CN1123530A - 具有带锯齿夹头的铣刀头 - Google Patents
具有带锯齿夹头的铣刀头 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
- B23C5/2465—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable the adjusting means being notches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/2204—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert
- B23C5/2226—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert for plate-like cutting inserts fitted on an intermediate carrier, e.g. shank fixed in the cutter body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
- B23C5/2472—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable the adjusting means being screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
- B23C5/2479—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable the adjusting means being eccentrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
- B23C5/2489—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable where the adjustment is made by changing the inclination of the inserts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
- Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
- Y10T407/1912—Tool adjustable relative to holder
- Y10T407/1914—Radially
- Y10T407/1916—And axially
- Y10T407/1918—Selectively
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
- Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
一种主要用于铝机加工的铣刀头,包含槽(4),该槽中装有带切削镶刀的夹头(2)和垫板(3)。夹头和垫板的相互接触的侧边被设置成相同方向的锯齿。垫板的另一边和槽的与垫板相接触的侧表面被设置成相同方向的锯齿,该锯齿的方向垂直于上述锯齿。以这种方式,使得相互独立、精确地沿径向和轴向调整切削刃成为可能。
Description
本发明涉及一种铣刀头,其中,切削镶刀安装在夹头上,夹头放置于围绕着铣刀头的周边的槽中,垫板也放置在每个槽中。通过形成在夹头和垫板上的根据权利要求1的特征部分的锯齿,刀刃能够进行径向和轴向的精密的调整。
具有切削元件、围绕铣刀头的外表面圆周地设置的切削刀具例如在D E-B-1102526中进行了描述。根据该专利说明书,切削元件通过锯齿楔和螺钉固定。然而这种结构不能对切削刃进行任何精密的调整,因为任何径向和轴向的位置改变都是逐步的和不连续的,每一步代表着每个锯齿的宽度。此外,这种结构对于克服离心力也不能带来任何安全性。
在US-A-3214825中公开了一种用于切削元件在铣刀体中的紧固装置,其包含多个锯齿表面,该锯齿表面具有轴向、径向和斜向的锯齿形式。尽管这种结构使得径向和轴向的调整成为可能,但它不允许进行线性调整或两个方向之一的独立调整,两个方向的调整是相互依赖的。这样,例如进行一定的径向调整,也就导致斜向的,进而也就导致轴向的位移。此外,这种调整和固定装置要求多个不同的元件,而这会导致不必要的复杂结构。特别地,其包含两个弱的断裂楔,其由于疲劳经常会断裂。此外,这种结构对于离心力来说也不是充分的安全。
因此,本发明的首要目的是提出一种铣刀,其使切削刃作径向和轴向的调整成为可能。
本发明的再一目的是提出一种铣刀,其使切削刃的轴向和径向的精密的、相互完全独立的调整成为可能。
本发明的另一目的是消除由于离心力的作用紧固装置中的任何部件突然飞出的风险。
本发明的进一步目的是通过尽可能少的分离的部件获得铣刀头上的切削刃的径向和轴向的精密的调整。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种简单的、可靠的切削镶刀紧固结构,其具有尽可能少的分离元件。
本发明的这些和其它目的已经以令人惊奇的方式、通过构成包含权利要求1的特征部分所限定的特征的铣刀而达到了。
下面,为了图示但不限定的目的,将结合附图及其所示优选实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
图1表示根据本发明的铣刀头的立体图,该铣刀头具有一个分解的切削位置。
图2表示根据本发明的装有镶刀的夹头的分解图。
图3表示夹头槽及其相关的夹头和垫板。
图4表示根据本发明的垫板的分解图。
一般地由1表示的铣刀头围绕其中心的转动轴线Z转动。围绕其周边的外表面上具有凹陷的槽4,该槽4的延伸方向实质上平行于铣刀头转动轴线。每个槽4是为了容置带有镶刀的夹头2和垫板3。夹头2包含镶刀槽14,该槽14用于通过锁定螺钉6将适当的切削镶刀5固定。切削镶刀的性能不是本发明的基本特征。然而,本发明的合适的应用场合是用切削镶刀对铝进行机加工,该切削镶刀在每一个切削角上具有钻石元件。根据图示的实施例,该切削镶刀是单侧型的、可转换角度的、方形基本形成的镶刀。在铣刀头中,在转动方向上的每个切削镶刀的前方,设置有切屑凹陷或切削槽22。
在夹头2和垫板3上的相互面对的表面上,分别形成有锯齿15和17。最好这此表面全部是锯齿的。根据图示的实施例,这些锯齿实质上是径向的。此外,当然是为了彼此之间良好配合的目的,例如,它们被成形为具有相同的脊宽、相同高度的角;以及脊之间的相同的深度。两个相邻脊之间的距离对本发明来说并不是受限制的,然而,其适合在0.5和3mm之间,最好在1和2mm之间。
垫板3的与表面17相对的表面18上也没有锯齿,最好在其全部表面都有。该表面18的锯齿的方向实质上垂直于表面17上的锯齿的方向,即实质上平行于铣刀头的转动轴线。两个锯齿方向之间的夹角相对于90°而言应该不偏离2°以上,最好不大于0°30′,因为,这样,径向和轴向的精密调整就能够不再被此相互依赖地完成。有关这些锯齿的形式和测度同样也适用于上述锯齿15和17。
可替换地,锯齿的方向可以被交换。这样,根据替换的实施例,锯齿15和17实质上平行于铣刀头的转动轴线,而锯齿16和18的方向实质上垂直于该转动轴线。
如图3所示,夹头槽4的两个侧壁16和20相互径向向外地靠拢。以这种方式,保证了夹头和垫板在离心力的作用下不被径向地甩出槽中。表面16和20之间的夹角能够在2和6°之间,最好在3和5以及4和5°之间。
