CN102718285B - Oily sewage physical demulsification method for oil field - Google Patents
Oily sewage physical demulsification method for oil field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102718285B CN102718285B CN 201210246153 CN201210246153A CN102718285B CN 102718285 B CN102718285 B CN 102718285B CN 201210246153 CN201210246153 CN 201210246153 CN 201210246153 A CN201210246153 A CN 201210246153A CN 102718285 B CN102718285 B CN 102718285B
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Abstract
The invention provides an oily sewage physical demulsification method for an oil field, belongs to the technical field of oil fields, and particularly provides a technical method for carrying out physical demulsification on oil-in-water or water-in-oil type emulsified liquid. Oily sewage passes through a Venturi tube; the pressure of the oily sewage at the throat part of the Venturi tube is controlled to be lower than saturated vapor pressure of water; and free oil molecules are absorbed by using an oleophylic material, so that the oil molecules are separated and removed after being gathered to form oil drops. With the adoption of the oily sewage physical demulsification method, the oily sewage with an oil amount which is less than or equal to 100 mg/L can be treated. After the oily sewage is treated by a system, the oil removing rate can reach to be more than 90%, and the oilfield reinjection water standard can be reached without adding a demulsifier, using extra power equipment and carrying out biochemical treatment. Furthermore, the oily sewage physical demulsification method has the characteristics of being low in energy consumption, small in occupied area and the like. With the adoption of the oily sewage physical demulsification method provided by the invention, no chemical agent is added, so that the cost caused by adding the chemical agent can be saved by 0.4-0.6 Yuan/m<3>.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the oilfield technology field, in the special low permeability oil field re-injection water technology oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) type emulsion are carried out the technological method of physics breakdown of emulsion.
Background technology
In recent years, the most domestic oil-field development has entered high water-cut stage, and the application of various production techniques makes crude oil be plucked out of mainly with the form of milk sap.According to statistics, the crude oil that the world exploits out nearly 80% exists with the crude oil emulsion form, and the amount of oil-containing emulsification sewage also grows with each passing day.Water solution of oil is a heterogeneous system, wherein has at least a kind of liquid to be evenly dispersed among one and its not miscible liquid with the form of liquid pearl, and the diameter of liquid pearl is usually greater than 0.1 μ m.Having a kind of liquid in most of emulsions at least is water or the aqueous solution, usually emulsion is described as oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) type in the application practice.The common method of emulsification fluid breakdown of emulsion mainly contains chemical demulsification method, physical demulsification method and biological demulsifying method.
Conventional chemical breaking method cost is high, and especially the characteristics of chemical demulsifier maximum are that specificity is strong, so will select different emulsion splitters for emulsion of different nature, certainly will cause high cost.In addition, most of chemical demulsifiers have certain corrosion to equipment, and discharge easily causes secondary pollution to environment.
The mode that at present oil-contaminated water of oil field treatment system front end breakdown of emulsion, oil removing and the main employing of flocculation gravity, air supporting combines with chemical agent, outlet sewage with oil 〉=20mg/L, exist the sewage Crude Oil can't efficient recovery, sludge quantity is large, the mud oleaginousness is high, sewage sludge harmlessness is processed the problems such as difficult.
The physics demulsification technology because of have cost low, pollution-free, be convenient to the outstanding advantages such as subsequent disposal, more and more be subject to people's favor.Therefore, it is significant that the breakdown of emulsion problem that cost is low, efficient, the physics breaking method of environmental protection solves oil-containing emulsification sewage is overlapped in exploitation one.
At present the physics demulsification technology mainly is by emulsion being applied external force or rely on power between the milk sap interior molecules, cause the liquid pearl to bump and make the water-oil interface film rupture, and the oil droplet that discharges is in contact with one another gathering, and finally makes oily water separation.Common physics demulsification technology is broadly divided into two kinds: a kind of is that the milk sap drop is applied certain external force or relies on the power between the milk sap interior molecules to realize oily water separation, such as centrifuging, gravity method, membrane demulsification method, the wetting coalescent method of film etc.; Another kind is by the electromagnetism principle, makes drop floating or sinks, and occurs coalescently, reaches the purpose of oily water separation, common are electric demulsification method, ultrasonic dehydration method, microwave demulsifying method etc.
Above these physics breaking methods or need power-equipment increase the energy consumption of processing, or need to add emulsion splitter, not only increase cost, also need to increase the post-processed operation to emulsion splitter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of additionaling power equipment that need not to adopt, and does not use the oil-contaminated water of oil field physics breaking method of emulsion splitter.
First by Venturi tube, the oily(waste)water pressure of control Venturi tube throat is lower than the water saturation vapour pressure with oily(waste)water in the present invention, adopts lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule again, oil molecule is assembled form to separate behind the oil droplet to remove.
The present invention adopts the pressure breaking method, water-oil emulsion in the oily(waste)water enters into the Venturi pipeline with certain speed, according to venturi principle, oily(waste)water can form low pressure area in the throat of Venturi tube, when the pressure of throat was lower than water saturation vapour pressure under the temperature at that time, water-oil emulsion dripped to expand and causes liquid-sheet disintegration and reach the voluntarily purpose of breakdown of emulsion.Behind the excess pressure breakdown of emulsion, utilize lipophilic material to be made into cancellated collecter ring, the oil droplet behind the breakdown of emulsion is captured, thereby reach the purpose of physics breakdown of emulsion.The present invention can process the oily(waste)water of oil-containing≤100mg/L, after oily(waste)water is processed through native system, oil removal rate can reach more than 90%, do not need to add emulsion splitter, do not need to adopt additionaling power equipment, do not need to pass through again biochemical treatment, just can reach the standard of oil field reinjection water, and have the characteristics such as low power consuming, floor space be little.The present invention does not add chemical agent, can save 0.4~0.6 yuan/m of chemical adding of agent expense
3
The present invention also can be first with oily(waste)water through Air Exposure, remove oil, floss and the particle of unbound state, and then by the Venturi tube breakdown of emulsion.Pass through Air Exposure, the oil molecule of free state in the oily(waste)water further can be separated, the little oil droplet that does not have enough time in the aeration process to float clashes into coalescing-plate with certain speed, then oil droplet fast coalescent, absorption grow up, and then floating upward quickly formation oil reservoir, remove with convenient.Also can remove reducing substances by Air Exposure, such as sulphur, not only remove oil, floss and the particle of most unbound states, also can solve oily(waste)water through the problem of jaundice after finally processing.
