CN108516845B - Chromium oxide composite spinel brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chromium oxide composite spinel brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3241—Chromium oxides, chromates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3272—Iron oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. hematite, magnetite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chromium oxide composite spinel brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw material comprises a matrix and aggregate, and the aggregate is electric melting chromium oxide particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and composite spinel micro powder; the matrix is added in parts by weight: 20-45 parts of a solvent; the aggregate is electrically-fused chromium oxide particles. On the basis of the existing chromium oxide brick preparation technology, under the condition of not adding zirconium oxide, by introducing the synthesized composite spinel, the chromium oxide composite spinel brick is prepared, compared with the existing chromium oxide brick: the material has excellent cinder erosion resistance and cinder penetration resistance without reducing the thermal shock resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a chromium oxide composite spinel brick and a preparation method thereof, which are key materials for a lining of a coal water slurry gasification furnace.
Background
The gasification furnace is the key equipment of the water-coal-slurry pressurized gasification technology, and the common working conditions of the water-coal-slurry pressurized gasification furnace are as follows: working temperature 1250-; the fire facing bricks of the coal water slurry gasification furnace are key materials which relate to whether the gasification furnace can normally operate. At present, the chromium oxide brick is a working lining material successfully used for a coal water slurry pressurized gas furnace, and the chromium oxide brick is Cr2O3The content of the fired chromium oxide product is not less than 80 percent, and in order to improve the thermal shock resistance of the product, the zirconium oxide is usually added into the chromium oxide brick, and the content of the zirconium oxide is 2 to 7 percent.
However, China is a country with scarce zirconia resources, zirconia is mainly imported, and the zirconia is accompanied by a small amount of radioactive hafnium oxide, however, the coal water slurry gasification furnace is rapidly developed in China, the demand of the coal water slurry gasification furnace for high-chromium bricks exceeds ten thousand tons per year, and the coal water slurry gasification furnace also has a growing trend, which inevitably puts higher requirements on the demand of the chromium oxide bricks. According to the invention, by synthesizing the composite spinel, the composite spinel is introduced into the chromium oxide brick, the performance of the original chromium oxide brick is achieved under the condition of not adding zirconium oxide, and the erosion resistance of the brick is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the shortage of zirconia resources in China, industrial zirconia is imported in large quantity, a coal water slurry gasification furnace is developed rapidly in China, the demand of high-chromium bricks is more than ten thousand tons every year, and the coal water slurry gasification furnace has an increasing trend, which inevitably puts higher requirements on the demand of the chromium oxide bricks. According to the chromium oxide composite spinel brick provided by the invention, the composite spinel is introduced into the chromium oxide brick as a second phase, and under the condition that no zirconium oxide is added, the performances similar to those of the original chromium oxide, such as low porosity, high compressive strength, cinder erosion resistance, thermal shock resistance and the like, are achieved. The chromium oxide composite spinel brick is used as a working lining of a water-coal-slurry gasification furnace, can meet the rigorous conditions of large-scale, high pressure, high yield and high requirements of the existing water-coal-slurry gasification furnace, and prolongs the service life of the lining of the whole gasification furnace.
A chromium oxide composite spinel brick comprises a substrate and aggregate, wherein the aggregate is added in parts by weight as follows: 55-80 parts of matrix, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-45 parts of a solvent; the aggregate is fused chromium oxide particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and composite spinel micro powder; the addition parts by weight of the chromium oxide fine powder are as follows: 25-65 parts of fine alumina powder, wherein the fine alumina powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of composite spinel micro powder, wherein the composite spinel micro powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of binder, wherein the addition amount of the binder is 1-10% of the total weight of the raw materials.
The binding agent is phosphoric acid or aluminum phosphate solution.
Wherein the granularity of the aggregate is 10 mm-0.088 mm.
Wherein the particle size of the fine powder of the chromium oxide and the fine powder of the aluminum oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
Wherein the particle size of the composite spinel micro powder is less than 44 μm.
The composite spinel disclosed by the invention comprises chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide and magnesium oxide.
The composite spinel comprises, by weight, 10-55 parts of chromium oxide, 15-50 parts of aluminum oxide, 10-20 parts of iron oxide and 10-25 parts of magnesium oxide.
The crystal phase of the composite spinel is as follows: 70-75% of ferrochrome spinel, 12-15% of chromium aluminate spinel and 8-12% of spinel.
A preparation method of the chromium oxide composite spinel brick comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing aggregate in a sand mixer, adding 2/3 parts of the total amount of the bonding agent, uniformly mixing, then adding the fine powder, uniformly mixing, finally adding the rest bonding agent, and mixing for about 5 minutes;
and step two, ageing for 1-2 hours, pressing into a green body, drying, and sintering in a shuttle kiln at 1600-1800 ℃ to obtain the chromium oxide composite spinel brick.
The shuttle kiln is fired in a neutral atmosphere or a weakly reducing atmosphere, because the composite spinel must be prepared in this atmosphere, otherwise the final properties of the final product are affected.
