CN112401086A - Feed for Japanese eel black seeds and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Feed for Japanese eel black seeds and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112401086A
CN112401086A CN202011308467.4A CN202011308467A CN112401086A CN 112401086 A CN112401086 A CN 112401086A CN 202011308467 A CN202011308467 A CN 202011308467A CN 112401086 A CN112401086 A CN 112401086A
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Prior art keywords
feed
portions
flour
drying
compound
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CN202011308467.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈帅
陈大照
林锋
陈烁
陈在炎
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Fujian Dachangsheng Feed Co Ltd
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Fujian Dachangsheng Feed Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011308467.4A priority Critical patent/CN112401086A/en
Publication of CN112401086A publication Critical patent/CN112401086A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed for Japanese eel black seeds, which comprises the following raw materials: the feed comprises fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound mineral substances, fish oil, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, and is prepared by mixing and crushing the fish meal, the fermented soybean meal, the flour, the choline and the citric acid, forming at 90 ℃, drying at 80 ℃, controlling the water content at 9-10%, and performing vacuum oil injection after cooling. The feed has low flour content, high egg and fat content, reduced feed amount, environmental protection and economy.

Description

Feed for Japanese eel black seeds and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a feed for anguilla japonica black seeds and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Japanese eel, a fish belonging to the genus Anguilla of the family Anguilla anguilla, is elongated and snakelike, and has a flattened tail. It is very similar to European eel, but Japanese eel is more suitable for the environment of our country, and its fry is very valuable and is called soft gold. The Japanese eels are called young eels when the weight of the Japanese eels is 10-50 g, which is the most critical period for growth, and the protein demand and the bone growth form of the eels are ensured, so that the slim development of the eels is ensured, the health of intestinal tracts, livers and galls is protected, and appropriate amounts of trace elements and vitamins are added.
In order to ensure viscoelasticity of eel black seed feed in the current market, starch has to be used in large proportion in the eel black seed feed, the total nutrient balance of the formula is influenced by the addition of the starch with high proportion, the feed efficiency is low, eel dyspepsia causes easy enteritis in the black seed stage of the anguilla japonica, the disease resistance is reduced, the black seed with poor growth is easy to malformation, the later growth is slow, and the eel black seed feed is commonly called three types of eels.
The feed for the Japanese eel black seeds in the market has high starch content, and the Japanese eel black seeds are not easy to digest and absorb, easy to enteritis and grow badly and cause malformed eels.
Most of Japanese eel black seed feed in the market is high in protein and low in fat, the egg ratio is improper, the nutrition is unbalanced, the digestion is incomplete, the ammonia nitrogen content in water is too high, and the national sewage discharge standard cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a feed for anguilla japonica and a preparation method thereof, wherein fish meal, fermented soybean meal, flour, choline and citric acid are mixed and then crushed, the mixture is molded at 90 ℃, the molded mixture is dried at 80 ℃, the water content is controlled to be 9-10%, and the feed is cooled and then subjected to vacuum oil injection; the feed has low flour content, high egg and fat content, reduced feed amount, environmental protection and economy.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the feed for the Japanese eel black seeds comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 portions of fish meal, 75 to 80 portions of flour, 1 portion of choline, 40 to 50 portions of fermented soybean meal, 2 to 3 portions of citric acid, 3 to 3.5 portions of compound mineral, 40 to 50 portions of fish oil, 2 to 2.5 portions of compound vitamin and 0.5 to 1 portion of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate.
A preparation method of Japanese eel black seed feed comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, mixing fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound minerals, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, carrying out superfine grinding after mixing, sieving with a sieve of 80 meshes to form base powder with the grinding fineness of 99.6 percent,
s2, hardening and tempering the base powder obtained in the step S1, wherein each kilogram of the base powder is added with 110 ml of 100-; drying the modified base powder in a drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished feed particle product;
