CN112335683B - Liquid medicine for preventing and controlling pineapple water core disease and method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid medicine for preventing and controlling pineapple water core disease and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid medicine for preventing and controlling pineapple water core disease and a method thereof, wherein the liquid medicine is sprayed in the growth stage of pineapple fruits, and the formula of the liquid medicine comprises 0.5-10% of potassium salt, 0.5-5% of dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.5-10% of magnesium salt by mass percent. The liquid medicine is easy to obtain, the spraying method is simple and feasible, the incidence rate of the pineapple water heart disease can be greatly reduced, and the loss of farmers caused by the pineapple water heart disease is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pineapple planting, in particular to a liquid medicine for preventing and controlling pineapple water core disease and a method thereof.
Background
The pineapple is the third largest tropical fruit in China and is an important position in the war office in economic development of tropical and subtropical regions in China. Pineapple fruit of the pineapple is a physiological disease. After cutting, the section of the pulp is water-soaked. It is more common in cocaine and its hybrids. Such fruits are poor in commercial performance and once found, the pineapple fruits present difficulties in sale throughout the land. In the wholesale market, once the fruit of the Chinese pistachio is found, the whole batch of the pineapples faces the dilemma that can not be sold and can only be thrown away on the spot. The fruit always brings great loss to farmers. The research on the formation reason of the pineapple fruit and the research and development of the prevention and treatment measures of the pineapple fruit have important significance for the healthy development of the pineapple industry in China.
At present, research literature on pineapple water heart disease is not seen at home and abroad. But the research article about fruits such as apples, peaches, pears and the like. In the apple water core disease affected part, the intercellular spaces are filled with liquid to cause tissue translucency, the water core disease generally starts to be affected from the periphery of the vascular bundle core line, the special change of the state of water inside the fruit is suggested to cause the water core disease, and the fruit temperature can influence the transpiration rate of the fruit, thereby influencing the state of the water inside the fruit (Yamada et al, 2004). The contents of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid in the diseased part and the non-diseased part of Fuji apple water core at the storage stage and the activities of four enzymes involved in the ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle were analyzed. The hydrogen peroxide content in the diseased part of the water core is found to be obviously higher than that in the non-diseased part. The ascorbic acid content in the diseased part is lower than that in the non-diseased part in the harvest period. During the storage phase, the ascorbic acid content was reduced both at the diseased site and at the non-diseased site (Kasai et al, 2010). The integrity of the middle layer and basal layer of the cell wall of the mangosteen water core disease attack part is lost and is in a water swelling state (Matra et al, 2019). The pectin content in the diseased part is higher than that in the non-diseased part, and the pectin content in the diseased part is higher than that in the non-diseased part (Matra et al, 2019). 33% of the pear trees pruned in summer have water heart disease, and 50% of the pear trees not pruned in summer have water heart disease. Gibberellin treatment can induce the development of pear tree water core disease (Tamura et al, 2003). The ethylene content of the part with the peach heart disease is higher than that of the part without the peach heart disease; the incidence rate of the large fruit core diseases is higher than that of the small fruit fruits; the large fruit generally has large fruit cell volume which is possibly sensitive to water heart disease; the content of sorbitol, fructose and glucose in the part with the peach heart disease is higher than that in the part without the disease, and the content of sucrose in the part with the heart disease is lower than that in the part without the disease; about 90% of the intracellular carbohydrates in the peach pulp cells are sucrose; but the contents of sorbitol, fructose and glucose in the peach intercellular spaces are higher than the content of sucrose; the saccharides in the peach intercellular spaces may be accumulated at the site of the onset of the water heart disease. Peach heart disease is mostly seen in big fruits, which generally have high saccharide content (Hayama, 2015). The pathogenesis of the water core disease of different fruits is different, the prevention and treatment means are also different, no medicament suitable for preventing and treating the pineapple water core disease exists at present, and the inventor aims to develop a liquid medicine which can effectively prevent and control the pineapple water core disease.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a pineapple water heart disease prevention and control liquid medicine and a method thereof, which can significantly reduce the incidence rate of pineapple water heart disease and reduce losses of farmers caused by pineapple water heart disease.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the liquid medicine for preventing and controlling pineapple water core disease is prepared with potassium salt in 0.5-10 wt%, dodecyl benzene sulfonate in 0.5-5 wt% and magnesium salt in 0.5-10 wt%.
