CN112358288A - Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 h at 600-700 ℃, cooling with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder; putting 70-80 wt% of high-carbon ferrochromium slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill, ball-milling, pre-pressing for forming, crushing, screening, mechanically pressing for forming and drying; and (3) placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3 h to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag. The method has the advantages of high recycling rate of the industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochromium slag, improvement of resource utilization of the high-carbon ferrochromium slag, environmental protection, harmlessness, excellent thermal shock resistance of the prepared product and small harm of chromium ions to the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forsterite-spinel ceramics. In particular to forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-carbon ferrochromium slag is industrial solid waste produced in the process of smelting ferrochromium alloy, and belongs to general industrial waste. Due to the enlargement of the rows, the utilization rate of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is only 30 percent at present, and most of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is stacked in the open air. How to effectively utilize the huge amount of secondary resources, manufacture high value-added products and reduce environmental pollution is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
At present, the research on the application of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag to building materials mainly uses the high-carbon ferrochrome slag to prepare mortar. Such as 'new grading optimization method of ferrochrome slag and influence on mortar performance' (Hangzhou beautiful, Pengzhanjuan, Guo beautiful plum, new grading optimization method of ferrochrome slag and influence on mortar performance [ J]Concrete and cement products, 2020, (3): pp96-99.) the high-carbon ferrochromium slag has the characteristics of high hardness, stable structure and the like, and is used as mortar for paving. However, because the high-carbon ferrochromium slag contains a small amount of unseparated ferrochromium alloy, if the high-carbon ferrochromium slag is exposed to the air for a long time, the ferrochromium alloy is inevitably oxidized into toxic chromium ions (Cr)3+、Cr6+) Causing secondary pollution, the building materials do not solve the potential threat.
The research of the application of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in the refractory materials mainly utilizes the high-carbon ferrochrome slag to prepare a tundish dry material and an aluminum-magnesium castable. If part of ferrochrome slag is used in the dry material of the magnesium tundish (Weiyu et al. influence of ferrochrome slag on the performance of the dry material of the magnesium tundish [ J ]. silicate report, 2020, 39 (4): pp 1237-1242.); mixing part of the ferrochrome slag fine powder, cement, magnesia fine powder and the like according to a proportion to prepare an aluminum-magnesium castable, (Zhang Shaohua and the like, and research on the preparation and performance of the aluminum-magnesium castable of the chromium-doped iron slag [ J ]. refractory material 2014, (6): pp436-438 and 442.). Although the performance is improved by the forsterite and the spinel contained in the high-carbon ferrochrome slag, the addition amount of the ferrochrome slag does not exceed 20 wt%.
Forsterite is a silicate mineral with high strength, and has a theoretical composition of 2 MgO. SiO2. The forsterite has high melting point (1910 ℃), and high strength, so that the forsterite ceramic is widely applied to metallurgy, thermal engineering and casting industries. But the weak point of the forsterite material is that the thermal expansion coefficient is large, so that the thermal shock resistance of the forsterite ceramic is poor,preventing applications in many fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and aims to provide a method for preparing forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag, which can improve the resource utilization of high-carbon ferrochrome slag waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 hours at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And secondly, mixing 70-80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180-250 microns; and then, carrying out machine pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 100-110 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30-60 s, and drying at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ for 12-24 h to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2233 to 37 wt%; 23-27 wt% of MgO; al (Al)2O325 to 27 wt%; cr (chromium) component2O37 to 9 wt%; fe2O31 to 4 wt%; CaO in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 wt%
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: 93-95 wt% of MgO and SiO2Is 1.0 &1.5 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.0-99.5 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1-1.5.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 5-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60 s.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) the raw materials adopted by the invention have the content of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag of more than 70wt percent, effectively solve the outstanding problems of large stacking amount and difficult treatment of industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochrome slag, play roles in preventing pollution, utilizing waste, saving energy and reducing consumption, obviously improve the resource utilization of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag waste, and have obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
(2) The invention utilizes the characteristics that the high-carbon ferrochrome slag contains a large amount of forsterite, spinel and the like, magnesium oxide fine powder and aluminum oxide fine powder are introduced to synthesize magnesium aluminate spinel in situ, chromium with similar ionic radius can be dissolved in solid solution during growth to form magnesium aluminate chromium spinel, and the thermal shock resistance of the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is obviously improved by synthesizing a forsterite-spinel material with small thermal expansion coefficient.
