CN1123331A - Method and apparatus for heat-treating profiled rolling stock - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for heat-treating profiled rolling stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN1123331A CN1123331A CN95109955A CN95109955A CN1123331A CN 1123331 A CN1123331 A CN 1123331A CN 95109955 A CN95109955 A CN 95109955A CN 95109955 A CN95109955 A CN 95109955A CN 1123331 A CN1123331 A CN 1123331A
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- cooling
- rail
- strip plate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
- C21D2221/02—Edge parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
Abstract
A process for the manufacture of a railroad rail of a steel alloy having a pearlitic microstructure. The rail is is shaped at a reduction rate of 1.8 to 8% and aligned straight in its longitudinal direction at a temperature between 770 DEG C. and 1050 DEG C., whereafter it is mounted with the head down and is allowed to cool slowly in still air to a temperature of 5 to 120 DEG C. above the Ar3 temperature, and upon reaching this temperature at least the rail head is dipped into a cooling liquid and is cooled to the temperature of conversion of an austenitic grain microstructure into a fine pearlitic grain microstructure.
Description
The present invention relates to the particularly method of track or rail of a kind of heat-treating profiled rolling stock (profiled rolling stock), cooling period in iron-based body material γ scope, the hot type of profile surface portion goes out to increase, here to having increased intensity, the fine pearlite particulate that particularly reaches the hardness that the wear resistance of increase increases changes and occurs in desirable hatch region, particularly in the header area of rail, if desired, when being cooled to room temperature, particularly following the structural transformation in more violent refrigerative section, particularly the distortion or the bending that cause with the vertical distortion of major axis of rail are reduced by the strip plate that caused by heat, be to be prevented from substantially preferably, obtain the rigidity and the fatigue strength that under reverse bending strength, increase.
The invention further relates to and be used for the particularly heat-treating apparatus of track or rail of profiled rolling stock, it basic composition is at least one and be used for the utility appliance of strip plate at roller-way, an one strip plate locating device and a deepfreeze district, also be useful on device that strip plate surface local high-strength hot discharges and the last cooling zone that is used for strip plate is cooled to room temperature, and deposit, laterally transport, stop and operating gear.
The present invention relates to profiled rolling stock particularly track or rail at last, it consists of the track head that has local perlite grain pattern at least, the web of the rail (web) between track pedestal and track head and base of the rail seat.
Moulding rail base particularly track or rail is mainly made with ferrous alloy, its content weight ratio is 0.4 to 1.0% C, 0.1 Si to 1.2%, 0.5 to 3.5% Mn, 1.5% Cr is at the most arranged if desired again, and being lower than other alloying element of 1% concentration, all the other are that iron reaches the impurity that takes place in manufacturing processed.According to common size, the ratio of the weight of 30 to 100kg/m (kilogram/rice) and the rail section that draws thus and girth for example, strip plate in still air from transforming heat, in the refrigerative process for example on cold bed or allied equipment the time, particle takes place from the conversion of austenite to the Coarse pearlite structure, because cooling may have the ferrite part generation at a slow speed.The material of mentioning in the past with said structure has scope in the hardness of 250HB to 350HB.
The increase of traffic capacity and axially bigger load, also have for rail in actual applications the improved demand of wearing quality caused a large amount of about increasing the suggestion of the strength of materials and wear resistance.In this process by use measure about thermal treatment and/or alloy technology to obtain the advantage of having more or have 400HB hardness and the above improved material behavior be possible.
Nothing is impacted or multiple length is one of them reason yet owing to many reasons form, should be easy to welding at this field rail, the result only since Welding Problems about be used to increase material hardness or intensity also have the measure of the alloy technology of wearing quality can mainly be applied to one among a small circle and purpose be thermal treatment (German patent application DE-C3446794 that the composition when steel matches, European patent application EP-B-0187904, EP-B-0186373).For economic reasons, such method can not prove its oneself on a large scale.
For increasing useful characteristic and the conversion portion of rail, provide the fine pearlite structure to be possible and to be known for trained people in this area with temper to form in the above-mentioned materials.It is important setting up the suitable cooling conditions or the speed of cooling that are used for cooling down from austenitizing temperature in this process.For example European patent application EP-B-0293002 advises for this purpose, almost is isothermal Structure Conversion on about 530 ℃ after an initial high cooling intensity.From Germany published unexamined patent application DE-0S2820784 further as can be known, in boiled water, determine composition rail sclerosis and obtain desirable cooling intensity by additive and set-up procedure and set up the fine pearlite structural state.