The principle of the invention is as follows: on the basis of the existing chromium oxide brick preparation technology, under the condition of not adding zirconium oxide, chromium oxide and aluminum oxide are used as main raw materials, and synthesized composite spinel micro-powder is introduced, because the crystal phase of the composite spinel is as follows: 70-75% of ferrochrome spinel, 12-15% of chromium aluminate spinel and 8-12% of spinel. In addition, the reasonable proportion of the chromium oxide, the aluminum oxide and the composite spinel micro powder is added, the aluminum oxide and the chromium oxide can generate an infinite solid solution at high temperature, the composite spinel is introduced into a chromium oxide brick in a micro powder form, and the crystal phase of the composite spinel is as follows: 70-75% of ferrochrome spinel, 12-15% of chromium aluminate spinel and 8-12% of spinel; especially, the ferrochrome spinel and the chromium aluminate spinel crystal phases are interwoven with the chromium oxide particle matrix after being sintered to form a compact network structure, which shows that the porosity of the product is small, and in addition, the thermal shock resistance of the product is also improved due to the different expansion coefficients of the spinel micro powder and the chromium oxide particles. In the use process, the composite spinel has a compact structure, so that compared with the matrix disclosed by the invention, the permeability of the slag is prevented to be stronger, the penetration and corrosion of the slag are reduced, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
As the composite spinel micro powder part reaches the superfine powder level, in the subsequent preparation process, the composite spinel crystal phase superfine powder particles penetrate into gaps of a chromium oxide and chromium oxide crystal phase structure to form a firm skeleton effect, the compressive strength and the thermal shock resistance of the working lining are obviously improved, and the composite spinel crystal phase has the effect of preventing the slag from further penetrating, so that the coal slag corrosion resistance is obviously improved.
By analyzing the residual bricks of the chromium oxide for the current water-coal-slurry pressurized gasifier, the damage of the coal slag to the chromium oxide bricks is mainly corrosion and stripping. The erosion is mainly represented by the impact of impurities such as silicon oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide and the like in the slag on the chromium oxide brick, and the erosion is continuous and slow. The spinel layer in the invention has the function of preventing the slag from further permeating; calcium oxide appears to form a low-melting product inside the brick and penetrates deeply. Spalling is primarily manifested as a lump, flake fall off of the hot face of the brick after a period of use, which is instantaneous, lump, intermittent. Because the aluminum oxide and the chromium oxide can generate infinite solid solution at high temperature, the invention synthesizes the composite chromium-aluminum-iron-magnesium spinel, and introduces the composite chromium-aluminum-iron-magnesium spinel into the chromium oxide brick, thereby achieving the performances similar to the prior chromium oxide brick, such as low porosity, high compressive strength and erosion resistance, and because the thermal expansion coefficient of the composite spinel is different from that of the chromium oxide, the introduction of the composite spinel can also improve the thermal shock resistance of the product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention prepares the chromium oxide composite spinel brick by introducing the synthesized composite spinel on the basis of the prior chromium oxide brick preparation technology without adding zirconium oxide, compared with the prior chromium oxide brick: the material has excellent cinder erosion resistance and cinder penetration resistance without reducing the thermal shock resistance.
1. The prepared chromium oxide composite spinel brick has equivalent thermal shock stability compared with the original chromium oxide brick under the condition of not adding zirconium oxide.
2. The chromium oxide composite spinel brick prepared by the invention can meet the rigorous conditions of large-scale, high pressure and high yield of a water-coal-slurry gasification furnace, and provides a new choice for a refractory material for the lining of the water-coal-slurry pressurized gasification furnace.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1:
a chromium oxide composite spinel brick comprises a substrate and aggregate, wherein the aggregate is added in parts by weight as follows: 55 parts of matrix, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of (1); the aggregate is fused chromium oxide particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and composite spinel micro powder; the addition parts by weight of the chromium oxide fine powder are as follows: 25 parts of alumina fine powder, wherein the added parts by weight are as follows: 25 parts of composite spinel micro powder, wherein the composite spinel micro powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts, wherein the composite spinel comprises 10 parts by weight of chromium oxide, 50 parts by weight of aluminum oxide, 20 parts by weight of iron oxide and 20 parts by weight of magnesium oxide; and adding phosphoric acid, wherein the adding amount of the phosphoric acid is 1 percent of the total weight of the raw materials.
Example 2:
a chromium oxide composite spinel brick comprises a substrate and aggregate, wherein the aggregate is added in parts by weight as follows: 80 parts of matrix, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of (1); the aggregate is fused chromium oxide particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and composite spinel micro powder; the addition parts by weight of the chromium oxide fine powder are as follows: 65 parts of alumina fine powder, wherein the added parts by weight are as follows: 10 parts of composite spinel micro powder, wherein the composite spinel micro powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of composite spinel, wherein the composite spinel comprises 55 parts of chromium oxide, 15 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of iron oxide and 20 parts of magnesium oxide in parts by weight; adding phosphoric acid, wherein the adding amount of the phosphoric acid is 10 percent of the total weight of the raw materials.