(3) The method solves the problem that the ferrochrome which is not separated from the high-carbon ferrochrome slag can be oxidized into toxic chromium ions to threaten the environment, and the detection result shows that the total chromium concentration of the prepared forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is less than 0.5mg/L and far lower than the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification), so that the method is environment-friendly and harmless.
Therefore, the method has high recycling rate of the industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochromium slag, improves the resource utilization of the high-carbon ferrochromium slag, is environment-friendly and harmless, and has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit; the prepared forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochromium slag has excellent thermal shock resistance and can reduce the harm of chromium ions to the environment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting its scope.
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 hours at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And secondly, mixing 70-80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180-250 microns; and then, carrying out machine pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 100-110 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30-60 s, and drying at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ for 12-24 h to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2233 to 37 wt%; 23-27 wt% of MgO; al (Al)2O325 to 27 wt%; cr (chromium) component2O37 to 9 wt%; fe2O31 to 4 wt%; CaO in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 wt%
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: 93-95 wt% of MgO and SiO21.0 to 1.5 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.0-99.5 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1-1.5.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 5-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60 s.
Example 1
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2 hours at 600 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And step two, mixing 70 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 25 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 5 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 4 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the particle size of 180 mu m; and then, carrying out mechanical pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 100MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30s, and drying at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 12h to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2234.9 wt%, MgO 24.1 wt%, Al2O325.8 wt%, Cr2O38.1 wt% of Fe2O33.9 wt% and CaO 0.99 wt%.
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: 93.2 wt% of MgO and SiO21.1 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.03 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 5MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30 s.
Example 2
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2 hours at the temperature of 620 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And step two, mixing 70 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 15 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 5 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 200 mu m; and then, carrying out mechanical pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 100MPa, maintaining the pressure for 40s, and drying at 120 ℃ for 15h to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 920 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2236.9 wt%, MgO 23.1 wt%, Al2O325.9 wt%, Cr2O37.9 wt% Fe2O33.1 wt% and CaO 0.95 wt%.
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: MgO 93.8 wt%, SiO21.15 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.19 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-material ratio of the ball mill is 1: 1.1.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 6MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 35 s.
Example 3
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2.5 hours at 640 ℃, cooling with the furnace, crushing and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And step two, mixing 75 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 17 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 8 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 6 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 220 microns; and then, carrying out mechanical pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 105MPa, maintaining the pressure for 40s, and drying for 17h at the temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 940 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2.5h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2236 wt%, MgO 24.9 wt%, Al2O325.1 wt%, Cr2O38.2 wt.% of Fe2O32.7 wt% and CaO 0.92 wt%.
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: MgO 94.2 wt%, SiO21.22 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.23 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1.2.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 7MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 40 s.
Example 4
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2.5 hours at 660 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And step two, mixing 73 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 20 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 7 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 7 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the particle size of 240 microns; and then, carrying out mechanical pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 105MPa, maintaining the pressure for 50s, and drying for 19h at the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 960 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, heating to 1220 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2235.5 wt%, MgO 25.4 wt%, Al2O326.4 wt%, Cr2O37.2 wt.% of Fe2O32.5 wt% and CaO 0.88 wt%.
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: MgO 94.5 wt%, SiO21.29 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.31 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1.3.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 8MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 45 s.
Example 5
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 680 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And step two, mixing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with 74 wt%, the magnesium oxide fine powder with 16 wt% and the aluminum oxide fine powder with 10 wt%, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screening material with the granularity of 250 microns; and then, carrying out machine pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 110MPa, maintaining the pressure for 60s, and drying for 21h at the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 980 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, heating to 1240 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2.5h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2234.2 wt%, MgO 26.1 wt%, Al2O326.9 wt%, Cr2O38.7 wt.% of Fe2O31.1 wt% and CaO 0.81 wt%.
