CN116332631A - Chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116332631A CN116332631A CN202310349938.3A CN202310349938A CN116332631A CN 116332631 A CN116332631 A CN 116332631A CN 202310349938 A CN202310349938 A CN 202310349938A CN 116332631 A CN116332631 A CN 116332631A
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- zirconium
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- -1 Chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- BFXREAXRMUFNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg][Zr][Cr] Chemical compound [Mg][Zr][Cr] BFXREAXRMUFNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RHBRWKIPYGZNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Cr+3] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Cr+3] RHBRWKIPYGZNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NACUKFIFISCLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cr] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cr] NACUKFIFISCLOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZYHJBKOXYMEMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Mg].[Cr] Chemical compound [Cr].[Mg].[Cr] ZYHJBKOXYMEMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/12—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on chromium oxide
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein zirconium-magnesium-chromium spinel and chromium oxide composite frit are introduced in the preparation process of a chromium oxide brick matrix, and a novel chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory material is formed by firing in a shuttle kiln at 1600-1800 ℃, and the components and the contents thereof are as follows: cr (Cr) 2 O 3 70－95%，Al 2 O 3 3－20%，MgO 1－10%，ZrO 2 1 to 5 percent, compared with the prior chrome oxide brick, has excellent thermal shock resistance under the condition that the cinder erosion resistance is not reduced, the method can meet the severe conditions of large-scale, high pressure and high productivity of the coal water slurry gasifier, improves the stability of the coal water slurry gasifier under the fluctuation of oxidation-reduction atmosphere, and prolongs the service life of a furnace lining; because the introduced chrome magnesium chrome spinel does not contain ferric oxide, the volume expansion under the oxidation-reduction atmosphere is avoided, and the widening is widenedThe application range is widened, and the method is also suitable for other high-temperature equipment in the smelting industry, the building material industry and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials, in particular to a chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick and a preparation method thereof, which are key materials for a water-coal-slurry gasifier lining.
Background
The pressurized coal water slurry gasifier is the most commonly used coal gasification device in China at present, the working temperature of the coal water slurry gasifier is about 1500 ℃, the air pressure in the gasifier is 2-8.5MPa, the atmosphere is strongly reduced, and the liquid acid slag is liquid, meanwhile, along with high-speed scouring of gas, liquid and solid and fluctuation of air pressure, the chromium oxide brick has higher high-temperature strength and excellent acid slag permeation resistance, and is a key refractory material of the lining of the coal water slurry gasifier.
Patent ZL201810362251.2 describes a chromium oxide composite spinel brick and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the chromium oxide composite spinel brick is provided, and composite spinel is introduced into the chromium oxide brick as a second phase, so that the properties similar to those of original chromium oxide, such as low porosity, high compressive strength, cinder erosion resistance, thermal shock resistance and the like, are achieved under the condition that zirconium oxide is not added. The composite spinel component described in this patent is Cr 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 、Fe 2 O 3 MgO; the crystal phase of the composite spinel is as follows: 70-75% of chromite spinel, 12-15% of chromite-aluminum spinel and 8-12% of magnesia-alumina spinel. Since the spinel phase contains iron oxide, the iron oxide undergoes oxidation-reduction reaction when used in an environment with large fluctuation of oxidation-reduction atmosphere, so that the volume expansion is caused, and the cracking of bricks is caused, thereby influencing the service life of a furnace lining.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein a novel zirconium magnesium chromium spinel without iron is added in the preparation process of a chromium oxide brick matrix, and the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is used for replacing spinel in the patent of the invention, so that a novel chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory material is manufactured.
The technical proposal adopted by the invention for realizing the aim is a chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick, wherein Cr is as follows 2 O 3 The content is not less than 70%, the raw materials comprise matrixes and aggregates, the aggregates are added in 55-80 parts by weight, and the matrixes are added in 20-45 parts by weight; the aggregate is electro-fused chromium oxide particles, chromium oxide composite frit and zirconium magnesium chromium spinelParticles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder, zirconium oxide micro powder and zirconium magnesium chromium spinel fine powder; the chromium oxide is added in 25-92 parts by weight, wherein the chromium oxide composite frit and the chromium oxide can be exchanged in any proportion, the alumina is added in 3-25 parts by weight, the zirconia micro powder is added in 0-10 parts by weight, the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is added in 5-55 parts by weight, the binder is added, and the addition amount of the binder is 1-10% of the total weight of the original material.
