CN112368123A - 使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法及其装置 - Google Patents

使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法及其装置 Download PDF

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CN112368123A
CN112368123A CN201980037566.2A CN201980037566A CN112368123A CN 112368123 A CN112368123 A CN 112368123A CN 201980037566 A CN201980037566 A CN 201980037566A CN 112368123 A CN112368123 A CN 112368123A
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李济权
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Abstract

本发明涉及使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,其目的在于提供一种利用热固性树脂的固化特性将涂敷离型剂后的干燥工艺与固化工艺合并,以通过连续工序非常迅速地制造出可节省成本的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法。

Description

使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法及其装置
技术领域
本发明涉及使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法及其装置,具体是,利用热固性树脂的固化特性,涂敷离型剂以后,将干燥工序与固化工序合并进行,以通过连续工序可迅速制造的可节省成本的使用热固化树脂的球囊导管制造方法。
背景技术
如周知,所谓的热固性树脂是低分子树脂通过热、催化、紫外线等产生交联反应形成三维网状结构高分子的物质,比较典型的就是硅橡胶。
由于这种热固性树脂的特性,固化前低分子树脂状态下,作为不定型物质,在外力作用下可以变形,但通过热等交联反应成为高分子物质以后,形成不溶及不溶状态,进而固化。
球囊导管(2)是管状的医学器具,插进人体器官后,利用空气注入管(6)使球囊鼓起固定以后,通过排出管(4)或者药物注入管注入药物,或者用于排出各种液态排泄物的器具,普通的球囊导管(2)的结构如图1所示,由用于球囊膨胀或者收缩的空气管腔(Inflation Lumen,6)和用于药物注入或者排出液态排泄物的排出管(Drainage Lumen,4)被一个管被一个管挤压的双重管(2-way)结构的挤压管为主体结构。
所述挤压管是通过挤压器将软质合成树脂挤压制造,将挤压的所述挤压管的空气管腔中既定部位穿孔,然后将单独制作的球囊装上以后粘贴和涂层即可完成,为了注入药物或者排出液态排泄物,在排出管上穿出其它孔,从而导管的主要部分得以完成。
所述导管制造方法是工序复杂,且制造成本高,因此目前出现的一种技术是如专利注册号10-0333264和10-0434720的球囊导管制造方法中所示,通过进一步改进工序,将球囊的组装、粘贴、涂层过程去掉。
所述10-0333264是,通过使用液态硅胶的浸渍工序形成球囊,在球囊固化之前,若不使导管与海水面准确保持垂直状态,则球囊的对称性发生问题,因非对称球囊而频繁发生不良,需较敏感地控制工序,否则无法量产。
所述10-0434720是,将如图1所示剖面的挤压管先挤压得比最终成品的粗度更薄以后(下称一次挤压),切割成适当长度,然后通过穿孔、涂敷离型剂、离型剂干燥以及覆盖挤压(下称二次挤压),从而制造出球囊被装在管内的导管。该方法去掉了有关球囊的复杂工序,比现有的方法简单,但需要空气管腔穿孔、涂敷离型剂以及干燥工序,将一次挤压管切割加工是必然的,因此其作业工序间断,无法连续生产,导致制造成本依然偏高。
专利注册编号10-0689238是弥补所述10-043720的缺陷,提出了连续生产方式,但该专利存在的问题在于,用激光将空气管腔穿孔时,在穿孔部位留下烟灰,制造工序中管上有着火的危险,涂敷离型剂后的干燥工序没有具体化。
为弥补这些问题,申请编号10-2017-89480是改变内部形状,去掉了空气管腔的穿孔工序,以热风集中方式将干燥工序在几秒内完成。但,该方法只不过是以自动化方式实现了现有人工操作方式的加工工序,一次挤压、涂敷离型剂、离型剂干燥以及二次挤压工序本身依然被保留下来,还需要投资自动化设备,在节省制造成本方面并不存在优势。
此外,申请编号10-2017-37885中提供的方法是,将挤压一次的管放入二次挤压机实施覆盖挤压,在挤压机模具末端部分控制粘贴诱导管或者粘贴防止管的位置,将球囊部分和主体部分的管分区段连续生产。但,该方法是由于粘贴诱导管或者粘贴防止管本身的厚度,无法适当确保球囊的厚度。
例如,球囊的厚度是每个导管制造商都不一样,但一般在0.35mm~0.5mm左右。所述发明中建议的生产方式是先将一次挤压管生产出以后投放到二次挤压机,因此一次挤压管的外径已被确定的状态下被投放到二次挤压机。然后粘贴防止管在二次挤压材料和一次挤压管之间往返反复生产球囊和主体,因此粘贴防止管的内径须大于一次挤压管的外径,一次管才能顺利地进入二次挤压机用于生产。
