CN112275977A - Disc rolling forming system and method - Google Patents
Disc rolling forming system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112275977A CN112275977A CN202011111995.0A CN202011111995A CN112275977A CN 112275977 A CN112275977 A CN 112275977A CN 202011111995 A CN202011111995 A CN 202011111995A CN 112275977 A CN112275977 A CN 112275977A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001272720 Medialuna californiensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010275 isothermal forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/085—Accessories for handling work or tools handling of tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
- B21J13/12—Turning means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
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Abstract
A disk rolling forming system and method comprises: fixing the center of the disc by two pressing heads; and driving the disc to rotate; heating the spoke and the rim part of the disc part by an induction coil; blowing cooling gas to the hub of the disc; rolling and forming the disc piece through a rolling head; reducing the power of the induction coil to slowly reduce the temperature of the disc piece to a preset temperature and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature in air; and carrying out solution heat treatment on the disc. The temperature difference in the radial direction can be formed by heating the spoke and rim portions of the disk while blowing cooling gas to the hub portion so that the temperature of the center portion of the disk is lower than the temperature of the other portions of the disk. Therefore, the disc part forms a microstructure which is in gradient distribution and gradually transits after being rolled and formed, and the gradient distribution of the radial mechanical property of the high-performance turbine disc is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal part machining, in particular to a system and a method for rolling and forming a disc.
Background
Heat-resistant alloys such as titanium alloys, nickel-based superalloys, and the like are widely used in the manufacture of aircraft engine turbine disks and compressor disks. They have high heat resistance and gas corrosion resistance, but at the same time have poor workability due to low ductility and high deformation resistance, and are also called as difficult-to-form high-strength metal materials. The heat resistant alloy turbine disk has high demands on dimensional accuracy and structure formed during deformation and subsequent heat treatment, and is currently mainly formed by die forging a heat resistant alloy disk blank in its entirety under isothermal or near isothermal conditions by a method similar to that described in US 3519503. The disadvantage of this method is the large tonnage press equipment required, which, according to calculations, requires an isothermal forging press with a forming force of about 150MN for the manufacture of discs with a diameter of 550mm, which is very energy consuming and in addition the cost of the dies for forging high temperature alloys is quite high.
It should also be noted that the service operating conditions of many titanium alloy, nickel-base superalloy turbine disks are exceptionally harsh, where it is advantageous to form a gradient-like heterogeneous texture state in various regions of the turbine disk. Generally, the hub (core) region is subjected to high stress at low temperatures and requires a fine grain structure to ensure sufficient strength and fatigue resistance, while the rim (rim) region is subjected to low stress at high temperatures and requires coarse grain to ensure sufficient creep and endurance properties. However, when the integral die forging is used for forming, the hub, the spoke and the rim are formed simultaneously, and the difficulty in performing gradient structure regulation on the forging part subarea in the forging process is high.
In order to find a low-cost disc manufacturing method, a rotary forming method similar to ring rolling has been attempted to manufacture the disc. Published patents CN100546759 and CN100486754 describe rolling methods of large and medium hollow and solid disc forgings, the forming process is developed based on a radial-axial ring rolling machine, belongs to horizontal rolling of disc forgings, and is characterized in that under the combined action of axial feeding of an upper conical roller and rotary rolling of the upper conical roller and a lower conical roller, the axial size of a disc blank is gradually thinned, the radial size is continuously extended, and finally the disc forgings are formed. One of the limitations of this method is that the processing flexibility is poor, because the roll shapes of the upper and lower conical rolls need to be prefabricated according to the final shape requirement of the disc, and if the shape of the disc is too complex, the shape of the conical roll prefabricated at one time is difficult to meet the requirement. The second limitation is that the rolling of the disk based on the ring rolling machine is differential temperature forming because the online heating on the forming equipment is difficult to realize due to the structural characteristics of the radial-axial ring rolling machine. The third limitation is that the rolling deformation rate of different parts of the disc is difficult to regulate and control on the same set of conical rolls.