Wherein the components and the contents of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick are as follows: cr (Cr) 2 O 3 70－95%，Al 2 O 3 3－20%，MgO 1－10%，ZrO 2 1-5%; the binding agent is phosphoric acid or aluminum phosphate solution.
The granularity of the aggregate is less than 5mm.
The chromium oxide composite frit comprises 3-10% of chromium oxide aluminum and 2-7% of zirconium oxide.
The granularity of the chromium oxide fine powder is less than 0.088mm, and the granularity of the aluminum oxide fine powder is less than 0.045mm.
The zirconium magnesium chromium spinel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr (Cr) 2 O 3 70－90%，MgO 3－23%， ZrO 2 2－7%。
The crystal phase of the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is as follows: 60-90% of magnesia-chromite, 0-20% of chromium oxide and 2-7% of zirconia.
A preparation method of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing aggregate in a sand mixer, adding 2/3 of the total amount of a binding agent, uniformly mixing, adding matrix fine powder, uniformly mixing, adding the rest binding agent, and mixing for 5 minutes;
step two, ageing the mixture for 1-2 hours, pressing the mixture into a green body, drying the green body, and sintering the green body in a shuttle kiln at 1600-1800 ℃ to obtain the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick.
The chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory of the invention is different from a gasifier using chromium-aluminum-zirconium bricks, and the main difference is that the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory of the invention contains zirconium-magnesium-chromium spinel, while the chromium-aluminum-zirconium refractory does not have magnesium-chromium spinel phase. The zirconium is introduced in different forms, and the zirconium is introduced in the form of zirconium oxide and zirconium magnesium chromium spinel, so that the zirconium oxide exists in the refractory in different forms, and different physical properties are generated. The invention also introduces a chromium oxide composite frit which can be interchanged with the chromium oxide frit in any proportion, wherein the chromium oxide composite frit and the chromium oxide frit are different in that the chromium oxide composite frit contains 3-10% of chromium oxide aluminum and 2-7% of zirconium oxide, and the composite frit has higher strength and more compact structure.
The principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the zirconium-magnesium-chromium spinel replaces the original iron composite spinel on the basis of the patent ZL201810362251.2, so that the cracking and damage of the refractory material caused by the volume expansion generated by the oxidation-reduction reaction of the ferric oxide under the environment with severe oxidation-reduction atmosphere fluctuation are avoided, and the use environment of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory material is widened. On the basis of the existing preparation technology of the chromium oxide bricks, zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is used for replacing the original iron composite spinel under the condition of no zirconia addition, and the crystal phase of the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is as follows: 70-95% of magnesia-chromite, 0-20% of chromium oxide and 2-7% of zirconia. Furthermore, the chromium oxide composite frit is used for replacing electric smelting chromium oxide with any proportion, and the chromium oxide composite frit contains 3-10% of aluminum oxide and 2-7% of zirconium oxide, so that the strength is higher, and the structure is more compact. In addition, the reasonable proportion of the chromic oxide and the aluminum oxide micro powder can generate infinite solid solution at high temperature, thereby enhancing the performance of the refractory material.
As the main crystal phases of the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel are magnesium chromium spinel, chromium oxide and zirconium oxide, which are high-temperature refractory materials, the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel has poor wettability with coal slag and strong slag erosion and penetration resistance. The sintered magnesia spinel is interwoven with the chromium oxide particle matrix of the solid solution alumina to form a compact network structure, and in addition, the thermal shock resistance of the product is improved due to the difference of expansion coefficients of the magnesia-chrome spinel and the chromium oxide particles of the solid solution alumina, so that the service life of the product is prolonged.
The beneficial effects are that: on the basis of the existing preparation technology of the chromium oxide brick, the chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory material is prepared by introducing zirconium magnesium chromium spinel and chromium oxide composite frit under the condition of no zirconia addition, and compared with the existing chromium oxide brick: under the condition that the cinder erosion resistance is not reduced, the heat shock resistance is excellent.
1. By adding the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel, the thermal shock performance of the high-chromium brick is improved, and the chromium magnesium chromium spinel does not contain ferric oxide, so that the volume expansion under the oxidation-reduction atmosphere is avoided, and the application range of the high-chromium brick is widened.
