CN112385748A - Method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries - Google Patents
Method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries Download PDFInfo
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- CN112385748A CN112385748A CN202011034151.0A CN202011034151A CN112385748A CN 112385748 A CN112385748 A CN 112385748A CN 202011034151 A CN202011034151 A CN 202011034151A CN 112385748 A CN112385748 A CN 112385748A
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- carassius auratus
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- auratus gibelio
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- 241001459819 Carassius gibelio Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000019742 Vitamins premix Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical class C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OCC(O)C1OC(=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1O MIJPAVRNWPDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 101710089042 Demethyl-4-deoxygadusol synthase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019779 Rapeseed Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(C)N)C=C1 NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000252211 Carassius Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000252229 Carassius auratus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102220606495 Sorting nexin-10_F29M_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102220414043 c.31T>G Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000031200 bile acid secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries, and belongs to the technical field of breeding. The special feed for breeding comprises fish meal and chicken meal. Soybean meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, corn protein powder, rice bran, corn DDGS, wheat, bran, soybean oil, monocalcium phosphate, vitamin premix, microelement premix, vitamin C phosphate, bile acid salt, probiotics, choline chloride, an antioxidant and a mildew preventive. The culture method comprises the following steps: controlling the environment of the culture pond, putting seedlings and controlling feeding. The invention selects the growth rule and materials of carassius auratus gibelio, can reach the specification of 3/jin in 10 months after 5 months of culture, and the survival rate is higher than 95%; compared with 20/kilogram in the traditional mode, the survival rate is about 50 percent; has higher economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding, in particular to a method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries.
Background
According to the records of fishery yearbook in 2019, the yield of the crucian carp nationwide in 2019 is 277.1 ten thousand tons. Jiangsu Yangcheng is the core area for national crucian carp breeding, the area mainly used for breeding allogynogenetic crucian carps is about 80 ten thousand mu, and accounts for 22.4% of national crucian carps. However, in the salt city area, the death rate of carassius auratus gibelio bleeding diseases is over 90 percent due to the outbreak of the carassius auratus gibelio bleeding diseases in the last 10 years, farmers are seriously lost and dare to breed, transform and abandon the carassius auratus. Influenced by gill bleeding diseases, the market condition of the crucian is stable and continuous. The prices of the carassius auratus gibelio mouths on the 6 pairs are maintained to be more than 6 yuan/jin, the prices of the carassius auratus gibelio mouths on the 8 pairs are maintained to be more than 8 yuan/jin, and the prices of the carassius auratus gibelio mouths on the 1 jin or more are more than 10 yuan/jin.
At present, the biggest factor influencing the specifications of the crucian carps is that the large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fries are difficult to cultivate, so that the specifications of adult carassius auratus gibelio are smaller; it is difficult to further increase the selling price and increase the economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries and a corresponding special feed.
In order to realize the first purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the special feed for the large-size carassius auratus gibelio offspring seed breeding method comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
8 to 14 percent of fish meal
5 to 10 percent of chicken powder
10 to 25 percent of soybean meal
5 to 10 percent of cottonseed meal
10 to 25 percent of rapeseed meal
3 to 8 percent of corn protein powder
8 to 20 percent of rice bran
Corn DDGS 4% -10%
6 to 15 percent of wheat
2 to 6 percent of bran
3 to 6 percent of soybean oil
1.5 to 3 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate
0.1 to 0.5 percent of vitamin premix
1 to 3 percent of trace element premix
0.05-0.2% of vitamin C phosphate
Bile acid salt 0.01-0.1%
0.01 to 0.1 percent of probiotics
0.1 to 0.5 percent of choline chloride
0.01 to 0.1 percent of antioxidant
0.01 to 0.1 percent of mildew preventive.
The feed formula can meet the nutritional requirements of healthy and rapid growth of carassius auratus gibelio fries. The vitamin premix and the vitamin C phosphate can improve the growth, transportation resistance and stress resistance of carassius auratus gibelio fries.
The bile acid salt and choline chloride can improve the emulsification absorption of grease, prevent the comprehensive liver and gall of the crucian, reduce the pressure of bile acid secretion of the liver of carassius auratus gibelio fries and improve the health of the liver.