The published Russian patent RU2119842 introduces a disc double-sided rolling forming method similar to train wheel rolling, belongs to disc vertical double-sided rolling forming, and is characterized in that: the disk hub part of the disk blank is clamped by the driving main shafts on both sides and rotates along with the main shafts, the two pairs of rolling heads are respectively positioned on both sides of the disk blank and can feed in the radial direction and the axial direction relative to a workpiece to roll both sides of the disk blank, the rolling forming process is coordinated and controlled by a control system of a rolling mill, and the disk blank, the rolling heads and the main shaft chuck are all positioned in a closed heating furnace cavity and can carry out isothermal rolling forming on the disk blank. The method has the limitations that 4 rolling head arms and 2 insertion holes for clamping the main shaft need to be reserved on the wall of the closed heating furnace, and in addition, the radial feeding stroke of the disc piece is relatively large, so that the size of the insertion holes of the rolling head arms needs to be large. The presence of holes above the furnace poses many difficulties in maintaining or developing temperature gradients in the furnace.
The published Chinese patents CN200720195059.6 (double-sided roll forming equipment), CN201110399183.5 (double-sided roll forming induction heating technology of disc-shaped pieces) and CN201310551488.2 (high-temperature alloy double-performance disc roll forming process) also belong to the vertical double-sided roll forming technology of disc-shaped pieces. The double-sided rolling forming equipment has the forming principle similar to that of the equipment disclosed in Russian patent RU2119842, and has the advantages that the heating device adopts induction heating coils, the induction heating coils distributed up and down enable the temperature of the peripheral part (wheel rim and wheel spoke) of the disc part to be high, and the temperature of the hub part is lower and just accords with the temperature distribution required by rolling of the high-temperature alloy double-performance disc. The second advantage is that there is a gap between the upper and lower induction heating coils, and compared with the closed heating furnace, the movement and feeding of the rolling head arm are not limited. One of the limitations of this method is that the radial temperature difference of the disc, obtained by means of the distribution of the induction coils, is not large enough, and this process is not satisfactory when a sufficient temperature difference in the radial direction of the disc is desired in order to obtain different grain size distributions. This is because the rim and the spoke are continuously conducted heat to the hub during the rolling process, and the temperature difference among the rim, the spoke and the hub is continuously reduced along with the increase of the rolling time. The second limitation is that the disk rotates passively along with the rotation of the rolling head during the rolling process, resulting in a certain degree of slippage, and the rolling speed and the rolling deformation rate of the rolling head are difficult to control accurately. The third limitation is that the upper and lower induction heating coils are connected in series, which brings certain difficulty to the feeding and blanking of the disc, especially when the workpiece is large.
In summary, there is a need for a system and a method for roll forming a disc, so that a microstructure of a disc which is distributed in a gradient manner and gradually transits is formed in a radial direction after roll forming, thereby realizing the gradient distribution of radial mechanical properties of a high-performance turbine disc.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a rolling forming system for a disk, so as to form a microstructure that is distributed in a gradient manner and gradually transits in a radial direction after rolling forming of the disk, thereby realizing the gradient distribution of radial mechanical properties of a high-performance turbine disk.
The invention provides a rolling forming system for a disc part, which comprises: the rotary fixing device is provided with two opposite pressing heads and is used for clamping and fixing the center of the disc piece and driving the disc piece to rotate; an induction heating device having an induction heating coil disposed around the disc for induction heating the disc; the rolling device is provided with rolling heads which are oppositely arranged on two sides of the disc piece and used for rolling and forming the disc piece; and one end of the cooling pipe is arranged at the central position of the disk and used for blowing cooling gas to the disk.
By adopting the structure, the disc part is fixed by the rotary fixing device and is driven to rotate; heating the disc by an induction heating device; rolling and forming the disc by a rolling device; and blowing cooling gas to the central position of the disc through the cooling pipe to ensure that the temperature of the central position of the disc is lower than the temperature of other positions of the disc, so as to form a temperature difference in the radial direction. Therefore, the disc part forms a microstructure which is in gradient distribution and gradually transits after being rolled and formed, and the gradient distribution of the radial mechanical property of the high-performance turbine disc is realized.
Preferably, the rotation fixing device includes: a housing; the cylindrical main shaft is movably connected with the shell through a bearing sleeved on the peripheral surface; the pressing head is arranged at one end of the cylindrical pressing rod, the pressing oil cylinder for driving the pressing rod to move along the axial direction is arranged at the other end of the cylindrical pressing rod, and the cylindrical pressing rod is movably connected with the main shaft through a spline arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical pressing rod; and a motor for driving the spindle to rotate.