The present invention also can be according to the characteristic of oily(waste)water, throat's inwall in Venturi tube adopts hydrophilic modifying to process, wall adds direct current 1.0~1.2mv millivolt level positive voltage within it, to avoid the oil droplet too enrichment of wall within it behind the breakdown of emulsion, oil droplet behind the breakdown of emulsion is under the effect of electric microfield, convenient in rapid escape can improve breakdown of emulsion efficient.
During oil-containing in the water quality after processing≤10mg/L, namely reach the purpose of breakdown of emulsion, during oil-containing in the water quality after processing≤30mg/L, also need to carry out the secondary breakdown of emulsion, that is: will remove water behind the oil droplet again through another group Venturi tube breakdown of emulsion, adopt again lipophilic material further to adsorb the unbound state oil molecule behind the breakdown of emulsion, make oil-containing≤10mg/L in the water quality.
Embodiment
Example one: the one-level breakdown of emulsion treatment process of oil-containing≤100mg/L in the pending oily(waste)water:
1, first with oily(waste)water through Air Exposure, remove oil, floss and the particle of unbound state, obtain and process water A1.
2, will process water A1 and pass through Venturi tube, the oily(waste)water pressure of control Venturi tube throat is lower than at that time processing environment water saturation vapour pressure, adopt again lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule, oil molecule is assembled form to separate behind the oil droplet and removed, obtain and process water A2.
Treatment effect:Process oil-containing≤30mg/L of water A2.
Example two: the one-level breakdown of emulsion treatment process of oil-containing≤50mg/L in the pending oily(waste)water:
1, first with oily(waste)water through Air Exposure, remove oil, floss and the particle of unbound state, obtain and process water B1.
2, the throat's inwall in Venturi tube adopts hydrophilic modifying to process, and wall adds direct current 1.0~1.2mv positive voltage within it.
To process water B1 and pass through Venturi tube, the oily(waste)water pressure of control Venturi tube throat is lower than at that time processing environment water saturation vapour pressure, adopt again lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule, oil molecule is assembled form to separate behind the oil droplet and removed, obtain and process water B2.
Treatment effect:Process oil-containing≤10mg/L of water B2.
Example three: the secondary breakdown of emulsion treatment process of oil-containing≤100mg/L in the pending oily(waste)water:
1, first with oily(waste)water through Air Exposure, remove oil, floss and the particle of unbound state, obtain and process water C1.
2, the throat's inwall first group of Venturi tube adopts hydrophilic modifying to process, and wall adds direct current 1.0~1.2mv positive voltage within it.
To process water C1 by first group of Venturi tube, the oily(waste)water pressure of control Venturi tube throat is lower than at that time processing environment water saturation vapour pressure, adopt again lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule, oil molecule is assembled form to separate behind the oil droplet and removed, obtain and process water C2.
3, the throat's inwall second group of Venturi tube adopts hydrophilic modifying to process, and wall adds direct current 1.0~1.2mv positive voltage within it.
To process water C2 by second group of Venturi tube, the oily(waste)water pressure of control Venturi tube throat is lower than at that time processing environment water saturation vapour pressure, adopt again lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule, oil molecule is assembled form to separate behind the oil droplet and removed, obtain and process water C3.
Treatment effect:Process oil-containing≤10mg/L among the water C3.
Claims (3)
1. oil-contaminated water of oil field physics breaking method, oily(waste)water is passed through first Venturi tube, the oily(waste)water pressure of control Venturi tube throat is lower than the water saturation vapour pressure, adopts lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule again, oil molecule is assembled form to separate behind the oil droplet to remove; It is characterized in that adopting hydrophilic modifying to process at throat's inwall of Venturi tube, wall adds the direct current millivolt level positive voltage of 1.0~1.2mv within it.
2. described oil-contaminated water of oil field physics breaking method according to claim 1 is characterized in that first oily(waste)water removing oil, floss and the particle of unbound state, and then passing through Venturi tube through Air Exposure.
3. described oil-contaminated water of oil field physics breaking method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting lipophilic material absorption unbound state oil molecule behind the breakdown of emulsion with removing water behind the oil droplet again through another group Venturi tube breakdown of emulsion again.
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CN103623709B (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-07-01 | 华南理工大学 | Oxidized graphene-modified super-hydrophilic super-oleophobic oil-water separation film and preparation method and application thereof |
CN105198040B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for rapidly demulsifying and purifying oil-in-water emulsified waste water |
CN106986416A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-07-28 | 汪钟睿 | A kind of isolation process of water oil mixture |
CN113620486B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-05-09 | 塔里木大学 | Sewage treatment device for organic chemistry experiment |
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CN201217639Y (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-04-08 | 江苏三星化工有限公司 | Integrated waste water treatment device |
CN102453495B (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2013-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Hydrocarbon oil demulsification method |
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