CN112353850A - 用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112353850A
CN112353850A CN202011328982.9A CN202011328982A CN112353850A CN 112353850 A CN112353850 A CN 112353850A CN 202011328982 A CN202011328982 A CN 202011328982A CN 112353850 A CN112353850 A CN 112353850A
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fatty liver
hyperlipidemia
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吴正治
曾永长
梁少瑜
曾嫱
汪梦霞
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Shenzhen Institute of Gerontology
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:沙棘叶1~15份,辣木叶1~20份,菊苣1~15份,余甘子1~20份,马齿苋1~20份,决明子1~20份,野葛根1~15份,紫苏子1~15份,火麻仁1~20份,昆布1~16份,荷叶1~15份,壳寡糖0.1~3份,低聚木糖0.5~5份。以及,提供上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法。所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物疗效明确、作用靶点和药理效应清晰、原料来源广、成本低、制备方法简单,患者依从性高等特点,可以有效防治高血脂和缓解其引起的相关症状。

Description

用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于保健品技术领域,具体涉及一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
脂肪肝(fatty liver)是指由于各种原因引起的肝细胞内脂肪堆积过多的病变。调查数据显示我国成年人脂肪肝的发病率在20%-30%,已取代慢性乙型肝炎成为我国最常见慢性肝病。脂肪肝与高脂血症是一对孪生兄弟。据近年抽样调查数据,高脂血症在健康体检人群中的患病率更是高达46.8%。
现代医学对脂肪肝和高脂血症现在尚缺乏理想的治疗方法,主要的化学药物有他汀类、贝特类、胆固醇吸收抑制类,单一药物常常疗效有限,而且存在不同程度肝肾毒性、肌肉酸痛、甚至横纹肌溶解等副作用。
中医药被认为对高血脂、脂肪肝的疗效明确,而且安全低毒。中成药主要有:丹田降脂丸、血脂康胶囊、香丹清脂颗粒,降脂灵片等等,但是这些都属于药物类产品,这些药品需要在临床医生或者药师的指导下用药,不宜用于预防,不属于食同源类健康产品,且目前相关产品的成分不清楚、作用靶点不清楚。现代药理研究显示有大量药食同源的中药也具有良好降脂作用。为了充分发挥传统中医药的防治优势,开发系列早期预防、中期治疗、后期康复的安全有效的、质量可靠、有效成分清晰、作用靶点清楚的精准药膳,具有非常重要的意义和较大市场需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术之缺陷,提供一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物及其制备方法。
本发明提供一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:
沙棘叶1~15份,
辣木叶1~20份,
菊苣1~15份,
余甘子1~20份,
马齿苋1~20份,
决明子1~20份,
野葛根1~15份,
紫苏子1~15份,
火麻仁1~20份,
昆布1~16份,
荷叶1~15份,
壳寡糖0.1~3份,
低聚木糖0.5~5份。
以及,一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
按照上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的重量份称取原料,将沙棘叶,辣木叶,菊苣,余甘子,马齿苋,决明子,野葛根,紫苏子,火麻仁,昆布和荷叶混合,加8~15倍质量份的水浸泡15~60分钟,加热回流提取0.5~2小时,80~200目过滤,得第一提取液;
向药渣中加8~15倍质量份的水回流提取0.5~2小时,80~200目过滤,得第二提取液;
将第一提取液和第二提取液混合,浓缩,加入壳寡糖和低聚木糖,获得所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物。