Consistent with austrian patent AT-PS-323224, also advised being cooled to be no more than 550 ℃ temperature as the speed of cooling between 10 to the 20 ℃/S with the cooling parameter of determining, from selected alloy, produce rail with uniform, fine pearlitic texture.Yet, above-mentioned steps has common drawback promptly, material concentration according to the strip plate profile, the even cooling intensity on this surface can cause different speed of cooling and structure formation on close surf zone, and often need take exquisite preventive measures to prevent undesirable local structure form or material behavior, particularly initial by bending the really up to the mark and fragility of the rail part of pressurized.
Proposed consistently on the section at rail to provide heterogeneous microstructure in many occasions with oriented approach (directed manner) with each stress.For example from German patent application DE-C-3006695, known method, consistent with it by the cooling rail, from the rolling conversion of pining for causing the entire profile, the head that makes rail with induction heating and ensuing sclerosis austenitizing once more after this.Consistent with WO94/02652, further propose in the cooling medium of a special cooling intensity of setting the rail head is cooled to 450 to 550 ℃ surface temperature and produce the fine pearlite particle in this way there.Is suitable for consistent with German patent application DE-C-4003363 of suspension hardened device that is used for rail is handled like this.
Yet the non-homogeneous cooling on the section of profiled rolling stock can cause at room temperature crooked or depart from rectilinearity.For avoiding this defective, propose (German patent application DE-A-4237991) and on cold bed, transmit or cool off the rail that hangs, preferably under the primary drying, yet to be formed on almost be impossible to the orientation of the heterogeneous grain pattern on section here.
Promptly they have disclosed the solution in limited field or considered to cause each method steps of desired target in the manufacturings of profiled rolling stock though all methods so far and device have the common shortcoming, mode with a kind of satisfaction overcomes all problems, but does not demonstrate and have high quality and have the linking of economic production of the special long-acting mill train (longterm rail) of finishing characteristic.
The present invention attempts to provide solution in this field, its objective is in the shortcoming of removing known production type simultaneously, enumerates novel method, can produce the profiled rolling stock of the useful property with special advantage by this method.Further purpose of the present invention is to make the device can obtain to be used in particular for to carry out this method and design particularly rail of strip plate for top pressure.
With the corresponding to a kind of method of these kinds in this target be under such condition, to obtain, be strip plate particularly rail at 1100 ℃ preferably at the most 900 ℃ but be at least 750 ℃ medial temperature and in its plastic forming process, be calibrated to straight line at the most at its long axis direction, with move into horizontal direction and be fixed on the there of its alignment state, in the strip plate or the rail refrigerative the first step, allowing preferably is evenly to be cooled to preferably 820 ℃ of temperature that are lower than 860 ℃ by radiation in still air substantially, particularly is cooled to the Ar of alloy with same local cooling intensity
3On the temperature 5 to 120 ℃.In second step of refrigerative, heat is discharged from strip plate with an intensity at preceding direction of principal axis, this intensity is seen local basic identical from major axis, but see on difference on the periphery and periphery at profiled rolling stock from section, cooling intensity increases at least one zone, here bigger cooling intensity is assigned to those and has big section to the girth ratio or with respect to the zone of a surperficial major part volume or a high material concentration and/or zone with local high strip plate temperature, the zone that speed of cooling increases by this way is brought to conversion temp, forms not contain martensitic perlite particle under this cooling conditions.Then in a following step, proceed to the cooling of room temperature with same local cooling intensity, for example in still air.The linear correction that strip plate takes place in plastic forming process is very important, it be in 750 ℃ to 1100 ℃ temperature ranges.Have been found that the temperature that is lower than 750 ℃ can cause the elastic bending of part to have and the departing from of linear correction, the result has caused uneven cooling intensity on the rail long axis direction.In most of occasions, the strip plate temperature that is higher than 1100 ℃ causes austenitic growth or coarse grained formation, and thus, material behavior finally is subjected to negative influence.Found that on the strip plate basis of linear correction strip plate is fixed and allowed it evenly to be cooled to the temperature that is lower than 860 ℃ with same local cooling intensity in first cooling step is important for the formation in the section fine pearlite district that evenly generates at long axis direction.In this process, on the one hand can be in the local ununiformity of long axis direction equalising temp distribution, this inequality may since its part be supported on the horizontal conveyer and cause, can on the section of profiled rolling stock, provide on the other hand rotational symmetry or centrosymmetry temperature distribution and by this way its rectilinearity be stabilization.Be cooled to the Ar of alloy
35 to 120 ℃ of Temperature Compensation have superiority especially on the temperature, so that provide optimal conditions for particle in section part changes to the part of thickness pearlitic texture form.At this occasion, Ar
3Temperature is that to convert the c coordinate net to be that speed of cooling with 3 ℃/min begins to the γ coordinate net (grid) of such temperature alloy on this temperature.