Adopt as above structure, provide the concrete structure of rotatory fixing device, can drive the compression bar through the pressure cylinder and realize fixing the dish spare, it is rotatory through motor drive main shaft, because the compression bar passes through spline swing joint with the main shaft, the main shaft is rotatory can drive the compression bar and rotate. Thereby realizing the fixation of the disk and the rotation of the driving disk.
According to the invention, the compaction oil cylinder is provided with a piston rod which extends out or retracts through hydraulic drive; the axis of the piston rod is superposed with the compression rod, and the end part of the piston rod is connected with the other end of the compression rod; the cooling pipe is arranged at the axial center position of the piston rod and the compressing rod along the radial direction; one end of the cooling pipe forms an opening at the end part of the pressing head, and the other end of the cooling pipe forms an air inlet on the pressing oil cylinder.
Adopt as above structure, provide the concrete structure of cooling tube, through setting up the cooling tube in compressing tightly pole and piston rod axle center position, can realize lowering the temperature dish central point puts. The temperature of the central position of the disk is lower than the temperature of other positions of the disk. Therefore, the disc part forms a microstructure which is in gradient distribution and gradually transits after being rolled and formed, and the gradient distribution of the radial mechanical property of the high-performance turbine disc is realized.
According to the invention, preferably, the air inlet is provided with a rotary joint.
Adopt as above structure, when motor drive compression bar is rotatory, and then drive the cooling tube when rotatory, can conveniently be connected with the cooling tube through rotary joint.
Preferably, the compressing head is internally provided with an exhaust pipe which is communicated with the cooling pipe and the peripheral surface of the compressing head.
By adopting the structure, the cooling gas discharged after the temperature rise can be conveniently cooled for the disc, so that the efficiency of cooling the disc by the cooling gas is improved.
According to the invention, preferably, a worm wheel is arranged on the peripheral surface of the main shaft; the worm is meshed with the worm wheel; the motor drives the worm to rotate through the speed reducer.
By adopting the structure, a transmission mode of the motor and the spindle is provided.
Preferably, the induction heating coils are oppositely arranged, and form a semicircle around the disc; the pressing head and the rolling head are arranged between the two induction heating coils.
By adopting the structure, the induction heating coil is arranged into a semicircle, and the space in the middle position of the disc piece is reserved, so that the disc piece can be conveniently fixed by the pressing head, and the disc piece can be conveniently rolled and formed by the rolling head of the rolling device.
Preferably, the two induction heating coils are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the opposite sides of the two induction heating coils are located at the middle position in the radial direction of the spoke.
The structure can prevent the part of the spoke close to the hub from being heated, so that the temperature of the spoke close to the hub is lower than that of the spoke close to the rim, and a temperature difference is formed in the radial direction. Therefore, the disc part forms a microstructure which is in gradient distribution and gradually transits after being rolled and formed, and the gradient distribution of the radial mechanical property of the high-performance turbine disc is realized.
The invention preferably further comprises a temperature detection device which is provided with an infrared temperature measurement probe and is used for detecting the temperature of the disc.
By adopting the structure, the temperature of each part of the dish piece can be detected through the infrared temperature measuring probe, and the temperature of the center of the dish piece can be adjusted by adjusting the air inflow of cooling gas in the cooling pipe.
The invention also provides a disc rolling forming method based on the system, which comprises the following steps: fixing the center of the disc by two pressing heads; and driving the disc to rotate; heating the spoke and the rim part of the disc part by an induction coil; blowing cooling gas to the hub of the disc; rolling and forming the disc piece through a rolling head; reducing the power of the induction coil to slowly reduce the temperature of the disc piece to a preset temperature and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature in air; and carrying out solution heat treatment on the disc.
In the above method, the temperature difference in the radial direction can be formed by heating the spoke and rim portions of the disk while blowing the cooling gas to the hub portion so that the temperature of the center portion of the disk is lower than the temperature of the other portions of the disk. Therefore, the disc part forms a microstructure which is in gradient distribution and gradually transits after being rolled and formed, and the gradient distribution of the radial mechanical property of the high-performance turbine disc is realized.
