CN112250435A - Forsterite spherical sand and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Forsterite spherical sand and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112250435A CN112250435A CN202011140239.0A CN202011140239A CN112250435A CN 112250435 A CN112250435 A CN 112250435A CN 202011140239 A CN202011140239 A CN 202011140239A CN 112250435 A CN112250435 A CN 112250435A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/20—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in magnesium oxide, e.g. forsterite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
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- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides forsterite spherical sand and a preparation method and application thereof. The forsterite spherical sand has the advantages of low angular coefficient, round and regular grain shape, compact surface, no holes, high sand core strength, low thermal expansion rate, alkaline chemical property and the like, and is not easy to MnO in high manganese steel molten metal2The chemical reaction takes place, and reuse rate is high simultaneously, not only can satisfy the casting needs, can also reduce the use amount of casting binder, when reducing casting cost, effectively reduces the emission of casting industry waste gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision casting materials, in particular to forsterite spherical sand and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
High manganese steel (ZGMn)13) Is high alloy steel with manganese content of about 13 percent. The wear-resistant steel has good work hardening performance, is used under the working condition that an impact abrasive is worn, particularly under strong load impact, has excellent wear resistance and good toughness, and is a universal wear-resistant steel in all countries in the world. It is widely used in metallurgy, mine, electric machinery, railway transportation, engineering machinery and other fields.
Because the manganese content of the high manganese steel is high, the molten steel is alkaline, so when casting, if the traditional quartz sand is used, the SiO in the quartz sand is acidic material2MnO in alkaline high manganese steel metal liquid is very easy to react with2Chemical reaction occurs to generate compounds with low melting point, thereby causing serious chemical sand adhesion, influencing the surface smoothness of the casting and even causing the rejection of the casting.
At present, during smelting or casting of high manganese steel, natural forsterite sand is mostly adopted as a molding material to prevent chemical sand sticking, for example, patent CN 104557081A is a special refractory brick for a foundry ladle for preventing chemical sand sticking, and a refractory brick made of rich forsterite and corundum as bases can prevent chemical sand sticking. The adopted forsterite-rich and corundum has high purity and high price. Mainly solves the problem of sand sticking of the furnace. The natural forsterite sand is often used as a molding material in casting, however, the natural forsterite sand is formed by crushing, most of the sand is in a sharp-angle shape, the angular coefficient is large, the crushing rate is high in the using process, the recovery rate is low, and meanwhile, as the natural forsterite sand has many surface holes, the required binder amount is large, the sand core strength is low, and the using range is greatly limited.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of forsterite spherical sand, which is a method for artificially synthesizing forsterite spherical sand.
A second object of the present invention is toProvides the forsterite spherical sand which has the advantages of low angular coefficient, round and regular particle shape, compact surface, no holes, high sand core strength, low thermal expansion rate, alkaline chemical property and the like, and is not easy to MnO in high manganese steel molten metal2Chemical reaction occurs, and the repeated utilization rate is high.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the forsterite spherical sand in the process of casting the high manganese steel, wherein the forsterite spherical sand can meet the casting requirement, reduce the use amount of a casting binder and the casting cost and effectively reduce the emission of waste gas in the casting industry.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
a preparation method of forsterite spherical sand comprises the following steps:
(a) uniformly mixing the raw material powder, granulating, spraying a binder in the granulating process, and polishing to obtain a green body ball;
the raw materials comprise magnesite, quartz sand and fluxing agent, and MgO and SiO in the raw materials2The molar ratio of (A) is more than or equal to 2: 1, the addition amount of the fluxing agent is 1-5% of the mass of the raw material powder;
(b) and (b) drying, screening and sintering the green compact ball obtained in the step (a) to obtain the forsterite spherical sand.
Preferably, in step (a), the raw powder has a particle size of less than 400 mesh.
Preferably, in step (a), the MgO content in the magnesite is more than or equal to 45 wt%.
Preferably, in step (a), SiO is contained in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 90 wt%.
Preferably, in the step (a), the fluxing agent comprises one or more of nickel slag, bauxite and kaolin; more preferably, the content of CaO in the nickel slag is not more than 4 wt%, and Al is2O3The content is less than or equal to 5wt percent.
Preferably, in step (a), the binder comprises at least one of PVA, water-soluble resin, silica sol, water glass, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and pulp waste; more preferably, the mass concentration of the binder is 0.3% to 3%.
