CN112300034A - 一种用于有机发光器件的化合物 - Google Patents

一种用于有机发光器件的化合物 Download PDF

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CN112300034A
CN112300034A CN201910697371.2A CN201910697371A CN112300034A CN 112300034 A CN112300034 A CN 112300034A CN 201910697371 A CN201910697371 A CN 201910697371A CN 112300034 A CN112300034 A CN 112300034A
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田杰
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Incoflex Semiconductor Technology Ltd
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Abstract

一种用于发光器件的化合物，其化合物具有如式(I)所示结构的通式:R2‑X2·Ar‑X1‑R1式(I)，其中，Ar为芳香烃或是稠环类，R1，R2,X1,X2分别为取代单元，R1取代单元及R2取代单元可选自如下列取代基团中的一种:二甲基吖啶基、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚类基和氢原子取代基团，R1取代单元及R2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元及R1取代单元及R2取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团；X1取代单元及X2取代单元可以选自如下列取代基团中的一种:
Figure DDA0002149753400000011
Figure DDA0002149753400000012
Figure DDA0002149753400000013
和

Description

一种用于有机发光器件的化合物
技术领域
本发明是涉及有机发光器件技术领域，特别是有关于一种用于有机发光器件的化合物。
背景技术
有机发光(Organic light emitting diode,简称OLED)显示器件由于不需要背光源，对比度高、厚度薄、视角广、反应速度快、可用于挠曲性面板、使用温度范围广、构造及制程较简单等优异特性，被认为是下一代的平面显示器新兴应用技术。
有机发光二极管(以下称OLED)或者又称电致发光器件(EL)可以包括阳极、阴极以及介于阳极和阴极之间的有机发光材料层。其中阳极一般由透明导电材料如铟锡氧化物(ITO)制成，而阴极一般则是由低功函的金属例如镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、铝(Al)或是其合金所制成。在OLED中，正电荷，即电洞(hole)和负电子，即电子(electron)分别从阳极和阴极注入到发光材料层中，并且在发光材料层中再结合，从而形成可以发光的激发态。
然而现有技术中，OLED发光层由主体材料和客体材料组成，而客体发光材料主要是由金属配合物组成，金属配合物主要是由于重金属原子的引入，使得发光层内的量子效率可以提升至100％，但是重金属原子资源少，取得不易，导致使用重金属成本高，合成效率低。另外，重金属也比较容易污染环境，造成自然生态的破坏或是伤害人体，因此众多因素限制了利用金属配合物做为客体材料来与主体材料合成形成有机发光器件的发光层的有机材料。
发明内容
根据现有技术的缺陷，本发明主要公开一种用于有机发光器件中各功能层的有机材料，利用有机材料可以得到较高发光效率的有有机发光器件，并且可以降低有机发光器件的制造成本。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种利用有机材料做为有机发光器件各功能层的主要材料，此有机材料由有机化合物所构成，由于合成工艺容易，可以大规模的生产，而降低制程成本。
根据上述目的，本发明披露一种用于发光器件的化合物，其化合物具有如式(I)所示结构的通式:R2-X2·Ar-X1-R1式(I)，其中，Ar为芳香烃或是稠环类，R1，R2,X1,X2分别为取代单元，R1取代单元及R2取代单元可选自如下列取代基团中的一种:二甲基吖啶基、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚类基和氢原子取代基团，R1取代单元及R2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元及R1取代单元及R2取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团；X1取代单元及X2取代单元可以选自如下列取代基团中的一种:
Figure BDA0002149753390000021
Figure BDA0002149753390000022
且X1取代单元及X2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元，且X1取代单元及X2取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
于本发明较优选的实施例中，Ar的结构式可以是如下列所示:
Figure BDA0002149753390000023
Figure BDA0002149753390000031
于本发明较优选的实施例中，R1取代单元与R2取代单元的结构式可以是如下所列:
Figure BDA0002149753390000032
Figure BDA0002149753390000033
于本发明较优选的实施例中，在R1取代单元及R2取代单元中的Z1、Z2及Z3分别为次取代单元，Z1次取代单元,Z2次取代单元,及Z3次取代单元可以是吖啶基、三苯胺基团、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚基、烷基、芳香环、稠环或是氢取代基团，且Z1次取代单元、Z2次取代单元和Z3次取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
于本发明较优选的实施例中，在X1取代单元及X2取代单元中，Z1及Z2分别为次取代单元，Z1次取代单元及Z2次取代单元可以是吖啶基、三苯胺基团、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚基、烷基、芳香环、稠环或是氢取代基团，且Z1次取代单元及Z2次取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
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具体实施方式
本发明披露一种用于有机发光器件的化合物，此化合物以杂环类化合物取代金属配合物客体材料作为发光层或是有机发光器件中的各个功能层，除了可以降低有机发光器件的制程成本之外，同时可以减少对重金属的依赖，可以降低对自然生态环境污染，并且可以提高有机发光器件的发光效率。