The invention also provides a rolling forming method of the disc, which comprises the following steps: a fixed disk; heating a peripheral portion of the disc to a predetermined temperature; blowing cooling gas to the middle part of the disc to reach a preset temperature; rolling and forming the peripheral part of the disc; slowly reducing the temperature of the disc to a preset temperature, and then air-cooling the disc to room temperature; and carrying out solution heat treatment on the disc.
In the above method, the temperature difference in the radial direction can be formed by heating the peripheral portion of the disk while blowing the cooling gas to the central portion of the disk so that the temperature of the central portion of the disk is lower than the temperatures of the other portions of the disk. Therefore, the disc part forms a microstructure which is in gradient distribution and gradually transits after being rolled and formed, and the gradient distribution of the radial mechanical property of the high-performance turbine disc is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a disc rolling forming system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top schematic view of the disc roll forming system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an induction heating zone in the rolling of a disc;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the method for rolling and forming the disc member according to the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
A disc 100; a hub 110; a shaft hole 111; the spokes 120; a rim 130; the rotating fixture 200; a housing 210; a compression lever 220; a compression head 221; a spline 222; a hold-down cylinder 230; a piston rod 231; a cooling pipe 240; an exhaust pipe 241; an exhaust port 241 a; an air inlet 242; a rotary joint 243; a main shaft 250; the spline grooves 251; a worm gear 252; a worm 260; a speed reducer 270; a drive shaft 271; a motor 280; an induction heating device 300; an upper induction heating coil 310; a lower induction heating coil 320; a rolling device 400; a rolling head 410; a temperature detection device 500; a first infrared temperature probe 510; a mandrel 600.
Detailed Description
The specific structure of the rolling forming system for a disc 100 of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a roll forming system for a disc 100 according to the present application; fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the rolling forming system for disc 100 of the present application. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the rolling forming system for the disc 100 comprises a rotary fixing device 200 for fixing and driving the disc 100 to rotate; an induction heating device 300 for heating the disc 100; a rolling device 400 having a rolling head 410 to perform a rolling operation on the disc 100; and a temperature detection means 500 for detecting the temperature of the disc 100. The disc 100 to be processed is a cylindrical blank with a certain thickness, the circular area around the circle center of the disc 100 is a hub 110, and the center of the hub 110 is provided with a circular through hole-shaped shaft hole 111. The spindle 600 which is in a cylindrical structure and matched with the shaft hole 111 in size is installed in the shaft hole 111, and when the rotary fixing device 200 is clamped at the position of the hub 110 through a clamping head which is oppositely arranged, the spindle 600 can realize supporting and protecting effects on the hub 110, so that the hub 110 is prevented from being deformed due to overlarge clamping force. The disc 100 is rolled by the rolling head 410 to form a thicker annular rim 130 at the edge area of the disc 100 and a thinner spoke 120 between the hub 110 and the rim 130.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the two symmetrically arranged rotating fixing devices 200 are required to be matched to fix the disc 100. The rotating fixture 200 includes: a housing 210; a pressing rod 220 extends out of the shell 210, the end part of one end, extending out of the shell 210, of the pressing rod 220 is a pressing head 221, the pressing head 221 is in a circular truncated cone shape with a gradually increased radius, and the outer peripheral surface of the part, located in the shell 210, of the pressing rod 220 is provided with a spline 222 in the axial direction; the end of the housing 210 opposite to the pressing head 221 is provided with a pressing cylinder 230, the pressing cylinder 230 has a piston rod 231 extending into the housing 210, the piston rod 231 coincides with the axis of the pressing rod 220, and the end of the piston rod 231 is connected with the other end of the pressing rod 220 (the end opposite to the pressing head 221). The hold-down cylinder 230 is extended or retracted by driving the piston rod 231, thereby pushing the two hold-down heads 221 to move toward each other to clamp the hub 110 or pushing the two hold-down heads to move away from each other to release the hub 110. The axial center positions of the pressing rod 220 and the piston rod 231 are provided with pipes with the same diameter, and the pipes together form a cooling pipe 240. One end of the cooling pipe 240 has an opening at the end of the clamp head 221, and a plurality of exhaust pipes 241 are provided in the clamp head 221, and an exhaust port 241a is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the clamp rod 220 by the exhaust pipes 241; the other end of the cooling pipe 240 is formed with an air inlet 242 at the end of the pressing cylinder 230, and a rotary joint 243 is disposed at the position of the air inlet 242, so that the interface of the rotary joint 243 is kept stationary when the cooling pipe 240 rotates, and is used for connecting with an external cooling air source device.
