CN112358288B - Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B35/20—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in magnesium oxide, e.g. forsterite
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The technical proposal is as follows: placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag into a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 hours at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder; placing 70-80 wt% of high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill, ball milling, pre-pressing, forming, crushing, screening, mechanically pressing, forming and drying; and (3) placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag. The invention has high recycling rate to industrial solid waste high-carbon chromium iron slag, improves the recycling of the high-carbon chromium iron slag, is environment-friendly and harmless, and the prepared product has excellent thermal shock resistance and little harm to the environment by chromium ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forsterite-spinel ceramics. In particular to a forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-carbon ferrochrome slag is industrial solid waste generated in the ferrochrome smelting process, and belongs to general industrial waste. Because of the discharge and amplification, the utilization rate of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is only 30% at present, and most of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag is piled in open air. How to effectively utilize the huge secondary resources, manufacture high added value products and reduce environmental pollution is a problem which needs to be solved at present.
The current research on the application of high-carbon ferrochrome slag in building materials mainly utilizes the high-carbon ferrochrome slag to prepare mortar. For example, "method for optimizing new gradation of ferrochrome slag" and its influence on mortar performance "(Hangzhou beauty, peng Yajuan, guo Yanmei. Method for optimizing new gradation of ferrochrome slag and its influence on mortar performance [ J)]Concrete and cement product 2020, (3): pp 96-99.), the characteristics of high hardness, stable structure and the like of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag are utilized as mortar for paving. But because the high-carbon ferrochrome slag contains a small amount of non-separated ferrochrome,will be oxidized to toxic chromium ions (Cr 3+ 、Cr 6+ ) Secondary pollution is caused, and building materials do not solve the potential threat.
The research of the application of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in refractory materials mainly comprises the step of preparing a tundish dry material and an aluminum-magnesium castable by using the high-carbon ferrochrome slag. For example, a part of ferrochrome slag is used in the magnesium tundish dry material (Wei Yuanchi, etc.. Influence of ferrochrome slag on the magnesium tundish dry material performance [ J ]. Silicate report, 2020, 39 (4): pp 1237-1242.); mixing part of ferrochrome slag fine powder, cement, magnesia fine powder and the like according to a proportion to prepare aluminum-magnesium castable, (Zhang Shaohua and the like; preparation of aluminum-magnesium castable doped with ferrochrome slag and performance research [ J ]. Refractory material, 2014, (6): pp436-438, 442.). Although the performance is improved by using forsterite and spinel contained in the high-carbon ferrochrome slag, the addition amount of the ferrochrome slag is not more than 20wt%.
Forsterite is a silicate mineral with high strength and has a theoretical composition of 2MgO.SiOj 2 . Forsterite has a high melting point (1910 ℃) and high strength, so that forsterite ceramics are widely applied to metallurgical, thermal and casting industries. However, the forsterite material has the weakness of large thermal expansion coefficient, so that the forsterite ceramic has poor thermal shock resistance and is prevented from being applied to a plurality of fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and aims to provide a preparation method of forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag, which can improve the recycling utilization of high-carbon ferrochrome slag waste, and the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag prepared by the method has excellent thermal shock resistance and can reduce the harm of chromium ions to the environment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag into a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 hours at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing 70-80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180-250 mu m; and then the screening material is subjected to machine press molding under the condition of 100-110 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 30-60 s, and then the screening material is dried for 12-24 h under the condition of 110-150 ℃ to obtain a dried green body.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 33 to 37 weight percent; mgO is 23-27 wt%; al (Al) 2 O 3 25 to 27 weight percent; cr (Cr) 2 O 3 7 to 9 weight percent; fe (Fe) 2 O 3 1 to 4 weight percent; caO is 0.8-1.0 wt%
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: 93 to 95 weight percent of MgO and SiO 2 1.0 to 1.5 weight percent; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.0 to 99.5 weight percent; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1-1.5.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure is 5-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60 s.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) The high-carbon ferrochrome slag in the raw materials adopted by the invention accounts for more than 70 weight percent, so that the outstanding problems of large stacking amount and difficult treatment of industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochrome slag are effectively solved, the effects of pollution prevention, waste utilization, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved, the recycling utilization of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag waste is obviously improved, and the method has obvious economic and social benefits.
(2) The invention utilizes the characteristics that high-carbon chromium iron slag contains a large amount of forsterite, spinel and the like, synthesizes magnesia spinel in situ by introducing magnesia fine powder and alumina fine powder, forms magnesia-alumina-chromium spinel by dissolving chromium with similar ionic radius in solution during development and growth, and remarkably improves the thermal shock resistance of forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag by synthesizing forsterite-spinel material with small thermal expansion coefficient.