So that a kind of long axis direction is basic identical but to see that from section hot types different on circumference goes out the strip plate cooling of intensity itself known.Yet the zone of distributing the surface to be increased cooling intensity when the material concentration of strip plate is corresponding is important.With linear correction, the compensation cooling of symmetrical temperature distribution and the distribution of setting and cooled region interrelate, and can keep speed of cooling, and it is in the cross-sectional area difference of strip plate, but basic identical at long axis direction.In this contact, the value of setting speed of cooling is important, is brought to conversion temp with institute's favored area of this value by known measure strip plate own.As seeing at Fig. 3, it is the time one temperature transition curve of the alloy of principal component and is known to the people that this area is subjected to, from Ar
3In the temperature two-forty refrigerative process, for example curve c and d form martensite in particle.The hardness of material increases but has lost elasticity in a large number and increased fracture tendency and the application planned no longer may thus.The speed of low speed of cooling such as curve h has produced the soft grain pattern of Coarse pearlite.Thereby to set sufficiently high local rate of cooling be important, so that be prevented from and generate the fine pearlite particle in the zone that increases cooling intensity in the martensitic generation in conversion of every kind of occasion.Following completely particle and changing, taking strip plate to room temperature so that reduce or prevent the strip plate bending substantially with same local cooling intensity.If heat treated be during at least 750 ℃ the highest 1050 ℃ back segment is pressed (tapping), following have 1.8 to 8% preferably the strip plate hot compacting of 2 to 5% degree of deformation finish with hot compacting heat, this is to have special advantage.Occur in 770 ℃ to 1050 ℃ scopes of temperature range if change, the last deformation that has 1.8 to 8% degree of deformations or section decrement so causes that the austenite particle with advantage becomes more meticulous.Illustrated and be less than 1.8 turnover ratios and cause that sturdy especially particle or particle in position generate; but causing the big temperature of central authorities or interior region, the turnover ratio greater than 8% increases; obviously this is because the switching energy that is discharged; thus, can cause the ununiformity of local granule and qualitative minimizing takes place.
About after being cooled to room temperature, accepting basic linear correction or axial gauged strip plate and particularly about under opposite curvature pressure, having the rail of enhanced rigidity and fatigue strength, if refrigerative in second step cooling intensity at two of the periphery of profiled rolling stock or more increase in the multizone and have very big advantage.Measure thus, because meticulousr perlite grain pattern, can obtain in hardness and intensity near several region material of the section on surface increases.Occasion at the crooked pressure of strip plate shows peak pressure away from the centrophyten (neutral grain) or the hatch region of zero line here, might realize that now at least two in these circumferential areas have enhanced strength.Found concerning rail, can increase in base area the broken toughness (fracture toughness) of material.
Reasonable mode, strip plate part with biggest quality concentration as the rail head at a steeping process or by being immersed in-being cooled in the cooling fluid, simultaneously, smaller cooling intensity such as pressurized air or air one water projection are removed heat from the strip plate part with less mass concentration as the rail pedestal, and these attempt to provide with increasing cooling.Go on by this way and can offset the formation of strip plate internal height Stress and thermal flexure.
For imperfect martensite in the alloy on the iron-based that prevents to mention in front forms and obtains fine pearlite grain pattern in the alloy, if the degree of cooling intensity and set especially for a kind of like this mode of dipping refrigerative cooling fluid composition has superiority, be temperature range at 800 ℃ to 450 ℃, particularly the zone cooling near the dipping part surface is to obtain preferably about 20 ℃/S with 1.6 to 2.4 ℃/S.Because this speed of cooling of economic cause is better because when obtaining the rolled products of required quality, the shorter cooling time in second step be need and obtain a large amount of output by this way.
For bending is reduced to minimum, if demonstrated the T shape section that has resembling now and the pedestal of profiled rolling stock such as rail, in the relative zone of the web of the rail or the surface with higher-strength preferably the mode of pressurized air or air-water mixture cool off and be relatively to have advantage.Find in this process, if be positioned at the web of the rail facing surfaces zone that increases cooling intensity about the basic symmetry of web of the rail axle and laterally be limited then have advantage especially about the improvement of long-acting characteristic.