The housing 210 further has a main shaft 250, the main shaft 250 is cylindrical, and the inner surface of the main shaft 250 is axially provided with a spline groove 251 adapted to the spline 222, so that the main shaft 250 can be sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the pressing rod 220. Two ends of the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft 250 are respectively sleeved with a bearing, and the main shaft 250 is movably connected with the housing 210 through the bearings. A worm wheel 252 is fixedly sleeved at the middle position of the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 250, and a worm 260 is further arranged at the position opposite to the worm wheel 252. The axis of the worm 260 is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 250, the worm 260 is meshed with the worm wheel 252, and the two ends of the worm 260 are movably connected with the housing 210 through bearings. The worm 260 is further provided with a motor 280 and a speed reducer 270 connected to each other at one axial side, the speed reducer 270 extends out of a driving shaft 271, the motor 280 drives the driving shaft 271 of the speed reducer 270 to rotate, and the speed reducer 270 reduces the rotation speed output by the motor 280, that is, the rotation speed of the driving shaft 271 is less than that of the motor 280. The driving shaft 271 is overlapped with the axis of the worm 260, and the driving shaft 271 is connected with the end of the worm 260 through a coupling 272. The motor 280 rotates to drive the worm 260 to rotate, and the worm 260 drives the worm wheel 252 engaged with the worm to rotate, so as to drive the spindle 250 and the compression rod 220 in the spindle 250 to rotate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an induction heating zone in the rolling of the disc 100. As shown in fig. 4, the induction heating apparatus 300 has an upper induction heating coil 310 and a lower induction heating coil 320 which are disposed in parallel and correspond to each other up and down. Wherein the upper induction heating coil 310 surrounds the upper half-moon shaped area of the upper half of the dish 100 and the lower induction heating coil 320 is disposed around the lower half-moon shaped area of the lower half of the dish 100. The upper induction heating coil 310 and the lower induction heating coil 320 have a strip-shaped space therebetween, and the wheel hub 110 is located in the strip-shaped space, so that the pressing head 221 can clamp and fix the wheel hub 110, and the rolling head 410 can roll and form the disc 100. Upper induction heating coil 310 and lower heating coil cover rim 130 and a portion of spoke 120, but do not cover the area of hub 110, and the area covered by rim 130 is larger than the area covered by spoke 120, so that when disc 100 is inductively heated during rotation and reaches thermal equilibrium, the temperature of rim 130 is slightly higher than that of spoke 120.
The temperature detection device 500 comprises a first infrared temperature measurement probe 510 and a second infrared temperature measurement probe 520 which are arranged on one side of the disc 100, wherein the first infrared temperature measurement probe 510 faces the spoke 120 and is used for detecting the temperature of the spoke 120; the second infrared temperature probe 520 faces the hub 110 and is used for detecting the temperature of the hub 110.
The rolling device 400 has two pairs of oppositely arranged rolling heads 410, and the disc 100 is rolled by the two oppositely arranged rolling heads 410. The specific form of the rolling device 400 and the temperature detecting device 500 can refer to the disclosure of chinese patent CN201110399183.5 (induction heating technology for double-sided rolling forming of disc-shaped parts).
