CN112293435A - Spray and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Spray and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112293435A CN112293435A CN202011203819.XA CN202011203819A CN112293435A CN 112293435 A CN112293435 A CN 112293435A CN 202011203819 A CN202011203819 A CN 202011203819A CN 112293435 A CN112293435 A CN 112293435A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
- A01N25/06—Aerosols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention relates to a spray and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of pesticides. The spray consists of solute and solvent; wherein the solute comprises gel raw materials, bimetallic oxides, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate and garlic powder; the gel raw material is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, agar, sodium hyaluronate, carrageenan, xanthan gum and pullulan; the bimetallic oxide is at least one of bismuth stannate, cobalt stannate, bismuth vanadate, bismuth molybdate and iron molybdate. The spraying agent can realize double functions of insect prevention and corrosion prevention, and does not contain any component harmful to human bodies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spray and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of pesticides.
Background
With the improvement of the living standard of the public, the demand and the quality requirement on fruits are higher and higher, most basically, diseases and insect pests cannot exist and the fruits cannot rot, so that the spraying agents such as pesticides and the like are required to be sprayed to prevent the diseases and the insect pests and prevent the fruits from rotting in the growth process of the fruits.
In the existing fruit surface layer spraying agent, most pesticide insecticides, such as rotenone-containing compounds, alkaloids, synthetic organic chemical drugs and the like, are harmful to human bodies and are difficult to clean when fruits are eaten; when the fruit cleaning agent is used for spraying fruits, the ground surface is polluted by the spraying agent, water generated by cleaning the fruits can further pollute underground water sources, toxic substances can finally enter human bodies, and long-term pesticide residues in the human bodies can cause a lot of diseases. In addition, the existing spray has complex preparation method, long preparation period and higher raw material and preparation cost. In addition, because the genetic mutation and generation-by-generation inheritance of pests slowly begin to generate drug resistance to some commercial pesticides, the pesticide effect is poor and the re-infection rate is high, so that the protective effect of the existing spray on fruits is not long-lasting.
The technical problem to be solved in the field is to spray the fruits in a low-cost manner, and to achieve high-efficiency insect and rot prevention effect without harm to human body, and the pesticide effect is to be durable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides the insect-proof and rot-proof spraying agent for fruits, the spraying agent can realize double functions of insect prevention and rot prevention, is harmless to human bodies when used, can form a dozen of microns of protective film after being sprayed on fruits, and has lasting drug effect.
The spray consists of solute and solvent; wherein the solute comprises gel raw materials, bimetallic oxides, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate and garlic powder; the gel raw material is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, agar, sodium hyaluronate, carrageenan, xanthan gum and pullulan; the bimetallic oxide is at least one of bismuth stannate, cobalt stannate, bismuth vanadate, bismuth molybdate and iron molybdate.
In one embodiment, the solutes in the spray are comprised of a gel material, a bimetallic oxide, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate, and garlic powder.
In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the gel raw material, the bimetallic oxide, the montmorillonite, the stannous pyrophosphate and the garlic powder is 9-20: 20-35: 10-17: 3-8: 25-45; preferably, the weight ratio of the gel raw material, the bimetallic oxide, the montmorillonite, the stannous pyrophosphate and the garlic powder is 2:4:1.72:0.86: 5.
In one embodiment, for convenience of storage and transportation, the spray is generally prepared as a concentrated solution in advance using an organic solvent; preferably, the organic solvent is at least one of diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol; preferably, the solvent is propylene glycol.
In one embodiment, the gel material is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
In one embodiment, the bimetallic oxides are bismuth stannate and cobalt stannate; preferably, the granularity of the bimetallic oxide is 15-25 nm;
more preferably, the preparation of the bimetallic oxide is carried out by the following steps:
a: respectively dissolving chloride or nitrate of two metals related to a bimetallic oxide in water according to equimolar amount, and then mixing the two solutions;
b: adding inorganic base into the mixed solution to enable the concentration of the base in the solution to be 0.8-1.5 mol/L; preferably, the concentration of the alkali is 1 mol/L;
c: mixing the solution after the alkali is added for 15-30 min at room temperature, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 16-20 h at 160-200 ℃;
d: washing and drying the precipitate obtained after the reaction to obtain the compound; the preferable drying temperature is 40-70 ℃; more preferably, the drying temperature is 40 ℃.