本发明的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,蠲浊化湿、降脂护肝,防治高脂血症和脂肪肝。其具有显著的降血脂活性,降低总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白;抗炎、抗氧化、保护肝脏;提高总脂酶活性,加速脂肪降解;改善胰岛素抵抗,减少脂肪生成;改善肠道微生态,减少脂肪吸收。网络药理分析发现本品中很多成分可以有效的防治高血脂和缓解其引起的相关症状,是一款主成分清晰,靶点明确的精准药膳产品。进一步,所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法采用特定的工艺制备,效果好,成本低,符合产业化生产需要。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的中药原料-活性成分-作用靶点关联网络图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:
沙棘叶1~15份,
辣木叶1~20份,
菊苣1~15份,
余甘子1~20份,
马齿苋1~20份,
决明子1~20份,
野葛根1~15份,
紫苏子1~15份,
火麻仁1~20份,
昆布1~16份,
荷叶1~15份,
壳寡糖0.1~3份,
低聚木糖0.5~5份。
其中,上述原料中的大黄素甲醚、大黄酚、山莴苣苦素、菊苣内酯A、苦苣菜苷C等具有明显的抗炎活性。菊苣减少血清中TC、TG、LDL、AST、ALT水平,抑制IL-6、TNF-α、FFA、IKKβ、NF-κB p65表达,改善糖尿病-脂肪肝大鼠的肝细胞肿胀、坏死,抑制肝细胞中脂肪聚集。Lactucin通过抑制JAK2/STAT3磷酸化减少脂肪生成相关的基因表达,减少肥胖,保护肝脏。菊苣中的黄酮类化合物,比如Kaempferol、Luteolin具有抗氧化、抗炎作用,能保护肝脏。决明子中的蒽醌类化合物能抑制脂肪肝大鼠的脂肪过氧化,降低血清TC、TG、LDL、AST、ALT水平,保护肝脏,也能改善糖脂代谢。其中大黄素emodin减少血清TC、TG、LDL、AST、ALT水平,下调CYP2E1,增加PPARγ等基因表达,改善酒精性肝损伤和高脂血症。Chrysophanol降低血糖水平,减少血中TC、TG并增加HDL-C水平,抑制肥胖,同时减少IL1β、IL6,增加IL10,抑制炎症,这些作用于激活AMPK/SIRT1通路有关。Chrysophanol和Emodin通过降低gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)活性,升高GSH水平,增加CYP2E1表达抑制酒精性肝损伤,对脂肪肝和高脂血症有一定预防作用。Cassiaside B2抑制蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B),改善胰岛素抵抗,降低血糖;也能通过抑制5-HT2C减少饮食摄入,发挥抗肥胖作用。昆布多糖能增强LCAT、PL、LPL活性,降低血清TC、TG、LDL水平,减轻体重并改善高脂血症。Fucoidan减少糖尿病小鼠肝组织中FBG、TC、TG、AST、ALT、MDA水平以及增加血清中SOD、CAT、胰岛素水平,改善糖尿病引起的肝损伤。余甘子具有很好的抗高脂血症、抗动脉硬化、抗糖尿作用,其中的山奈酚和木犀草素可抑制DPP4活性发挥抗糖尿病作用。没食子酸减少脂质过氧化,降低AST、ALT水平,抑制TNFα和IL8,通过抗氧化发挥肝保护作用。EGCG不仅能明显降低体重,肠系膜脂肪量,空腹血糖,胰岛素抵抗,血清胆固醇和脂肪肝的严重程度;EGCG增加胆固醇7α-羟化酶,HMG-CoA还原酶,LDL水平,降低肠道胆汁酸含量;还能通过TGF/SMAD,PI3 K/Akt/FoxO1,NFκB等信号通路发挥抗氧化抗炎作用,从而减轻脂肪肝。Myricetin减少血糖、血清胆固醇、甘油三酯水平,降低血压;也有抗心律失常、保护心肌缺血作用,它能减慢异丙肾上腺素诱导的心律加快、减少血清LDH、CK、AST、ALT水平、升高SOD、CAT水平。Nuciferine减少饮食摄入、体重,降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C、FFA水平,抑制TNFα、IL6等炎症因子释放,增加SOD、CAT、GPx等抗氧化酶,改善胰岛素抵抗,调节脂肪生成的相关基因表达,最终改善高脂诱导的肝脏损伤变性和代谢综合征。紫苏子中含有亚油酸、α-亚麻酸等不饱和脂肪酸,亚油酸、α-亚麻酸能降低血浆中TC、TG水平,增加血清脂联素,改善胰岛素抵抗,减轻肝脏肿大,抑制TNFα表达。葛根素通过抗氧化作用保护肝脏,抑制脂质过氧化,减少血清中TC、TG、LDL-C,增加HDL-C,其降血脂作用与调节CYP7A1、HMG-CoA-R、LDLR有关。大豆苷元通过促进脂肪细胞分化,激活PPARγ来增加GLUT4和IRS-1表达,从而提高胰岛素刺激的脂肪细胞中葡萄糖摄取,发挥抗糖尿作用。