由于所述的内径大于一次挤压管外径的粘贴防止管以及其管的厚度,被球囊的软性材料覆盖的外层至少要保留相当于粘贴防止管厚度的空间进行挤压,二次挤压后最终粗度取决于二次挤压机的外部模具以及既定的导管最终粗度,因此无法变更。
因此球囊的厚度只能变薄与粘贴防止管的厚度相当,而粘贴防止管太薄,则粘贴防止管本身的耐久性得不到保证,无法批量生产,太粗则球囊层变薄,导致球囊容量达不到要求。为解决这一问题,首次放入的一次管的厚度只能与粘贴防止管的厚度相当地薄,而且通过该方法也不能制造得无限薄,因此该发明不适用于薄度在一定水平以下的导管。
最后,为解决所述申请编号10-2017-37885的问题,申请编号10-2017-0165637中建议,可以在一次挤压管未固化的状态下,与二次挤压材料一起通过可变模具挤压制造,但该方法是,在一次挤压管尚未固化的时点通过与粘贴防止管概念相似的可变模具,一次挤压管的粗度和粘贴防止管的厚度不受限制,从而解决所述申请编号10-2017-37885的问题。但使用可变模具形成球囊时,如果在挤压机模具末端部分不能直接固化,则一次挤压材料和二次挤压材料相互接触而形成球囊,因此吐出后无法立即为固化而将挤压速度加快至某种程度以上。其直接涉及生产速度,导致单位成本增加。
所述的现有技术是,如上所述,制造工序复杂,制造成本高,或者由于各种限制条件,其适用性也会受限,因此特别需要改进。
发明内容
技术问题
鉴于上述的现有技术上存在问题,本发明提供一种使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,其利用热固性树脂的固化特性,涂敷离型剂以后,将干燥工序与固化工序合并进行,通过连续工序,可以非常迅速地制造而具有节省成本。
技术方案
为实现所述目的,本发明提供使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,根据本发明的优选实施例,其特征是,a)在空气管腔(16)的外周缘上挤压向长度方向形成的一次管(14)生产的过程;b)以非接触方式喷射离型剂,在一次管(14)外周缘的既定部一定区段上交替涂敷离型剂的过程;c)利用加热器使树脂热固化以及离型剂干燥的过程;d)将球囊材料包在所述一次管(14)的外部,制造出反复形成球囊的长方向球囊导管(50)。
优选地,所述b)过程中还包括:喷射离型剂时通过喷射限制膜(26)区分喷射区和非喷射区的过程。
优选地,还包括:通过所述喷射限制膜(26)上形成的吸入孔(34)间歇吸入离型剂喷射残量的过程。
优选地,还包括:在所述喷射限制膜(26)上设置热线,使累积下来的离型剂残量蒸发的过程。
另一方面,本发明提供使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造装置,其特征是,包括:为制造一次管(14)将热固性树脂对管制造模具(8)挤压的一次挤压机(20);设于所述管制造模具(8)的后端,将离型剂交替涂敷到所述一次管(14)的外周缘既定部位的离型剂喷射装置(22);使通过所述离型剂喷射装置(22)的一次管(14)以及被涂敷的离型剂固化及干燥的一次加热器(38);在通过所述一次加热器(38)的管的外周缘上通过包皮模具(41)将包皮层(46)挤压覆盖住的二次挤压机(40);使包皮层形成的管固化的二次加热器(42)。
优选地,所述离型剂喷射装置(22)是由喷射离型剂的喷嘴(24)和;为限制被该喷嘴(24)喷射的离型剂喷射范围而弯曲的喷射限制膜(26)组成。
优选地,所述喷射限制膜(26)上还增设有:内部以管路形状形成的吸入管路(32)和;在该吸入管路(32)的内侧面形成多个并吸入离型剂残量的吸入孔(34)和;该吸入管路(32)和连接真空泵用于将负压施加到该吸入管路(32)的软管(36)形成的离型剂残量回收装置(30)。
优选地,所述喷射限制膜(26)还包括:使累积于该内部既定部位的离型剂残量蒸发的加热装置。
有益效果
根据本发明的使用热固性的球囊导管制造方法,其有益效果在于,将一次管固化后直接投入二次挤压机而完成球囊导管,与经过其它工序的方法相比,可以节省制造时间和费用,与使用可变模具等制造的方法相比,可以更快生产。而且工序上没有待机时间,从而预防污染引起的不良现象。
附图说明
图1是现有的具有双重管结构的球囊导管的横剖视图;
图2是图示本发明一实施例的一次挤压管的横剖视图;
图3a是本发明一实施例的使用喷射限制膜的喷涂工序的示例;
图3b是图示离型剂涂敷装置和喷射限制膜结构的示意图;
图4是本发明的一实施例的设置离型剂残量回收装置的示例;
图5是本发明一实施例的二次挤压工艺的模具剖视图和制造状态的示例;
图6是本发明一实施例的二次挤压已完成的管的各区段剖视图;
图7是本发明一实施例的整体设备结构图。
符号说明
8:管制造模具; 9:中空部;
10:外部模具; 12:排出管形成模具;
13:空气管腔形成凸块; 14:一次管;
20:一次挤压机; 22:离型剂涂敷装置;
24:喷嘴; 26:喷射限制膜;
30:离型剂残量回收装置; 32:吸入管路;
34:吸入孔; 36:软管;
38:一次加热器; 40:二次挤压机;
41:包皮模具; 42:二次加热器;
50:球囊导管。
具体实施方式
