CN111848187A - Method for preparing iron ladle castable by using high-carbon ferrochrome slag - Google Patents
Method for preparing iron ladle castable by using high-carbon ferrochrome slag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferroalloy production and the field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a ladle castable by using high-carbon ferrochrome slag2O3、MgO、Cr2O3And magnesium aluminate spinel and the like, and the ferrochrome slag solid waste generated in the ferrochrome alloy smelting process is digested, so that the resource recycling of the ferrochrome slag solid waste is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferroalloy production and the field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an iron ladle castable by using high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
Background
Slag is a waste material discharged from a kiln during the production of a product. The furnace kiln has various types, is distributed in various industries, discharges a large amount of furnace slag every year, occupies land, pollutes the environment, and particularly, some furnace slag contains toxic substances such as hexavalent chromium ions or pentavalent vanadium ions and the like, thereby seriously harming the health of people. Waste is a relative concept, being waste under certain conditions and possibly being a valuable raw material under other conditions. The chromium slag is solid waste discharged in the process of producing metal chromium, ferrochrome, chromium salt and the like in the metallurgy and chemical industry. Chromium salt, ferrochromium and metal chromium are important substances indispensable to national economic development and are used in a plurality of important industrial departments such as metallurgy, chemical industry, military industry and the like.
The currently main disposal modes of the ferrochrome slag can be divided into three main types, one is direct recycling, the ferrochrome slag contains certain available components such as metal elements and the like, the ferrochrome slag can be effectively recycled according to the physicochemical properties of the ferrochrome slag, the usage amount of ferroalloy slag is increased, the element recovery rate can be improved, the economic benefit is improved, and the alloy recovery is directly carried out by adopting a magnetic separation or gravity separation method; secondly, the iron alloy slag is used as a cement raw material and used for producing a cement mixture, and the iron alloy slag is one of important ways for recycling in the building material industry; thirdly, the brick is used as a building and road building material and can be used for producing building bricks.
With the deepening of the national sustainable development and the concept of recycling economy, the comprehensive utilization of the ferroalloy slag follows the principle of reduction, reutilization and resource utilization, an economic mode of recycling is formed, the low emission of pollution is realized through the high efficiency and recycling of resources, the environment is protected, and the sustainable development of society, economy and environment is realized.
In recent years, due to the enhancement of environmental protection and the rapid development of industry, the price of the raw materials of the refractory materials tends to rise, and the cost increase caused by the rise of the price of the raw materials of the refractory materials can be relieved by preparing the refractory materials by using wastes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to digest the ferrochrome slag solid waste generated in the ferrochrome alloy smelting process, realize the resource recycling of the ferrochrome slag solid waste, and provide a method for preparing an iron ladle castable by using high-carbon ferrochrome slag, which can recycle the ferrochrome slag and reduce the cost of steelmaking refractory.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
(1) mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 200-mesh ferrochromium slag: 2-11%; 3-8 mm high-alumina ball: 15-30%; 8-15 mm high-alumina ball powder: 10-20%; 200-mesh high-alumina ball powder: 0 to 9 percent; 1-3 mm vanadium soil: 10-20%; 0-1 mm vanadium soil: 5-15%; 80-120 mesh 55 kyanite: 3-8%; 200 mesh 97 SiC: 3-8%; 5u active alumina powder: 3-10%; 95% of silica fume: 3-6%; CA71 cement: 3-6%; the iron ladle castable is also added with sodium tripolyphosphate, organic fiber and steel fiber, and the addition amounts of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the organic fiber and the steel fiber respectively account for 0.1-0.3%, 0.05-0.15% and 0.1-0.3% of the total amount; the 200-mesh ferrochrome slag is screened 200-mesh ferrochrome slag obtained by crushing, grinding and screening high-carbon ferrochrome slag, and the volume density of the 200-mesh ferrochrome slag is 3.0-3.4 g/cm 3The chemical composition is as follows: SiO 22：23~25%、Al2O3：24~26%、Cr2O3：7~9%、MgO：28~30%、TFe：4.5~5.5%，K2O+Na2O+ZnO：0.21~0.53%。
(2) Adding the raw materials proportioned in the step (1) into a stirrer, carrying out dry mixing for 10-15 min to uniformly mix the raw materials, adding water accounting for 1-2% of the total amount of the raw materials, stirring for 20-30 min, then filling the mixture into an iron ladle bottom, putting the iron ladle bottom into an iron ladle mold, and carrying out vibration molding.