Example 3:
a chromium oxide composite spinel brick comprises a substrate and aggregate, wherein the aggregate is added in parts by weight as follows: 75 parts of matrix, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of (1); the aggregate is fused chromium oxide particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and composite spinel micro powder; the addition parts by weight of the chromium oxide fine powder are as follows: 45 parts of alumina fine powder, wherein the added parts by weight are as follows: 25 parts of composite spinel micro powder, wherein the composite spinel micro powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of composite spinel, wherein the composite spinel comprises 40 parts of chromium oxide, 20 parts of aluminum oxide, 20 parts of iron oxide and 20 parts of magnesium oxide in parts by weight; and adding aluminum phosphate, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum phosphate is 8 percent of the total weight of the raw materials.
The preparation method of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing aggregate in a sand mixer, adding 2/3 parts of the total amount of the bonding agent, uniformly mixing, then adding the fine powder, uniformly mixing, finally adding the rest bonding agent, and mixing for about 5 minutes;
and step two, ageing for 1-2 hours, pressing into a green body, drying, and sintering in a shuttle kiln at 1600-1800 ℃ to obtain the chromium oxide composite spinel brick.
The properties of the articles obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative example are shown in the table below. The apparent porosity, the volume density, the normal temperature compressive strength and the thermal shock resistance stability are all detected according to the related national standards.
Claims (3)
1. A chromium oxide composite spinel brick is characterized in that: the raw material comprises a substrate and aggregate, wherein the aggregate is added in parts by weight: 55-80 parts of matrix, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-45 parts of a solvent; the aggregate is fused chromium oxide particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and composite spinel micro powder; the addition parts by weight of the chromium oxide fine powder are as follows: 25-65 parts of fine alumina powder, wherein the fine alumina powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of composite spinel micro powder, wherein the composite spinel micro powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of a bonding agent is added, and the addition amount of the bonding agent is 1-10% of the total weight of the raw materials; the composite spinel comprises, by weight, 10-55 parts of chromium oxide, 15-50 parts of aluminum oxide, 10-20 parts of iron oxide and 10-25 parts of magnesium oxide; the crystal phase of the composite spinel is as follows: 70-75% of ferrochrome spinel, 12-15% of chromium aluminate spinel and 8-12% of spinel; the granularity of the composite spinel micro powder is less than 44 mu m; the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, uniformly mixing aggregate in a sand mixer, adding 2/3 parts of the total amount of the bonding agent, uniformly mixing, then adding the fine powder, uniformly mixing, finally adding the rest bonding agent, and mixing for about 5 minutes; and step two, ageing the materials for 1 to 2 hours, pressing the materials into green bodies, drying the green bodies, sintering the green bodies in a shuttle kiln at 1600-1800 ℃, and sintering the green bodies in the shuttle kiln under the weak reducing atmosphere to obtain the chromium oxide composite spinel brick.
2. A chromium oxide composite spinel brick according to claim 1, wherein: the aggregate granularity is 10 mm-0.088 mm.
3. A chromium oxide composite spinel brick according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the fine powder of the chromium oxide and the fine powder of the aluminum oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
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| CN109608175B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-08-24 | 中钢洛耐科技服份有限公司 | Refractory material for furnace wall opening of non-ferrous smelting melting furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN109626971B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-08-27 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Refractory material for furnace wall above liquid line of non-ferrous smelting melting furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650856B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-03-12 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Non-ferrous intensive smelting is with melting stove that excels in |
| CN109627027B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-02-01 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum-magnesium-iron-chromium spinel composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109608215B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-08-27 | 中钢洛耐科技服份有限公司 | Refractory material for non-ferrous smelting melting furnace bottom and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852866B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-08-24 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Refractory material for liquid line furnace wall and liquid outlet nozzle part of non-ferrous smelting melting furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN109626970B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-08-27 | 中钢洛耐科技服份有限公司 | Refractory material for furnace wall below liquid line of non-ferrous smelting melting furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN109626972B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-08-27 | 中钢洛耐科技服份有限公司 | Refractory material for upper furnace wall of non-ferrous smelting melting furnace and preparation method thereof |
| CN110092651B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-09-10 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum-chromium synthetic raw material |
| CN117430436B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-12 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Chromium-aluminum-zirconium refractory material for melting layered part of melting separation furnace and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117433295B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-12 | 中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司 | Long-life melting furnace for coal-based direct reduction |
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| JP2006232653A (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-09-07 | Yotai Refractories Co Ltd | Refractory brick and waste material melting furnace |
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Address after: 471039 No. 1, Xiyuan Road, Jianxi District, Henan, Luoyang Applicant after: Sinosteel luonai New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 471039 No. 1, Xiyuan Road, Jianxi District, Henan, Luoyang Applicant before: SINOSTEEL REFRACTORY Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: 471039 No. 1, Xiyuan Road, Jianxi District, Henan, Luoyang Applicant after: Sinosteel luonai Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 471039 No. 1, Xiyuan Road, Jianxi District, Henan, Luoyang Applicant before: Sinosteel luonai New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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