Preferably, in the step (b), the mesh number of the green pellets after screening is 30 to 140 meshes.
Preferably, in the step (b), the sintering temperature is 1350-1550 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-3 h.
The forsterite spherical sand prepared by the preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand.
The application of the forsterite spherical sand in casting high manganese steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a preparation method of forsterite spherical sand, which is a method for artificially synthesizing forsterite spherical sand.
(2) The forsterite spherical sand provided by the invention has the advantages of low angular coefficient, round and regular particle shape, compact surface, no hole, high sand core strength, low thermal expansion rate, alkaline chemical property and the like, and is not easy to be MnO in high manganese steel molten metal2Chemical reaction occurs, and the repeated utilization rate is high.
(3) The application of the forsterite spherical sand in the process of casting the high manganese steel can meet the casting requirement, reduce the use amount of a casting binder and the casting cost, and effectively reduce the discharge amount of waste gas in the casting industry.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described examples are some, not all, of the examples of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) magnesite, quartz sand and a fluxing agent are respectively crushed into powder, and the fineness of the powder is required to be 400-mesh sieved objects, namely powder materials with the particle size of less than 0.038 mm;
(2) the three powder materials are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the mixture requires MgO and SiO in the mixture2The molar ratio of (A) is more than or equal to 2: 1, uniformly mixing the powder by using a mixer, wherein the main raw materials are magnesite and quartz sand, and the fluxing agent comprises one or a combination of more of nickel slag, bauxite and kaolin;
wherein, the MgO content in the magnesite is more than or equal to 45wt percent (for example, more than or equal to 45wt percent, more than or equal to 50wt percent, more than or equal to 65wt percent, more than or equal to 80wt percent); SiO in quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 90wt percent (more than or equal to 90wt percent, more than or equal to 95wt percent, and more than or equal to 98wt percent); CaO content is less than or equal to 4 wt%, Al2O3The content is less than or equal to 5 wt%;
(3) putting a certain amount of mixed raw materials into a granulator, spraying atomized binder into the granulator, wherein the mass concentration of the binder is 0.3% -3% (such as 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%) of one or more mixed aqueous solutions of PVA, water-soluble resin, silica sol, water glass, hydroxymethyl cellulose, pulp waste liquid and the like, adding a certain amount of mixed powder in batches according to the dry and wet process of the materials in the granulator until the granularity of the green pellets is qualified, and then polishing the green pellets in the granulator for 20-30 min (such as 20min, 25min, 30 min);
(4) drying the green pellets, preferably drying the green pellets in a dryer, wherein the heat source for drying can be preheating of a rotary kiln;
(5) screening the dried green body, wherein the green body balls with 30-140 meshes are used as qualified products to enter the next working procedure, and the green body balls with more than 30 meshes and less than 140 meshes are crushed and scattered and then returned to the mixture for continuous granulation;
(6) placing the screened qualified green body balls in a high-temperature box type furnace or a rotary kiln for sintering, wherein the high-temperature box type furnace sintering is used for developing a formula, the rotary kiln is used for batch production, the sintering temperature is 1350-1550 ℃ (such as 1350 ℃, 1400 ℃, 1450 ℃, 1500 ℃, 1550 ℃), the preferred sintering temperature is 1400-1500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-3 h (such as 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h and 3h), and the green body balls are cooled in a cooler after sintering;
(7) the cooled sand is subjected to screening classification to obtain forsterite spherical sand for casting with specifications of 30/50, 40/70, 50/100, 70/140 and the like.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
The magnesite used in the examples provided by the invention has a MgO content of 44%, and the quartz sand has SiO293% in content, 28% in MgO content in nickel slag, and SiO2The content is 40 percent.