销钉8被插入到槽4的底面上的孔中,该销钉8的头相对于其光滑的、柱状部分而言是偏心的。该偏心头置于夹头背部上的凹陷或通槽13中。偏心头适合地设置有六角形的孔或类似孔以便用来切削镶刀5上的切削刃的转动和轴向调整。销钉8的这种转动是通过在孔10中插入六角体的钥匙或类似件而完成的。该孔10的直径小于所述偏心头的直径,以便径向地固定销钉8。
为了径向调整切削刃,螺钉9被使用了,该螺钉9螺入到夹头中的螺孔11中。该螺钉也具有六角形的孔或类似孔,以便通过合适的钥匙使其转动成为可能。该钥匙从孔12而插入,该孔具有比螺纹部11小的直径。这一较小的直径带来两个优点:首先,螺钉9被径向地固定,其次,能够更容易地对准螺钉上的六角形孔。可选择的是,夹头上可设置有用于两个螺钉9的孔。
由于槽4径向向外地倾斜,夹头和垫板必须轴向地插入到槽中。为了使夹头和垫板的安装完全成为可能,夹头—垫板整体与槽的侧壁16和21之间留有一定的自由间隙是必要的,以便使偏心销钉8的头越过夹头的径向内侧,因为销钉8的头凸伸于槽4中,其后,当槽13已经到达偏心头的位置时,夹头能够被径向地向内压,因而与槽4的底面相抵靠。假如表面16和20之间的夹角称为α,偏心销钉8的头具有厚度b,则夹头表面23和槽表面20之间的b·sinα的间距是必要的,以便越过偏心销钉的头部。例如,假如b是4mm,α是4°,则所述间距理论上至少为0.28mm。此外,切削刃通过螺钉9和偏心销钉8被径向及轴向地精密调整。在这两个方向上调整能够完全独立地完成,因而,所获得的位置就能适合地被调整到很小的尺度。当预定的轴向和径向位置达到以后,切削位置就通过螺纹锁紧螺钉7A、7B而固定,该螺钉7A、7B分别螺入到螺纹通孔21A、21B中,该螺孔位于铣刀头体上。这些锁紧螺钉7A、7B在夹头的实质上光滑的表面23上施加直接的压力。因而,夹头和垫板以及切削刃被紧固并固定在要求的位置上。根据图示的实施例,设有两个锁紧螺钉7A、7B。然而,也可能的是例如可以具有一个或三个锁紧螺钉7。由于锁紧螺钉7所安装的位置实质上垂直于径向,它们也就克服了离心力的作用而固定在其位置上。此外,它们还具有这们的优点,即其不会消极地影响铣刀体的平衡。
通过以上所述的结构,切削刃的径向和轴向的定位的2μm的测定精度已经达到了。轴向和径向上的调整范围可以从0.5到1.5mm。所达到的两维的精确调整使得在机加工工件上获得非常平滑的表面成为可能,例如在铝机加工时。此外,由于切削刃被磨损,切削位置的要求经常的后续调整的可能性已经明显改进了切削经济性,因为同样的切削镶刀能够被重新研磨很多次。当使用很昂贵的切削镶刀时,这是很大的优点,特别是对于这样的切削镶力,该镶刀在其一个切削角上具有钻石或立方氮化物镶嵌物时更是如此。
Claims (7)
1.一种铣刀头,其中,切削镶刀安装在夹头(2)上,夹头放置于槽(4)中,槽(4)围绕着铣刀头的周边,垫板(3)也放置于每个槽中,其特征在于,每个槽的一个侧面(16)被设置成锯齿,其与垫放(3)的相应的锯齿侧面(18)相接触,夹头的一个侧面(15)被设置成锯齿,其与垫板(3)的另一侧面上的相应的锯齿相接触,该侧面(17)与垫板(3)的首次提到的锯齿侧面(18)相对,垫板的两个侧面(17、18)上的两个锯齿方向实质上是相互垂直的。
2.根据权利要求1的铣刀头,其特征在于,每个槽(4)的相互面对的两个侧面(16、20)径向向外地会聚,以便克服离心力而固定夹头(2)和垫板(3)。
3.根据权利要求1或2的铣刀头,其特征在于,用来轴向调整夹头(2)的偏心销钉(8)相对于夹头(2)径向向内地设置,因而,偏心销钉(8)的头位于夹头的径向内侧上的凹陷或槽(13)中,止于所达凹陷或槽(13)的孔(10)设置在夹头(2)中,该孔用来插入适合的钥匙来转动偏心销钉(8)。
4.根据步述任一权利要求的铣刀头,其特征在于,用于径向调整夹头(2)的螺钉(9)设置在夹头(2)中的实质上径向延伸的通孔(11、12)中。
5.根据步术任一权利要求所述的铣刀头,其特征在于,一个或多个锁紧螺钉(7A、7B)被设置成压抵夹头的与夹头的锯齿侧面相对的侧面(23),该侧面实质上是光滑的,因而可将夹头和垫板固定在槽中。
6.根据权利要求5的铣刀头,其特征在于,夹头的光滑侧面(23)和邻近的槽的侧表面(20)之间具有间隙,因而,该间隙的宽度大于或等于b·sinα,其中b是偏心销钉(8)的头的厚度,α是槽的两个相面对的侧表面(16、20)之间的夹角。
7.根据步术任一权利要求的铣刀头,其特征在于,槽(4)的两个相面对的侧表面(16、20)之间的夹角是在2和6°之间,最好是在3、5及4、5°之间。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE9301399-3 | 1993-04-27 | ||
SE9301399A SE502085C2 (sv) | 1993-04-27 | 1993-04-27 | Fräshuvud med rilltandade kassetter |
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CN1123530A true CN1123530A (zh) | 1996-05-29 |
CN1045405C CN1045405C (zh) | 1999-10-06 |
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CN94191900A Expired - Fee Related CN1045405C (zh) | 1993-04-27 | 1994-04-19 | 具有带锯齿夹头的铣刀头 |
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US (1) | US5529439A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0697933B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3095176B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100292963B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1045405C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE167822T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2160148A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69411384T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2120621T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL174997B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2111093C1 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE502085C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994025211A1 (zh) |
Cited By (5)