A method for preventing and controlling pineapple water core disease comprises the step of spraying a liquid medicine at the growth stage of pineapple fruits, wherein the liquid medicine comprises 0.5-10% of potassium salt, 0.5-5% of dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.5-10% of magnesium salt in percentage by mass.
Further, the spraying object is pineapple fruits and/or pineapple crown buds.
Further, the spraying frequency is 1-5 times, and the spraying amount is 80-120 ml each time; the spraying frequency is preferably 3 times, the spraying amount is 100ml each time, the pineapple can be absorbed and utilized maximally, and the waste is avoided.
Furthermore, the first spraying time of spraying is 28-32 days before fruit harvest, so that the spraying effect can be greatly improved.
Further, the specific operations before and after spraying are as follows: wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits at 11 pm to 2 am, covering paper bags with the crown buds exposed outside, spraying the crown buds, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day.
Further, the potassium salt is at least one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride;
the magnesium salt is at least one of magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride;
the dodecyl benzene sulfonate is at least one of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Furthermore, the spraying frequency is 3 times, the spraying time is 28-32 days before the first time, 18-22 days before the second time and 8-12 days before the third time.
Further, the liquid medicine comprises liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying a liquid medicine A28-32 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A comprises 2-3% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.3-1.7% of magnesium sulfate according to mass percentage;
(2) spraying a liquid medicine B18-22 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B comprises 3-4% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.3-1.7% of magnesium sulfate in percentage by mass;
(3) spraying a liquid medicine C8-12 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C comprises 4.5-5.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.3-1.7% of magnesium sulfate according to mass percentage.
Further, the method for preventing and controlling the pineapple water heart disease comprises the following steps:
(1) wrapping the pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper 30 days before harvesting, and binding the toilet paper with thread ropes with crown buds exposed outside; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A to toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by a spraying pot from 11 pm to 2 am, covering a paper bag with the crown buds exposed outside, spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A to the crown buds, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day; the formula of the liquid medicine A comprises 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate by mass percentage;
(2) wrapping the pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper 20 days before harvesting, and binding the toilet paper with thread ropes with crown buds exposed outside; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, sleeving a paper bag with the corolla exposed outside, spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day; the formula of the liquid medicine B comprises 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate in percentage by mass;
(3) wrapping the pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper 10 days before harvesting, and binding the toilet paper with thread ropes with crown buds exposed outside; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, sleeving a paper bag with the crown buds exposed outside, spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the crown buds, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day; the formula of the liquid medicine C comprises, by mass, 5.0% of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5% of magnesium sulfate.
Further, the pineapple is one of Tainong No. 4, Bali, Jinzui, sweet honey and golden pineapple.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the dodecyl benzene sulfonate is adopted, so that the synchronous absorption of potassium salts and magnesium salts by pineapple fruits is promoted, the effects are exerted jointly, and the pineapple water core disease is effectively prevented. The method for preventing the pineapple water core disease can greatly reduce the incidence rate of the pineapple water core disease and reduce the loss of farmers caused by the pineapple water core disease. And the proper spraying time, spraying mode and the like are selected, so that the morbidity of the pineapple water heart disease can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the pineapple water heart disease can be reduced to below 0.1% in high-temperature rainy days.
The inventor finds that the main reason for the formation of the pineapple water core disease is high temperature and raininess in the mature period of the pineapple fruit, the root system of the pineapple plant can not perform aerobic respiration in a water-flooded state, and the synthesized ATP is reduced. In the pineapple fruit intercellular space, the photosynthesis product cane sugar enters the cell, need intracellular hydrogen ion pump to go out of the cell, then hydrogen ion and cane sugar molecular instrument enter the fruit cell. Due to the reduction of synthesized ATP, hydrogen ions in fruit cells cannot be pumped out of the cells, the hydrogen ions outside the cells are reduced, and a large number of sucrose molecules stay in the intercellular spaces. Sucrose molecules are themselves osmotic agents, which can absorb water from the cells to form water stains, resulting in water core disease. According to the invention, potassium salt is added into the liquid medicine, and potassium ions and hydrogen ions have similar size and charge and can partially replace the function of hydrogen ions; after the potassium salt is sprayed, the potassium ions replace hydrogen ions, and the sucrose molecules are carried into cells, so that the intercellular sucrose molecules are reduced, the water stain is reduced, and the symptoms of the water heart disease are relieved or disappeared.
