CN114883817A - Low RCS patch antenna array based on polarization insensitive hybrid super surface - Google Patents
Low RCS patch antenna array based on polarization insensitive hybrid super surface Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface, which comprises a first dielectric layer, a metal back plate layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer which are stacked from bottom to top; the lower surface of the first dielectric layer is provided with a power division feed network; the metal back plate layer is seamlessly printed between the first medium layer and the second medium layer, and a plurality of rectangular metal patches are printed on the upper surface of the second medium layer; an air cavity is arranged between the second medium layer and the third medium layer; the upper surface of the third medium layer is printed with a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface distributed in a chessboard manner; the polarization-insensitive hybrid super-surface comprises a metamaterial wave absorber formed by an air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and a metal back plate layer and an AMC formed by the air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and the metal back plate layer, wherein the metamaterial wave absorber and the AMC have an effective phase difference of 180 +/-37 degrees, the passive phase cancellation condition is met, and the effect of reducing RCS is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antenna design, in particular to a low-RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic technology, modern war gradually changes into high-tech electronic war and information technology war. The development of high-sensitivity radar detection technology enables the survival and the defense-surmounting capacity of own military equipment to be threatened by beyond-the-horizon defense attack. The array antenna is a main contributor of a radar scattering cross section of a weapon platform, and is vital to realizing stealth design while ensuring radiation performance of the array antenna. Based on this, reducing the radar cross-section of the antenna while not affecting the radiation performance of the antenna is critical to improving survivability of the weapons platform.
The antenna is a special scatterer containing radiation, and due to the characteristic of high gain, the antenna greatly contributes to the total radar scattering cross section of the system, and the RCS reduction capability of the antenna is related to whether a target on the own side can avoid the detection and tracking of an enemy radar, so that the antenna plays a significant role in the stealth performance of the system.
With the advent of electromagnetic metamaterials and super surfaces and the development of a radome frequency selection technology, the realization of reducing or even controlling the radar scattering cross section of an antenna by applying the super surface becomes a hot point of research of scientific researchers. However, in the current research, most of the super-surfaces of a single kind are used to implement the stealth function of the antenna, the bandwidth and degree of RCS reduction are very limited, and generally, the antenna stealth under a single polarization can only be implemented. Therefore, the hybrid super-surface is applied to the stealth design of the antenna, and the method has important research significance and strategic significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in view of the problems in the background art, the invention provides a low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface, aiming at reducing the RCS of an antenna as much as possible and ensuring that the antenna is insensitive to a polarization mode on the premise of ensuring normal radiation of the antenna.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a low-RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface comprises a first dielectric layer, a metal back plate layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer which are stacked from bottom to top; the lower surface of the first dielectric layer is provided with a power division feed network; the metal back plate layer is seamlessly printed between the first medium layer and the second medium layer, and a plurality of rectangular metal patches are printed on the upper surface of the second medium layer; an air cavity is arranged between the second medium layer and the third medium layer; and the upper surface of the third medium layer is printed with a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface distributed in a chessboard manner.
Further, the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface is distributed within a 2 x 2 checkerboard comprising a first super-surface RM a and a second super-surface RM B; the first super-surface RM A and the second super-surface RM B are arranged along the chessboard at intervals, and the super-surfaces are arranged in the same layout along the diagonal direction.
Furthermore, the RM A, the air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and the metal back plate layer jointly form a metamaterial wave absorber, so that the wave absorbing principle is met, and a part of electromagnetic energy is converted into heat energy to be consumed; the RM B, the air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and the metal back plate layer jointly form AMC; the metamaterial wave absorber and the AMC have an effective phase difference of 180 +/-37 degrees, the passive phase cancellation condition is met, and RCS is reduced.
Further, the first super-surface RM a includes two first metal patch unit arrays of 6 × 6 specifications diagonally arranged; the surface of the first metal patch unit adopts a symmetrical Yelu cooling structure, and comprises two cross metal patches which take an axis as a symmetrical center and have the size of 6.0mm multiplied by 0.3mm, four end parts of the cross metal patches are respectively and vertically provided with four edge metal patches, and the size of 5.0mm multiplied by 0.3 mm; the periodic size of the first metal patch unit is 7.5mm multiplied by 7.5 mm; four sides of the cross-shaped metal patch are respectively embedded with 4 lumped resistors, and the single resistance value is 70 omega.
Further, the second super-surface RM B includes two second metal patch unit arrays of 6 × 6 standard diagonally disposed; each second metal patch unit is a square metal ring, the unit period size is 7.5mm multiplied by 7.5mm, the side length of each square metal ring is 7.0mm, and the width is 0.1 mm; 4 lumped resistors are symmetrically loaded along the center of each side of the square metal ring, and the single resistance value is 100 omega.
