CN101984848B

CN101984848B - Tilapia mossambica overwintering feed

Info

Publication number: CN101984848B
Application number: CN201010558890XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙忠义; 杨思华; 高开进; 易泽喜; 高晓东; 白洋; 米顺利; 艾芳芳; 王玲; 欧顺明; 孙宇; 陆田; 陆桂梅; 雷晓婷
Original assignee: Baiyang Aquatic Group Inc
Current assignee: Baiyang Aquatic Group Inc
Priority date: 2010-11-25
Filing date: 2010-11-25
Publication date: 2012-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-25
Also published as: CN101984848A

Abstract

The invention discloses a Tilapia mossambica overwintering feed. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-40% of bean pulp, 0-5% of fish meal, 15-40% of miscellaneous meal, 20-35% of wheat flour, 2-5% of fish oil and 0.03-0.05% of Vitamin E, wherein the miscellaneous meal is one or more of rapeseed meal, cotton seed meal, peanut meal and rice bran meal. The crude protein content and crude fat content of the feed are 25-30% and 5-7% respectively. In the invention, the fish oil containing polyunsaturated fatty acids is used to improve the fat level of the complete feed, thus providing sufficient energy for the Tilapia mossambica; at the same time, the Vitamin E is added properly, thus strengthening ingestion of the vitamin, improving nutrient balance of the Tilapia mossambica, improving the immunity of the Tilapia mossambica, and intensifying the soma and cold and disease resistances of the Tilapia mossambica, thereby ensuring that the Tilapia mossambicas successfully live through the winter and improving the security coefficient of overwintering cultivation.

Description

The living through winter for tilapia feed

Technical field

The present invention relates to Tilapia mossambica and culture the field, relate in particular to a kind of living through winter for tilapia feed.

Background technology

Tilapia mossambica (Oreochromis niloticus x O.aureus) is that Perciformes eel section Tilapia mossambica belongs to; Have that growth and breeding is fast, the culture-cycle is short, feeding habits are wide, the bait requirement is low, disease is few, the strong and seed advantage such as solution easily to environmental suitability; Be the main economic fish in African fresh water and the degree of saltiness water waters, be able in the whole world promote as good breed object.But Tilapia mossambica is a warm water fishes, not anti-low high temperature, and the existence temperature range is 12～35 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 24 ℃～32 ℃, and water temperature drops to 14 ℃ and stops to ingest, just maybe be dead below 12 ℃.Guangxi, Guangdong is that Tilapia mossambica is cultured big the province; Winter temperature can be reduced to about 5 ℃ and kept 3～4 months; Have a large amount of fingerlings, adult fish and parent population to survive the winter during this time, all have some dead over the years, particularly the sleet freeze disaster has brought massive losses for southern Tilapia mossambica aquaculture at the beginning of 2008.Therefore, over wintering becomes the key technical problem that the Tilapia mossambica aquaculture needs to be resolved hurrily.Yet the reason of fish overwinter death is a lot, and except that heredity and water quality factors, nutrient imbalance causes immunity degradation also very important, and so, it is significant to improve its cold hardiness through the nutrition approach.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of living through winter for tilapia feed, improves its disease-resistant and anti-stress ability with the nutrition of strengthening Tilapia mossambica, helps its smooth over wintering, improves survival rate.

Adopt following technical scheme for solving the problems of the technologies described above the present invention: the living through winter for tilapia feed, mainly process by following raw materials by weight percent:

Dregs of beans 20～40%

Fish meal 0～5%

The assorted dregs of rice 15～40%

Wheat flour 20～35%

Fish oil 2～5%

Vitamin E 0.03～0.05%.

The assorted dregs of rice are one or more in rapeseed dregs, the cottonseed dregs of rice, peanut meal, the rice bran meal.

This feed comprises that also percentage by weight is 0～3% phosphatide feed and 1～4% additive, and said additive is the mixture of vitamin and mineral matter.

The crude protein of this feed and crude fat content are respectively 25～30% and 5～7%.

Fortification has bigger influence to Tilapia mossambica growth and survival before surviving the winter, and the present invention promptly contains the fat level of the fish oil raising perfect compound feed of highly unsaturated fatty acid through employing, to Tilapia mossambica sufficient energy is provided; Suitably add vitamin E simultaneously, forced for vitamins is taken in, to improve the disease-resistant and anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica.Therefore, use living through winter for tilapia feed of the present invention, can effectively improve the nutrient balance of Tilapia mossambica, improve its immunity, build up health and cold-resistant resistance against diseases, thereby ensure that Tilapia mossambica survives the winter smoothly, improved the safety coefficient of surviving the winter and culturing.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

Living through winter for tilapia feed, its basic components mainly are following raw materials by weight percent:

Dregs of beans 20%

Fish meal 5%

Rapeseed dregs 20%, the cottonseed dregs of rice 13%, rice bran meal 2.5%

Wheat flour 33%

Fish oil 3.5%

Vitamin E 0.03%.

