CN112314379A - Sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method - Google Patents
Sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314379A CN112314379A CN202011252339.2A CN202011252339A CN112314379A CN 112314379 A CN112314379 A CN 112314379A CN 202011252339 A CN202011252339 A CN 202011252339A CN 112314379 A CN112314379 A CN 112314379A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method which comprises the steps of pre-soil treatment, seedling transplanting treatment, water stress setting and management, comparison and determination, and the drought stress test is carried out on sugarcane seedlings. The method is based on the traditional sugarcane barrel planting test method, a set of sugarcane barrel planting accurate water control test method is established, the method enables sugarcane root systems to be capable of unfolding and growing, cleaning and measuring of the root systems are facilitated, water content of matrix mass in a barrel is detected, water management is carried out according to a water stress target, water in the barrel can be controlled within a target value range, water stress precision is improved, stress degrees are in the same level, drought resistance evaluation accuracy is effectively improved, sugarcane seedling index variation difference under drought stress is obvious, drought stress treatment in a seedling stage and an elongation stage does not show consistent and obvious cumulative influence effect, and drought resistance characteristics of varieties can be more accurately and comprehensively reflected by comprehensive evaluation through a fuzzy mathematics membership function method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane cultivation tests, in particular to a sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method.
Background
The sugarcane can be used as sugar, energy, feed and the like, has the advantages of strong photosynthetic capacity, strong adaptability, large biomass and the like, and is one of important economic crops in China. Guangxi is the leading growing area of sugarcane in China, but 90% of sugarcane is planted on dry land of hills without irrigation conditions, and because of unbalanced natural rainfall, poor water retention capability of soil and other reasons, drought occurs to different degrees every year, so that drought becomes one of the main limiting factors influencing the increase of the yield of sugarcane in Guangxi and even China.
The barrel planting and water control test is a technical means for detecting the drought stress response of plants, and can enable test materials to be under the same soil and moisture conditions for carrying out related index measurement. The traditional sugarcane barrel planting test method has the following defects: firstly, the height and the volume of the planting barrel are too low and too small, so that the root system of the sugarcane is seriously coiled, and various indexes of the root system are difficult to measure at the later stage of a test; secondly, the soil for cultivation adopts the surface soil of the field, the soil is hardened seriously, the root system is difficult to clean at the later stage of the test, various indexes of the root system are inconvenient to measure, and the test result is influenced; thirdly, the watering quantity is calculated or fixed by using a weighing method for water supplement, so that errors caused by the plant quality of the sugarcane in the barrel cannot be eliminated, water supplement cannot be performed according to the actual water demand of each reference material, the water control is not accurate enough, the water stress degree is inconsistent, and large errors are caused to the evaluation results of the later-stage calculation water utilization efficiency and the drought resistance; fourth, the amount of water evaporated from the soil surface cannot be taken into consideration, and a large error is caused in the result of the water use efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. treating soil: fully and uniformly stirring the prepared soil, putting the soil for the sugarcane into a barrel, wherein the soil for the sugarcane is developed from limestone and is slightly alkaline and moderate in fertility, disinfecting the soil by using carbendazim, performing film mulching sterilization for 2 days, then removing a film and airing for at least 6 days, wherein the field water holding capacity FC of the soil is 32.95%, the water content Cs of the soil is 12.58%, and the weight PZ of a pot is 0.15 kg;
b. and (3) transplanting seedlings: controlling the weight TZ4.8kg of soil filled into a barrel during transplanting, keeping the soil 1.5-2.5cm away from a flowerpot, recording labels, performing unified water and fertilizer management after transplanting, selecting sugarcane barrel seedlings with good growth vigor and consistency as drought stress test materials, placing the materials at a position for isolating rainfall, wherein the average quality MZ of the sugarcane seedlings in the barrel is about 0.06 kg;
c. setting and managing water stress: set up 4 soil water content gradients: 90% (control CK), 60% (mild stress LD), 40% (moderate stress MD) and 30% (severe stress SD) of the water holding capacity in the barrel, 4 times of treatment are carried out, 6 pots of treatment are carried out, the stress time is 7d, no fertilizer is applied during the period to weed at any time, the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of the experiment are respectively carried out, and the sampling interval is about 2 d;