If attempt further to prevent that the hatch region of profiled rolling stock from strengthening cooling intensity, these zones are terminal with respect to mass concentration or web of the rail connection, and/or attempt to prevent hot types that these zones increase from going out or brief at least heating they can in the strip plate edge, provide identical or reduce the particle of the strength of materials, surprisingly this has reduced risk of breakage, and is particularly sharp-pointed and/or continuously change pressure applications at rolling stock.
If the cooling intensity on special rail surface is set the zone that the conversion of γ particle takes place by this way and is implemented into parallel symmetry with central plane and/or parallel substantially in process of cooling on formation rolling surface, preferably concentric with center of gravity or mutually concentric with the section center of gravity line, then may obtain the special intensity of this shape.
In order to obtain in the basic uniform local cooling intensity fully of long axis direction and to keep the thermal conduction that enters cooling media and stablize, can consistently with the present invention be provided at cooling period strip plate at long axis direction relative to the moving of cooling liquid container or dipping box, the filling that the relative section of the part of strip plate soaks the cooling fluid of into soaking in the case and/or soaks the time internal cooling liquid of cooling fluid in the part of strip plate at least is with vibration or make its vibration.Found that these measures have improved the homogeneity of the quality that obtains really.
Type noted earlier is used for the consistent characteristic that presents with the present invention of device that integral body is dealt with problems when production has the profiled rolling stock of special characteristics and is to have the strip plate locating device at the roller-way of assisting, itself is known, and the straight line or the axial alignment locating device that are used for profiled rolling stock during its plastic making, also have and be used for a horizontal conveyer, it is used for strip plate and arrives the deepfreeze district in basic and its vertical straight line or axially alignment location transmission at auxiliary region, place a known devices in this deepfreeze district, it is by cooling fluid in dipping box and the fixing and operating gear particularly rail head of strip plate that hardens, at least one of placing also that a controlled additional refrigerating unit is used for strip plate be the zone in addition, as the stronger cooling of the pedestal of rail, its characteristic is that also last cooled region has a support for the strip plate cool to room temperature.
Found that straight line or axial alignment location are important, the particularly thermal treatment of being correlated with the thermal treatment that the section or the subregion part of relative profiled rolling stock are carried out.By on its total length or subregion, preventing bending, can keep predetermined cooling conditions or keep the cooling intensity of strip plate even from axial direction due, the result is eliminated along the intensity or the difference of hardness of the wall of profile.Studies show that with the different distance of coolant source wall and/or with the different distance of splash cooling axle and can cause the excessive proportional deviation of hardness and intensity level.
In position fixing process, make strip plate stand plastic making by appropriate device and prevent that elastic recovery from furthermore being important to possible part curved shape.For fear of necessity of later linearize, it is important to use the horizontal transportation of straight line to bring cooled region into profiled rolling stock with arranging localized direction with axle.In addition, provide operating gear at cooled region, by this device, the transmission of strip plate, fixing, dipping advances to cool off liquid bath or subregion sclerosis and is delivered to last cooled region is possible.In this process, provide at least one additional refrigerating unit to be used for the reinforcement cooling of another cross-sectional area.
In another development of the present invention, additional refrigerating unit can put mutually relatively with strip plate and its cooling intensity controlled so that can set and corresponding another localized heat exchange of this method, this is advantageous.
An embodiment also has advantage, additional here refrigerating unit has the local refrigerating unit mobile part of formation this part major axis or axial direction due at strip plate and substantially uninterruptedly and at horizontal direction is restricted, if desired, having the hot type that is used to prevent from the surface of cooling surface increases goes out.By this step, can form tangible limited cooling zone and go out from strengthening hot type that process is removed adjacent domain or produce materials with smaller hardness at them, consistent at another embodiment here, additional refrigerating unit designs as adjustable pressure or splash refrigerating unit.
Relatively dipping box and/or additional relatively refrigerating unit can relatively move in cooling liqs if strip plate is at long axis direction, if perhaps device is placed on the dipping box and/or in cooling fluid itself, but the cooling fluid turbulent flow moves and/or is set to vibration in this way, and then the long axis direction of profiled rolling stock can further increase in the homogeneity of hardness and intensity level.Found that relative movement between cooling media and workpiece and vibratory movement or pressure surge make the heat-treat condition of the impartial and advantageization of generation of local cooling intensity.