In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is 1: 55-115; preferably, the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is 1: 75-95.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the spray.
The preparation method of the spray comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly dispersing the solute in the solvent to obtain the product.
The invention also provides application of the spray.
The application method of the spray comprises the following steps: diluting the spray by 10-300 times with water for use.
The spray is used for preventing and controlling pests or preventing fruit from rotting; preferably, the pests are tetranychid mites or black ants.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the spraying agent can realize double functions of insect prevention and rot prevention.
2. The spray of the invention does not use any component harmful to human body.
3. The spray of the invention is specially added with two raw materials with special effects: bimetallic oxide with dispersion effect and stannous pyrophosphate with the effect of preventing solution solute from settling.
4. The spraying agent can form a film of dozens of microns on the outer surface of the fruit, and has lasting protective effect on the fruit.
5. The raw materials used by the spray are low in price, and the preparation method is simple.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a TEM image of bismuth stannate prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a spray for preventing fruit from insect and preventing fruit from rot, which can realize double functions of preventing insect and preventing fruit from rot, is harmless to human bodies when used, can form a protective film of dozens of microns after being sprayed on fruits, and has lasting drug effect.
The spray consists of solute and solvent; wherein the solute comprises gel raw materials, bimetallic oxides, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate and garlic powder; the gel raw material is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, agar, sodium hyaluronate, carrageenan, xanthan gum and pullulan; the bimetallic oxide is at least one of bismuth stannate, cobalt stannate, bismuth vanadate, bismuth molybdate and iron molybdate.
Wherein, the components of the spray can also contain other auxiliary materials such as antifreeze, preservative and the like according to the requirement.
The bimetal oxide plays a role of dispersion in the spray; the purpose of the gel material is to effect gelation;
the montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate and garlic powder are conventional materials sold in the market.
The spray adopts materials with gelation effect such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the like, which are favorable for forming a film on the surface of fruits by the spray, is favorable for preventing the fruits from rotting and also is favorable for maintaining the active ingredients, the nano-scale bimetallic oxides such as bismuth stannate and the like directly cover eyes, ears, genital organs and the like of pests to suffocate and die the pests, the montmorillonite helps to disperse and bond the active substances, the stannous pyrophosphate prevents the active substances in the solution from settling, is favorable for maintaining the long-acting stability of the concentrated solution of the spray, and organic sulfur compounds contained in the garlic powder can inhibit the metabolism of sugar and amino acid in the pests and can accelerate the death process of the pests.
In one embodiment, the solutes in the spray are comprised of a gel material, a bimetallic oxide, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate, and garlic powder.
In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the gel raw material, the bimetallic oxide, the montmorillonite, the stannous pyrophosphate and the garlic powder is 9-20: 20-35: 10-17: 3-8: 25-45; preferably, the weight ratio of the gel raw material, the bimetallic oxide, the montmorillonite, the stannous pyrophosphate and the garlic powder is 2:4:1.72:0.86: 5.
In one embodiment, for convenience of storage and transportation, the spray is generally prepared as a concentrated solution in advance using an organic solvent; preferably, the organic solvent is at least one of diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol; preferably, the solvent is propylene glycol.
In one embodiment, the gel material is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
In one embodiment, the bimetallic oxides are bismuth stannate and cobalt stannate; preferably, the granularity of the bimetallic oxide is 15-25 nm;
more preferably, the preparation of the bimetallic oxide is carried out by the following steps:
a: respectively dissolving chloride or nitrate of two metals related to a bimetallic oxide in water according to equimolar amount, and then mixing the two solutions;
b: adding inorganic base into the mixed solution to enable the concentration of the base in the solution to be 0.8-1.5 mol/L; preferably, the concentration of the alkali is 1 mol/L;
c: mixing the solution after the alkali is added for 15-30 min at room temperature, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 16-20 h at 160-200 ℃;
d: washing and drying the precipitate obtained after the reaction to obtain the compound; the preferable drying temperature is 40-70 ℃; more preferably, the drying temperature is 40 ℃.
