CN112271459A - Conformal low-scattering super surface with real-time adjustable frequency - Google Patents
Conformal low-scattering super surface with real-time adjustable frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN112271459A CN112271459A CN202011200012.0A CN202011200012A CN112271459A CN 112271459 A CN112271459 A CN 112271459A CN 202011200012 A CN202011200012 A CN 202011200012A CN 112271459 A CN112271459 A CN 112271459A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
Abstract
The invention provides a conformal low-scattering super surface with real-time adjustable frequency, which is of a curved surface structure and is arranged on the periphery of a metal cylinder, and comprises: the flexible dielectric layer and the plurality of metal patch units are wrapped on the outer wall of the metal cylinder; the metal patch units are arranged on the outer wall of the flexible medium layer in an array mode, the metal patch units in each row are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the flexible medium layer in the array mode, and adjacent metal patch units in the same row are connected through microstrip lines; the metal patch units in each row are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the flexible dielectric layer, and adjacent metal patch units in the same row are connected through PIN diodes; the dynamic regulation and control of the working frequency band of the low-scattering super-surface can be realized by controlling the on-off of the PIN diodes in the same column, and the dynamic regulation and control of the working frequency band of the low-scattering super-surface can be realized in a wider frequency spectrum range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial electromagnetic metamaterials, in particular to a conformal low-scattering super surface with real-time adjustable frequency.
Background
With the rapid development of modern Radar measurement technology, how to reduce Radar-Cross Section (RCS) to achieve low detectability has become a key technical challenge facing many applications in the microwave band.
At present, there are two main methods for reducing RCS. One is to absorb energy by using a wave-absorbing material, the other is to effectively regulate and control electromagnetic scattering by using a metamaterial or a super surface, and the super surface is widely applied to the realization of low-scattering devices due to the outstanding advantages of being ultrathin, easy to conform, low in loss, easy to prepare and the like. However, most conventional low-scattering super-surfaces work in a passive state, and once the design is completed, the working characteristics of the super-surfaces cannot be dynamically regulated, so that the super-surfaces face the challenge that the bandwidth reduction of the RCS has a limit, and the broadband regulation of the RCS is difficult to realize under the condition of ensuring that the super-surface thickness is ultra-thin. In recent years, many adjustable super-surface design works emerge, and the performance of the device can be flexibly and dynamically regulated by loading an active device, so that the time-sharing multiplexing of frequency is realized, and the aim of further widening the working bandwidth is fulfilled. However, the current super-surface design mostly focuses on the design of a planar structure, and the curved structure is considered less. In practical application, most targets are curved surface structures, so that the design work of the frequency-adjustable conformal low-scattering super surface is very deficient, and the demand is particularly urgent.
Therefore, in order to meet the practical application requirements, a novel frequency real-time adjustable conformal low-scattering super-surface design method needs to be explored urgently, on the premise that the section of the stealth device is low enough, the active device (such as a PIN diode) is loaded, the on-off arrangement sequence of the active device is controlled, and the backward RCS reduction of the target can be achieved by more than 10dB in a wider continuous and adjustable frequency band range.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the conformal low-scattering super surface with the real-time adjustable frequency, and the problem that the working frequency band of the passive low-scattering super surface is limited can be solved.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a frequency real-time adjustable conformal low scattering super surface, super surface is curved surface structure, sets up the periphery at metal cylinder, includes: the flexible dielectric layer and the plurality of metal patch units are wrapped on the outer wall of the metal cylinder;
the metal patch units are arranged on the outer wall of the flexible medium layer in an array mode, the metal patch units in each row are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the flexible medium layer in the array mode, and adjacent metal patch units in the same row are connected through microstrip lines; the metal patch units in each row are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the flexible dielectric layer, and adjacent metal patch units in the same row are connected through PIN diodes; and dynamically regulating and controlling the working frequency band of the low-scattering super surface by controlling the on-off of the PIN diodes in the same column.
In the invention, the PIN diodes arranged along the axial direction can be controlled by the external on-off arrangement sequence, so that the target backward RCS reduction of more than 10dB can be realized in a wider continuous and adjustable frequency band range.
Optionally, the dielectric constant range of the flexible dielectric layer is 2-5, the relative magnetic permeability range is 1-5, the electric tangent loss tan sigma is less than 0.1, and the thickness is less than 0.015 lambdaL，λLThe wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency of the conformal low-scattering super-surface structure.
Optionally, the flexible dielectric layer is made of polyvinyl chloride.
Optionally, the metal patch unit is made of copper.