(3) The invention solves the problem that the chromium-iron alloy which is not separated in the high-carbon chromium-iron slag can be oxidized into toxic chromium ions to the environment, and the detection result shows that the total chromium concentration of the forsterite-spinel ceramic leaching based on the high-carbon chromium-iron slag prepared by the invention is less than 0.5mg/L, which is far lower than the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification), and is environment-friendly and harmless.
Therefore, the recycling rate of the industrial solid waste high-carbon chromium iron slag is high, the recycling of the high-carbon chromium iron slag is improved, the environment is protected, and the method has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit; the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag has excellent thermal shock resistance and can reduce the harm of chromium ions to the environment.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting the scope thereof.
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the specific embodiment comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag into a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 hours at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing 70-80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180-250 mu m; and then the screening material is subjected to machine press molding under the condition of 100-110 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 30-60 s, and then the screening material is dried for 12-24 h under the condition of 110-150 ℃ to obtain a dried green body.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 33 to 37 weight percent; mgO is 23-27 wt%; al (Al) 2 O 3 25 to 27 weight percent; cr (Cr) 2 O 3 7 to 9 weight percent; fe (Fe) 2 O 3 1 to 4 weight percent; caO is 0.8-1.0 wt%
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: 93 to 95 weight percent of MgO and SiO 2 1.0 to 1.5 weight percent; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.0 to 99.5 weight percent; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1-1.5.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure is 5-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60 s.
Example 1
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the example comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2 hours at 600 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder 70wt%, the magnesium oxide fine powder 25wt% and the aluminum oxide fine powder 5wt%, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 4 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180 mu m; and then carrying out machine press forming on the screening material under the condition of 100MPa, maintaining the pressure for 30s, and drying for 12h under the condition of 110 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, then heating to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 34.9wt% MgO, 24.1wt% Al 2 O 3 25.8wt%, cr 2 O 3 8.1wt% of Fe 2 O 3 3.9wt% and 0.99wt% CaO.
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: mgO is 93.2wt%, siO 2 1.1 wt.%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.03wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure was 5MPa and the dwell time was 30s.
Example 2
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the example comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 2 hours at 620 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the weight percent of 70 percent, the weight percent of magnesium oxide fine powder and the weight percent of aluminum oxide fine powder with the weight percent of 15 percent, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 5 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 200 mu m; and then carrying out machine press forming on the screening material under the condition of 100MPa, maintaining the pressure for 40s, and drying for 15h under the condition of 120 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 920 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, then heating to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon ferrochrome slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 36.9wt% MgO, 23.1wt% Al 2 O 3 25.9wt%, cr 2 O 3 7.9wt% of Fe 2 O 3 3.1wt% and 0.95wt% CaO.
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: mgO is 93.8wt%, siO 2 1.15 wt.%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.19wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1.1.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure was 6MPa and the dwell time was 35s.
Example 3
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the example comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag into a muffle furnace, roasting for 2.5 hours at 640 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder 75wt%, the magnesium oxide fine powder 17wt% and the aluminum oxide fine powder 8wt%, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 6 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 220 mu m; and then carrying out machine press forming on the screening material under the condition of 105MPa, maintaining the pressure for 40s, and drying for 17h under the condition of 130 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 940 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, then heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 36wt%, mgO 24.9wt%, al 2 O 3 25.1wt%, cr 2 O 3 8.2wt% of Fe 2 O 3 2.7wt% and 0.92wt% CaO.
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: mgO 94.2wt%, siO 2 1.22 wt.%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.23wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1.2.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure was 7MPa and the dwell time was 40s.
Example 4
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the example comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag into a muffle furnace, roasting for 2.5 hours at 660 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing 73wt% of high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 20wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder and 7wt% of aluminum oxide fine powder, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 7 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 240 mu m; and then carrying out machine press forming on the screening material under the condition of 105MPa, maintaining the pressure for 50s, and drying for 19h under the condition of 140 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 960 ℃ at the speed of 6 ℃/min, then heating to 1220 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 35.5wt% MgO 25.4wt%, al 2 O 3 26.4wt%, cr 2 O 3 7.2wt% Fe 2 O 3 2.5wt% and 0.88wt% CaO.
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: mgO 94.5wt%, siO 2 1.29wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.31wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1.3.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure was 8MPa and the dwell time was 45s.
Example 5
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the example comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 680 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with the weight percent of 74, the weight percent of magnesium oxide fine powder with the weight percent of 16 and the weight percent of aluminum oxide fine powder with the weight percent of 10, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 250 mu m; and then carrying out machine press forming on the screening material under the condition of 110MPa, maintaining the pressure for 60s, and drying for 21h under the condition of 140 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 980 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, then heating to 1240 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 34.2wt% MgO, 26.1wt% Al 2 O 3 26.9wt%, cr 2 O 3 8.7wt% of Fe 2 O 3 1.1wt% and 0.81wt% CaO.