(2) The inventor also finds that the magnesium salt is added into the liquid medicine to effectively reduce the water core disease. Magnesium is an important component of ATP kinase. In the presence of magnesium, ATP can undergo hydrolysis, releasing energy. With these energies, hydrogen ions pass from inside the cell through the cell membrane into the intercellular space. Without the participation of magnesium, hydrogen ions can not enter intercellular spaces, so that the photosynthesis product sucrose can not enter the cells, stays in the intercellular spaces, absorbs water, forms water stains and causes water core diseases.
(3) The liquid is directly sprayed on the pineapple fruits, and the liquid can slide down due to the waxy layer on the surfaces of the pineapple fruits and the surface tension, so that the pineapple fruits can effectively absorb very little liquid. The inventor finds that the addition of the dodecylbenzene sulfonate in the liquid medicine can effectively break the wax layer and the surface tension on the fruit surface and promote the absorption of potassium salt and magnesium salt by the pineapple fruit.
(4) In addition, the invention preferably sprays the liquid medicine on the surfaces of the pineapple fruits and the crown buds directly, can shorten the distance of the liquid medicine to the action part and improve the utilization efficiency of the liquid medicine.
(5) The liquid medicine of the invention enters plant tissues through pores on the surface of the plant. In the daytime, the stomata on the surface of the plant are closed, and the absorption rate of the liquid medicine is relatively low. The invention preferably selects one tenth night to two early morning days, the air holes on the surfaces of the pineapple fruits are open, the absorption rate of the sprayed liquid medicine is high, and the use efficiency of the liquid medicine can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing that pineapple fruits are wrapped with toilet paper 30 days before harvesting in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a paper bag for bagging pineapple fruits after spraying;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the present invention for performing a flooding treatment on pineapple plants;
FIG. 4 shows uncut fruit and normal fruit of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows the cut-open normal fruits of test group 7 in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cut-open fruit of Cornus mandshurica in control group 1 of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
The flower forcing and flower forcing pretreatment mode of the invention is the prior art.
The liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C of the invention are all contained in the formula according to the mass percentage.
Example 1
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. As shown in figure 1, wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, binding the toilet paper with thread ropes, and exposing crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, sleeving paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, sleeving the paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
20 days before harvest, the fruit is flooded (as shown in figure 3). And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
Preparing a liquid medicine C10 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 5.0 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
The following test groups were set according to the above spraying formula and spraying method, respectively, and compared with the control group (no spraying of the liquid medicine a, the liquid medicine B, and the liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying only the liquid medicine A |
| Test group 2 | Only spraying the liquid medicine B |
| Test group 3 | Spraying only the liquid medicine C |
| Test group 4 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B |
| Test group 5 | Spraying liquid medicine B + C |
| Test group 6 | Spraying liquid medicine A + C |
| Test group 7 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
And harvesting pineapples at due, cutting the fruits, and respectively counting the incidence rate of the water heart disease.
The statistics of the results show that the morbidity of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C is 20%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicine A is 5%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicine B is 7%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicine C is 13%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine A + B is 3%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine B + C is 6%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine A + C is 3.7%, and the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine A + B + C is 0.1%.
Example 2
The difference between the present example and example 1 is that the formulation of the liquid medicine A is 0.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.5% of magnesium sulfate;
the formula of the liquid medicine B is 10 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 5 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 10 percent of magnesium sulfate;
the formula of the liquid medicine C is 0.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.5 percent of magnesium sulfate.
Spraying the liquid medicine A30 days before fruit harvest, spraying the liquid medicine B20 days before fruit harvest, and spraying the liquid medicine C10 days before fruit harvest, wherein the water heart disease incidence rate of pineapple plants is 0.5%.
