CN112300425A - 明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜及其制备方法和应用,该抗菌膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:将明胶颗粒加入去离子水中,搅拌加热,得到明胶水溶液;将明胶水溶液倒入模具中,得到明胶凝胶;利用金属导线将明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面;将高分子材料和抗菌剂溶解在溶剂中,得到静电纺丝溶液,调节参数进行静电纺丝,在明胶凝胶表面形成纤维层,进行干燥即可;本发明以凝胶状明胶作为静电纺丝的接收平面,将静电纺丝纤维均匀沉积在凝胶明胶表面,干燥后得到表面牢固附着静电纺丝纤维的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜,具有优良的力学性能和阻隔性。通过在静电纺丝纤维中添加负载抗菌精油的纳米环糊精MOFs材料,从而赋予复合薄膜持久的抗菌保鲜特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合薄膜技术领域,具体涉及一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
静电纺丝技术可以简单、快速地制备各种纤维薄膜,在生物医药、能源和催化等领域应用广泛。静电纺丝薄膜由短小的纤维相互层叠而成,其力学性能和阻隔性能难以与传统塑料薄膜相媲美。环糊精MOFs材料为γ-环糊精和钾离子通过自组装得到的可食用多孔性材料,能够高效负载抗菌精油,提高精油的稳定性,并且调节精油的释放特性,实现持久抗菌。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的不足,为了解决静电纺丝薄膜力学性能较差的问题,本发明的首要目的是提供一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法。
本发明的第二个目的是提供上述明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
本发明的第三个目的是提供上述明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的应用。
为达到上述首要目的,本发明的解决方案是:
一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)、将明胶颗粒加入去离子水中,搅拌加热到43-50℃,得到浓度为5-20wt%的明胶水溶液;
(2)、将明胶水溶液倒入模具中,经过静置、冷却,得到明胶凝胶;
(3)、利用金属导线将明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面;
(4)、将高分子材料和抗菌剂溶解在溶剂中,得到高分子浓度为3-20wt%,抗菌剂含量为5-10wt%的静电纺丝溶液,调节参数进行静电纺丝,在步骤(3)的明胶凝胶表面形成纤维层;并放入鼓风烘箱中在30-60℃下进行干燥,得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
优选地,步骤(4)中,高分子材料选自聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚羟基丁酸酯和玉米醇溶蛋白中的一种以上。
优选地,步骤(4)中,抗菌剂为抗菌精油-环糊精MOFs包合物。
优选地,抗菌精油-环糊精MOFs包合物的制备过程为:将纳米环糊精MOFs材料和抗菌精油加入二氯甲烷溶液或六氟异丙醇溶液中,经过磁力搅拌、离心、洗涤得到精油-环糊精MOFs包合物;抗菌精油选自丁香酚、肉桂醛、柠檬烯和香茅醇中的一种以上。
实际上,该抗菌剂材料中由于纳米环糊精MOFs材料具有丰富的孔隙结构,并且其孔隙通道具有两种尺寸0.78nm和1.7nm,可以实现抗菌精油的梯度缓释,故可以延缓抗菌膜中精油的释放速度,从而实现长效抑菌。
优选地,步骤(4)中,溶剂选自二氯甲烷和六氟异丙醇中的一种以上。
优选地,步骤(4)中,静电纺丝参数为:静电纺丝溶液的注射速度为0.2-1mL/h,温度为25-35℃,电压为15-23kV,距离为10-20cm。
由上述的制备方法得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜,即由明胶和可降解静电纺丝抑菌纤维复合而成。
本发明的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜可以在食品保鲜中得以应用。
由于采用上述方案,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明以凝胶状明胶作为静电纺丝的接收平面,将静电纺丝纤维均匀沉积在凝胶明胶表面,干燥后得到表面牢固附着静电纺丝纤维的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜,该复合抗菌膜的拉伸强度大于45MPa,氧气透过率小于410cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa),二氧化碳透过率小于530cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa),故该明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜具有优良的力学性能和阻隔性。另外,由于纳米环糊精MOFs材料具有丰富的孔隙结构,并且其孔隙通道具有两种尺寸0.78nm和1.7nm,可以实现抗菌精油的梯度缓释,因此,通过在静电纺丝纤维中添加负载抗菌精油的纳米环糊精MOFs材料,可以延长抑菌时效,从而赋予复合薄膜持久的抗菌保鲜特性。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜及其制备方法和应用。
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1:
本实施例的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取5g明胶颗粒加入到95mL去离子水中,搅拌加热到50℃,得到浓度为5wt%的明胶水溶液。
(2)、将得到的明胶水溶液倒入塑料模具中,经过静置、冷却,得到明胶凝胶。
(3)、利用金属导线将得到的明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面。
(4)、将纳米环糊精MOFs和丁香酚加入二氯甲烷中,经过磁力搅拌、离心、洗涤得到丁香酚-环糊精MOFs包合物。称取0.3g聚乳酸和0.5g丁香酚-环糊精MOFs包合物,溶解在9.2g二氯甲烷中得到静电纺丝溶液,该溶液的注射速度为1mL/h,温度为35℃,电压为18kV,距离为15cm,在明胶凝胶表面进行静电纺丝;然后放入鼓风烘箱中60℃下进行干燥,得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
该复合抗菌膜的拉伸强度为46MPa,氧气透过率为386cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa),二氧化碳透过率为495cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa)。利用该明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜包装草莓,室温下储存,可延长草莓保鲜期3-5天。