d. and (3) comparison: when the volume water content of the cultivation substrate in the bucket is reduced to 60% of the saturation volume water content, the sugarcane is in a severe wilting state, the maximum water stress degree is reached, and harvest investigation is carried out after the measurement of relevant indexes at the stage is completed;
e. and (3) determination: the relative water content of soil is determined by a drying method, the water potential of leaves is determined by a WP-4T water potential instrument at room temperature, the SPAD-502 nf chlorophyll instrument is utilized to carry out living body determination on the chlorophyll content of the +1 chlorophyll of a plant, and the permeability of cytoplasmic membranes is determined: weighing about 0.5g of leaf sample with uniform size, placing the leaf sample in a 60mL white small-mouth glass bottle, adding 3Og of water, vacuumizing for 10min, then deflating, repeating for 3 times, slightly oscillating during the 3 times to enable the leaf sample to continuously enter the liquid level, standing for 30min after the air exhaust is finished, measuring the conductivity before boiling, transferring to a boiling water bath after the measurement is finished, boiling for 15rain, taking out, cooling to room temperature, supplementing water to the total weight before air exhaust, standing for 30min after shaking uniformly, measuring the conductivity after boiling, and calculating the relative electrolyte permeability.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the moisture gradient controls the total weight (ZZ) by a potted plant weighing method, and the formula is ZZ ═ PZ + MZ + TZ/(1+ Cs) × (1+ RECs × FC), RWCs is the relative moisture content of the soil, which means the percentage of the moisture content of the soil to the field moisture capacity of the soil, Cs is the moisture content of the soil, and FC is the field moisture capacity.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the soil basic nutrients in step a are: 0.156% of total nitrogen, 0.095% of total potassium, 2.652% of total potassium, 63mg/kg of quick-acting nitrogen, 48mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 134mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 14.65g/kg of organic matters and pH 7.40.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the basic nutrients of the fertilizer in the step b are as follows: 1.36 percent of total nitrogen, 1.62 percent of total phosphorus, 4.35 percent of total potassium, 65.32g/kg of organic matter, pH9.58, according to the weight of air-dried soil: the weight of the decomposed fresh pig and cow dung is 10: 1, mixing uniformly, subpackaging 15kg of the mixture in each barrel, and earthing up 5kg of the mixture in each barrel in the later period.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, soil samples are taken before and after drought stress in the step c to determine the relative water content of the soil, the relative water content in the normal water supply period and the control group is 67.5-75.3 percent, the average is 70.2 percent, the relative water content in the drought stress treatment part is 33.6-39.5 percent, the average is 35.9 percent, and other pest control and fertilization management are similar to the conventional field management.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1: the method is based on the traditional sugarcane barrel planting test method, a set of sugarcane barrel planting accurate water control test method is established, the method enables sugarcane root systems to be capable of unfolding and growing, cleaning and measuring of the root systems are facilitated, water content of matrix mass in a barrel is detected, water management is carried out according to a water stress target, water in the barrel can be controlled within a target value range, water stress precision is improved, stress degrees are in the same level, drought resistance evaluation accuracy is effectively improved, sugarcane seedling index variation difference under drought stress is obvious, drought stress treatment in a seedling stage and an elongation stage does not show consistent and obvious cumulative influence effect, and drought resistance characteristics of varieties can be more accurately and comprehensively reflected by comprehensive evaluation through a fuzzy mathematics membership function method.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a. treating soil: fully and uniformly stirring the prepared soil, putting the soil for the sugarcane into a barrel, wherein the soil for the sugarcane is developed from limestone and is slightly alkaline and moderate in fertility, disinfecting the soil by using carbendazim, performing film mulching sterilization for 2 days, then removing a film and airing for at least 6 days, wherein the field water holding capacity FC of the soil is 32.95%, the water content Cs of the soil is 12.58%, and the weight PZ of a pot is 0.15 kg;
b. and (3) transplanting seedlings: controlling the weight TZ4.8kg of soil filled into a barrel during transplanting, keeping the soil 1.5-2.5cm away from a flowerpot, recording labels, performing unified water and fertilizer management after transplanting, selecting sugarcane barrel seedlings with good growth vigor and consistency as drought stress test materials, placing the materials at a position for isolating rainfall, wherein the average quality MZ of the sugarcane seedlings in the barrel is about 0.06 kg;