在本发明中，用于有机发光器件的化合物具有如式(I)所示结构的通式:R2-X2·Ar-X1-R1式(I)，其中，Ar为芳香烃或是稠环类，R1，R2,X1,X2分别为取代单元，R1取代单元及R2取代单元可选自如下列取代基团中的一种:二甲基吖啶基、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚类基或是氢原子取代基团，R1取代单元及R2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元及R1取代单元及R2取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
举例来说，当R1取代单元为二甲基吖啶基时，R2取代单元可以是芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚类基或是氢原子取代基团；反之亦然。当R1取代单元为芳胺基时，R2取代单元也可以是芳胺基。
另外，在式(I)中的X1取代单元及X2取代单元可以是如下列取代基团:
Figure BDA0002149753390000051
Figure BDA0002149753390000052
且X1取代单元及X2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元，且X1取代单元及X2取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。同样的，当X1取代单元为
Figure BDA0002149753390000053
时，X2取代单元可是式(2)-式(7)其中任一种取代基团；反之亦然。当X1取代单元为
Figure BDA0002149753390000054
X2取代单元也可以是相同的取代基团
Figure BDA0002149753390000055
于本发明的一实施例中，Ar的结构式可以如下列所示:
Figure BDA0002149753390000056
Figure BDA0002149753390000057
另外，在式(I)中，R1取代单元与R2取代单元的结构式可以是如下所列:
Figure BDA0002149753390000061
此外，在上述式(14)-式(22)中，R1取代单元及R2取代单元中的Z1、Z2及Z3分别为次取代单元，Z1次取代单元,Z2次取代单元,及Z3次取代单元可以是吖啶基、三苯胺基团、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚基、烷基、芳香环、稠环或是氢取代基团，且Z1次取代单元及Z2次取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
另外，在式(I)中的X1取代单元和X2取代单元中
Figure BDA0002149753390000062
及
Figure BDA0002149753390000063
Figure BDA0002149753390000064
中的Z1,Z2亦为次取代单元，Z1次取代单元及Z2次取代单元可以是吖啶基、三苯胺基团、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚基、烷基、芳香环、稠环或是氢取代基团，且Z1次取代单元及Z2次取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
因此，根据以上所述，用于有机发光器件的化合物R2-X2·Ar-X1-R1式(I)可以如下列式(23)－式(74)所表示的结构式:
Figure BDA0002149753390000071
Figure BDA0002149753390000072
Figure BDA0002149753390000081
Figure BDA0002149753390000091
Figure BDA0002149753390000101
Figure BDA0002149753390000111
Figure BDA0002149753390000121
Figure BDA0002149753390000122
要说明的是，在本发明中只针对可以做为有机发光器件的化合物来讨论，至于合成方法及合成的步骤并不在讨论范围内。
以上所述仅为本发明之较佳实施例，并非用以限定本发明之权利范围；同时以上的描述，对于相关技术领域之专门人士应可明了及实施，因此其他未脱离本发明所揭示之精神下所完成的等效改变或修饰，均应包含在申请专利范围中。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于有机发光器件的化合物，其特征在于，具有式(I)所示结构的通式:
R2-X2·Ar-X1-R1式(I)
其中所述Ar为芳香烃或稠环类，所述R1,所述R2,所述X1,所述X2分别为取代单元，所述R1取代单元及所述R2取代单元选自如下列取代基团中的一种:二甲基吖啶基、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚类基和氢原子取代基团，且所述R1取代单元及所述R2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元及所述R1取代单元及所述R2取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团；所述X1取代单元及所述X2取代单元选自如下列取代基团中的一种:
Figure FDA0002149753380000011
Figure FDA0002149753380000012
且所述X1取代单元和所述X2取代单元分别为独立的取代单元及所述X1取代单元及所述X2取代单元可是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于有机发光器件的化合物，其特征在于，所述Ar的结构式可以是如下所列:
Figure FDA0002149753380000021
Figure FDA0002149753380000022
3.如权利要求1所述的用于有机发光器件的化合物，其特征在于，所述R1取代单元和所述R2取代单元的结构式可以如下所列:
Figure FDA0002149753380000023
Figure FDA0002149753380000024
4.如权利要求3所述的用于有机发光器件的化合物，其特征在于，在所述R1取代单元及在所述R2取代单元中的所述Z1,所述Z2,及所述Z3分别为次取代单元，所述Z1次取代单元,所述Z2次取代单元,及所述Z3次取代单元可以是吖啶基、三苯胺基团、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚基、烷基、芳香环、稠环或是氢取代基团，且所述Z1次取代单元、所述Z2次取代单元和所述Z3次取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于有机发光器件的化合物，其特征在于，在所述X1取代单元及所述X2取代单元中，所述Z1及所述Z2分别为次取代单元，所述Z1次取代单元及所述Z2次取代单元可以是吖啶基、三苯胺基团、芴基、螺二芴基、咔唑基、芳胺基、吩噻嗪基、吩恶嗪类基和吲哚基、烷基、芳香环、稠环或是氢取代基团，且所述Z1次取代单元及所述Z2次取代单元可以是相同的取代基团或是不同的取代基团。
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