The rail consistent with the present invention, particularly with the consistent rail that produces of one of method of mentioning in the past, it can produce in device described above, it is characterized in that having shown the very big strength of materials and hardness value at the upper area of its head at its section rail, this value is reduced in the bottom of the web of the rail and the circumferential section of pedestal, its feature is that also the central zone in the bottom of pedestal compares the material hardness value with increase with the circumferential section and the web of the rail, if with the main shaft of section profile or the Z-axis symmetry of rail section essentially identical material hardness value is set here, can obtain mass property especially uniformly.Such rail demonstrates improved application characteristic even at the requirement that is increased such as high axial load and/or high frequency is used and/or among a small circle under the situation of straight-line bending.
The present invention will obtain by the figure that an embodiment only is shown describing in detail.What illustrate has:
The heat treated process of Fig. 1 rail;
The rail of Fig. 2 in section;
Fig. 3 rail material time-the temperature transition graphic representation.
What schematically show at Fig. 1 is profiled rolling stock, is placed on the auxiliary region A on the roller platform 21 by movable bumper of for example (not shown) (pumper) or analogue as rail.Carry out the straight line alignment by straightening device 22 and 23 then, but here also the alignment centering type straightening device (centering type) of erectting curve have advantage.Following the alignment of strip plate 1, having one to enter the placement of operating system to the horizontal transportation of support 2 and with stationary installation 24 at cooling zone B, here during movement fixing must be to carry out by this way promptly not to the horizontal bending of major axis.In an own known mode, immerse in the cooling liqs 37 of dipping box 38 by stationary installation 24 strip plates or rail 1 part.Here the surface of rail 1 equates it is greatly important with the distance of dipping tank wall on two limits of its length.For the cooling intensity of strengthening the strip plate surface particularly in order to make its homogenizing, in a kind of mode that has superiority, strip plate 1 can move in dipping box 38 or cooling media 37 with for example 0.5 to 5 meter amount at long axis direction.Also can use the clapp oscillator (not shown) in cooling media 37 or on dipping box, it causes cooling media with for example 100 to 800/ minutes hunting of frequency, and this has influenced cooling intensity with having superiority.
Can be on the pedestal 13 of rail 1 or be attached thereto and place an additional refrigerating unit 3 at strip plate one flat.So additional refrigerating unit can have a water source and an air source and form a splash 31 that is directed into strip plate or rail base-plates surface part.For cooling intensity and the formation that minimizing is provided to circumferential section 132 only forms a strongthener stiffness region at the central area 131 of strip plate or rail base region, for example provide the removal of cooling medium to have superiority with a suction unit.
After the strip plate cooling, particularly rail 1 is dipped into cooling media 37 and particularly its part and is placed on the local and process splash 31 relative with media, under the conversion temp that is lower than the strength of materials that causes fine pearlite, as consistent with Fig. 3 about 500 ℃ with the rate of cooling of curve f unanimity under, rail can be placed on the support 25 of last cooling zone so that be chilled to room temperature.
As Fig. 2 representative, the rail 1 consistent with the present invention has the zone of three variable grain structures or hardness, and transitional region specifically is being successive here.Fine pearlite district 111 hardness values may reach 425HB 340 to 390HB, are provided in the rail head 11 and cause to the hardness that reduces as the 300 downward transition to the 340HB zone.Connect 12 at waist, it must have big toughness in actual applications, has been provided at 280 to 320HB hardness value thus.Provide in the circumference area 132 of rail pedestal 13 than coexist mutually 280 to 300HB perlite particle of coarse texture or thin slice formation and hardness value and the web of the rail 12.Prevent the beginning of rupturing or disconnecting on a large scale with this particle embodiment and the material behavior that reduces hardness value.Yet the strength of materials and hardness value are increased in 300 to 300HB and reach the center that more zone 131 is formed on pedestal 13 bottoms.As fixed, particularly under difficult condition, cause the long-term properties of stability and advantage in the distribution consistent of the material mechanical characteristic of rail section with the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. one kind is used for heat-treating profiled rolling stock, the method of track or rail particularly, go out with hot type in the γ of iron scope cooling period from the increase of molded surface part, here on desired transverse section, take place to intensity with increase, particularly increase the transformation of fine pearlite particle of the hardness of wear resistance and increase, particularly at the head of rail, and if desired, be chilled to the process of room temperature, particularly following after the structural transformation in more violent cooling hatch region, by the particularly distortion that causes of the bending of rail or crookedly be reduced of the strip plate that causes by heat in direction perpendicular to major axis, preferably be prevented from substantially, and obtain enhanced rigidity and fatigue strength under opposite curvature pressure, this method is characterised in that strip plate, particularly rail is at maximum 1100 ℃, preferably maximum 900 ℃ but under the minimum 750 ℃ medial temperature, during its plastic making, vertically be corrected into straight line along it, be moved into horizontal direction and remain there with its alignment state, in the first step of cooling strip plate or rail, permission is with same local cooling intensity, preferably on average be cooled to 860 ℃ of following temperature by the radiation in the still air substantially, preferably about 820 ℃, particularly at the Ar of alloy
3On the temperature 5 to 120 ℃, wherein in refrigerative second goes on foot, the venting of heat is basic identical with the part from long axis direction, but see what peripheral different intensity was carried out from strip plate from section, and increase at least one regional cooling intensity of the periphery of profiled rolling stock, here will be assigned to and have big section to the zone of circumference ratio or have apparent surface's large volume part or zone with high material concentration than big cooling intensity, and/or those have the zone of strip plate localized hyperthermia, the zone that increases speed of cooling by this way is brought into conversion temp, under this cooling conditions, formation does not have martensitic fine pearlite grain pattern, in following step, for example in still air, proceed to the cooling of room temperature with same local cooling intensity.