(3) Curing at room temperature for 24-36 hours after vibration molding, demolding, continuing curing at room temperature for 48-96 hours after demolding, finally baking with small fire for 12-24 hours, baking with medium fire for 12-36 hours, and baking with big fire for 12-24 hours to obtain an iron ladle castable; the baking temperature of the small fire is 25-300 ℃, the baking temperature of the medium fire is 300-600 ℃, and the baking temperature of the big fire is 600-1000 ℃; gradually raising the temperature during baking, keeping the temperature for 2-4 hours when the temperature is between 100 and 150 ℃ by using small fire, keeping the temperature for 8-12 hours when the temperature is between 400 and 500 ℃ by using medium fire, and keeping the temperature for 2-4 hours when the temperature is between 700 and 750 ℃ by using big fire.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method is simple, convenient, quick, green and environment-friendly, can digest the ferrochrome slag solid waste generated in the ferrochrome alloy smelting process, realizes the resource recycling of the ferrochrome slag solid waste, and meets the requirement of circular economy.
(2) The method can effectively reduce the cost of the steel-making refractory material and relieve the influence of the price fluctuation of the refractory material on the cost of the iron ladle refractory material.
(3) The invention effectively utilizes MgO and Cr in the ferrochromium slag2O3And magnesium aluminate spinel and the like, realizes the high-efficiency recycling of ferrochrome slag, and provides a new method for the disposal of high-carbon ferrochrome slag and the production of iron ladle castable.
In conclusion, the invention utilizes the high-carbon ferrochrome slag to prepare the iron ladle castable, can digest the ferrochrome slag solid waste generated in the ferrochrome smelting process, realize the resource recycling of the ferrochrome slag solid waste, meet the requirement of recycling economy, simultaneously reduce the manufacturing cost of the iron ladle castable, relieve the influence of the price fluctuation of refractory materials on the steelmaking cost, reduce the environmental pollution, effectively utilize Al in the ferrochrome slag2O3、MgO、Cr2O3And magnesia-alumina spinel and the like, reduce energy consumption, and have important significance for realizing resource recycling of ferrochromium slag, saving energy, reducing emission and reducing the manufacturing cost of the iron ladle castable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of high carbon ferrochrome slag.
Detailed Description
The method for preparing the iron ladle castable by using the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is further described by the specific embodiment.
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following chemical components: SiO 22：23~25%、Al2O3：24~26%、Cr2O3：7~9%、MgO：28~30%、TFe：4.5~5.5%，K2O+Na2O+ZnO：0.21~0.53%。
Fig. 1 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of high-carbon ferrochrome slag, which can obtain the composition of high-carbon ferrochrome slag, and the main phases include chrome-magnesia spinel, pearl kaolinite, chloromagnite, hercynite, forsterite, ferrierite and the like, wherein the content of chrome-magnesia spinel, pearl kaolinite, hercynite and forsterite is high and accounts for about 70%.
Example 1
(1) Mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the chromium-iron slag with the particle size of 200 meshes accounts for 2 percent, the alumina balls with the particle size of 3-8 mm account for 22 percent, the alumina ball powder with the particle size of 8-15 mm accounts for 16 percent, the alumina ball powder with the particle size of 200 meshes accounts for 9 percent, the bauxite with the particle size of 1-3 mm accounts for 16 percent, the bauxite with the particle size of 0-1 mm accounts for 10 percent, the kyanite with the particle size of 80-120 meshes accounts for 5 percent, the SiC with the particle size of 200 meshes accounts for 5 percent, the active alumina powder accounts for 5 percent, the silica fume accounts for 4.5 percent in 95 percent, the CA71 cement accounts for 3.5 percent, and sodium tripolyphosphate, organic fibers and steel fibers are additionally added on the basis of.