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the formula of the liquid medicine A is 10 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 5 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 10 percent of magnesium sulfate;
the formula of the liquid medicine B is 0.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.5 percent of magnesium sulfate;
the formula of the liquid medicine C is 10 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 5 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 10 percent of magnesium sulfate.
Spraying the liquid medicine A30 days before fruit harvest, spraying the liquid medicine B20 days before fruit harvest, and spraying the liquid medicine C10 days before fruit harvest, wherein the morbidity of the pineapple plant is 0.3%.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 mainly in that potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the chemical solution is replaced by potassium chloride.
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 1.37 percent of potassium chloride, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
And performing water flooding treatment 20 days before harvesting. And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 1.92 percent of potassium chloride, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
Preparing a liquid medicine C10 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 2.74% of potassium chloride, 1.0% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5% of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
Spraying the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C according to the spraying formula and the spraying mode in term, and comparing with a control group (without the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
The statistics of the results show that the incidence rate of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C is 20%, and the incidence rate of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A, B and C is 0.1%. Compared with example 1, the incidence rate of the pineapple water core disease is not changed after potassium dihydrogen phosphate is replaced by potassium chloride with the same potassium content, which indicates that phosphorus has no significant influence on the occurrence of the pineapple water core disease.
Comparative example 1
The main difference between this example and example 1 is that potassium dihydrogen phosphate was not added to the chemical solution.
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
And performing water flooding treatment 20 days before harvesting. And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
Preparing a liquid medicine C10 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
The following test groups were set according to the above spraying formula and spraying method, respectively, and compared with the control group (without liquid medicine a, liquid medicine B, liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying only the liquid medicine A |
| Test group 2 | Only spraying the liquid medicine B |
| Test group 3 | Spraying only the liquid medicine C |
| Test group 4 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B |
| Test group 5 | Spraying liquid medicine B + C |
| Test group 6 | Spraying liquid medicine A + C |
| Test group 7 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
And harvesting pineapples at due, cutting the fruits, and respectively counting the incidence rate of the water heart disease.
The statistics of the results show that the morbidity of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C is 20%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicine A is 17%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicine B is 18%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicine C is 20%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine A + B is 15%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine B + C is 17%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine A + C is 16%, and the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicine A + B + C is 13%. In comparative example 1, no potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added to the liquid medicine a, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C, and compared with the corresponding test groups in example 1, the incidence rate of the pineapple plant water heart disease was greatly increased.
Comparative example 2
The main difference between this example and example 1 is that calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was not added to the chemical solution.
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
And performing water flooding treatment 20 days before harvesting. And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
Preparing a liquid medicine C10 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 5.0 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
The following test groups were set according to the above spraying formula and spraying method, respectively, and compared with the control group (without liquid medicine a, liquid medicine B, liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying only the liquid medicine A |
| Test group 2 | Only spraying the liquid medicine B |
| Test group 3 | Spraying only the liquid medicine C |
| Test group 4 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B |
| Test group 5 | Spraying liquid medicine B + C |
| Test group 6 | Spraying liquid medicine A + C |
| Test group 7 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
And harvesting pineapples at due, cutting the fruits, and respectively counting the incidence rate of the water heart disease.
The statistics of the results show that the morbidity of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicines A, B and C is 20%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicines A is 11%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicines B is 17%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicines C is 19%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A and B is 9%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines B and C is 16%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A and C is 10%, and the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A and B and C is 7%. Comparative example 2 no calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to the liquid medicine a, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C, and compared with the corresponding test groups in example 1, the pineapple plant water-heart disease incidence rate was significantly increased.
Comparative example 3
The main difference between this example and example 1 is that magnesium sulfate was not added to the chemical solution.