2. with the corresponding to method of claim 1, it is characterized in that thermal treatment is to be undertaken by patting at last during 1050 ℃ of temperature at the most in (tapping) process with the hot compacting heat that hot compacting was produced of 1.8 to 8% deformation rate at least 750 ℃.
3. with claim 1 or 2 corresponding to methods, it is characterized in that, in the cooling of second step, one or two zone increase cooling intensity on the periphery of profiled rolling stock.
4. with the corresponding to method of one of claim 1 to 3, the strip plate part that it is characterized in that having biggest quality concentration is advanced cooling fluid and is cooled off at steeping process or by impregnated as the rail head, use measure such as the pressurized air or the air-water projection of less cooling intensity simultaneously, remove heat from the strip plate part with less mass concentration as the rail pedestal, this two part is provided the enhanced cooling by attempt.
5. consistent with one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the degree of cooling intensity is set in such a way especially for the cooling fluid composition of dipping, promptly between 800 ℃ to 450 ℃ temperature ranges, particularly flood cooling partly with 1.6 to 2.4 ℃/s near the cooling of surf zone, particularly about 2.0 ℃/s obtains.
6. with the corresponding to method of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that having the strip plate that resembles now such T shape section, for example at the pedestal of rail, preferably cool off by pressurized air or air-water mixture with higher-strength on zone or the surface relative with the web of the rail.
7. with the corresponding to method of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that with the web of the rail facing surfaces zone of gaining in strength by specific to respect to the basic symmetry of the web of the rail and on side direction, be restricted.
8. with the corresponding to method of one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that avoiding with respect to mass concentration or waist connect the enhancing cooling intensity of far profiled rolling stock hatch region and/or prevent that these zones from increasing that hot types go out or at least these zones be heated simply.
9. with the corresponding to method in one of claim 1 or 8, it is characterized in that profiled rolling stock, particularly the cooling intensity on the surface of rail is set in such mode and zone that the γ particle changes promptly during cooling taken place substantially by specific to parallel symmetry with central plane and/or parallel, and is preferably concentric with section center of gravity line or center of gravity.
10. with the corresponding to method of one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that strip plate, its part with respect to section is impregnated into the cooling fluid in the dipping box, and this strip plate during cooling is moved with respect to cooling liquid container with long axis direction.
11., it is characterized in that at least during the part of strip plate immersed cooling fluid, cooling fluid was come filling or made its vibration with vibration with the corresponding to method of one of claim 1 to 10.
12. be used for profiled rolling stock particularly track or rail heat-treating apparatus, hot type from the profiled rolling stock part during the γ scope internal cooling of following at iron goes out to increase, especially for the device of execution with one of claim 1 to 11 corresponding to method, basic composition is at least one and be used for the auxiliary region of strip plate (1) on roller platform 21, it has the strip plate locating device, deepfreeze district 13, have and be used for from the device of the little surface portion high-strength hot discharge of strip plate and the last cooling zone c that is used for strip plate (1) is chilled to room temperature, deposit in addition, laterally transportation, stop and operating gear, it is characterized in that having on the roller-way (21) among the auxiliary region A known strip plate locating device itself and be used for profiled rolling stock (1) straight line or axially proofread and correct localized device (22 during its plastic making, 23), also has a horizontal conveyer on the roller-way (1), it is used for strip plate (1) basic and its vertical straight line or axially correction transmission from auxiliary region (A) to deepfreeze district B, be used for cooling fluid (37) by dipping box (38) with fixing and operating gear (24) strip plate that hardens at the known device of deepfreeze district (B) placement itself, rail head particularly, also have a controlled additional refrigerating unit (3) to be used for the strip plate particularly more violent cooling of rail pedestal of another zone at least, last cooling zone C has one and is used for the support (25) that strip plate (1) is cooled to room temperature.