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: MgO 94.7 wt%, SiO21.39 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.39 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1.4.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 9MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 50 s.
Example 6
A forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochromium slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the embodiment is as follows:
step one, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
And step two, mixing 80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 5 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screening material with the granularity of 250 microns; and then, carrying out mechanical pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 110MPa, maintaining the pressure for 60s, and drying for 24h at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2233.1 wt%, MgO 26.9 wt%, Al2O326.3 wt%, Cr2O38.9 wt.% of Fe2O31.7 wt% and CaO 0.85 wt%.
The chemical composition of the magnesium oxide fine powder is as follows: MgO 94.8 wt%, SiO21.49 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
Al of the fine alumina powder2O3The content is 99.47 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1: 1.5.
And pre-pressing and forming: the pressure is 10MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60 s.
Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following positive effects:
(1) the raw materials of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag adopted by the specific embodiment account for more than 70 wt%, so that the outstanding problems of large stacking amount and difficult treatment of industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochrome slag are effectively solved, the effects of preventing pollution, utilizing waste, saving energy and reducing consumption are achieved, the resource utilization of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag waste is obviously improved, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.
(2) The specific implementation mode utilizes the characteristic that high-carbon ferrochrome slag contains a large amount of forsterite, spinel and the like, magnesium oxide fine powder and aluminum oxide fine powder are introduced to synthesize magnesium aluminate spinel in situ, chromium with similar ionic radius can be dissolved in solid solution to form magnesium aluminate chromium spinel during growth, and the thermal shock resistance of the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is obviously improved by synthesizing a forsterite-spinel material with a small thermal expansion coefficient.
(3) The specific implementation mode solves the problem that the ferrochrome which is not separated from the high-carbon ferrochrome slag can be oxidized into toxic chromium ions to threaten the environment, and the detection result shows that the total chromium concentration of the prepared forsterite-spinel ceramic leaching based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is less than 0.5mg/L and far lower than the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification), so that the environment-friendly effect is realized.
Therefore, the specific embodiment has high recycling rate of the industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochromium slag, improves the resource utilization of the high-carbon ferrochromium slag, is environment-friendly and harmless, and has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit; the prepared forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochromium slag has excellent thermal shock resistance and can reduce the harm of chromium ions to the environment.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
placing high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 h at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.088 mm;
secondly, mixing 70-80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochromium slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochromium slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder in a ball mill, and performing ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain a ball grinding material;
thirdly, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milled material, crushing the molded blank, and screening to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180-250 microns; then, carrying out machine pressing molding on the sieved material under the condition of 100-110 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30-60 s, and drying at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ for 12-24 h to obtain a dried blank;
and step four, placing the dried blank body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
2. The method for preparing the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is as follows: SiO 2233 to 37 wt%, MgO 23 to 27 wt%, Al2O325 to 27 wt% of Cr2O37 to 9 wt% of Fe2O31 to 4 wt% and 0.8 to 1.0 wt% of CaO.
3. The method for preparing forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high carbon ferrochrome slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of said magnesium oxide fine powder is: 93-95 wt% of MgO and SiO21.0 to 1.5 wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
4. The method of preparing a high carbon ferrochrome slag-based forsterite-spinel ceramic according to claim 1, wherein said alumina fine powder of Al is2O3The content is 99.0-99.5 wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088 mm.
5. The method for preparing the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, wherein the ball-milling ratio of balls to materials is 1: 1-1.5.
6. The method for preparing forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high carbon ferrochrome slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-press forming: the pressure is 5-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60 s.
7. A high-carbon ferrochromium slag-based forsterite-spinel ceramic, characterized in that the high-carbon ferrochromium slag-based forsterite-spinel ceramic is a high-carbon ferrochromium slag-based forsterite-spinel ceramic prepared by the method for preparing a high-carbon ferrochromium slag-based forsterite-spinel ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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