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: mgO is 94.7wt%, siO 2 1.39 wt.%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.39wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1.4.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure was 9MPa and the dwell time was 50s.
Example 6
Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromium iron slag and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the example comprises the following steps:
placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag in a muffle furnace, roasting for 3 hours at 700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm.
And step two, mixing 80wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 5wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, and placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill for ball milling for 8 hours to obtain the ball grinding material.
Step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 250 mu m; and then carrying out machine press forming on the screening material under the condition of 110MPa, maintaining the pressure for 60s, and drying for 24h under the condition of 150 ℃ to obtain a dried blank.
And fourthly, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, then heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag.
The chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 33.1wt% MgO, 26.9wt% Al 2 O 3 26.3wt%, cr 2 O 3 8.9wt% of Fe 2 O 3 1.7wt% and 0.85wt% CaO.
The chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: mgO 94.8wt%, siO 2 1.49wt%; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
Al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.47wt%; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
The ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1.5.
The pre-pressing and forming steps are as follows: the pressure was 10MPa and the dwell time was 60s.
Compared with the prior art, the specific embodiment has the following positive effects:
(1) The high-carbon ferrochrome slag in the raw materials adopted in the specific embodiment accounts for more than 70wt%, so that the outstanding problems of large stacking amount and difficult treatment of industrial solid waste high-carbon ferrochrome slag are effectively solved, the effects of pollution prevention, waste utilization, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved, the recycling utilization of high-carbon ferrochrome slag wastes is obviously improved, and obvious economic and social benefits are achieved.
(2) The specific embodiment utilizes the characteristics that high-carbon chromium iron slag contains a large amount of forsterite, spinel and the like, magnesium aluminate spinel is synthesized in situ by introducing magnesium oxide fine powder and aluminum oxide fine powder, chromium with similar solid solution ion radius can be formed into magnesium aluminate chromium spinel during development and growth, and the thermal shock resistance of the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag is remarkably improved by synthesizing the forsterite-spinel material with small thermal expansion coefficient.
(3) The specific embodiment solves the problem that the chromium-iron alloy which is not separated in the high-carbon chromium-iron slag can be oxidized into toxic chromium ions to the environment, and the detection result shows that the prepared forsterite-spinel ceramic leaching total chromium concentration based on the high-carbon chromium-iron slag is less than 0.5mg/L and is far lower than the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification), so that the method is environment-friendly and harmless.
Therefore, the recycling rate of the industrial solid waste high-carbon chromium iron slag is high, the recycling of the high-carbon chromium iron slag is improved, the environment is protected, and the method has remarkable social benefit and economic benefit; the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag has excellent thermal shock resistance and can reduce the harm of chromium ions to the environment.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on the high-carbon chromium iron slag is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
placing high-carbon ferrochrome slag into a muffle furnace, roasting for 2-3 hours at 600-700 ℃, cooling along with the furnace, crushing, and screening to obtain high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder with granularity less than or equal to 0.088mm;
step two, mixing 70-80 wt% of the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, 15-25 wt% of the magnesium oxide fine powder and 5-15 wt% of the aluminum oxide fine powder, placing the high-carbon ferrochrome slag fine powder, the magnesium oxide fine powder and the aluminum oxide fine powder into a ball mill, and ball milling for 4-8 hours to obtain a ball grinding material;
step three, pre-pressing and molding the ball-milling material, crushing and screening the molded blank to obtain a screened material with the granularity of 180-250 mu m; then the screening material is mechanically pressed and molded under the condition of 100-110 MPa, the pressure is maintained for 30-60 s, and then the screening material is dried for 12-24 h under the condition of 110-150 ℃ to obtain a dried blank;
step four, placing the dried green body in a box-type resistance furnace, firstly heating to 900-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-7 ℃/min, then heating to 1150-1250 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-3 h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag;
the chemical components of the high-carbon chromium iron slag are as follows: siO (SiO) 2 33 to 37 weight percent of MgO, 23 to 27 weight percent of Al 2 O 3 25 to 27wt percent of Cr 2 O 3 7 to 9 weight percent of Fe 2 O 3 1 to 4 weight percent and 0.8 to 1.0 weight percent of CaO;
the chemical components of the magnesium oxide fine powder are as follows: 93 to 95 weight percent of MgO and SiO 2 1.0 to 1.5 weight percent; the granularity of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm;
al of the alumina fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.0 to 99.5 weight percent; the granularity of the alumina fine powder is less than or equal to 0.088mm.
2. The method for preparing forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, wherein the ball-milling ball-material ratio is 1:1-1.5.
3. The method for producing a forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon ferrochrome slag according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-compression molding: the pressure is 5-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-60 s.
4. Forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromite slag, characterized in that it is a forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromite slag prepared according to the method for preparing forsterite-spinel ceramic based on high-carbon chromite slag of any one of claims 1 to 3.
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