CN112352788A

CN112352788A - Agent for preventing and treating mixed fungi and mold on fungus stick

Info

Publication number: CN112352788A
Application number: CN202011096594.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-10-14
Filing date: 2020-10-14
Publication date: 2021-02-12

Abstract

The utility model provides a miscellaneous fungus mould prevention and cure agent for on fungus stick, including the mould inhibitor, inhibitor and germicide, it kills latent mould to carry out comprehensive disinfection after fungus stick preparation, use the mould inhibitor to carry out fumigation disinfection in the fungus room and kill surperficial mould, if mould still infects the back, the pertinent sterilization that carries out according to the infection degree of mould, use benzalkonium bromide and methyl thiophanate mixed liquid to carry out the elimination of mould at the initial stage of mould infection, spray many times through observing the growth situation of mould, the middle stage of mould infection uses polyoxin, zineb and carbendazim, still can not harm the growth of fungus when carrying out the killing of mould, not only can kill the mould on surface, can also kill inside mould through the systemic action of fungus, solve mould through many aspects.

Description

Agent for preventing and treating mixed fungi and mold on fungus stick

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mildew preventive, in particular to a mixed fungus and mildew control agent for fungus sticks.

Background

Moulds are a common name for filamentous fungi, i.e. "mildewed fungi", which tend to form a highly branched mycelium, but do not produce large fruit bodies like mushrooms. In moist and warm places, many articles have villous, flocculent or arachnoid colonies visible to the naked eye, which are green mold fungi. The hyphae of the mold. The basic unit constituting the mold trophosome is the hyphae. The hyphae are tubular filaments which are observed under a microscope, much like a transparent tube, and have a diameter of typically 3-10 microns, which is about several to tens of times thicker than the cells of bacteria and actinomycetes. Hyphae can elongate and branch, and many of the branched hyphae are interwoven together, called mycelium. The fungus is damaged in different production stages, once the fungus is attacked, the yield of light people is reduced, serious people are recovered, the fungus becomes an important obstacle for restricting the production and development of the fungus, the green mold is a large enemy in edible fungus cultivation, mainly occurs on fungus blocks without fungus growth, materials which are not thoroughly disinfected and dead mushrooms which are not removed, and the green mold is easy to propagate in an environment with high acidity and humidity. Spores of the fungi are quickly spread and rapidly propagated in the air, if the fungi are not treated timely, the fungi are seriously lost, the treatment of the fungi is mainly carried out in advance, the fungi are treated early, different medicaments are used in stages according to the degree that the fungi infect a fungus stick, and the germs are killed by various methods.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a control agent for mixed fungi and mold on fungus sticks in different stages.

The invention adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that: a preventing and treating agent for the mixed fungus and fungus on fungus rod is prepared from the mildew-proof agent used to prevent the infection of fungus rod, which contains calcium lime, potassium permanganate, formaldehyde and plant ash,the mildew preventive is potassium permanganate and formaldehyde, and the mildew preventive is used at a concentration of 10ml/m³Adding 5g/m of formaldehyde³Potassium permanganate is added according to the ratio of 2: 1 proportion is prepared, large-area disinfection can be realized after the formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate are fumigated, the residual quantity is in a safe range according to the proportion, the formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate are fumigated and disinfected by generally using a ceramic or glass container, because the potassium permanganate and the formaldehyde are corrosive, and react violently after being mixed, and heat is released. The formaldehyde is poured into the potassium permanganate, formaldehyde gas can be released through the strong reducibility of the formaldehyde to realize sterilization and disinfection, the formaldehyde is mixed with the potassium permanganate vulcanizing liquid, oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out by heating to promote the volatilization of the formaldehyde, the room is filled with the formaldehyde gas, the formaldehyde can cause the mycoprotein to denature and solidify and dissolve the mycoprotein, and bacterial propagules, subtosporium fungi and viruses on the surface of an object and in the air can be killed, so pathogenic microorganisms can be killed after a certain period of time.