13. the device consistent with claim 12, it is characterized in that can with strip plate (1) additional refrigerating unit staggered relatively (3) and its cooling intensity of may command.
14. with claim 12 or 13 corresponding to devices, it is characterized in that additional refrigerating unit (3) has the part that forms local refrigerating unit stream (31), it is basic uninterrupted and in laterally series restriction at the lengthwise of strip plate or axially, if desired, having the hot type that device (34) is used to prevent that the surface with the cooling surface adjacency from increasing goes out.
15., it is characterized in that additional refrigerating unit is designed to motion stress or splash refrigerating unit with the corresponding to device in one of claim 12 or 14.
16., it is characterized in that strip plate (1) can move relative to dipping box (38) and/or relative to additional refrigerating unit (3) with long axis direction in cooling fluid (37) with the corresponding to device of one of claim 12 to 15.
17. with the corresponding to device of one of claim 12 to 16, it is characterized in that whole plant is placed on that dipping box (38) is gone up and/or in cooling fluid (37) self, in this way cooling fluid (37) can by turbulent flow move and/or be set to vibration.
18. profiled rolling stock, particularly track or rail (1), by the rail head (21) that to small part is perlite grain pattern (111), this has the web of the rail (12) between rail head (1) and rail pedestal (13) to constitute to reach rail pedestal (13), particularly use the method consistent with one of claim 1 to 11, preferably the device consistent with one of claim 12 to 17 produced, it is characterized in that at its section, rail (1) shows the big strength of materials and hardness on the top (111) of its head, this value is reduced in the following head region of the web of the rail (12) and the circumferential section (132) of pedestal (13), and feature also is to have at the central area in base bottom zone (131) the material hardness value of increase.
19., it is characterized in that the Z-axis of the section main shaft of molding surface or rail section is set the basic material hardness value that equates relatively symmetrically with the corresponding to profiled rolling stock of claim 18.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0143194A AT402941B (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF PROFILED ROLLING MATERIAL |
| AT1431A/94 | 1994-07-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1123331A true CN1123331A (en) | 1996-05-29 |
| CN1045214C CN1045214C (en) | 1999-09-22 |
Family
ID=3513759
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95109955A Expired - Lifetime CN1045214C (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-07 | Method and apparatus for heat-treating profiled rolling stock |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0693562B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3811865B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100372402B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1045214C (en) |
| AT (2) | AT402941B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU702091B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9503367A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2154090C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ290866B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59508080D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2145247T3 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP950386B1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU218230B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL178079B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2101369C1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI9500230B (en) |
| SK (1) | SK282161B6 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW300920B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA34469C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102010968B (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2013-11-06 | 弗埃斯特阿尔卑斯钢公司 | Device for hardening rails |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT407057B (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 2000-12-27 | Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh | PROFILED ROLLING MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| AT409268B (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2002-07-25 | Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh & C | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HARDENING RAILS |
| DE10148305A1 (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2003-04-24 | Sms Meer Gmbh | Process and plant for the thermal treatment of rails |
| RU2336336C2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2008-10-20 | Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн | Method of fabricating rails |
| JP5169030B2 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2013-03-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Quenching method and quenching apparatus |
| EP2253394B1 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2018-04-04 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Cooling system and cooling method of rolling steel |
| DE102012020844A1 (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-04-24 | Thyssenkrupp Gft Gleistechnik Gmbh | Process for the thermomechanical treatment of hot-rolled profiles |
| JP6137093B2 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2017-05-31 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Rail cooling method and cooling equipment |
| BR112021015414A2 (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2021-10-05 | Nippon Steel Corporation | RAIL |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2087346A (en) * | 1930-08-21 | 1937-07-20 | United States Steel Corp | Method of producing steel rails |