2. Can meet the severe conditions of large-scale, high pressure and high productivity of the coal water slurry gasification furnace, improves the stability of the coal water slurry gasification furnace under the fluctuation of oxidation-reduction atmosphere, and prolongs the service life of a furnace lining.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the raw materials of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick comprise a matrix and an aggregate, wherein the weight part of the aggregate is 60 parts, and the weight part of the matrix is 40 parts; the aggregate is 25 parts of electric smelting chromium oxide particles and 35 parts of chromium oxide composite frit; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and zirconium magnesium chromium spinel fine powder; 10 parts of chromium oxide fine powder, 10 parts of aluminum oxide fine powder and 20 parts of zirconium magnesium chromium spinel; and adding phosphoric acid, wherein the adding amount of the phosphoric acid is 3% of the total weight of the raw material.
Example 2:
the raw materials of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick comprise a matrix and an aggregate, wherein the weight part of the aggregate is 70 parts, and the weight part of the matrix is 30 parts; 50 parts of electric smelting chromium oxide particles and 20 parts of zirconium magnesium chromium spinel; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder and zirconium oxide micro powder; the chromium oxide fine powder is added with 21 parts by weight, the aluminum oxide fine powder is added with 6 parts by weight, and the zirconium oxide micro powder is added with 3 parts by weight; and adding phosphoric acid, wherein the addition amount of the phosphoric acid is 6% of the total weight of the raw material.
The preparation method of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick comprises the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing aggregate in a sand mixer, adding 2/3 parts of the total amount of the binding agent, uniformly mixing, adding fine powder, uniformly mixing, adding the rest binding agent, and mixing for 5 minutes;
step two, trapping materials for 1 to 2 hours, pressing the materials into green bricks, drying the green bricks, firing the green bricks in a shuttle kiln at 1600 to 1800 ℃, and firing the green bricks in a weak reducing atmosphere in the shuttle kiln to obtain the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory material.
The properties of the products obtained in examples 1-2 and comparative examples are shown in the following table. The apparent porosity, the volume density, the normal-temperature compressive strength and the thermal shock resistance are all detected according to the national relevant standards, and compared with the comparative chromium oxide bricks, the chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory bricks prepared in examples 1-2 have obviously improved thermal shock resistance.
Claims (6)
1. A chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick is characterized in that: cr in Cr-Al-Mg-Zr refractory brick 2 O 3 The content is not less than 70%, the raw materials comprise matrixes and aggregates, the aggregates are added in 55-80 parts by weight, and the matrixes are added in 20-45 parts by weight; the aggregate is fused chromium oxide particles, chromium oxide composite frit and zirconium magnesium chromium spinel particles; the matrix is chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum oxide fine powder, zirconium oxide micro powder and zirconium magnesium chromium spinel fine powder; the chromium oxide is added in 25-92 parts by weight, wherein the chromium oxide composite frit and the chromium oxide can be exchanged in any proportion, the alumina is added in 3-25 parts by weight, the zirconia micro powder is added in 0-10 parts by weight, the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is added in 5-55 parts by weight, the binder is added, and the addition amount of the binder is 1-10% of the total weight of the original material.
2. A kind of according to claim 1Chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick, its characterized in that: the components and the contents of the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick are as follows: cr (Cr) 2 O 3 70－95%，Al 2 O 3 3－20%，MgO 1－10%，ZrO 2 1-5% of a binding agent which is phosphoric acid or an aluminum phosphate solution.
3. A chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick according to claim 1, wherein: the chromium oxide composite frit comprises 3-10% of chromium oxide aluminum and 2-7% of zirconium oxide.
4. A chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick according to claim 1, wherein: the granularity of the aggregate is less than 5mm, the granularity of the chromium oxide fine powder is less than 0.088mm, and the granularity of the aluminum oxide fine powder is less than 0.045mm.
5. A chromium aluminum magnesium zirconium refractory brick according to claim 1, wherein: the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: cr (Cr) 2 O 3 70－90%，MgO 3－23%， ZrO 2 2-7%; the crystal phase of the zirconium magnesium chromium spinel is as follows: 60-90% of magnesia-chromite, 0-20% of chromium oxide and 2-7% of zirconia.
6. The method for preparing the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, uniformly mixing aggregate in a sand mixer, adding 2/3 of the total amount of a binding agent, uniformly mixing, adding matrix fine powder, uniformly mixing, adding the rest binding agent, and mixing for 5 minutes;
step two, ageing the mixture for 1-2 hours, pressing the mixture into a green body, drying the green body, and sintering the green body in a shuttle kiln at 1600-1800 ℃ to obtain the chromium-aluminum-magnesium-zirconium refractory brick.
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