实施例2:
本实施例的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取10g明胶颗粒加入到90mL去离子水中,搅拌加热到43℃,得到浓度为10wt%的明胶水溶液。
(2)、将得到的明胶水溶液倒入塑料模具中,经过静置、冷却,得到明胶凝胶。
(3)、利用金属导线将得到的明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面。
(4)、将纳米环糊精MOFs和肉桂醛加入二氯甲烷中,经过磁力搅拌、离心、洗涤得到肉桂醛-环糊精MOFs包合物。称取1g聚己内酯和0.8g肉桂醛-环糊精MOFs包合物,溶解在8.2g二氯甲烷中得到静电纺丝溶液,该溶液的注射速度为0.8mL/h,温度为30℃,电压为20kV,距离为18cm,在明胶凝胶表面进行静电纺丝;然后放入鼓风烘箱中50℃下进行干燥,得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
该复合抗菌膜的拉伸强度为48MPa,氧气透过率为406cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa),二氧化碳透过率为521cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa)。利用该明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜包装鲈鱼,储存于0-5℃下,可延长鲈鱼保鲜期7天。
实施例3:
本实施例的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取20g明胶颗粒加入到80mL去离子水中,搅拌加热到47℃,得到浓度为20wt%的明胶水溶液。
(2)、将得到的明胶水溶液倒入塑料模具中,经过静置、冷却,得到明胶凝胶。
(3)、利用金属导线将得到的明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面。
(4)、将纳米环糊精MOFs和柠檬烯加入二氯甲烷中,经过磁力搅拌、离心、洗涤得到柠檬烯-环糊精MOFs包合物。称取2g聚羟基丁酸酯和1g柠檬烯-环糊精MOFs包合物,溶解在7g二氯甲烷中得到静电纺丝溶液,该溶液的注射速度为0.2mL/h,温度为25℃,电压为23kV,距离为20cm,在明胶凝胶表面进行静电纺丝;然后放入鼓风烘箱中60℃下进行干燥,得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
该复合抗菌膜的拉伸强度为49MPa,氧气透过率为394cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa),二氧化碳透过率为502cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa)。利用该明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜包装番茄,室温下储存,可延长番茄保鲜期6天。
实施例4:
本实施例的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取15g明胶颗粒加入到85mL去离子水中,搅拌加热到45℃,得到浓度为15wt%的明胶水溶液。
(2)、将得到的明胶水溶液倒入塑料模具中,经过静置、冷却,得到明胶凝胶。
(3)、利用金属导线将得到的明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面。
(4)、将纳米环糊精MOFs和香茅醇加入六氟异丙醇中,经过磁力搅拌、离心、洗涤得到香茅醇-环糊精MOFs包合物。称取1.5g玉米醇溶蛋白和0.7g香茅醇-环糊精MOFs包合物,溶解在7.8g六氟异丙醇中得到静电纺丝溶液,该溶液的注射速度为0.6mL/h,温度为32℃,电压为19kV,距离为17cm,在明胶凝胶表面进行静电纺丝;然后放入鼓风烘箱中60℃下进行干燥,得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
该复合抗菌膜的拉伸强度为47MPa,氧气透过率为406cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa),二氧化碳透过率为521cm3/(m2·d·0.1MPa)。利用该明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜包装樱桃,室温储存,可以延长樱桃保鲜期5天。
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用本发明。熟悉本领域技术人员显然可以容易的对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中,而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例。本领域技术人员根据本发明的原理,不脱离本发明的范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜的制备方法,其特征在于:其包括如下步骤:
(1)、将明胶颗粒加入去离子水中,搅拌加热到43-50℃,得到明胶水溶液;
(2)、将所述明胶水溶液倒入模具中,经过静置、冷却,得到明胶凝胶;
(3)、利用金属导线将所述明胶凝胶接地,作为接收平面;
(4)、将高分子材料和抗菌剂溶解在溶剂中,得到静电纺丝溶液,调节参数进行静电纺丝,在步骤(3)的明胶凝胶表面形成纤维层;并在30-60℃下进行干燥,得到明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述明胶水溶液的浓度为5-20wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述高分子材料选自聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚羟基丁酸酯和玉米醇溶蛋白中的一种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述抗菌剂为抗菌精油-环糊精MOFs包合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抗菌精油-环糊精MOFs包合物的制备过程为:将纳米环糊精MOFs材料和抗菌精油加入二氯甲烷溶液或六氟异丙醇溶液中,经过磁力搅拌、离心、洗涤得到精油-环糊精MOFs包合物;
所述抗菌精油选自丁香酚、肉桂醛、柠檬烯和香茅醇中的一种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述溶剂选自二氯甲烷和六氟异丙醇中的一种以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述静电纺丝的参数为:静电纺丝溶液的注射速度为0.2-1mL/h,温度为25-35℃,电压为15-23kV,距离为10-20cm。
8.一种明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜,其特征在于:其由权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法得到。
9.一种如权利要求8所述的明胶/纤维复合抗菌膜在食品保鲜中的应用。
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