Optionally, two notches in the shape of two layers of steps are formed on two sides of the top of the metal patch unit respectively.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a conformal low-scattering super surface with real-time adjustable frequency, which can realize the stealth of an electrically large or electrically small metal target, can dynamically regulate and control the working frequency band of the low-scattering super surface in a wider frequency spectrum range by adjusting the on-off arrangement sequence of a PIN diode along the axis direction of a cylinder, and has the advantages of being ultrathin, easy to conform, simple in structure, low in preparation cost, dynamically adjustable in working frequency band and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time adjustable frequency in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a set of metal structures of a conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time tunable frequencies in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, fig. 2a is a metal structure diagram of a non-loaded PIN diode, and fig. 2b is a structure diagram of a loaded PIN diode and interconnected with other groups of metal structures;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a metal patch unit and a connection microstrip line of the conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time adjustable frequency in the embodiment, fig. 3a is a schematic structural view when a PIN diode is not loaded, and fig. 3b is a schematic structural view when the PIN diode is loaded and is connected with other groups of metal structures;
FIG. 4 is a sequence of six typical PIN diode on-off arrangements; wherein, '0' indicates that the PIN tube is in an off state, and '1' indicates that the PIN tube is in an on state;
fig. 5 is a graph comparing the backward RCS curve of a metal cylinder loaded with a conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time adjustable frequency in an embodiment given six typical PIN diode on-off arrangement sequences with the backward RCS curve of a bare metal cylinder of the same size.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a conformal low-scattering super-surface with a real-time adjustable frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention, the conformal low-scattering super-surface structure with a real-time adjustable frequency according to the present embodiment is disposed on a periphery of a metal cylinder 1, and the conformal low-scattering super-surface structure with a real-time adjustable frequency includes, from inside to outside, a flexible dielectric layer 2 and a reconfigurable conformal super-surface structure layer 3 that are sequentially connected, the reconfigurable conformal super-surface layer 3 is composed of a plurality of groups of metal structures 31 that are disposed in parallel along an axis of the flexible dielectric layer 3, wherein each group of metal structures 31 is formed by connecting a plurality of metal patch units 311 through a plurality of microstrip. The metal patch unit 311 includes, from top to bottom, a second rectangular patch 3112, a first rectangular patch 3111 and a third rectangular patch 3113, which are connected in sequence. A first connector 3115a made of metal is provided on the second rectangular patch 3112, and a second connector 3115b made of metal is provided on the third rectangular patch 3113.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present example includes a metal cylinder 1 with a height of 432mm and a diameter of 165mm, a flexible dielectric layer 2 (made of polyvinyl chloride, having a dielectric constant of 2.55 and an electric tangent loss tan σ of 0.015) with a thickness of 2.13mm, and a reconfigurable conformal super-surface structure layer 3 etched on the outer surface of the flexible dielectric layer 2. The height of the flexible medium layer is the same as that of the metal cylinder 1, and the flexible medium layer naturally extends and tightly wraps the outer side of the metal cylinder 1.
The reconfigurable conformal super-surface structure layer 3 in the embodiment is formed by 10 groups of metal structures 31 with completely same structures and carrying out array period prolongation along the axis direction of a cylinder, each metal structure 31 is formed by 10 conformal low-scattering super-surface structure units with completely same structures, wherein the conformal low-scattering super-surface structure units are arranged and connected at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the flexible medium layer 2 at regular intervals, the frequency of each conformal low-scattering super-surface structure unit is adjustable in real time and consists of a metal patch unit 311 and a microstrip line 312, and the length of each conformal low-scattering super-surface structure unit with adjustable frequency in real time is 53.3mm along the circumferential direction of the flexible medium layer 2; the adjacent metal patch units 311 in each set of metal structures 31 are connected by microstrip lines 312 (the number of the metal patch units is 3). The length of the microstrip line 312 in this example is 4.6mm, the width of each microstrip line 312 is 0.8mm, and the center interval between two adjacent microstrip lines in the microstrip line 312 is 1.2 mm. The metal patch unit 311 in this example is a shaped structure, has an axisymmetric distribution in the center, and is made of copper, and the metal patch unit 311 is composed of, from top to bottom, a second rectangular patch 3112 (having a size of 44.8mm × 5.9mm), a first rectangular patch 3111 (having a size of 37.8mm × 2.8mm), and a third rectangular patch 3113 (having a size of 48.7mm × 25.2mm) which are linked in this order, and a first connector 3115a (having a material of copper and a size of 0.8mm × 0.54mm) provided on the second rectangular patch 3112 and a second connector 3115b (having a material of copper and a size of 0.8mm × 0.54mm) provided on the third rectangular patch 3113. The metal units 311 in each group of metal structures are connected by loading the first PIN diodes 4 between the adjacent joints, the on-off states of the PIN diodes 4 can be regulated and controlled randomly, the on-off states of the PIN diodes 4 in the same group of metal structures can be different, and the on-off state arrangement sequences of each group of PIN diodes 4 arranged along the circumferential direction are the same.