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
And performing water flooding treatment 20 days before harvesting. And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
Preparing a liquid medicine C10 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 5.0 percent of monopotassium phosphate and 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
The following test groups were set according to the above spraying formula and spraying method, respectively, and compared with the control group (without liquid medicine a, liquid medicine B, liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying only the liquid medicine A |
| Test group 2 | Only spraying the liquid medicine B |
| Test group 3 | Spraying only the liquid medicine C |
| Test group 4 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B |
| Test group 5 | Spraying liquid medicineB+C |
| Test group 6 | Spraying liquid medicine A + C |
| Test group 7 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
And harvesting pineapples at due, cutting the fruits, and respectively counting the incidence rate of the water heart disease.
The statistics of the results show that the morbidity of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicines A, B and C is 20%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicines A is 15%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicines B is 17%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants only sprayed with the liquid medicines C is 19%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A and B is 13%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines B and C is 16%, the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A and C is 14%, and the morbidity of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A and B and C is 11%. Comparative example 3 no magnesium sulfate was added to the liquid medicine a, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C, and the incidence of the pineapple plant water heart disease was significantly increased compared with the corresponding test group of example 1.
Comparative example 4
This example differs from example 1 mainly in that calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is replaced by calcium nitrate in the chemical solution.
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.24 percent of calcium nitrate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
And performing water flooding treatment 20 days before harvesting. And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.24 percent of calcium nitrate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
Preparing a liquid medicine C10 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 5.0 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.24 percent of calcium nitrate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the toilet paper was removed.
Spraying the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C according to the spraying formula in time, and comparing with a control group (without the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
And harvesting pineapples at due, cutting the fruits, and respectively counting the incidence rate of the water heart disease.
The statistics of the results show that the incidence of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C is 20%, the incidence of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A, B and C is 7%, and the incidence of the water heart disease is not different from that of the corresponding test group of the comparative example 2. Compared with the morbidity of the corresponding test group in example 1, the result shows that the pineapple water heart disease morbidity is greatly increased after the calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is replaced by the calcium nitrate. Indicating that calcium has no significant effect on pineapple water heart disease. The inventor finds that the action mechanism of spraying the calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is to destroy a wax layer on the surface of the pineapple fruit, so that the liquid medicine can be uniformly distributed on the surface of the pineapple fruit, the amount of the reagent absorbed by the surface of the pineapple fruit is increased, and the reason why the incidence rate of the pineapple water heart disease is reduced after the calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is sprayed is not the action of calcium. It can be seen that calcium nitrate cannot replace the calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate of the present invention.
Comparative example 5
The main difference between this example and example 1 is that magnesium sulfate in the chemical solution was replaced with a plant growth regulator B9.
Taking about 30 cm suckers, reversely drying the suckers for 7 days in sunny days, removing small leaves and dry leaves at the base parts of buds, exposing root points, preparing 200 times of solution by using 20% of bentazone and 80% of Foside wettable powder, placing the suckers in the solution, soaking for 3 minutes, reversely drying in the air, planting in a flowerpot with the diameter and the height of 70 cm, and forming air holes at the bottom of the flowerpot. The soil is prepared from coconut chaff and horticultural soil in a ratio of 1: 1. Sufficient base fertilizer is applied to the soil before potting, 1 jin of compound fertilizer and 4 jin of organic fertilizer are put in each pot. When the plant starts to extract new leaves until 5 new leaves grow, 75 g of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied to each pot, 2 times of compound fertilizer (75 g of urea and 40 g of potassium sulfate) is applied after the middle seedling stage, the 2 nd time of fertilizer application is 75 g of urea, 40 g of potassium sulfate and 100 g of calcium superphosphate, and the fertilizer application is stopped 1 month before flower forcing. After the flower is promoted to turn red, 60 g of compound fertilizer and 30 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. After bud extraction, 75 g of compound fertilizer and 20 g of potassium sulfate are applied to each plant. Besides the base fertilizer, the fertilizer is dissolved in 500 ml of water during each fertilization, and the pineapple plants are irrigated with the water and fertilizer. And after 360 days of planting, checking weather forecast, selecting a day which is sunny within one week, and forcing the pineapple plant to blossom by using 40 milliliters of 40% ethephon 300 times solution from 11 o 'clock at night to 2 o' clock in the next morning. The fruit harvest is planned to be carried out 180 days after flower forcing.
Preparing a liquid medicine A30 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A is 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.00055 percent of B9. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
And performing water flooding treatment 20 days before harvesting. And (3) placing the flowerpot for planting the pineapple plant in a plastic basin, adding tap water into the plastic basin, and performing flooding treatment for 10 days, wherein the depth of the water is 20 cm. After 10 days the water was poured off. Preparing a liquid medicine B, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B is 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.00055 percent of B9. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
10 days before harvesting, preparing a liquid medicine C, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C is 5.0 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 0.00055 percent of B9. Wrapping pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper, and binding the toilet paper with cotton ropes to expose crown buds; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, covering paper bags with the corolla exposed outside, and spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the corolla. After 1 day the paper bags and toilet paper were removed.
Spraying the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C according to the spraying formula and the spraying mode in term, and comparing with a control group (without the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C):
| test group 1 | Spraying liquid medicine A + B + C |
| Control group 1 | No spraying of liquid medicine A, liquid medicine B and liquid medicine C |
The statistics of the results show that the incidence rate of the water heart disease of the pineapple plants not sprayed with the liquid medicine A, the liquid medicine B and the liquid medicine C is 20%, and the incidence rate of the water heart disease of the plants sprayed with the liquid medicines A, B and C is 11%. The results show that compared with the morbidity of the corresponding test group of the comparative example 3, after 0.00055% of B9 is added into the treatment solution, the morbidity of the pineapple water heart disease is not changed, which indicates that the spraying of B9 has no obvious influence on the morbidity of the pineapple water heart disease, and B9 is a growth regulator, inhibits the growth of young shoots and regulates the development of root systems. The pineapple fruits are in the later growth stage after fruiting, the root system growth is very limited, and the root system cannot breathe in oxygen under the water-flooded state, so that the root system growth is further limited, and the pineapple fruit spraying B9 has no obvious effect. It can be seen that the effect of the combined liquid medicine of monopotassium phosphate, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and B9 in the comparative example 5 in preventing the pineapple plant water heart disease is obviously inferior to that of the combined liquid medicine of monopotassium phosphate, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and magnesium sulfate in the example 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for preventing and controlling the pineapple water heart disease is characterized by comprising a liquid medicine A, a liquid medicine B and a liquid medicine C, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying a liquid medicine A28-32 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine A comprises 2-3% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.3-1.7% of magnesium sulfate according to mass percentage;
(2) spraying a liquid medicine B18-22 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine B comprises 3-4% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.3-1.7% of magnesium sulfate in percentage by mass;
(3) spraying a liquid medicine C8-12 days before harvesting, wherein the formula of the liquid medicine C comprises 4.5-5.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.3-1.7% of magnesium sulfate according to mass percentage.
2. The method for preventing and controlling the pineapple water heart disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) wrapping the pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper 30 days before harvesting, and binding the toilet paper with thread ropes with crown buds exposed outside; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A to toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by a spraying pot from 11 pm to 2 am, covering a paper bag with the crown buds exposed outside, spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine A to the crown buds, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day; the formula of the liquid medicine A comprises 2.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate by mass percentage;
(2) wrapping the pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper 20 days before harvesting, and binding the toilet paper with thread ropes with crown buds exposed outside; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, sleeving a paper bag with the corolla exposed outside, spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine B on the corolla, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day; the formula of the liquid medicine B comprises 3.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0 percent of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5 percent of magnesium sulfate in percentage by mass;
(3) wrapping the pineapple fruits with double-layer toilet paper 10 days before harvesting, and binding the toilet paper with thread ropes with crown buds exposed outside; spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on toilet paper on the surfaces of pineapple fruits by using a laboratory watering can from 11 pm to 2 pm, sleeving a paper bag with the crown buds exposed outside, spraying 50 ml of liquid medicine C on the crown buds, and removing the toilet paper after 1 day; the formula of the liquid medicine C comprises, by mass, 5.0% of monopotassium phosphate, 1.0% of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.5% of magnesium sulfate.
3. The method for the prevention and treatment of pineapple water heart disease as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein said pineapple is of one of Tainong No. 4, Bali, Jinzui, sweet honey and golden pineapple.
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