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CN1106240C (zh) * | 1997-04-11 | 2003-04-23 | 桑德维克公司 | 刀具 |
CN100534683C (zh) * | 2002-08-13 | 2009-09-02 | 钴碳化钨硬质合金维迪亚有限公司及两合公司 | 盘式刀具 |
CN102632288A (zh) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | 可调精加工面铣刀 |
CN104368869A (zh) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-25 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | 一种拉削刀具 |
CN104841994A (zh) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 径向可调节式重型切削层切铣刀 |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19706377C2 (de) * | 1997-02-19 | 2002-01-24 | Fette Wilhelm Gmbh | Plan- oder Eckfräser |
SE514591C2 (sv) * | 1997-10-15 | 2001-03-19 | Sandvik Ab | Fräsverktyg |
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- 1993-04-27 SE SE9301399A patent/SE502085C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1994-04-19 JP JP06524149A patent/JP3095176B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-19 RU RU95117971/02A patent/RU2111093C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-19 PL PL94311472A patent/PL174997B1/pl unknown
- 1994-04-19 KR KR1019950704681A patent/KR100292963B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-19 AT AT94914655T patent/ATE167822T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-19 ES ES94914655T patent/ES2120621T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-19 CN CN94191900A patent/CN1045405C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-19 DE DE69411384T patent/DE69411384T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-19 EP EP94914655A patent/EP0697933B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-19 WO PCT/SE1994/000344 patent/WO1994025211A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-04-19 CA CA002160148A patent/CA2160148A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-04-26 US US08/233,332 patent/US5529439A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1106240C (zh) * | 1997-04-11 | 2003-04-23 | 桑德维克公司 | 刀具 |
CN100534683C (zh) * | 2002-08-13 | 2009-09-02 | 钴碳化钨硬质合金维迪亚有限公司及两合公司 | 盘式刀具 |
CN102632288A (zh) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-15 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | 可调精加工面铣刀 |
CN104368869A (zh) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-25 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | 一种拉削刀具 |
CN104841994A (zh) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 径向可调节式重型切削层切铣刀 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5529439A (en) | 1996-06-25 |
EP0697933A1 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
PL311472A1 (en) | 1996-02-19 |
SE9301399D0 (sv) | 1993-04-27 |
DE69411384D1 (de) | 1998-08-06 |
KR960701723A (ko) | 1996-03-28 |
DE69411384T2 (de) | 1998-10-29 |
SE9301399L (sv) | 1994-10-28 |
EP0697933B1 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
KR100292963B1 (ko) | 2001-09-17 |
RU2111093C1 (ru) | 1998-05-20 |
PL174997B1 (pl) | 1998-10-30 |
JP3095176B2 (ja) | 2000-10-03 |
CA2160148A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
ES2120621T3 (es) | 1998-11-01 |
CN1045405C (zh) | 1999-10-06 |
SE502085C2 (sv) | 1995-08-07 |
ATE167822T1 (de) | 1998-07-15 |
WO1994025211A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
JPH08509430A (ja) | 1996-10-08 |
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