When the rolling forming system for the disc 100 is used for rolling and forming the disc 100, firstly, the disc 100 with the mandrel 600 is moved to the position right in the middle of the two rotary fixing devices 200 by a lifting appliance, the two opposite clamping heads of the two rotary fixing devices 200 extend out under the driving of the pressing oil cylinder 230, the hubs 110 of the disc 100 are clamped from two sides to complete positioning, and meanwhile, the cooling pipe 240 is communicated with the inside of the mandrel 600. The motor 280 of the rotating fixture 200 is activated to rotate the disc 100. At the same time, the induction heating device 300 is started to heat the disk 100 while rotating. After the heating is started, the cooling gas is introduced through the rotary joint 243, flows through the chuck head through the cooling pipe 240 in the middle of the rotary fixing device 200, forcibly cools the hub 110 portion of the disc 100, and is discharged through the exhaust port 241 a. After the disc 100 is heated to a predetermined temperature, 4 rolling heads 410 positioned on both sides of the disc 100 perform feeding in the thickness direction of the disc 100, and after the feeding, rolling is started to shape the disc 100 to a predetermined shape and size. In the rolling process, the first infrared temperature probe 510 detects the temperature of the hub 110 part and controls the flow of the cooling gas to keep the hub 110 part in an elastic deformation temperature range with a relatively low temperature so as to keep the original fine grain size of the tissue; while the second infrared temperature probe 520 senses the temperature of the spokes 120 and controls the power to the induction heating unit 300 so that the spokes have a higher temperature relative to the hub. Due to the special distribution of upper induction heating coil 310 and lower induction heating coil 320, rim 130 temperature is inherently slightly higher than the spoke temperature under induction heating. This achieves a gradient temperature distribution of the disk 100 in the radial direction, thereby causing the disk 100 to form a microstructure with a gradual transition from fine to coarse grains from the hub 110-spokes 120-rim 130, thereby achieving the radial mechanical property gradient distribution required for high performance worm gear 252 disks. Another benefit of cooling hub 110 is that since hub 110 does not need to be deformed, the material of disc 100 in hub 110 at the elastic deformation temperature range prevents additional deformation of hub 110 due to deformation of adjacent areas during rolling of disc 100. In addition, in order to actively rotate the disk 100, the clamping head must apply a load to the disk 100 to create sufficient friction that the hub 110 remains at the elastic deformation temperature range so as not to plastically deform the hub 110 under the clamping force.
In addition, based on the rolling forming system for the disc 100, the application also provides a rolling forming method for the disc 100. The following description will take a high temperature alloy GH4169 disk as an example. The blank of the disc 100 is a fine-grained disc blank specially prepared for roll forming, with an average grain size of about 5-20 μm. The target disc 100 has a diameter of 600mm, the hub 110 portion has a diameter of 150mm, and the spokes 120 have a thickness of 30 mm. The method aims to manufacture a high-temperature alloy GH4169 disc-shaped part with a radial step transition structure by double-sided rolling forming, wherein a hub 110 forms a coarse-grain structure with the grain size of 8-12 grades, a rim forms a coarse-grain structure with the grain size of 5-6 grades, and a transition region with mixed coarse grains and fine grains is formed between the hub 110 and the rim.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method for roll forming the disc 100 of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the rolling forming of the disc 100 comprises the following specific steps:
the disc 100 blank is clamped at the hub 110 position by the two clamping heads 221 so that the upper half-moon region of the disc 100 is within the upper induction coil, the lower half-moon region of the disc 100 is within the lower induction heating coil 320, and the disc 100 is between the two rolling heads 410. The motor 280 is activated to rotate the compaction head 221 and thereby initiate rotation of the disc member 100. The induction heating device 300 is turned on to heat the peripheral portions (rim 130 and spokes 120) of the disc 100 so that the temperature of the rim 130 and spokes 120 is maintained at 1020-1100 ℃. Since the hub 110 area of disc 100 is not within upper induction heating coil 310 and lower induction heating coil 320, the hub 110 area is cooler. Cooling gas is blown into the hub 110 to forcibly cool the hub 110, so that the temperature of the hub 110 is maintained at 950-1000 ℃.
The rolling device 400 is turned on, and the rolling head 410 rotates to start rolling the disc 100. The peripheral portions (rim 130 and spokes 120) of the disc 100 are roll deformed at a strain rate of 10-3s-1 to 10-4 s-1. In the rolling process, as the rolling head 410 moves from inside to outside in the radial direction, the rolling deformation is gradually increased from 25% of the inner side of the spoke 120, and when the rolling head 410 moves to the middle of the spoke 120, the rolling deformation is increased to 65%. As the rolling head continues to move from inside to outside, then the rolling deformation is gradually reduced, and the rolling deformation is reduced to 25% when the rolling head reaches the rim 130.
After the rolling was completed, the disc 100 was slowly cooled to 450 ℃ and then air-cooled to room temperature.
Standard solution heat treatment of the rolled disc 100: that is, the dish 100 is heated to 965 ℃ and then incubated for 1h, followed by air cooling to room temperature. By heating the disc 100 to a high temperature and maintaining the single phase zone at a constant temperature, the intermediate phase is sufficiently dissolved in the solid solution and then rapidly cooled to obtain a saturated solid solution.