Further perfected, the prevention and treatment agent also comprises an inhibitor used in the early stage of infection, the inhibitor comprises benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl, the inhibitor adopts powder with the concentration of benzalkonium bromide being 72%, the thiophanate methyl is powder with the concentration of 70%, and the benzalkonium bromide and the thiophanate methyl are mixed according to the ratio of 1: diluting by 3000 times, and mixing the components according to a weight ratio of 1: 1, benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl can promote the growth of hyphae while sterilizing, is one of the most commonly used surfactants, has the effects of cleaning, sterilizing and disinfecting, has the killing rate of heterotrophic bacteria of 98.9 percent, has lower toxicity than the benzalkonium bromide which has the killing rate of 98.3 percent of heterotrophic bacteria, has high efficiency and low toxicity to sterilization, is soluble in water, is not influenced by water hardness, is convenient to use, has low cost and the like. Thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum systemic low-toxicity bactericide, has systemic, prevention and treatment effects, is a high-efficiency low-toxicity bactericide, has prevention and systemic effects, can be converted into carbendazim after entering a plant body, belongs to benzimidazoles, and can promote the growth of hyphae by controlling the used dosage.

Further perfecting, the control agent also comprises a bactericide used in moderate infection, the bactericide comprises polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin, the bactericide uses polyoxin as 1000 times liquid of 2% wettable powder, the zineb is 800 times liquid of 80% wettable powder, the jinggangmycin is 800 times liquid of 5% water agent, the bactericide is 1: 1: 2, the polyoxin has unique action mechanism, can selectively inhibit the synthesis of chitin which is a component of fungal cell walls, can cause local enlargement and rupture of germ tubes and mycelia, and can cause death due to excretion of cell contents, can also inhibit the generation of spores and the enlargement of disease spots, the synthesis of the chitin in the fungal cell walls needs an enzymatic chitin synthetase, the polyoxin has a structure similar to a substrate uridine diphosphate acetamido glucose of the chitin synthetase, the affinity to the enzyme is nearly thousand times that of the substrate, zineb is safe to plants, has chemical active waves, can be oxidized into an isothiocyanate compound easily in water, has strong inhibiting effect on the enzyme containing-SH groups in pathogenic bacteria, can directly kill the spores and inhibit the germination of the spores, the jinggangmycin is an antibiotic produced by actinomycetes, is a white powder, is easy to dissolve in water, has strong systemic therapeutic action, is easy to be absorbed by thallus cells and quickly conducted in the thallus cells, interferes and inhibits the growth and development of the thallus cells, is stable in neutral, weak acid and weak base media at normal temperature, is easy to decompose in strong base and strong acid media, is brown transparent liquid in appearance, has no odor, is low in toxicity to people and livestock, and is safe to fish and bees. The residual period can reach 15-20 days, the bactericide can be used together with various bactericides, the surface germ killing can not effectively stop the infection of the mould aiming at the infection severity, and the mould is killed by the internal and external combined sterilization so that the mould is not easy to relapse.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

mildew preventive: putting 100 parts of potassium permanganate into an enamel jar, adding 200 parts of 40% formaldehyde solution, reacting potassium permanganate with formaldehyde to generate a large amount of heat, boiling the liquid medicine, and volatilizing formaldehyde in a gas form;

inhibitor (B): taking 10 parts of 72% benzalkonium bromide wettable powder, adding 10 parts of water, melting and preparing a benzalkonium bromide mother solution, and mixing the benzalkonium bromide mother solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water to dilute the mixture to obtain 30000 parts of benzalkonium bromide solution for later use, adding 10 parts of thiophanate methyl wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water for dilution to obtain 30000 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, pouring the mixture into benzalkonium bromide solution and stirring uniformly;