Example 1
The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and milling: preparing magnesite ore, quartz sand and nickel ore slag into fine powder with the granularity of less than 400 meshes;
2) and (3) preparing materials: taking raw materials of magnesite powder, quartz powder and nickel ore slag powder, respectively measuring the raw materials according to the molar ratio of MgO: SiO 22Not less than 2: 1, taking 72 parts of magnesite powder, 25 parts of quartz powder and 3 parts of nickel ore slag powder for proportioning, and uniformly mixing in a mixer;
3) and granulating: putting a certain amount of the mixture into a granulator, spraying atomized binder into the granulator, wherein the binder is PVA water solution with mass concentration of 0.5%, starting granulation, adding dry powder in batches according to the dry-wet process of the material in the granulation process, adding the dry powder for ten times, closing the binder solution after the dry powder is added, and polishing the green pellets for 30 min;
4) and drying: placing the green pellets in a dryer for drying, wherein the drying adopts the waste heat of a rotary kiln;
5) and screening: screening out green body balls of 30-140 meshes through a drum screen to be burnt, and crushing and scattering the rest parts to return to the mixture for continuous granulation;
6) and sintering: placing the screened qualified green body balls into a rotary kiln for sintering at 1400 ℃, wherein the sintering time is 3 hours, and cooling the green body balls in a cooler after sintering;
7) and screening gradation: the cooled sand was classified into fractions to obtain sintered forsterite spherical sand for casting of 30/50, 40/70, 50/100 and 70/140, respectively.
The technical indexes of the forsterite spherical sand prepared in example 1 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 technical indices of forsterite spherical sand of example 1
In summary, the forsterite spherical sands with different specifications provided in the embodiment 1 of the present application have the advantages of low angular coefficient, round grain shape, compact surface, no hole, high sand core strength, low thermal expansion rate, alkaline chemical properties, and the like, and are not easy to be added into high manganese steel molten metal2Chemical reaction occurs, and the repeated utilization rate is high.
Example 2
The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and milling: preparing magnesite ore, quartz sand and nickel ore slag into fine powder with the granularity of less than 400 meshes;
2) mixing the materials: taking raw materials of magnesite powder, quartz powder and nickel ore slag powder, respectively measuring the raw materials according to the molar ratio of MgO: SiO 22Not less than 2: 1, taking 60 parts of magnesite powder, 20 parts of quartz powder and 1 part of nickel ore slag powder for proportioning, and uniformly mixing in a mixer;
3) and granulating: putting a certain amount of the mixture into a granulator, spraying atomized binder into the granulator, wherein the binder is PVA aqueous solution with mass concentration of 0.3%, starting granulation, adding dry powder in batches according to the dry-wet process of the material in the granulation process, adding the dry powder for ten times, closing the binder solution after the dry powder is added, and polishing the green pellets for 20 min;
4) and drying: placing the green pellets in a dryer for drying, wherein the drying adopts the waste heat of a rotary kiln;
5) and screening: screening out green body balls of 30-140 meshes through a drum screen to be burnt, and crushing and scattering the rest parts to return to the mixture for continuous granulation;
6) and sintering: placing the screened qualified green body balls into a rotary kiln for sintering at 1350 ℃ for 3 hours, and cooling in a cooler after sintering;
7) and screening gradation: the cooled sand was classified into fractions to obtain sintered forsterite spherical sand for casting of 30/50, 40/70, 50/100 and 70/140, respectively.
Example 3
The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and milling: preparing magnesite ore, quartz sand and nickel ore slag into fine powder with the granularity of less than 400 meshes;
2) and (3) preparing materials: taking raw materials of magnesite powder, quartz powder and nickel ore slag powder, respectively measuring the raw materials according to the molar ratio of MgO: SiO 22Not less than 2: 1, taking 80 parts of magnesite powder, 30 parts of quartz powder and 5 parts of nickel ore slag powder for proportioning, and uniformly mixing in a mixer;
3) and granulating: putting a certain amount of the mixture into a granulator, spraying atomized binder into the granulator, wherein the binder is PVA aqueous solution with mass concentration of 3%, starting granulation, adding dry powder in batches according to the dry-wet process of the material in the granulation process, adding the dry powder for ten times, closing the binder solution after the dry powder is added, and polishing the green pellets for 20 min;
4) and drying: placing the green pellets in a dryer for drying, wherein the drying adopts the waste heat of a rotary kiln;
5) and screening: screening out green body balls of 30-140 meshes through a drum screen to be burnt, and crushing and scattering the rest parts to return to the mixture for continuous granulation;
6) and sintering: placing the screened qualified green pellets into a rotary kiln for sintering at 1550 ℃, wherein the sintering time is 1 hour, and cooling the sintered green pellets in a cooler;
7) and screening gradation: the cooled sand was classified into fractions to obtain sintered forsterite spherical sand for casting of 30/50, 40/70, 50/100 and 70/140, respectively.