(2) Adding the raw materials mixed according to the proportion in the step (1) into a stirrer, performing dry mixing for 10min to uniformly mix the raw materials, slowly spraying a certain amount of water on the surface of the raw materials while stirring, wherein the amount of the added water accounts for 2% of the total amount of the added raw materials, stirring for 20min, then filling the raw materials into an iron ladle bottom, then putting the iron ladle bottom into an iron ladle mold, and vibrating by using a vibrating rod to densify.
(3) After the iron ladle is subjected to vibration compaction and is cured for 24 hours at room temperature, demolding is carried out, after demolding, if the surface of the iron ladle is uneven, repairing and strickling treatment is needed, after demolding, curing is carried out for 48 hours at room temperature, then the cured iron ladle is placed under a roaster to be roasted, the iron ladle is roasted for 12 hours on small fire, the iron ladle is roasted for 12 hours on medium fire, the iron ladle is roasted for 24 hours on big fire, the roasting temperature on small fire is 25-300 ℃, the roasting temperature on medium fire is 300-600 ℃, the roasting temperature on big fire is 600-1000 ℃, the temperature is gradually increased during roasting, the temperature is kept for 3 hours when the iron ladle is roasted to 100-150 ℃, the temperature is kept for 10 hours when the iron ladle is roasted to 400-500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 hours when the iron ladle.
The performance test results of the prepared iron ladle castable are shown in the following table:
after the 50t iron ladle is poured, the age of the iron ladle is increased to 503 times.
Example 2
(1) Mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the chromium-iron slag with the particle size of 200 meshes accounts for 5%, the alumina balls with the particle size of 3-8 mm account for 22%, the alumina ball powder with the particle size of 8-15 mm accounts for 16%, the alumina ball powder with the particle size of 200 meshes accounts for 6%, the bauxite with the particle size of 1-3 mm accounts for 16%, the bauxite with the particle size of 0-1 mm accounts for 10%, the kyanite with the particle size of 80-120 meshes accounts for 5%, the SiC with the particle size of 200 meshes accounts for 5%, the active alumina powder with the particle size of 5%, the silica fume with the particle size of 95% accounts for 4.5%, and the CA71 cement accounts for 3.5%.
(2) Adding the raw materials mixed according to the proportion in the step (1) into a stirrer, performing dry mixing for 10min to uniformly mix the raw materials, slowly spraying a certain amount of water on the surface of the raw materials while stirring, wherein the amount of the added water accounts for 1.5% of the total amount of the added raw materials, stirring for 25min, filling the raw materials into an iron ladle bottom, then putting the iron ladle bottom into an iron ladle mold, and vibrating and compacting the raw materials by using a vibrating rod.
(3) After the iron ladle is vibrated to be compact, the iron ladle is maintained at room temperature for 30 hours, demoulding is carried out, after demoulding, if the surface of the iron ladle is uneven, repairing and strickling treatment is needed, after demoulding, the iron ladle is maintained at room temperature for 72 hours, then the maintained iron ladle is placed under a roaster to be roasted, small fire roasting is carried out for 16 hours, medium fire roasting is carried out for 20 hours, big fire roasting is carried out for 24 hours, the small fire roasting temperature is 25-300 ℃, the medium fire roasting temperature is 300-600 ℃, the big fire roasting temperature is 600-1000 ℃, the temperature is gradually increased during roasting, the small fire roasting is carried out for 3 hours when the temperature is 100-150 ℃, the medium fire is roasted for 10 hours when the temperature is 400-500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 hours when the temperature is 700-750 ℃, and the iron.
The performance test results of the prepared iron ladle castable are shown in the following table:
after the 50t iron ladle is poured, the ladle age of the iron ladle is increased to 456 times.
Example 3
(1) Mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 11% of 200-mesh ferrochromium slag, 22% of 3-8 mm high-alumina spheres, 16% of 8-15 mm high-alumina sphere powder, 16% of 200-mesh high-alumina sphere powder, 16% of 1-3 mm alumina, 10% of 0-1 mm alumina, 5% of 80-120-mesh 55-kyanite, 5% of 200-mesh 97SiC, 6% of 5u active alumina powder, 4.5% of 95% silica fume and 3.5% of CA71 cement, wherein the total amount of the above components is respectively 0.1%, 0.1% and 0.2% by weight.