and (3) bactericide: adding 10 parts of polyoxin 2% wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, wherein the weight ratio of the mother solution to the wettable powder is 1: adding 1000 times of water for dilution to obtain 10000 parts of polyoxin solution for later use, adding 10 parts of zineb 80% wettable powder into 10 parts of water for preparing a mother solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of zineb solution, and mixing 10 parts of 5% jinggangmycin water according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of jinggangmycin solution, mixing the polyoxin solution, the zineb solution and the jinggangmycin solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 2 to obtain the bactericide.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention uses the specific mould mildew preventive aiming at different degrees of mould infection on the fungus stick, after the sterilization is finished and the bag is packed, the mold control on the surface of the fungus stick and the storage place is needed, the fumigation sterilization is carried out by using formaldehyde and potassium permanganate, when the fungus is infected subsequently, the inhibitor can be used for inhibiting and eliminating mildew at the early stage of mildew infection, the inhibitor is a mixed solution of benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl which is prepared in proportion, the sterilization liquid can kill bacteria and has the function of promoting the growth of hyphae, when the fungal infection is serious, the used bactericide is a mixed liquid prepared by mixing polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin in proportion, can effectively kill external mould, and can absorb the bactericide to the mould in the inner deep layer through the systemic action of mushroom to kill the deep mould.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples: it should be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Transferring the prepared fungus stick into mushroom house, and using 10ml/m³Adding 5g/m of formaldehyde³Vaporizing potassium permanganate to perform fumigation disinfection, putting 100 parts of potassium permanganate into an enamel tank, adding 200 parts of 40% formaldehyde solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, the potassium permanganate and the formaldehyde react to generate a large amount of heat to boil the liquid medicine, so that the formaldehyde is volatilized in a gas form, ventilation is carried out for 2 hours after the mushroom house is closed for 24 hours, and the residual quantity in the air is detected after the mushroom house is filled with the liquid medicine.

Example 2

Transferring the prepared fungus stick into mushroom house, and using 20ml/m³Adding 10g/m of formaldehyde³Vaporizing potassium permanganate to perform fumigation disinfection, putting 100 parts of potassium permanganate into an enamel tank, adding 200 parts of 40% formaldehyde solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, the potassium permanganate reacts with the formaldehyde to generate a large amount of heat, so that the liquid medicine is boiled, the formaldehyde is volatilized in a gas form, ventilation is carried out for 2 hours after the mushroom house is closed for 24 hours, and the liquid medicine enters the mushroom house to detect the residual quantity in the air.

Example 3

Transferring the prepared fungus stick into mushroom house, and using 30ml/m³Adding 15g/m of formaldehyde³Vaporizing potassium permanganate to perform fumigation disinfection, putting 100 parts of potassium permanganate into an enamel tank, adding 200 parts of 40% formaldehyde solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, the potassium permanganate and the formaldehyde react to generate a large amount of heat to boil the liquid medicine, so that the formaldehyde is volatilized in a gas form, ventilation is carried out for 2 hours after the mushroom house is closed for 24 hours, and the residual quantity in the air is detected after the mushroom house is filled with the liquid medicine.

Example 4

Taking 10 parts of 72% benzalkonium bromide wettable powder out, adding 10 parts of water to melt and prepare benzalkonium bromide mother liquor, and mixing the benzalkonium bromide mother liquor according to the proportion of 1: adding 3000 times of water to dilute the solution to obtain 30000 parts of benzalkonium bromide solution for later use, adding 10 parts of thiophanate methyl wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, and mixing the mother solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water for dilution to obtain 30000 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: the mixture is poured into benzalkonium bromide solution according to the proportion of 1, stirred uniformly and sprayed to infected parts, and the mould inhibition condition is observed after 2 days.

Example 5

Taking 10 parts of 72% benzalkonium bromide wettable powder out, adding 10 parts of water to melt and prepare benzalkonium bromide mother liquor, and mixing the benzalkonium bromide mother liquor according to the proportion of 1: adding 3000 times of water to dilute the solution to obtain 30000 parts of benzalkonium bromide solution for later use, adding 10 parts of thiophanate methyl wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, and mixing the mother solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water for dilution to obtain 30000 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: pouring the mixture into benzalkonium bromide solution according to the proportion of 1.5, uniformly stirring, spraying the mixture to an infected part, and observing the mildew inhibition condition after 2 days.