马齿苋中富含ω-3脂肪酸、山奈酚、木樨草素、槲皮素、芹菜素等成分,能显著改善地塞米松诱导的高脂血症,包括降低血清总TC、TG、脂肪酸、LDL-C,升高HDL-C,抑制肝脏损伤。芹菜素诱导AMPK激活使PPARγ、SCD-1等与脂肪形成相关的基因表达降低,从而抑制脂肪形成。芹菜素不仅降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C,升高HDL-C,调节胆固醇代谢,从而发挥抗高脂血症的作用;也能抑制H2O2诱导的血管内皮细胞损伤,保护血管。壳聚糖(Chitosan)减轻高脂饮食诱导的大鼠体重、肝脏和心脏指数、脂肪/体重比,维持肝脏和血清SOD、ALT、AST活性,降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平,增加PPARα和肝脂肪酶(HL)表达,从而改善肝脏脂质的代谢,保护肝脏免受氧化损伤,可用于高脂血症治疗。网络药理学研究(图1)明确了所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物主治病症的相关靶点、有效成分、作用靶点,明确了主治病症-靶点-药效成分作用关系网络,明确了参与作用的生理/病理通路过程,同时,配方的成分-靶点-药理作用机制网络研究结果与主治病症衔接一致,符合现代精准医学原则。同时本品成本低,符合产业化生产需要。
优选地,所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成:沙棘叶8~10份,辣木叶5~7份,菊苣8~10份,余甘子8~10份,马齿苋5~7份,决明子8~10份,野葛根8~10份,紫苏子8~10份,火麻仁8~10份,昆布5~7份,荷叶5~7份,壳寡糖0.4~0.6份,低聚木糖0.8~1.2份。更具体地,所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成:沙棘叶9份,辣木叶6份,菊苣9份,余甘子9份,马齿苋6份,决明子9份,野葛根9份,紫苏子9份,火麻仁6份,昆布6份,荷叶6份,壳寡糖0.5份,低聚木糖1份。该处方全部采用食品级原料,安全有效,生产成本底,预防效果可靠。如图1所示,本品中很多成分可以有效的防治高血脂和缓解其引起的相关症状。是一款主成分清晰,靶点明确的精准药膳产品。由于网络药理学关系图1空间布局限制,用英文名称或缩写代替,具体中英文对应如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0002795174550000061
Figure BDA0002795174550000071
Figure BDA0002795174550000081
部分组分具体作用如表2所示:
表2
Figure BDA0002795174550000082
Figure BDA0002795174550000091
Figure BDA0002795174550000101
本发明实施例还提供上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
按照上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的重量份称取原料,将沙棘叶,辣木叶,菊苣,余甘子,马齿苋,决明子,野葛根,紫苏子,火麻仁,昆布和荷叶混合,加8~15倍质量份的水浸泡15~60分钟,加热回流提取0.5~2小时,80~200目过滤,得第一提取液;
向药渣中加8~15倍质量份的水回流提取0.5~2小时,80~200目过滤,得第二提取液;
将第一提取液和第二提取液混合,浓缩,加入壳寡糖和低聚木糖,获得所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物。
优选地,按照上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的重量份称取原料,将决明子、火麻仁破碎,用纱布袋封装,再与沙棘叶,辣木叶,菊苣,余甘子,马齿苋,野葛根,紫苏子,昆布,荷叶混合,加8~15倍质量份的水浸泡20~40分钟,加热回流提取0.5~2小时,100~200目过滤,得第一提取液;
向药渣中加8~15倍质量份的水,加热回流提取0.5~2小时,100~200目过滤,得第二提取液。
更具体地,所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,滤液减压浓缩至密度约为1.08,得浓缩液备用;浓缩液加入麦芽糊精,搅拌均匀,喷雾干燥(喷嘴进风温度设为150度,出风口温度80度),即得提取物粉末,备用。
取上述喷干粉加入壳寡糖和低聚木糖,混合均匀;分装,10g/袋,即得固体饮料。
或者,以上述喷雾干燥的粉末加入壳寡糖和低聚木糖,进行制粒,干燥,分装、10g/袋,制备成颗粒剂。