and step S3, spraying the fish oil on the surface of the semi-finished feed particle product by adopting a vacuum machine to obtain the finished product of the feed for the Japanese eel black seeds.
Furthermore, the conditioning adopts a double conditioning structure, so that flour and other raw materials are fully blended into jelly, and the conditioning time is 1 minute.
Furthermore, the drying box adopts an elongated eight-section box body, so that long-time drying at low temperature is ensured, uniform particle moisture is ensured, and the drying time is 1 hour and 20 minutes.
Furthermore, the vacuum machine is an air-draft vacuum machine, the pressure is 0.3 atmosphere during oil injection, and the oil injection is ensured to be uniform.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the fish meal is processed from cod, sardine and armored fish, has a crude protein content of more than 65 percent and a crude fat content of 8 percent, is a main nutrient source of the Japanese eels, and the fermented soybean meal is formed by fermenting and drying soybean meal, contains a large amount of small peptide protein and oligosaccharide, is easy to absorb, and can enhance the disease resistance of the Japanese eels.
2. The fermented soybean meal is prepared by fermenting and drying soybean meal, contains a large amount of small peptide protein and oligosaccharide, is easy to absorb, and can enhance the immunity of the Japanese eel.
3. The flour is used as a bonding forming agent, the crude protein of the flour is more than 11 percent, the digestibility of the anguilla japonica reaches more than 60 percent, the extremely low flour content effectively prevents enteritis of the eels, the flour accounts for a small amount, more oil can be added, and the egg ratio of the feed is more reasonable; the flour is used as a forming agent, so that the content of starch in the feed is reduced, and enteritis is prevented; the immunity of the Japanese eel is enhanced by adding the fermented soybean meal, and the emission of the Japanese eel phosphorus can be reduced by adding the lemon to promote the absorption of phosphorus.
4. Through vacuum oil injection, the oil content of the feed is increased, the protein content of the feed is reduced, the egg-laying ratio of the feed is more reasonable, the feed efficiency is improved, and the ammonia nitrogen emission of the feed is reduced.
5. The food-grade sodium phenylpropionate is an adhesive and can effectively keep the feed forming and prolong the stability of the feed in water.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.
The feed for the Japanese eel black seeds comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 portions of fish meal, 75 to 80 portions of flour, 1 portion of choline, 40 to 50 portions of fermented soybean meal, 2 to 3 portions of citric acid, 3 to 3.5 portions of compound mineral, 40 to 50 portions of fish oil, 2 to 2.5 portions of compound vitamin and 0.5 to 1 portion of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate.
A preparation method of Japanese eel black seed feed comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, mixing fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound minerals, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, carrying out superfine grinding after mixing, sieving with a sieve of 80 meshes to form base powder with the grinding fineness of 99.6 percent,
s2, hardening and tempering the base powder obtained in the step S1, wherein each kilogram of the base powder is added with 110 ml of 100-; drying the modified base powder in a drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished feed particle product;
and step S3, spraying the fish oil on the surface of the semi-finished feed particle product by adopting a vacuum machine to obtain the finished product of the feed for the Japanese eel black seeds.
Furthermore, the conditioning adopts a double conditioning structure, so that flour and other raw materials are fully blended into jelly, and the conditioning time is 1 minute.
Furthermore, the drying box adopts an elongated eight-section box body, so that long-time drying at low temperature is ensured, uniform particle moisture is ensured, and the drying time is 1 hour and 20 minutes.
Furthermore, the vacuum machine is an air-draft vacuum machine, the pressure is 0.3 atmosphere during oil injection, and the oil injection is ensured to be uniform.
Specifically, finished feed products of the anguilla japonica black seeds are filled into a packaging bag and packaged by a vacuum packaging machine, and the packaged product is stored in a warehouse below 30 ℃.
Further, the compound mineral substance is QILIBAO (for eel) compound mineral substance produced by Guangzhou Tianke biological science and technology Limited, and the compound mineral substance mainly contains zinc methionine complex, zinc sulfate, copper methionine complex, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite and medical stone as carrier.
Further, the compound vitamin adopts compound vitamin feed V-105 for carnivorous of Guangzhou Feixite biotechnology limited, and each kilogram of the compound vitamin contains vitamin A40000000IU, vitamin D21000000 IU, vitamin E150000 IU, vitamin K3 g, vitamin B120 g, vitamin B235 g, vitamin B620 g, vitamin B12100 mg, folic acid 5 g, biotin 550 mg and Vc15 g.
The invention uses flour as a forming agent, reduces the content of starch in feed, prevents enteritis, enhances the immunity of the conger eel by adding fermented soybean meal, and can promote the absorption of phosphorus and reduce the emission of phosphorus in the conger eel by adding lemon; through vacuum oil injection, the oil content of the feed is increased, the protein content of the feed is reduced, the egg-laying ratio of the feed is more reasonable, the feed efficiency is improved, and the ammonia nitrogen emission of the feed is reduced; the food-grade sodium phenylpropionate is an adhesive and can effectively keep the feed forming and prolong the stability of the feed in water; stirring lactobacillus and fish oil at high speed, emulsifying, vacuum spraying on feed, and keeping in dormant state.
Example 1
400 portions of fish meal, 75 to 80 portions of flour, 1 portion of choline, 40 to 50 portions of fermented soybean meal, 2 to 3 portions of citric acid, 3 to 3.5 portions of compound mineral, 40 to 50 portions of fish oil, 2 to 2.5 portions of compound vitamin and 0.5 to 1 portion of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate.
Example 2
400 portions of fish meal, 75 to 80 portions of flour, 1 portion of choline, 40 to 50 portions of fermented soybean meal, 2 to 3 portions of citric acid, 3 to 3.5 portions of compound mineral, 40 to 50 portions of fish oil and 2 to 2.5 portions of compound vitamin.
Example 3
Feed on market
The preparation methods of the embodiments 1 and 2 are consistent, namely mixing, superfine grinding, tempering, granulating, drying, vacuum spraying and packaging.
Table 1 shows the comparison of the cases of feeding Nissan eel black seeds with the feed products of example 1, example 2 and example 3
Table 1:
Figure BDA0002789010500000051
the above table shows that the digestibility of the anguilla japonica black seeds of the invention reaches more than 80%, the very low starch content effectively prevents the enteritis of the anguilla japonica, the starch content is low, more oil can be added, and the egg ratio of the feed is more reasonable.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The feed for the Japanese eel black seeds is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 portions of fish meal, 75 to 80 portions of flour, 1 portion of choline, 40 to 50 portions of fermented soybean meal, 2 to 3 portions of citric acid, 3 to 3.5 portions of compound mineral, 40 to 50 portions of fish oil, 2 to 2.5 portions of compound vitamin and 0.5 to 1 portion of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate.
2. The preparation method of the feed for anguilla japonica according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step S1, mixing fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound minerals, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, carrying out superfine grinding after mixing, sieving with a sieve of 80 meshes to form base powder with the grinding fineness of 99.6 percent,
s2, hardening and tempering the base powder obtained in the step S1, wherein each kilogram of the base powder is added with 110 ml of 100-; drying the modified base powder in a drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished feed particle product;
and step S3, spraying the fish oil on the surface of the semi-finished feed particle product by adopting a vacuum machine to obtain the finished product of the feed for the Japanese eel black seeds.
3. The method for producing feed for anguilla japonica according to claim 2, wherein the tempering adopts a double-tempering structure, so that flour and other raw materials are fully blended into a gel, and the tempering time is 1 minute.
4. The method for producing feed for anguilla japonica black seeds according to claim 2, wherein the drying oven adopts an elongated eight-section oven body, so that long-time drying at low temperature is ensured, uniform moisture of particles is ensured, and the drying time is 1 hour and 20 minutes.
5. The method for producing feed for anguilla japonica according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum machine is an air-draft vacuum machine, and the pressure during oil injection is 0.3 atm, so as to ensure uniform oil injection.
CN202011308467.4A 2020-11-20 2020-11-20 Feed for Japanese eel black seeds and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN112401086A (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102771681A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-14 福建天马饲料有限公司 Powdery compound feed for anguilla marmorata black fry stage

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102771681A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-11-14 福建天马饲料有限公司 Powdery compound feed for anguilla marmorata black fry stage

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
王权等: "《淡水鱼高产新技术操作手册》", 31 July 2015, 北京：金盾出版 *
陈桂林等，中国农业科学院饲料研究所编: "《中国饲料原料采购指南》", 31 July 2002, 北京：企业管理出版社 *

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Application publication date: 20210226