Example 6

Taking 10 parts of 72% benzalkonium bromide wettable powder out, adding 10 parts of water to melt and prepare benzalkonium bromide mother liquor, and mixing the benzalkonium bromide mother liquor according to the proportion of 1: adding 3000 times of water to dilute the solution to obtain 30000 parts of benzalkonium bromide solution for later use, adding 10 parts of thiophanate methyl wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, and mixing the mother solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water for dilution to obtain 30000 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 2, pouring the mixture into benzalkonium bromide solution, uniformly stirring, spraying the mixture to an infected part, and observing the mould inhibition condition after 2 days.

Example 7

Adding 10 parts of polyoxin 2% wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, wherein the weight ratio of the mother solution to the wettable powder is 1: adding 1000 times of water for dilution to obtain 10000 parts of polyoxin solution for later use, adding 10 parts of zineb 80% wettable powder into 10 parts of water for preparing a mother solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of zineb solution, and mixing 10 parts of 5% jinggangmycin water according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of jinggangmycin solution, mixing the polyoxin solution, the zineb solution and the jinggangmycin solution according to a weight ratio of 1: 2: 1, spraying and disinfecting the infected part, and checking the killing degree of the mildew and the influence on hyphae at intervals of 3 days.

Example 8

Adding 10 parts of polyoxin 2% wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, wherein the weight ratio of the mother solution to the wettable powder is 1: adding 1000 times of water for dilution to obtain 10000 parts of polyoxin solution for later use, adding 10 parts of zineb 80% wettable powder into 10 parts of water for preparing a mother solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of zineb solution, and mixing 10 parts of 5% jinggangmycin water according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of jinggangmycin solution, mixing the polyoxin solution, the zineb solution and the jinggangmycin solution according to the weight ratio of 2: 1: 1, spraying and disinfecting the infected part, and checking the killing degree of the mildew and the influence on hyphae at intervals of 3 days.

Example 9

Adding 10 parts of polyoxin 2% wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, wherein the weight ratio of the mother solution to the wettable powder is 1: adding 1000 times of water for dilution to obtain 10000 parts of polyoxin solution for later use, adding 10 parts of zineb 80% wettable powder into 10 parts of water for preparing a mother solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of zineb solution, and mixing 10 parts of 5% jinggangmycin water according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of jinggangmycin solution, mixing the polyoxin solution, the zineb solution and the jinggangmycin solution according to a weight ratio of 1: 1: 2, spraying and disinfecting the infected part, and checking the killing degree of the mildew and the influence on hyphae at intervals of 3 days.

The effect of the mildewcide is shown in the following table

The effect of the inhibitors is shown in the table below

The effect of the germicide is shown in the following table

According to the table, the residual quantity of the fumigation gas which is used for preventing the mildew from being sterilized after evaporation is required to be adjusted according to the standard, so that the actual fumigation quantity is adjusted to play a role, benzalkonium bromide and methyl thiophanate contained in the inhibitor are sterilizing agents, but the benzalkonium bromide and the methyl thiophanate do not have obvious influence on edible fungi, the used dosage is controlled, the mildew can be killed, the growth of the using fungi can be promoted, polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin are contained in the sterilizing agents, the effects of the sterilizing agents can be divided into external surface sterilization and internal absorption type sterilization, and the sterilizing agents do not contain residues and do not have influence on the edible fungi.

In the embodiment 1, the mould in the mushroom house is basically killed by fumigating the formaldehyde and the potassium permanganate, and the residual quantity in the air in the mushroom house is in a safe range.

In example 2, the amount of formaldehyde and potassium permanganate is increased, so that the residual amount in the air in the mushroom house is too large.

In example 3, the dosage of formaldehyde and potassium permanganate is increased continuously, although the mildew killing degree is deeper, the residual quantity in the air has certain influence on the human body.

Benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl in example 4 were mixed according to 1: the concentration of 1 also works well for the growth of hyphae than can kill most bacteria.

Benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl in example 5 were mixed according to 1: the proportion of 1.5 increases the content of thiophanate methyl, and influences the growth of hyphae.

Benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl in example 6 were mixed according to 1: 2, the deep mould is killed more thoroughly, but certain inhibition effect is generated on the subsequent growth of hypha.

In example 7, polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin were mixed according to a ratio of 1: 2: the proportion of 1 has obvious inhibiting effect on the mould, but the deep mould is not thoroughly killed.

In example 8 polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin were mixed according to 2: 1: 1, most of the mould fungi are killed after 42 hours of spraying, but the deep mould fungi are not completely killed.

In example 9, polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin were mixed according to a ratio of 1: 1: the proportion of 2 has obvious inhibition effect on the mould, and the surface layer and the deep layer of the mould are thoroughly killed.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mixed fungus and mold control agent for a fungus stick is characterized in that: the control agent comprises a mildew inhibitor used for preventing the infection of the fungus sticks, and the mildew inhibitor comprises quick lime, potassium permanganate, formaldehyde and plant ash.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises: the mildew preventive is potassium permanganate and formaldehyde, and the mildew preventive is used at 10ml/m³Adding 5g/m of formaldehyde³Potassium permanganate is added according to the ratio of 2: blending at a ratio of 1.

3. The control agent for undesired fungi and mold on a stick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the preventing and treating agent also comprises an inhibitor used in the initial stage of infection, and the inhibitor comprises benzalkonium bromide and thiophanate methyl.

4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the composition comprises: the inhibitor is prepared by mixing benzalkonium bromide with a concentration of 72% and thiophanate methyl with a concentration of 70% according to a ratio of 1: diluting by 3000 times, and mixing the components according to a weight ratio of 1: 1, and mixing.

5. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the composition comprises: the prevention and treatment agent also comprises a bactericide used in moderate infection, wherein the bactericide comprises polyoxin, zineb and jinggangmycin.

6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the composition comprises: the bactericide is a 1000-time solution of polyoxin which is 2% wettable powder in concentration, the zineb is 800-time solution of 80% wettable powder in concentration, the jinggangmycin is 800-time solution of 5% water agent in concentration, and the bactericide is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 1: 1: 2, blending.

7. The control agent for mixed fungi and mold on a fungus stick according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following steps:

(1) mildew preventive: putting 100 parts of potassium permanganate into an enamel jar, adding 200 parts of 40% formaldehyde solution, reacting the potassium permanganate with the formaldehyde to generate a large amount of heat, so that the liquid medicine is boiled, and the formaldehyde is volatilized in a gas form;

(2) inhibitor (B): taking 10 parts of 72% benzalkonium bromide wettable powder, adding 10 parts of water, melting and preparing a benzalkonium bromide mother solution, and mixing the benzalkonium bromide mother solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water to dilute the solution to obtain 30000 parts of benzalkonium bromide solution for later use, adding 10 parts of thiophanate methyl wettable powder into 10 parts of water to prepare a mother solution, and mixing the mother solution according to the weight ratio of 1: adding 3000 times of water for dilution to obtain 30000 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, pouring the mixture into benzalkonium bromide solution and stirring uniformly;

(3) and (3) bactericide: adding 10 parts of water into 10 portions of 2% polyoxin wettable powder to prepare a mother solution, wherein the weight ratio of the mother solution to the wettable powder is 1: adding 1000 times of water for dilution to obtain 10000 parts of polyoxin solution for later use, adding 10 parts of zineb 80% wettable powder into 10 parts of water for preparing a mother solution, and mixing the solution according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of zineb solution, and mixing 10 parts of 5% jinggangmycin water according to the weight ratio of 1: diluting with 800 times of water to obtain 8000 parts of jinggangmycin solution, mixing the polyoxin solution, the zineb solution and the jinggangmycin solution according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 2 to obtain the bactericide.