(2) Adding the raw materials mixed according to the proportion in the step (1) into a stirrer, performing dry mixing for 10min to uniformly mix the raw materials, slowly spraying a certain amount of water on the surface of the raw materials while stirring, wherein the amount of the added water accounts for 2% of the total amount of the added raw materials, stirring for 30min, then filling the raw materials into an iron ladle bottom, then putting the iron ladle bottom into an iron ladle mold, and vibrating by using a vibrating rod to densify.
(3) After the iron ladle is vibrated to be compact, the iron ladle is maintained at room temperature for 36 hours, demoulding is carried out, after demoulding, if the surface of the iron ladle is uneven, repairing and strickling are needed, after demoulding, the iron ladle is maintained at room temperature for 96 hours, then the maintained iron ladle is placed under a roaster to be roasted, the iron ladle is roasted on small fire for 24 hours, the iron ladle is roasted on medium fire for 36 hours, the iron ladle is roasted on big fire for 24 hours, the roasting temperature on small fire is 25-300 ℃, the roasting temperature on medium fire is 300-600 ℃, the roasting temperature on big fire is 600-1000 ℃, the temperature is gradually increased during roasting, the temperature is kept for 3 hours when the iron ladle is roasted to 100-150 ℃, the temperature is kept for 10 hours when the iron ladle is roasted on medium fire to 400-500 ℃, the temperature is kept for.
The performance test results of the prepared iron ladle castable are shown in the following table:
after the 120t iron ladle is poured, the age of the iron ladle is improved to 423 times.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing an iron ladle castable by using high-carbon ferrochrome slag comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 200-mesh ferrochromium slag: 2-11%; 3-8 mm high-alumina ball: 15-30%; 8-15 mm high-alumina ball powder: 10-20%; 200-mesh high-alumina ball powder: 0 to 9 percent; 1-3 mm vanadium soil: 10-20%; 0-1 mm vanadium soil: 5-15%; 80-120 mesh 55 kyanite: 3-8%; 200 mesh 97 SiC: 3-8%; 5u active alumina powder: 3-10%; 95% of silica fume: 3-6%; CA71 cement: 3-6%;
(2) uniformly mixing the raw materials proportioned in the step (1), adding water accounting for 1-2% of the total amount of the raw materials, stirring for 20-30 min, then filling the mixture into the bottom of an iron ladle, putting the iron ladle into an iron ladle mold, and performing vibration molding;
(3) curing at room temperature for 24-36 hours after vibration molding, demolding, continuing curing at room temperature for 48-96 hours after demolding, finally baking with small fire for 12-24 hours, baking with medium fire for 12-36 hours, and baking with big fire for 12-24 hours to obtain an iron ladle castable; the baking temperature of the small fire is 25-300 ℃, the baking temperature of the medium fire is 300-600 ℃, and the baking temperature of the big fire is 600-1000 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the iron ladle castable by using the high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), sodium tripolyphosphate, organic fibers and steel fibers are also added into the iron ladle castable, and the addition amounts of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the organic fibers and the steel fibers respectively account for 0.1-0.3%, 0.05-0.15% and 0.1-0.3% of the total amount.
3. The method for preparing the iron ladle castable by using the high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the 200-mesh ferrochrome slag is 200-mesh ferrochrome slag screened from high-carbon ferrochrome slag through crushing, grinding and screening, and the volume density of the 200-mesh ferrochrome slag is 3.0-3.4 g/cm3The chemical composition is as follows: SiO 22：23~25%、Al2O3：24~26%、Cr2O3：7~9%、MgO：28~30%、TFe：4.5~5.5%，K2O+Na2O+ZnO：0.21~0.53%。
4. The method for preparing the iron ladle castable by using the high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the raw materials are uniformly mixed by adding the raw materials into a stirrer and dry-mixing for 10-15 min.
5. The method for preparing the iron ladle castable by using the high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the baking is gradually heated, the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours when the baking is carried out by small fire to 100-150 ℃, the temperature is kept for 8-12 hours when the baking is carried out by medium fire to 400-500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2-4 hours when the baking is carried out by big fire to 700-750 ℃.
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