c. setting and managing water stress: set up 4 soil water content gradients: 90% (control CK), 60% (mild stress LD), 40% (moderate stress MD) and 30% (severe stress SD) of the water holding capacity in the barrel, 4 times of treatment are carried out, 6 pots of treatment are carried out, the stress time is 7d, no fertilizer is applied during the period to weed at any time, the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of the experiment are respectively carried out, and the sampling interval is about 2 d;
d. and (3) comparison: when the volume water content of the cultivation substrate in the bucket is reduced to 60% of the saturation volume water content, the sugarcane is in a severe wilting state, the maximum water stress degree is reached, and harvest investigation is carried out after the measurement of relevant indexes at the stage is completed;
e. and (3) determination: the relative water content of soil is determined by a drying method, the water potential of leaves is determined by a WP-4T water potential instrument at room temperature, the SPAD-502 nf chlorophyll instrument is utilized to carry out living body determination on the chlorophyll content of the +1 chlorophyll of a plant, and the permeability of cytoplasmic membranes is determined: weighing about 0.5g of leaf sample with uniform size, placing the leaf sample in a 60mL white small-mouth glass bottle, adding 3Og of water, vacuumizing for 10min, then deflating, repeating for 3 times, slightly oscillating during the 3 times to enable the leaf sample to continuously enter the liquid level, standing for 30min after the air exhaust is finished, measuring the conductivity before boiling, transferring to a boiling water bath after the measurement is finished, boiling for 15rain, taking out, cooling to room temperature, supplementing water to the total weight before air exhaust, standing for 30min after shaking uniformly, measuring the conductivity after boiling, and calculating the relative electrolyte permeability.
TABLE 1 Effect of drought stress treatment on sugarcane plant height
From table 1, it can be seen that the plant heights of the sugarcane are reduced after repeated drought stress in the elongation period, the plant height reduction amplitude in the elongation period is small, and the plant height reduction amplitude is gradually stabilized under the cumulative effect of the two drought stress treatments before and after the elongation period;
TABLE 2 Effect of drought stress treatment on plasma Membrane Permeability of sugarcane leaf cells
| Time of day | 2 | 4 | 6 | 7 |
| Relative conductivity | 16％ | 14％ | 18％ | 17％ |
From table 2, it can be seen that the plasma membrane permeability of the sugarcane leaf cell is increased under two drought stress treatments, the change in the elongation stage is more obvious than that in the seedling stage, the change amplitude of the plasma membrane permeability of the leaf in the seedling stage reaches a significant level under repeated drought stress, and the change of the plasma membrane permeability of the leaf treated under different drought stress in the elongation stage is significant.
The method is based on the traditional sugarcane barrel planting test method, a set of sugarcane barrel planting accurate water control test method is established, the method enables sugarcane root systems to be capable of unfolding and growing, cleaning and measuring of the root systems are facilitated, water content of matrix mass in a barrel is detected, water management is carried out according to a water stress target, water in the barrel can be controlled within a target value range, water stress precision is improved, stress degrees are in the same level, drought resistance evaluation accuracy is effectively improved, sugarcane seedling index variation difference under drought stress is obvious, drought stress treatment in a seedling stage and an elongation stage does not show consistent and obvious cumulative influence effect, and drought resistance characteristics of varieties can be more accurately and comprehensively reflected by comprehensive evaluation through a fuzzy mathematics membership function method.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. treating soil: fully and uniformly stirring the prepared soil, putting the soil for the sugarcane into a barrel, wherein the soil for the sugarcane is developed from limestone and is slightly alkaline and moderate in fertility, disinfecting the soil by using carbendazim, performing film mulching sterilization for 2 days, then removing a film and airing for at least 6 days, wherein the field water holding capacity FC of the soil is 32.95%, the water content Cs of the soil is 12.58%, and the weight PZ of a pot is 0.15 kg;
b. and (3) transplanting seedlings: controlling the weight TZ of soil filled into a barrel during transplanting to be 4.8kg, keeping the soil 1.5-2.5cm away from a flowerpot, recording the label, performing unified water and fertilizer management after transplanting, selecting sugarcane barrel seedlings with good growth vigor and consistency as drought stress test materials, placing the sugarcane barrel seedlings at a position for isolating rainfall, wherein the average quality MZ of the sugarcane seedlings in the barrel is about 0.06 kg;