All the other 2.97% are additive, comprise 1% premix, 1.67% calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.3% salt.

Adopt following method to prepare the living through winter for tilapia feed according to above-mentioned prescription: earlier dregs of beans, fish meal, rapeseed dregs, the cottonseed dregs of rice, rice bran meal to be pulverized respectively; Getting wheat flour then mixes with the raw material that crushes; Add further preparation mixing such as fish oil, vitamin E and additive again, promptly get through modified, granulation.

Crude protein, crude fat, ash content, moisture through measuring the gained feed are respectively 30%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%.

Embodiment 2

Dregs of beans 31%

Fish meal 3%

Rapeseed dregs 8%, rice bran meal 7%, peanut meal 8.5%

Wheat flour 35%

Fish oil 2%

Vitamin E 0.04%

All the other 5.46% are phosphatide feed (2.2%) and additive (3.26%), and additive comprises 1% premix, 1.96% calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.3% salt.

The preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Crude protein, crude fat, ash content, moisture through measuring the gained feed are respectively 28.5%, 5%, 7%, 9.8%.

Embodiment 3

Dregs of beans 25%

Fish meal 2%

Rapeseed dregs 17%, rice bran meal 18%

Wheat flour 28%

Fish oil 5.0%

Vitamin E 0.04%

All the other 4.96% are phosphatide feed (1.9%) and additive (3.06%), and additive comprises 1% premix, 1.76% calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.3% salt.

The preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Crude protein, crude fat, ash content, moisture through measuring the gained feed are respectively 25%, 7%, 8%, 10.5%.

Embodiment 4

Dregs of beans 40%

Fish meal 0%

Rapeseed dregs 10%, rice bran meal 20%

Wheat flour 21.8%

Fish oil 4%

Vitamin E 0.05%

All the other 4.15% are phosphatide feed (1%) and additive (3.15%), and additive comprises 1% premix, 1.85% calcium monohydrogen phosphate and 0.3% salt.

The preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Crude protein, crude fat, ash content, moisture through measuring the gained feed are respectively 27.5%, 5.6%, 7.5%, 11%.

Contrast test

(prescription is dregs of beans 21.7%, fish meal 5%, the dish dregs of rice 15%, cotton dregs 10%, rice bran meal 10%, wheat flour 33%, soya-bean oil 2%, additive 3.3% with Tilapia mossambica normal diet 1; Crude protein and crude fat content are respectively 28%, 3.2%), (prescription is dregs of beans 21%, the dish dregs of rice 15.5%, cotton dregs 10%, rice bran meal 15%, wheat flour 33%, soya-bean oil 1.2%, lard 1.0%, additive 3.3% to normal diet 2; Crude protein and crude fat content are respectively 25%, 3.5%) and embodiment 1 to 4 gained living through winter for tilapia feed compare test, concrete steps are following:

In the pond net box cultivating system; Survive the winter and select the previous moon physique stalwartness, Tilapia mossambica kind that body weight is close and carry out promptly the throw something and feed feed of embodiment 1 to 4 of fortification; And the normal diet 1 and 2 of throwing something and feeding simultaneously compares, and survives the winter to finish the back fish body is counted the comparison of weighing.

Contrast test data such as table 1.

The table 1 Tilapia mossambica normal diet and the feed contrast test overall target table of surviving the winter

Annotate: the same columns value differences that data subscript English alphabet is identical in the table is remarkable (p＞0.05) not.

Comparative test result shows: adopt surviving the winter of living through winter for tilapia feed of the present invention to culture weightening finish and survival rate all is significantly higher than normal diet; This explanation is through improving the mode of feed formula enriched nutritive; Improved the nutrition condition of fingerling; Improve its disease-resistant and anti-stress ability, strengthened physique and the cold-resistant resistance against diseases of fish.

Claims

1. living through winter for tilapia feed is characterized in that this feed of surviving the winter processed by following raw materials by weight percent:

2. living through winter for tilapia feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said assorted dregs of rice are one or more in rapeseed dregs, the cottonseed dregs of rice, peanut meal, the rice bran meal.

3. according to claim 1 or 2 arbitrary described living through winter for tilapia feeds, it is characterized in that: the crude protein of the said feed of surviving the winter and crude fat content are respectively 25～30% and 5～7%.