采用喷干粉,加入壳寡糖和低聚木糖等适宜的食品原料,进行制粒,干燥,压片;做成适宜的片剂形式即可。
产品的最终形式可以是多种,包括粉剂、颗粒、片剂、蜜丸、膏滋、口服液、糖浆剂等。制备工艺中,干燥方式可以是喷雾干燥、真空干燥、冷冻干燥等;制粒方法可以是干法制粒、湿法制粒、一步制粒等。
采用药学、食品、保健品等相关法规可以接受的方法,均可以对上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物进行提取、浓缩、干燥或粉碎,进一步加工为产品,保留复方的有效成分,制成适宜的给药形式(包括颗粒剂、粉剂、口服液、片剂等剂型)或者食品形式如压片糖果、餐粉、固体饮料等形式,满足市场对相关产品的需求,均属于本发明保护的范围。
以下通过具体配方和制备工艺的实施例来说明上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物及其制备方法。
实施例1:
称取沙棘叶9kg,辣木叶6kg,菊苣9kg,余甘子9kg,马齿苋6kg,野葛根9kg,紫苏子9kg,昆布6kg和荷叶6kg混合,将决明子9kg和火麻仁6kg破碎装袋,与上述组分混合,加水15倍浸泡30分钟,加热回流提取1小时,200目过滤,药渣加12倍水回流提取1小时;合并两次提取液,减压浓缩密度约为1.08,加入麦芽糊精适量,喷雾干燥,即得提取物;加入0.5kg寡聚糖和1kg低聚木糖,混合均匀,上粉末包装机,分装,制成固体饮料,10g/袋。
实施例2:
选择100位血脂高患者作为保健品每日服用上述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物制备的固体饮料,每天2~3次;每次取本品一袋,加入100~200毫升热水冲调搅至溶解后,食用。连服两周,有80%以上患者的血脂有不同程度的降低。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,其特征在于,所述药膳食疗组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成:
沙棘叶1~15份,
辣木叶1~20份,
菊苣1~15份,
余甘子1~20份,
马齿苋1~20份,
决明子1~20份,
野葛根1~15份,
紫苏子1~15份,
火麻仁1~20份,
昆布1~16份,
荷叶1~15份,
壳寡糖0.1~3份,
低聚木糖0.5~5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,其特征在于,所述药膳食疗组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成:
沙棘叶8~10份,
辣木叶5~7份,
菊苣8~10份,
余甘子8~10份,
马齿苋5~7份,
决明子8~10份,
野葛根8~10份,
紫苏子8~10份,
火麻仁8~10份,
昆布5~7份,
荷叶5~7份,
壳寡糖0.4~0.6份,
低聚木糖0.8~1.2份。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物,其特征在于,所述药膳食疗组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成:
沙棘叶9份,
辣木叶6份,
菊苣9份,
余甘子9份,
马齿苋6份,
决明子9份,
野葛根9份,
紫苏子9份,
火麻仁6份,
昆布6份,
荷叶6份,
壳寡糖0.5份,
低聚木糖1份。
4.一种用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
按照权利要求1~3任一所述的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的重量份称取原料,将沙棘叶,辣木叶,菊苣,余甘子,马齿苋,决明子,野葛根,紫苏子,火麻仁,昆布和荷叶混合,加8~15倍质量份的水浸泡15~60分钟,加热回流提取0.5~2小时,80~200目过滤,得第一提取液;
向药渣中加8~15倍质量份的水回流提取0.5~2小时,80~200目过滤,得第二提取液;
将第一提取液和第二提取液混合,浓缩,加入壳寡糖和低聚木糖,获得所述用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物。
5.如权利要求4所述的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,将决明子、火麻仁破碎,用纱布袋封装,再与沙棘叶,辣木叶,菊苣,余甘子,马齿苋,野葛根,紫苏子,昆布,荷叶混合。
6.如权利要求4所述的用于高脂血和脂肪肝的药膳食疗产品组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,向药渣中加10~15倍质量份的水。
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