Further, in the step A of the preparation method of the bimetal oxide, the volume of deionized water corresponding to 1mmol of metal chloride or nitrate is (10-20) mL; the inorganic base used in the step B is NaOH or KOH, and NaOH is preferred; the temperature and time of the hydrothermal reaction in the step C are preferably 200 ℃ and 16 h; under the preferred conditions, ultra-fine nano-sized bimetallic oxides are obtained. Compared with common reaction raw material potassium stannate, the raw material chloride or nitrate is easier to dissociate metal cations in the reaction process, the reaction can be more sufficient, the agglomeration phenomenon of final products can be prevented, the particle size distribution of the final products is more uniform, and the dispersibility of the final products in the spray is better.
In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is 1: 55-115; preferably, the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is 1: 75-95.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the spray.
The preparation method of the spray comprises the following steps: and (3) uniformly dispersing the solute in the solvent to obtain the product.
The invention also provides application of the spray.
The application method of the spray comprises the following steps: diluting the spray by 10-300 times with water for use.
The concentrated insect-proof and rot-proof spray is diluted to different times according to actual conditions, such as weather conditions, fruit sizes, maturity and the like, when the concentrated insect-proof and rot-proof spray is actually sprayed.
The invention relates to a specific usage of the insect-proof rot-proof spraying agent, which comprises the following steps: the spraying time is preferably once spraying for 9-11 days before the pests are infected, when the fruit trees bloom and grow fruits, the spraying time is preferably three times at the interval, and the spraying time is supplemented once after rain when the fruit trees are washed by heavy rains. Weeds and other sundries possibly containing pests are eradicated as far as possible before the fruit trees are sprayed, so that the pests are prevented from escaping into the weeds and sundries to influence the insecticidal effect.
The spray is used for preventing and controlling pests or preventing fruit from rotting; preferably, the pests are tetranychid mites or black ants.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: preparation method of insect-proof rot-proof spray for fruits
Firstly, preparing nano-scale bismuth stannate: 3.50g SnCl4·5H2Dissolving O in 100mL of deionized water to obtain a clear solution; 4.85g Bi (NO)3)3·5H2O dissolved in 100mL deionized water, turbidity appeared and ultrasonic homogenization occurred. Then, SnCl4The solution is added to Bi (NO)3)3And adding 8g of NaOH solution into the solution to enable the concentration of NaOH in the whole solution to be 1mol/L, stirring the solution at room temperature for 20min, transferring the suspension into a 500mL polytetrafluoroethylene inner container hydrothermal kettle, carrying out hydrothermal treatment at 200 ℃ for 16h, naturally cooling the suspension to room temperature, washing the obtained light yellow precipitate by using centrifugation, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying the washed light yellow precipitate in a 60 ℃ constant-temperature drying oven for 12h to obtain a nano-grade granular bismuth stannate sample.
The solute component of the mixed spray consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.00g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4.00g of bismuth stannate, 1.72g of montmorillonite, 0.86g of stannous pyrophosphate and 5.00g of garlic powder. The solute components are fully dispersed in 1L propylene glycol to obtain the concentrated solution of the spray.
Example 2: preparation method of insect-proof rot-proof spray for fruits
Preparing nano cobalt stannate: the preparation of bismuth stannate in example 1 above was carried out: adding Bi (NO)3)3·5H2Replacement of O by Co (NO)3)2·6H2O and bismuth stannate are replaced by cobalt stannate, the hydrothermal reaction temperature and time are changed to 190 ℃ and 18h, and the rest steps are completely the same as those in the example 1.