通过压缩面(无图示)等吸入装置,给所述吸入管路(32)间歇施加负压,则可以通过所述吸入孔(34)吸入从所述喷射限制膜(26)的内壁上流下来的离型剂残量。
根据本发明的又另一实施例,提供一种将所述喷射限制膜(26)本身加热使喷射的离型剂限制膜(26)累积部分即时蒸发的方法。就是说,喷射限制膜(26)的既定部上设置热线(无图示),加热至离型剂的沸点以上,则喷射的离型剂残量接触到喷射限制膜(26)的同时立即蒸发,因而不会引起不良现象。
该方法是,可以通过喷射限制膜(26)的热将一次管(14)固化至某种程度,因此其优点在于,可以减少涂敷以后一次加热器(38)的负载。
所述离型剂的喷射涂敷工序是考虑管的挤压速度,以每一定长度的管喷射涂敷或者按一定间隔喷射涂敷的方式反复执行。
然后,按一定间隔涂敷离型剂的未固化管被投放至一次加热器(38)。该加热器(38)一般达到600°左右,以未接触到管的状态用辐射及对流的方式加热管,使热固化材料发生交联反应而固化。此时,所述喷射涂敷的离型剂也充分受热而干燥。
离型剂干燥并固化以后的一次管(14)是被放入具有图5所示结构的二次挤压机(40)后用球囊材料被包皮。所述一次管(14)是通过之前的工序,固化和离型剂干燥已得以完成,不需其它加工,可以直接放入二次挤压机(40)生产出球囊导管(50)。
在二次挤压机(40)上被包皮形成的包皮层(46)的球囊材料也是热固化性树脂,因此二次挤压机(40)以后再经过另一二次加热器(42),使二次挤压材料固化。这也是与设置于所述一次挤压机(20)上的加热器(38)结构相似,即使以非接触状态使球囊材料固化,但可以完成如图6所示的球囊导管反复连接的管。将该管根据以上设定的离型剂涂敷区段适当切割,则球囊导管最终得以完成。
如果切割的适当长度的设定因球囊导管(50)本身的弹性而发生误差,不能稳定地生产优质品时,则可以用摄像头对涂敷离型剂的区段进行检测切割,或者为了进一步明确区分,在上述的离型剂喷射涂敷工序中包含喷墨工序,在连续生产出管以后检测墨的部分切割后,将被印墨的部分可以废弃。
终上所述,根据本发明的优选实施例,如图7所示,可以利用以上说明的优选实施例的设备快速简单地制造出球囊导管(50)。
根据本发明的实施例,使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法并不限于以上说明的实施例,可以进行诸多变更,而这些变更,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,其特征在于,
a)在空气管腔(16)的外周缘上挤压向长度方向形成的一次管(14)生产的过程;
b)以非接触方式喷射离型剂,在一次管(14)外周缘的既定部一定区段上交替涂敷离型剂的过程;
c)利用加热器使树脂热固化以及离型剂干燥的过程;
d)将球囊材料包在所述一次管(14)的外部,制造出反复形成球囊的长方向球囊导管(50)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,其特征在于,
所述b)过程中还包括:喷射离型剂时通过喷射限制膜(26)区分喷射区和非喷射区的过程。
3.根据权利要求2所述的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,其特征在于,
还包括:通过所述喷射限制膜(26)上形成的吸入孔(34)间歇吸入离型剂喷射残量的过程。
4.根据权利要求2所述的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造方法,其特征在于,
还包括:在所述喷射限制膜(26)上设置热线,使累积下来的离型剂残量蒸发的过程。
5.一种使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造装置,其特征在于,包括:
为制造一次管(14)将热固性树脂对管制造模具(8)挤压的一次挤压机(20);
设于所述管制造模具(8)的后端,将离型剂交替涂敷到所述一次管(14)的外周缘既定部位的离型剂喷射装置(22);
使通过所述离型剂喷射装置(22)的一次管(14)以及被涂敷的离型剂固化及干燥的一次加热器(38);
在通过所述一次加热器(38)的管的外周缘上通过包皮模具(41)将包皮层(46)挤压覆盖住的二次挤压机(40);
使包皮层形成的管固化的二次加热器(42)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造装置,其特征在于,
所述离型剂喷射装置(22)是由喷射离型剂的喷嘴(24)和;为限制被该喷嘴(24)喷射的离型剂喷射范围而弯曲的喷射限制膜(26)组成。
7.根据权利要求6所述的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造装置,其特征在于,
所述喷射限制膜(26)上还增设有:内部以管路形状形成的吸入管路(32)和;
在所述吸入管路(32)的内侧面形成多个并吸入离型剂残量的吸入孔(34)和;
所述吸入管路(32)和连接真空泵用于将负压施加到所述吸入管路(32)的软管(36)形成的离型剂残量回收装置(30)。
8.根据权利要求6所述的使用热固性树脂的球囊导管制造装置,其特征在于,
所述喷射限制膜(26)还包括:使累积于该内部既定部位的离型剂残量蒸发的加热装置。
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