The probiotics can condition intestinal health of carassius auratus gibelio fries, maintain intestinal colony balance, reduce enteritis occurrence probability and improve digestion and absorption of the carassius auratus gibelio.
In order to achieve the second purpose of the invention, the method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries comprises the following steps:
controlling the environment of the culture pond: controlling the pH value of the pond water to be 7.5-8.5; the water temperature is 18-32 ℃; the nitrite content is less than or equal to 0.25 mg/ml; the ammonia nitrogen content is less than or equal to 1.5mg/ml, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 3 m/L;
seedling releasing: in the 5 months, carassius auratus gibelio fries with the specification of more than or equal to 150 fries/jin are put in; the seedling density is 3800 and 4200 tails/mu;
feeding: feeding the special feed for the large-size carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method, wherein the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio fry is 4-10% of the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio fry every day; feeding for at least 5 months.
Preferably, in the seedling releasing step: silver carps and spotted silver carps are cultured in the culture pond.
Further preferably, the silver carp fry placing density is 100 per mu, and the specification is more than or equal to 100 fries per kilogram.
Further preferably, the spotted silver carp is put with the seedling density of 100 per mu, and the specification is more than or equal to 100 per jin.
Preferably, in the feeding step: when the carassius auratus gibelio fry is less than or equal to 50 fish/jin, the daily feeding amount is less than or equal to 10 percent of the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for at most 8 times every day, and the interval of each time is more than or equal to 1.5 hours.
Preferably, in the feeding step: when the carassius auratus gibelio fry is more than 50/jin and less than or equal to 10/jin, the daily feeding amount is less than or equal to 6% of the weight of the fish, the feeding is carried out for 6 times at most every day, and the interval is more than or equal to 2 hours every time.
Preferably, in the feeding step: when the carassius auratus gibelio fry is more than 10 fish/jin and less than or equal to 3 fish/jin, the daily feeding amount is less than or equal to 4% of the weight of the fish, the carassius auratus gibelio fry is fed for 4 times at most every day, and the interval is more than or equal to 3 hours each time.
Further preferably, when the dissolved oxygen is less than or equal to 3mg/l, the daily feeding amount is reduced by at least 50 percent; when the dissolved oxygen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/l, stopping feeding.
Further preferably, the state of the carassius auratus gibelio fries is observed when rainy weather occurs, and feeding is stopped until the weather becomes clear when the carassius auratus gibelio fries stop eating.
The invention selects the growth rule and materials of carassius auratus gibelio, can reach the specification of 3/jin in 10 months after 5 months of culture, and the survival rate is higher than 95%; compared with 20/kilogram in the traditional mode, the survival rate is about 50 percent; has higher economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention so that those skilled in the art may better understand the invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the invention. Other various modifications, substitutions and alterations of the above-described structures of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the basic technical spirit of the invention as described herein.
The seedling setting mode of the invention is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 cultivation aspect ratio
150 tails/jin of carassius auratus gibelio fries are placed in the early 5 months, and the densities are 3800, 4000 and 4200 tails/mu respectively. By culturing for 5 months, the special carassius auratus gibelio feed can reach 3 fish/jin in 10 months, and can be used as adult carassius auratus gibelio for culturing large-scale fingerlings. 150 tails/jin of carassius auratus gibelio fries are selected and put, and the survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Meanwhile, spotted silver carps and silver carps are intercropped in the pond in order to regulate and control the water quality, maintain the ecological balance of the pond and increase the output benefit of the pond.
The requirements of the culture environment are as follows:
controlling the environment of the aquaculture pond: controlling the pH value of the pond water to be 7.5-8.5; the water temperature is 18-32 ℃; the nitrite content is less than or equal to 0.25 mg/l; the content of ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 1.5 mg/l; the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 3 m/L; the depth of the pond water is 1.5-2.0 m.
Feeding requirement:
the fingerlings have high nutritional requirements on the feed, and the specifications of the carassius auratus gibelio fingerlings are improved through special feed and reasonable control of feeding amount in the fingerling stage. 5-10 months per year is the rapid growth period of carassius auratus gibelio fries, and the special material for carassius auratus gibelio can obviously promote the growth of the carassius auratus gibelio fries. The crucian belongs to the stomach-free crucian, the food intake is small each time, and in order to improve the growth of carassius auratus gibelio fries and reduce the feed waste, a less-eating and more-eating feeding mode is adopted.