The solute component of the mixed spray consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.00g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4.00g of cobalt stannate, 1.72g of montmorillonite, 0.86g of stannous pyrophosphate and 5.00g of garlic powder. The solute components are fully dispersed in 1L propylene glycol to obtain the concentrated solution of the spray.
Example 3: preparation method of insect-proof rot-proof spray for fruits
Preparing nano-scale bismuth stannate: the NaOH was replaced with KOH as in example 1 above, and the remaining steps were exactly the same as in example 1.
The solute component of the mixed spray consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.00g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4.00g of bismuth stannate, 1.72g of montmorillonite, 0.86g of stannous pyrophosphate and 5.00g of garlic powder. The solute components are fully dispersed in 1L propylene glycol to obtain the concentrated solution of the spray.
Comparative example 1:
the solute component of the mixed spray consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.00g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1.72g of montmorillonite, 0.86g of stannous pyrophosphate and 5.00g of garlic powder. The solute components are fully dispersed in 1L propylene glycol to obtain the concentrated solution of the spray.
Comparative example 2:
nanoscale bismuth stannate was prepared as in example 1.
The solute component of the mixed spray consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.00g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4.00g of bismuth stannate, 1.72g of montmorillonite and 5.00g of garlic powder. The solute components are fully dispersed in 1L propylene glycol to obtain the concentrated solution of the spray.
Comparative example 3: the commercial insect-proof pesticide carbofuran.
Comparative example 4: the commercial insect-proof pesticide triadimefon.
Test example 1
A Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) of the bismuth stannate prepared in the above example 1 is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 1 shows that the prepared bismuth stannate is a nano-sized granular material, has good dispersibility, no agglomeration phenomenon, and good dispersion effect, and can effectively cover eyes, ears, genitals and the like of pests to suffocate and die the pests.
Test example 2
In order to conveniently compare the insect and rot prevention effects of the examples and the comparative examples, 7 groups of tests are set, and 100 tetranychus ulmi with similar size and health condition and 100 black ants with similar size and health condition are selected in each group of tests.
The using concentration of the spray is as follows:
the spray concentrates prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are respectively diluted with water until the mass fraction of solute is 0.2g/L for later use.
Carbofuran in comparative example 3 was diluted with water to a concentration of 0.2g/L for use.
The triadimefon of comparative example 4 was diluted with water to a concentration of 0.2g/L for further use.
Placing tetranychus ulmi and Formica Fusca on gauze-covered 1 × 1 × 1m3The same amount (3mL) of diluted sprays of the above examples and comparative examples are sprayed in the stainless steel cage, the pests are observed to be immobile and die after 2, 4, 8 and 20 minutes and 24 hours, the pests which are immobile in the first 20 minutes are classified as die treatment, if the pests are reactivated, the pest death rate is counted in the statistical data after 24 hours. The test was performed in triplicate and the average of the triplicate tests was calculated and the results are shown in table 1:
table 1: statistics of pest mortality at different times after spraying spray
The data in table 1 show that the examples 1 to 3 have more obvious insecticidal effects than the comparative examples 1 to 4, wherein the insecticidal effects of the stannous pyrophosphate which does not contain the bimetal oxide with the dispersion effect and has the anti-settling effect are greatly reduced, and the necessity and effectiveness of the two raw materials are shown and are the originality of the invention.
Test example 3
In order to verify the pesticide effect durability of the above examples and comparative examples, 7 groups of tests are set, wherein each group of tests respectively adopts the spraying agent of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4, each group of 30 apple trees, and the impregnation degree and the pest ratio of the apple trees selected in the tests are basically consistent.
The using concentration of the spray is as follows:
the concentrated solution of the spray of the examples 1-3 and the concentrated solution of the spray of the comparative examples 1-2 are respectively diluted by adding water until the mass fraction of solute is 0.2g/L for later use.
Carbofuran in comparative example 3 was diluted with water to a concentration of 0.2g/L for use.
The triadimefon of comparative example 4 was diluted with water to a concentration of 0.2g/L for further use.