According to analysis of relevant data in volume 2 of Chinese aviation material handbook, the rolling forming method of the disc 100 is adopted to roll and form the disc 100, so that the disc 100 can be subjected to subarea temperature control and rolling deformation distribution, 9-10 grades of fine crystal tissues can be expected to be obtained at the middle part of the disc 100, and 5-6 grades of coarse crystal tissues can be expected to be obtained at the peripheral part of the disc 100.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (11)
1. A system for roll forming a disc to form a hub at a center, a rim at an edge, and a spoke between the hub and the rim, comprising:
the rotary fixing device is provided with two opposite pressing heads and is used for clamping and fixing the center of the disc piece and driving the disc piece to rotate;
an induction heating device having an induction heating coil disposed around the disc for induction heating the disc;
the rolling device is provided with rolling heads which are oppositely arranged on two sides of the disc piece and used for rolling and forming the disc piece;
and one end of the cooling pipe is arranged at the central position of the disk and used for blowing cooling gas to the disk.
2. The disc roll forming system of claim 1 wherein the rotational fixture comprises: a housing; the cylindrical main shaft is movably connected with the shell through a bearing sleeved on the peripheral surface; the pressing head is arranged at one end of the cylindrical pressing rod, the pressing oil cylinder for driving the pressing rod to move along the axial direction is arranged at the other end of the cylindrical pressing rod, and the cylindrical pressing rod is movably connected with the main shaft through a spline arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical pressing rod; and a motor for driving the spindle to rotate.
3. The disc rolling forming system according to claim 2, wherein the hold-down cylinder has a piston rod that is extended or retracted by hydraulic drive; the axis of the piston rod is superposed with the compression rod, and the end part of the piston rod is connected with the other end of the compression rod; the cooling pipe is arranged at the axial center position of the piston rod and the compressing rod along the radial direction; one end of the cooling pipe forms an opening at the end part of the pressing head, and the other end of the cooling pipe forms an air inlet on the pressing oil cylinder.
4. The disc rolling forming system according to claim 3, wherein a rotary joint is arranged on the air inlet.
5. The system for roll forming a disc part according to claim 3, wherein an exhaust pipe communicating the cooling pipe with the outer peripheral surface of the pressing head is arranged in the pressing head.
6. The disc rolling forming system according to claim 2, wherein a worm gear is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft; the worm is meshed with the worm wheel; the motor drives the worm to rotate through the speed reducer.
7. The system for roll forming a disc member according to claim 1, wherein the induction heating coils are oppositely arranged, and form a semicircle around the disc member; the pressing head and the rolling head are arranged between the two induction heating coils.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the induction heating coils are positioned opposite one another, the induction heating coils being positioned on opposite sides of the disk and radially intermediate the spokes.
9. The system for roll forming a disc member according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature detecting device having an infrared temperature probe for detecting the temperature of the disc member.
10. The disc rolling forming method of the disc rolling forming system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: fixing the center of the disc piece through two compression heads; and driving the disc to rotate; heating the spoke and the rim part of the disc part by an induction coil; blowing cooling gas to the hub of the disc; rolling and forming the disc piece through a rolling head; reducing the power of the induction coil to slowly reduce the temperature of the disc piece to a preset temperature and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature in air; and carrying out solution heat treatment on the disc.
11. A method of roll forming a disc, comprising: a fixed disk; heating a peripheral portion of the disc to a predetermined temperature; blowing cooling gas to the middle part of the disc to reach a preset temperature; rolling and forming the peripheral part of the disc; slowly reducing the temperature of the disc to a preset temperature, and then air-cooling the disc to room temperature; and carrying out solution heat treatment on the disc.
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| CN202011111995.0A CN112275977A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | Disc rolling forming system and method |
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| CN114558973A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-31 | 淄博国创中心先进车用材料技术创新中心 | Differential temperature magnesium alloy wheel hub forming die |
| CN115125382A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-09-30 | 国营川西机器厂 | Heat treatment device and heat treatment method for powder high-temperature alloy dual-performance turbine disc |
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| CN115125382B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-01-23 | 国营川西机器厂 | Heat treatment device and heat treatment method for powder superalloy dual-performance turbine disk |
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