| FR2109121A5 (en) | 1970-10-02 | 1972-05-26 | Wendel Sidelor | |
| DE2439338C2 (en) * | 1974-08-16 | 1980-08-28 | Fried. Krupp, Huettenwerke Ag, 4630 Bochum | Process for the heat treatment of rails from the rolling heat |
| BE854834A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1977-09-16 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING RAILS WITH IMPROVED CHARACTERISTICS |
| DE3006695C2 (en) | 1980-02-22 | 1988-12-01 | Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg | Process for heat treatment of rails |
| US4486248A (en) * | 1982-08-05 | 1984-12-04 | The Algoma Steel Corporation Limited | Method for the production of improved railway rails by accelerated cooling in line with the production rolling mill |
| LU84417A1 (en) * | 1982-10-11 | 1984-05-10 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILS AND RAILS OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS |
| DE3446794C1 (en) | 1984-12-21 | 1986-01-02 | BWG Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH, 6308 Butzbach | Process for the heat treatment of pearlitic rail steel |
| DE3579681D1 (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1990-10-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING THE RAILS. |
| US4886558A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1989-12-12 | Nkk Corporation | Method for heat-treating steel rail head |
| US4895605A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1990-01-23 | Algoma Steel Corporation | Method for the manufacture of hardened railroad rails |
| DE4003363C1 (en) | 1990-02-05 | 1991-03-28 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Ges.M.B.H., Linz, At | Hardening rails from rolling temp. - using appts. with manipulator engaging rail from exit roller table with support arms positioned pivotably on each side |
| AT399346B (en) | 1992-07-15 | 1995-04-25 | Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh | METHOD FOR TREATING RAILS |
| DE4237991A1 (en) | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-19 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Cooling hot-rolled products, rails - using appts. with carrier elements allowing rails to be suspended with their top downwards |
-
1994
- 1994-07-19 AT AT0143194A patent/AT402941B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-06-14 UA UA95062801A patent/UA34469C2/en unknown
- 1995-06-29 AU AU23349/95A patent/AU702091B2/en not_active Expired
- 1995-07-06 JP JP20265295A patent/JP3811865B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-07 HR HRA1431/94A patent/HRP950386B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-07 CN CN95109955A patent/CN1045214C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 DE DE59508080T patent/DE59508080D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 EP EP95890136A patent/EP0693562B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 ES ES95890136T patent/ES2145247T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-13 AT AT95890136T patent/ATE191241T1/en active
- 1995-07-14 PL PL95309657A patent/PL178079B1/en unknown
- 1995-07-17 SK SK901-95A patent/SK282161B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-17 CZ CZ19951861A patent/CZ290866B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-18 RU RU95113234A patent/RU2101369C1/en active
- 1995-07-18 CA CA002154090A patent/CA2154090C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-18 SI SI9500230A patent/SI9500230B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-18 BR BR9503367A patent/BR9503367A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-18 HU HU9502162A patent/HU218230B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-19 KR KR1019950021120A patent/KR100372402B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-19 TW TW084107478A patent/TW300920B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102010968B (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2013-11-06 | 弗埃斯特阿尔卑斯钢公司 | Device for hardening rails |
| CN102010969B (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2022-06-03 | 弗埃斯特阿尔卑斯钢公司 | Device for quenching steel rail |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU702091B2 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
| HU9502162D0 (en) | 1995-09-28 |
| PL178079B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
| RU2101369C1 (en) | 1998-01-10 |
| CZ290866B6 (en) | 2002-11-13 |
| SK282161B6 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
| HRP950386B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
| CZ186195A3 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
| SK90195A3 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
| AU2334995A (en) | 1996-02-01 |
| CA2154090A1 (en) | 1996-01-20 |
| DE59508080D1 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
| CN1045214C (en) | 1999-09-22 |
| SI9500230A (en) | 1997-02-28 |
| EP0693562A1 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
| TW300920B (en) | 1997-03-21 |
| JP3811865B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
| EP0693562B1 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
| HU218230B (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| HUT72292A (en) | 1996-04-29 |
| JPH08170120A (en) | 1996-07-02 |
| ATA143194A (en) | 1997-02-15 |
| ES2145247T3 (en) | 2000-07-01 |
| UA34469C2 (en) | 2001-03-15 |
| KR100372402B1 (en) | 2003-05-09 |
| ATE191241T1 (en) | 2000-04-15 |
| BR9503367A (en) | 1996-09-10 |
| PL309657A1 (en) | 1996-01-22 |
| HRP950386A2 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
| CA2154090C (en) | 2005-01-11 |
| SI9500230B (en) | 2001-12-31 |
| AT402941B (en) | 1997-09-25 |
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