The test method comprises the following steps: 30 small apple trees which are seriously infected by tetranychid mites, black ants and other pests are soaked on the surface of the whole small apple tree by using 300mL of diluted spraying agent per plant. And when the pests die for 12 hours, observing whether the small apple trees are infected by the pests again after 1, 4, 7 and 14 days, and counting according to the infection percentage by taking the number of the previously dead pests as a base number. The final results are shown in table 2:
the infection percentage is the total number of pests on the small apple trees after n days of treatment/the total number of pests before treatment
Description of the formula: after n days of treatment, the fruit trees are further infected by the harmful insects, which is expressed as the infection percentage. Such as: after n days of treatment, 10 pests on the small apple trees are re-infected, and the number of the pests which are all dead before is 11, so that the infection percentage is 10/11 × 100 ═ 91%.
Table 2: the condition that the pests infect the trees again after spraying the spray for different days is counted by the infection percentage
| 1 day | 4 days | 7 days | 14 days | |
| Example 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Example 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Example 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5 | 46 | 89 | 100 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3 | 33 | 69 | 95 |
| Comparative example 3 | 28 | 99 | 101 | 136 |
| Comparative example 4 | 26 | 101 | 113 | 132 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the above examples 1 to 3 have a more significant insect-repellent effect than the comparative examples 1 to 4, indicating that the pesticide composition has a longer duration of efficacy retention and is significantly superior to commercially available toxic pesticides. Wherein, the insect-proof effect of stannous pyrophosphate with no addition of double metal oxide with dispersion effect and anti-sedimentation effect is much worse, which shows the necessity and effectiveness of the two raw materials and is the originality of the invention.
In addition, the above statistics and observations indicate that the anti-insect and anti-rot spray of the present invention provides an improvement in the prevention of fruit rot after spraying fruits for 14 days, compared to other commercially available sprays.
Claims (10)
1. A spray characterized by: consists of solute and solvent; wherein the solute comprises gel raw materials, bimetallic oxides, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate and garlic powder; the gel raw material is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, agar, sodium hyaluronate, carrageenan, xanthan gum and pullulan; the bimetallic oxide is at least one of bismuth stannate, cobalt stannate, bismuth vanadate, bismuth molybdate and iron molybdate.
2. The spray according to claim 1, wherein the solute is composed of a gel material, a bimetal, montmorillonite, stannous pyrophosphate and garlic powder.
3. The spray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of the gel raw material, the bimetal oxide, the montmorillonite, the stannous pyrophosphate and the garlic powder is 9-20: 20-35: 10-17: 3-8: 25-45; preferably, the weight ratio of the gel raw material, the bimetallic oxide, the montmorillonite, the stannous pyrophosphate and the garlic powder is 2:4:1.72:0.86: 5.
4. The spray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solvent is at least one of diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol; preferably, the solvent is propylene glycol.
5. The spray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gel material is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
6. The spray according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bimetallic oxides are bismuth stannate and cobalt stannate; preferably, the granularity of the bimetallic oxide is 15-25 nm;
more preferably, the preparation of the bimetallic oxide is carried out by the following steps:
a: respectively dissolving chloride or nitrate of two metals related to a bimetallic oxide in water according to equimolar amount, and then mixing the two solutions;
b: adding inorganic base into the mixed solution to enable the concentration of the base in the solution to be 0.8-1.5 mol/L; preferably, the concentration of the alkali is 1 mol/L;
c: mixing the solution after the alkali is added for 15-30 min at room temperature, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 16-20 h at 160-200 ℃;
d: washing and drying the precipitate obtained after the reaction to obtain the bimetal oxide; preferably, the drying temperature is 40-70 ℃; more preferably, the drying temperature is 40 ℃.
7. The spray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is 1: 55-115; preferably, the mass ratio of the solute to the solvent is 1: 75-95.
8. A method of preparing a spray as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the solute is dispersed uniformly in the solvent.
9. Use of the spray according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spray is diluted 10 to 300 times with water.
10. Use of a spray according to claim 9 for controlling pests or for preventing fruit decay; preferably, the pests are tetranychid mites or black ants.
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Application publication date: 20210202 |