When the size of the carassius auratus gibelio fries is less than 50 fish/jin, the daily feeding amount is controlled to be about 10% of the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for 8 times daily, and the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for 1 time at an interval of 1.5 hours in the daytime.
The carassius auratus gibelio fry is more than 50 fish/jin and less than 10 fish/jin, the daily feeding amount is controlled to be 6% of the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for 6 times daily, and the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for 1 time every 2 hours in the day.
When the carassius auratus gibelio fry is more than 10/jin and less than 3/jin, the daily feeding amount is controlled to be 4% of the weight of the carassius auratus, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for 4 times daily, and the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for 1 time at an interval of 3 hours in the day.
When the carassius auratus gibelio fingerlings reach 3/jin, the carassius auratus gibelio fingerlings can be sold on the market.
Because the carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding is sensitive to changes such as weather changes, dissolved oxygen, temperature and the like, the feeding is influenced, and in order to better control the feeding amount and reduce the feed waste, the carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding stage mainly pays attention to the following conditions for reasonable adjustment:
(1) when the dissolved oxygen is lower than 3mg/l, the daily feeding amount is correspondingly reduced by half; when the concentration is lower than 1.5mg/l, the feeding is stopped to prevent the death due to oxygen deficiency.
(2) Rainy weather is the observation of fish food intake; trying to feed, and continuing feeding if the fish eat normally; and if the fish stops eating, stopping feeding until the weather becomes clear.
(3) And (5) patrolling the pond every day, and checking the disease and growth condition of the crucian.
(4) Sampling carassius auratus gibelio fingerlings every month for 2 times, and reasonably adjusting feeding amount and feeding amount according to carassius auratus gibelio fingerling specifications; and dissecting and checking the liver, intestinal health, fish diseases and other conditions of the crucian. If the liver becomes white, green, enteritis and the like occur, the feeding rate is reduced by half according to the normal feeding amount, and meanwhile, the oral administration is reasonably regulated and controlled under the guidance of aquatic veterinarians.
Feed formula and preparation method
The special carassius auratus gibelio material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
8 to 14 percent of fish meal
5 to 10 percent of chicken powder
10 to 25 percent of soybean meal
5 to 10 percent of cottonseed meal
10 to 25 percent of rapeseed meal
3 to 8 percent of corn protein powder
8 to 20 percent of rice bran
Corn DDGS 4% -10%
6 to 15 percent of wheat
2 to 6 percent of bran
3 to 6 percent of soybean oil
1.5 to 3 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate
0.1 to 0.5 percent of vitamin premix
1 to 3 percent of trace element premix
0.05-0.2% of vitamin C phosphate
Bile acid salt 0.01-0.1%
0.01 to 0.1 percent of probiotics
0.1 to 0.5 percent of choline chloride
0.01 to 0.1 percent of antioxidant
0.01 to 0.1 percent of mildew preventive
Wherein the vitamin premix is provided by Tongwei animal nutrition feed company Limited, and is F11V vitamin premix for carnivorous fish; the microelement premix is F29M premix for omnivorous fish provided by Tongwei animal nutrition feed Limited.
The antioxidant is 'Shenweixian' antioxidant produced by Shanghai three-dimensional feed additive company Limited; the mildew preventive is a mildew preventive of 'Muibike' produced by Wankang biotechnology limited company in Guilin; the probiotics is feed additive probiotics produced by Jiangsu Su micro-ecological technology limited company.
The preparation method of the special material for carassius auratus gibelio comprises the following steps: all the raw materials are primarily crushed to be more than 60 meshes; weighing the ingredients in proportion, and mixing for the first time; then carrying out secondary crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and carrying out secondary mixing; and (4) putting the secondarily mixed materials into a granulator for granulation.
The vitamin premix is F11V vitamin premix for carnivorous fish provided by Tongwei animal nutrition feed company Limited; the microelement premix is F29M microelement premix for omnivorous fish provided by Tongwei animal nutrition feed company Limited.