The TM polarized incident wave (with the electric vector parallel to the cylinder axis) is incident on the target object in a direction orthogonal to the cylinder axis, and fig. 4 is a sequence of six typical PIN diode on-off arrangements selected. Wherein, '0' indicates that the PIN tube is in an off state, and '1' indicates that the PIN tube is in an on state. Fig. 5 shows a backward RCS simulation curve of a metal cylinder loaded with a frequency real-time adjustable conformal low-scattering super surface under the condition that six typical PIN diode on-off arrangement sequences are given to the metal cylinder, and a backward RCS simulation curve of a bare metal cylinder with the same size, and it can be seen that by adjusting the on-off arrangement sequence of the PIN diode along the axis direction of the cylinder, the frequency real-time adjustable conformal low-scattering super surface structure described in this embodiment can realize 10dB reduction of the bare metal cylinder back to the RCS, and the working frequency band can realize real-time continuous dynamic switching within a relative bandwidth as wide as 32% (2.15-2.88).
The conformal low-scattering super-surface with the real-time adjustable frequency adopting the scheme at least has the following technical effects:
the conformal low-scattering super-surface with the real-time adjustable frequency can reduce the backscattering of the target in a wider dynamic adjustable bandwidth. When TM polarized waves (electric vectors are parallel to the axis of the cylinder) are incident along the direction orthogonal to the axis of the cylinder, through adjusting the on-off arrangement sequence of the PIN diode along the axis direction of the cylinder, the 10-dB reduction of the scattering Cross Section area (RCS) RCS of the bare metal column back Radar can be realized within a dynamic and continuously adjustable relative bandwidth which is larger than 32%, and the backscattering reduction effect is good no matter whether the target is a metal object with an electric large size or an electric small size. The thickness of the frequency real-time adjustable conformal low-scattering super-surface structure is very thin and can be smaller than 0.015 lambda L (lambda L is a free space wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency of the frequency real-time adjustable conformal low-scattering super-surface structure). The method for realizing the real-time adjustable frequency backscattering reduction has the advantages that the metal patch unit structure is reasonably designed, the three parallel microstrip lines are adopted for connection, and the on-off arrangement sequence of the PIN diode along the axis direction of the cylinder is regulated and controlled, so that the working frequency band of the real-time adjustable frequency conformal low-scattering super-surface structure can be continuously and dynamically regulated and controlled in a wider range. The conformal low-scattering super-surface structure with the real-time adjustable frequency has the advantages of being ultrathin, easy to conform, simple in structure, low in preparation cost, dynamically adjustable in working frequency band and the like.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a conformal low scattering super surface of real-time adjustable of frequency, its characterized in that, super surface is the curved surface structure, sets up in metal cylinder's periphery, includes: the flexible dielectric layer and the plurality of metal patch units are wrapped on the outer wall of the metal cylinder;
the metal patch units are arranged on the outer wall of the flexible medium layer in an array mode, the metal patch units in each row are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the flexible medium layer in the array mode, and adjacent metal patch units in the same row are connected through microstrip lines; the metal patch units in each row are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the flexible dielectric layer, and adjacent metal patch units in the same row are connected through PIN diodes; and dynamically regulating and controlling the working frequency band of the low-scattering super surface by controlling the on-off of the PIN diodes in the same column.
2. The conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time adjustable frequency of claim 1, wherein the dielectric constant of the flexible dielectric layer ranges from 2 to 5, the relative permeability ranges from 1 to 5, the electric tangent loss tan σ ranges from less than 0.1, and the thickness of the flexible dielectric layer is thickDegree less than 0.015 lambdaL，λLThe wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency of the conformal low-scattering super-surface structure.
3. The conformal low-scattering super-surface of claim 2, wherein the flexible dielectric layer is made of polyvinyl chloride.
4. The conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time adjustable frequency according to claim 1, wherein the metal patch element is made of copper.
5. The conformal low-scattering super-surface with real-time adjustable frequency according to claim 1, wherein two notches in the shape of two layers of steps are formed on two sides of the top of the metal patch unit.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114498046A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-13 | 南京理工大学 | Dual-band scattering characteristic intelligent camouflage system based on flexible electric tuning super surface |
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- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011200012.0A patent/CN112271459B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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