Example 4
The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and milling: preparing magnesite ore, quartz sand and nickel ore slag into fine powder with the granularity of less than 400 meshes;
2) and (3) preparing materials: taking raw materials of magnesite powder, quartz powder and nickel ore slag powder, respectively measuring the raw materials according to the molar ratio of MgO: SiO 22Not less than 2: 1, taking 70 parts of magnesite powder, 25 parts of quartz powder and 3 parts of nickel ore slag powder for proportioning, and uniformly mixing in a mixer;
3) and granulating: putting a certain amount of the mixture into a granulator, spraying atomized binder into the granulator, wherein the binder is water glass solution with the mass concentration of 1%, starting granulation, adding dry powder in batches according to the dry-wet process of the materials in the granulation process, adding the dry powder for ten times, closing the binder solution after the dry powder is added, and polishing the green pellets for 25 min;
4) and drying: placing the green pellets in a dryer for drying, wherein the drying adopts the waste heat of a rotary kiln;
5) and screening: screening out green body balls of 30-140 meshes through a drum screen to be burnt, and crushing and scattering the rest parts to return to the mixture for continuous granulation;
6) and sintering: placing the screened qualified green body balls into a rotary kiln for sintering at 1500 ℃, wherein the sintering temperature is 2 hours, and after sintering, cooling the green body balls in a cooler;
7) and screening gradation: the cooled sand was classified into fractions to obtain sintered forsterite spherical sand for casting of 30/50, 40/70, 50/100 and 70/140, respectively.
Example 5
The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and milling: preparing magnesite, quartz sand and kaolin into fine powder with the granularity of less than 400 meshes;
2) and (3) preparing materials: taking raw materials of magnesite powder, quartz powder and kaolin powder, and respectively measuring the raw materials according to the molar ratio of MgO: SiO 22Not less than 2: 1, taking 72 parts of magnesite powder, 25 parts of quartz powder and 3 parts of kaolin powder for proportioning, and uniformly mixing in a mixer;
3) and granulating: putting a certain amount of the mixture into a granulator, spraying atomized binder into the granulator, wherein the binder is hydroxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution with mass concentration of 2%, granulating, adding dry powder in batches according to the dry-wet process of the material in the granulating process, adding the dry powder for ten times, closing the binder solution after the dry powder is added, and polishing the green pellets for 30 min;
4) and drying: placing the green pellets in a dryer for drying, wherein the drying adopts the waste heat of a rotary kiln;
5) and screening: screening out green body balls of 30-140 meshes through a drum screen to be burnt, and crushing and scattering the rest parts to return to the mixture for continuous granulation;
6) and sintering: sintering the screened qualified green pellets in a rotary kiln at 1480 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and cooling the sintered green pellets in a cooler;
7) and screening gradation: the cooled sand was classified into fractions to obtain sintered forsterite spherical sand for casting of 30/50, 40/70, 50/100 and 70/140, respectively.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the forsterite spherical sand is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(a) uniformly mixing the raw material powder, granulating, spraying a binder in the granulating process, and polishing to obtain a green body ball;
the raw materials comprise magnesite, quartz sand and fluxing agent, and MgO and SiO in the raw materials2The molar ratio of (A) is more than or equal to 2: 1, the addition amount of the fluxing agent is 1-5% of the mass of the raw material powder;
(b) and (b) drying, screening and sintering the green compact ball obtained in the step (a) to obtain the forsterite spherical sand.
2. The method for preparing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the raw material powder is less than 400 mesh in step (a).
3. The method for preparing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein the content of MgO in the magnesite in the step (a) is not less than 45 wt%.
4. The method for producing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein the forsterite spherical sand is ground in a sand mill,in the step (a), SiO is contained in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 90 wt%.
5. The method for preparing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the flux comprises one or a combination of several of nickel slag, bauxite and kaolin;
preferably, the content of CaO in the nickel slag is not more than 4 wt%, and Al is2O3The content is less than or equal to 5wt percent.
6. The method of preparing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein, in the step (a), the binder comprises at least one of PVA, water-soluble resin, silica sol, water glass, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and pulp waste;
preferably, the mass concentration of the binder is 0.3 to 3%.
7. The method for preparing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the sieved green pellets in the step (b) is 30 to 140.
8. The method for preparing forsterite spherical sand according to claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 1350-1550 ℃ and the sintering time is 1-3 hours in the step (b).
9. The forsterite spherical sand produced by the method for producing forsterite spherical sand according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of forsterite spherical sand according to claim 9 in casting high manganese steel.
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