c. setting and managing water stress: set up 4 soil water content gradients: 90% (control CK), 60% (mild stress LD), 40% (moderate stress MD) and 30% (severe stress SD) of the water holding capacity in the barrel, 4 times of treatment are carried out, 6 pots of treatment are carried out, the stress time is 7d, no fertilizer is applied during the period to weed at any time, the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of the experiment are respectively carried out, and the sampling interval is about 2 d;
d. and (3) comparison: when the volume water content of the cultivation substrate in the bucket is reduced to 60% of the saturation volume water content, the sugarcane is in a severe wilting state, the maximum water stress degree is reached, and harvest investigation is carried out after the measurement of relevant indexes at the stage is completed;
e. and (3) determination: the relative water content of soil is determined by a drying method, the water potential of leaves is determined by a WP-4T water potential instrument at room temperature, the SPAD-502 nf chlorophyll instrument is utilized to carry out living body determination on the chlorophyll content of the +1 chlorophyll of a plant, and the permeability of cytoplasmic membranes is determined: weighing about 0.5g of leaf samples with uniform size, placing the leaf samples in a 60mL white small-mouth glass bottle, adding 3O g of water, vacuumizing for 10min, then deflating, repeating for 3 times, slightly oscillating during the 3 times to enable the leaves to continuously enter the liquid level, standing for 30min after the air suction is finished, measuring the conductivity before boiling, transferring to a boiling water bath after the measurement is finished, boiling for 15rain, taking out, cooling to room temperature, supplementing water to the total weight before air suction, standing for 30min after shaking uniformly, measuring the conductivity after boiling, and calculating the relative electrolyte permeability.
2. The sugar cane barrel planting drought stress test method of claim 1, wherein the water gradient controls the total weight (ZZ) by a potted plant weighing method, the formula is ZZ ═ PZ + MZ + TZ/(1+ Cs) × (1+ RECs × FC), RWCs is the relative water content of the soil, meaning the percentage of the water content of the soil to the field capacity of the soil, Cs is the water content of the soil, and FC is the field capacity.
3. The sugarcane barrel planting drought stress test method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil basic nutrients in the step a are as follows: 0.156% of total nitrogen, 0.095% of total potassium, 2.652% of total potassium, 63mg/kg of quick-acting nitrogen, 48mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 134mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 14.65g/kg of organic matters and pH 7.40.
4. The sugarcane barrel planting drought stress test method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer essential nutrients in the step b are as follows: 1.36 percent of total nitrogen, 1.62 percent of total phosphorus, 4.35 percent of total potassium, 65.32g/kg of organic matter, 9.58 of pH value, according to the weight of air-dried soil: the weight of the decomposed fresh pig and cow dung is 10: 1, mixing uniformly, subpackaging 15kg of the mixture in each barrel, and earthing up 5kg of the mixture in each barrel in the later period.
5. The method for sugarcane barrel-cultivation drought stress test according to claim 1, wherein soil samples are taken before and after drought stress in the step c to determine the relative water content of the soil, the relative water content during normal water supply and in a control group is 67.5% -75.3%, the average is 70.2%, the relative water content of a drought stress treatment part is 33.6% -39.5%, the average is 35.9%, and other pest control and fertilization management are similar to conventional field management.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793813A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-29 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Drought-resistant evaluation method for germplasm resources of sugarcane thin-stem wild species |
| CN116616138A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-22 | 四川省中医药科学院 | Screening method of drought-resistant germplasm of ophiopogon japonicus |
-
2020
- 2020-11-11 CN CN202011252339.2A patent/CN112314379A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793813A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-29 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Drought-resistant evaluation method for germplasm resources of sugarcane thin-stem wild species |
| CN114793813B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2024-03-19 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Drought resistance evaluation method for sugarcane fine-stem wild germplasm resources |
| CN116616138A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-22 | 四川省中医药科学院 | Screening method of drought-resistant germplasm of ophiopogon japonicus |
| CN116616138B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-02-09 | 四川省中医药科学院 | Screening method of drought-resistant germplasm of ophiopogon japonicus |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |