CN112401087A - Feed for young Japanese eels and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed for young Japanese eels and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112401087A CN112401087A CN202011308468.9A CN202011308468A CN112401087A CN 112401087 A CN112401087 A CN 112401087A CN 202011308468 A CN202011308468 A CN 202011308468A CN 112401087 A CN112401087 A CN 112401087A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a feed for young Japanese eels, which comprises the following raw materials: the feed uses fish meal, fermented soybean meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound mineral substances, fish oil, compound vitamins, food-grade sodium phenylpropionate and lactic acid bacteria, the fish meal, the fermented soybean meal, the flour, the choline, the citric acid and other additives are mixed and then crushed, the mixture is molded at 90 ℃, the mixture is dried at 80 ℃, the water content is controlled to be 9-10%, the feed is subjected to vacuum oil injection and lactic acid bacteria after being cooled, the flour content of the feed is low, the high-protein high-fat content is high, the lactic acid bacteria are added to help digestion, and the health of the eel is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a feed for young Japanese eels and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Japanese eel, a fish belonging to the genus Anguilla of the family Anguilla anguilla, is elongated and snakelike, and has a flattened tail. It is very similar to European eel, but Japanese eel is more suitable for the environment of our country, and its fry is very valuable and is called soft gold. The Japanese eels are called young eels when the weight of the Japanese eels is 10-50 g, which is the most critical period for growth, and the protein demand and the bone growth form of the eels are ensured, so that the slim development of the eels is ensured, the health of intestinal tracts, livers and galls is protected, and appropriate amounts of trace elements and vitamins are added.
In order to ensure viscoelasticity of the feed in the current market, starch has to be used in the young eel feed in a large proportion, the overall balance of formula nutrition is influenced by the addition of the starch in a high proportion, the feed efficiency is low, eel dyspepsia causes easy enteritis and disease resistance reduction of the young eel stage of the Japanese eels, fish oil is excessively mixed during feeding, the eels are easy to have fatty liver, and the feed is lost and the water quality is influenced due to the excessive mixing of the fish oil. The mineral mixture ratio is unreasonable, short fat bars appear easily, these all can let the eel grow slowly in the later stage, cause very big economic loss. The feed for young Japanese eels in the market has high starch content, and Japanese eels are not easy to digest and absorb, easy to enteritis, poor in growth and low in feed efficiency.
Most of Japanese eel fry feed in the market is high in protein and low in fat, the egg ratio is improper, the nutrition is unbalanced, the digestion is incomplete, the ammonia nitrogen content in water is too high, the national sewage discharge standard cannot be met, and the post-mixed oil feed is unstable and influences the water quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a feed for young Japanese eel and a preparation method thereof, wherein fish meal, fermented soybean meal, flour, choline, citric acid and other additives are mixed and crushed, the mixture is molded at 90 ℃, the molded mixture is dried at 80 ℃, the water content is controlled to be 9-10%, the feed is subjected to vacuum oil injection and lactobacillus after being cooled, the feed contains low flour, the high protein and high fat content, and the lactobacillus is added to help digestion, so that the health of eel is ensured.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a feed for young Japanese eels comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 360 parts of fish meal 350-plus, 75-80 parts of flour, 1 part of choline, 90-100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 3-3.5 parts of compound mineral, 30-40 parts of fish oil, 2-2.5 parts of compound vitamin, 0.5-1 part of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate and 0.1-1 part of lactic acid bacteria.
A preparation method of Japanese eel fry feed comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, mixing fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound minerals, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, carrying out superfine grinding after mixing, sieving with a sieve of 80 meshes to form base powder with the grinding fineness of 99.6 percent,
s2, hardening and tempering the base powder obtained in the step S1, wherein each kilogram of the base powder is added with 110 ml of 100-; drying the modified base powder in a drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished feed particle product;
and step S3, mixing the lactic acid bacteria and the fish oil, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the feed pellet semi-finished product by using a vacuum machine to obtain the finished product of the anguilla japonica young feed.
Further, the lactobacillus is added into the fish oil, stirred into a colloid shape by a stirring machine with 2200 and 2800 revolutions per hour, and sprayed by a vacuum machine, so that the semi-finished feed particles can absorb the colloid-shaped lactobacillus and the lactobacillus is in a dormant state.
Furthermore, the conditioning adopts a double conditioning structure, so that flour and other raw materials are fully blended into jelly, and the conditioning time is 1 minute.
Furthermore, the drying box adopts an elongated eight-section box body, so that long-time drying at low temperature is ensured, uniform particle moisture is ensured, and the drying time is 1 hour and 20 minutes.
Furthermore, the vacuum machine is an air-draft vacuum machine, the pressure is 0.3 atmosphere during oil injection, and the oil injection is ensured to be uniform.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the fish meal is processed from cod, sardine and armored fish, has a crude protein content of more than 65 percent and a crude fat content of 8 percent, is a main nutrient source of the Japanese eels, and the fermented soybean meal is formed by fermenting and drying soybean meal, contains a large amount of small peptide protein and oligosaccharide, is easy to absorb, and can enhance the disease resistance of the Japanese eels.
2. The fermented soybean meal is prepared by fermenting and drying soybean meal, contains a large amount of small peptide protein and oligosaccharide, is easy to absorb, and can enhance the immunity of the Japanese eel.
3. The flour is used as a bonding forming agent, the eel enteritis is effectively prevented by extremely low starch content, the starch content is less, more fish meal and grease can be added, and the egg ratio of the feed is more reasonable.
4. The food-grade sodium phenylpropionate is an adhesive and can effectively keep the feed forming and prolong the stability of the feed in water.
5. The lactobacillus and the fish oil are stirred at high speed, emulsified and sprayed on the feed in vacuum, and the feed is in a dormant state, so that the digestion of the young anguilla japonica is facilitated.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.
A feed for young Japanese eels comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 360 parts of fish meal 350-plus, 75-80 parts of flour, 1 part of choline, 90-100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 3-3.5 parts of compound mineral, 30-40 parts of fish oil, 2-2.5 parts of compound vitamin, 0.5-1 part of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate and 0.1-1 part of lactic acid bacteria.
A preparation method of Japanese eel fry feed comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, mixing fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound minerals, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, carrying out superfine grinding after mixing, sieving with a sieve of 80 meshes to form base powder with the grinding fineness of 99.6 percent,
s2, hardening and tempering the base powder obtained in the step S1, wherein each kilogram of the base powder is added with 110 ml of 100-; drying the modified base powder in a drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished feed particle product;
and step S3, mixing the lactic acid bacteria and the fish oil, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the feed pellet semi-finished product by using a vacuum machine to obtain the finished product of the anguilla japonica young feed.
Further, the lactobacillus is added into the fish oil, stirred into a colloid shape by a stirring machine with 2200 and 2800 revolutions per hour, and sprayed by a vacuum machine, so that the semi-finished feed particles can absorb the colloid-shaped lactobacillus and the lactobacillus is in a dormant state.
Furthermore, the conditioning adopts a double conditioning structure, so that flour and other raw materials are fully blended into jelly, and the conditioning time is 1 minute.
Furthermore, the drying box adopts an elongated eight-section box body, so that long-time drying at low temperature is ensured, uniform particle moisture is ensured, and the drying time is 1 hour and 20 minutes.
Furthermore, the vacuum machine is an air-draft vacuum machine, the pressure is 0.3 atmosphere during oil injection, and the oil injection is ensured to be uniform.
Specifically, finished feed products of young anguilla japonica are packaged in packaging bags and packaged by a vacuum packaging machine, and the packaged products are stored in a warehouse at a temperature of below 30 ℃.
Further, the compound mineral substance is QILIBAO (for eel) compound mineral substance produced by Guangzhou Tianke biological science and technology Limited, and the compound mineral substance mainly contains zinc methionine complex, zinc sulfate, copper methionine complex, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite and medical stone as carrier.
Further, the compound vitamin adopts compound vitamin feed V-105 for carnivorous of Guangzhou Feixite biotechnology limited, and each kilogram of the compound vitamin contains vitamin A40000000 IU, vitamin D21000000 IU, vitamin E150000 IU, vitamin K3 g, vitamin B120 g, vitamin B235 g, vitamin B620 g, vitamin B12100 mg, folic acid 5 g, biotin 550 mg and Vc15 g.
The invention uses flour as a forming agent, reduces the content of starch in feed, prevents enteritis, enhances the immunity of the conger eel by adding fermented soybean meal, and can promote the absorption of phosphorus and reduce the emission of phosphorus in the conger eel by adding lemon; through vacuum oil injection, the oil content of the feed is increased, the protein content of the feed is reduced, the egg-laying ratio of the feed is more reasonable, the feed efficiency is improved, and the ammonia nitrogen emission of the feed is reduced; the food-grade sodium phenylpropionate is an adhesive and can effectively keep the feed forming and prolong the stability of the feed in water; stirring lactobacillus and fish oil at high speed, emulsifying, vacuum spraying on feed, and keeping in dormant state.
Example 1
360 parts of fish meal 350-plus, 75-80 parts of flour, 1 part of choline, 90-100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 3-3.5 parts of compound mineral, 30-40 parts of fish oil, 2-2.5 parts of compound vitamin, 0.5-1 part of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate and 0.1-1 part of lactic acid bacteria.
Example 2
360 parts of fish meal 350-plus, 75-80 parts of flour, 1 part of choline, 90-100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 3-3.5 parts of composite mineral, 30-40 parts of fish oil and 2-2.5 parts of composite vitamin.
Example 3
Feed on market
The preparation methods of the embodiments 1 and 2 are consistent, namely mixing, superfine grinding, tempering, granulating, drying, vacuum spraying and packaging.
Table 1 shows the comparison of the feeding of the Japanese eel fry with the feed products of example 1, example 2 and example 3
Table 1:
the above table shows that the feed for young anguilla japonica and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the digestibility of young anguilla japonica is over 80%, the very low starch content effectively prevents enteritis of the anguilla japonica, the starch content is low, more oil can be added, and the egg ratio of the feed is more reasonable.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The feed for young anguilla japonica is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 360 parts of fish meal 350-plus, 75-80 parts of flour, 1 part of choline, 90-100 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 3-3.5 parts of compound mineral, 30-40 parts of fish oil, 2-2.5 parts of compound vitamin, 0.5-1 part of food-grade sodium phenylpropionate and 0.1-1 part of lactic acid bacteria.
2. The preparation method of the feed for anguilla japonica fry according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step S1, mixing fish meal, flour, choline, fermented soybean meal, citric acid, compound minerals, compound vitamins and food-grade sodium phenylpropionate, carrying out superfine grinding after mixing, sieving with a sieve of 80 meshes to form base powder with the grinding fineness of 99.6 percent,
s2, hardening and tempering the base powder obtained in the step S1, wherein each kilogram of the base powder is added with 110 ml of 100-; drying the modified base powder in a drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished feed particle product;
and step S3, mixing the lactic acid bacteria and the fish oil, and spraying the mixture on the surface of the feed pellet semi-finished product by using a vacuum machine to obtain the finished product of the anguilla japonica young feed.
3. The process for producing feed for anguilla juvenile according to claim 2, wherein the lactic acid bacteria are added to fish oil, and the mixture is stirred with a 2200-.
4. The process for producing a feed for anguilla marmorata young according to claim 2, wherein the tempering is performed in a double-tempering structure, and the flour is fully kneaded with other raw materials into a gel-like form for 1 minute.
5. The process for producing feed for anguilla japonica young as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying oven is an elongated eight-section oven to ensure long-term drying at low temperature and uniform moisture of the particles, and the drying time is 1 hour and 20 minutes.
6. The process for producing a feed for anguilla juvenile according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum machine is an air draft vacuum machine, and the pressure at the time of oil injection is 0.3 atm, so that the oil injection is uniform.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011308468.9A CN112401087A (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Feed for young Japanese eels and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011308468.9A CN112401087A (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Feed for young Japanese eels and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112401087A true CN112401087A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011308468.9A Withdrawn CN112401087A (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Feed for young Japanese eels and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102771680A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-14 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Powdery compound feed for young anguilla marmorata stage |
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2020
- 2020-11-20 CN CN202011308468.9A patent/CN112401087A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102771680A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-14 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Powdery compound feed for young anguilla marmorata stage |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王权等: "《淡水鱼高产新技术操作手册》", 31 July 2015 * |
| 陈桂林等: "《中国饲料原料采购指南》", 31 July 2002 * |
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