In actual feeding, the feed is fed according to the specific components in the following table 2, and three feeds with different proportions are mixed for feeding:
table 2 formula table of special material for carassius auratus gibelio
Comparison of crucian growth
In order to compare with the traditional carassius auratus gibelio breeding mode, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed by the feed formula in the table 2, a traditional carassius auratus fry pond is arranged, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed by the traditional breeding environment and the feed, and the results are shown in the tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 comparison of carassius auratus gibelio fry growth in two different modes
TABLE 4 cultivation mode of traditional carassius auratus gibelio fries
Through statistics of comparison with pond mouths, the survival rate and the emergence specification of the crucian carp fry in the same emergence time in the breeding mode are far greater than those of the traditional crucian carp fry breeding mode.
Claims (10)
1. The special feed for the large-size carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
8 to 14 percent of fish meal
5 to 10 percent of chicken powder
10 to 25 percent of soybean meal
5 to 10 percent of cottonseed meal
10 to 25 percent of rapeseed meal
3 to 8 percent of corn protein powder
8 to 20 percent of rice bran
Corn DDGS 4% -10%
6 to 15 percent of wheat
2 to 6 percent of bran
3 to 6 percent of soybean oil
1.5 to 3 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate
0.1 to 0.5 percent of vitamin premix
1 to 3 percent of trace element premix
0.05-0.2% of vitamin C phosphate
Bile acid salt 0.01-0.1%
0.01 to 0.1 percent of probiotics
0.1 to 0.5 percent of choline chloride
0.01 to 0.1 percent of antioxidant
0.01 to 0.1 percent of mildew preventive.
2. A method for breeding large-size carassius auratus gibelio fries is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
controlling the environment of the culture pond: controlling the pH value of the pond water to be 7.5-8.5; the water temperature is 18-32 ℃; the nitrite content is less than or equal to 0.25 mg/ml; the ammonia nitrogen content is less than or equal to 1.5mg/ml, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 3 m/L;
seedling releasing: in the 5 months, carassius auratus gibelio fries with the specification of more than or equal to 150 fries/jin are put in; the seedling density is 3800 and 4200 tails/mu;
feeding: feeding the special feed for the large-size carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method, wherein the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio fry is 4-10% of the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio fry every day; feeding for at least 5 months.
3. The large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the seedling releasing step comprises: silver carps and spotted silver carps are cultured in the culture pond.
4. The large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the seedling density of the silver carps is 100 per mu, and the specification is more than or equal to 100 per jin.
5. The large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the spotted silver carp seedling density is 100 per mu, and the specification is more than or equal to 100 per jin.
6. The large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the feeding step comprises the following steps: when the carassius auratus gibelio fry is less than or equal to 50 fish/jin, the daily feeding amount is less than or equal to 10 percent of the weight of the carassius auratus gibelio, the carassius auratus gibelio is fed for at most 8 times every day, and the interval of each time is more than or equal to 1.5 hours.
7. The large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the feeding step comprises the following steps: when the carassius auratus gibelio fry is more than 50/jin and less than or equal to 10/jin, the daily feeding amount is less than or equal to 6% of the weight of the fish, the feeding is carried out for 6 times at most every day, and the interval is more than or equal to 2 hours every time.
8. The large-specification carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the feeding step comprises the following steps: when the carassius auratus gibelio fry is more than 10 fish/jin and less than or equal to 3 fish/jin, the daily feeding amount is less than or equal to 4% of the weight of the fish, the carassius auratus gibelio fry is fed for 4 times at most every day, and the interval is more than or equal to 3 hours each time.
9. The large-size carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method according to any one of claims 2 and 6 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the dissolved oxygen is less than or equal to 3mg/l, the daily feeding amount is reduced by at least 50 percent; when the dissolved oxygen is less than or equal to 1.5mg/l, stopping feeding.
10. The large-size carassius auratus gibelio fry breeding method according to any one of claims 2 and 6 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and when rainy days appear, observing the state of the carassius auratus gibelio fries, and stopping feeding until the weather becomes clear when the carassius auratus gibelio fries stop eating.
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