Further, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are both Rogers 5880 dielectric substrates with the size of 90mm multiplied by 0.254mm, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent angle is 0.0009; the third dielectric layer adopts an FR-4 dielectric substrate with the size of 90mm multiplied by 0.8mm, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the loss tangent angle is 0.02; the air cavity is positioned between the second medium layer and the third medium layer, and the height of the air cavity is 4 mm; the height of the metal back plate layer is 0.035 mm.
Furthermore, a rectangular metal patch with the specification of 4 x 4 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer; the rectangular metal patch is powered by a power division feed network on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer in a coaxial feed mode.
Further, the individual rectangular metal patches were 9.7mm by 7.5mm in size with a patch spacing of 19.6 mm.
Further, the power division feed network adopts a one-to-sixteen power division feed mode, and the specific combination method is as follows:
every two rectangular metal patches are fed through a first-stage one-to-two power divider, an upper power divider and a lower power divider are also cascaded through a second-stage one-to-two power divider, and finally the power dividers are cascaded in sequence to achieve constant-amplitude in-phase feeding of the antenna array.
Furthermore, metal feed through holes with the diameter of 1mm are arranged in the positions, corresponding to the rectangular metal patches, on the first dielectric layer, the metal back plate layer and the second dielectric layer, each rectangular metal patch is connected with the power division feed network through the metal feed through hole, and power supply is achieved through the power division feed network.
Has the advantages that:
according to the low-RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface, when the antenna array is in a radiation state, because the first super-surface RM A and the second super-surface RM B project radiation waves in an antenna band, the hybrid super-surface is equivalent to a band-pass frequency selection layer for the antenna array, and the normal radiation performance of the antenna is not affected. When the antenna is in a scattering state, the metamaterial wave absorber and the AMC with effective reflection phase difference are placed on a 2 x 2 chessboard, and the dual-polarization RCS of the array antenna is reduced by applying the principles of wave absorption and passive phase cancellation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall three-dimensional structural diagram of a low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface and three-dimensional structural diagrams of the metamaterial absorber and AMC of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface structure on the upper surface of a third dielectric layer of the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular metal patch structure printed on the upper surface of a second dielectric layer of the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power division feed network on the lower surface of a first dielectric layer of the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface-based low RCS patch antenna array of the present invention;
fig. 5a is a plot of the S-parameters of a first super-surface RM a of a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array;
fig. 5B is a plot of the S-parameters of a second super-surface RM B of a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array;
FIG. 6a is a wave absorption rate curve of a metamaterial wave absorber of a low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface
FIG. 6b is a graph comparing reflection amplitudes of a metamaterial absorber and an AMC in a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface based low RCS patch antenna array;
FIG. 6c is a graph of the reflected phase and phase difference of the metamaterial absorber and AMC in the polarization insensitive hybrid super surface based low RCS patch antenna array;
fig. 7 is a graph comparing the radiation performance of a low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface; FIG. 7a is an "S" _ "11" contrast curve before and after loading a hybrid hypersurface; FIG. 7b is a two-dimensional gain contrast plot for the resonance point 12.3 GHz; FIG. 7c is a three-dimensional gain plot of the reference antenna at the resonance point 12.3 GHz; FIG. 7d is a three-dimensional gain plot at the resonance point of 12.3GHz for the antenna loaded with the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface.
Fig. 8a is a schematic representation of RCS at co-polarized normal incidence for a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface based low RCS patch antenna array;
fig. 8b is a schematic diagram of RCS at cross-polarized normal incidence for a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array;
fig. 9 is a three-dimensional scattering plot at the resonant frequency of a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array; wherein fig. 9a is a reference antenna under co-polarization, fig. 9b is a designed antenna of the present invention under co-polarization, fig. 9c is a reference antenna under cross-polarization, and fig. 9d is a designed antenna of the present invention under cross-polarization;
fig. 10a is a co-polarized dual station RCS contrast curve at resonant frequency for a low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface;
fig. 10b is a cross-polarized dual-station RCS contrast curve at the resonant frequency of a low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface; .
Description of reference numerals:
1-a first dielectric layer; 2-a metal backing layer; 3-a second dielectric layer; 4-an air cavity; 5-a third dielectric layer; 6-power division feed network; 7-rectangular metal patch; 8-a first metal patch unit; 9-a second metal patch unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The low RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super surface provided by this embodiment includes a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface composed of an upper layer and a transmission super surface that is polarization insensitive through a checkerboard layout, and a 4 × 4 microstrip array antenna with a metal back plate on a lower layer. The specific structure is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a first dielectric layer 1, a metal back plate layer 2, a second dielectric layer 3 and a third dielectric layer 5 which are stacked from bottom to top. An air cavity 4 is provided between the second medium layer 3 and the third medium layer 5, with a height of 4 mm.
In this embodiment, the first dielectric layer 1 and the second dielectric layer 3 both adopt Rogers 5880 dielectric substrates with the dimensions of 90mm × 90mm × 0.254mm, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent angle is 0.0009; the third dielectric layer 5 adopts an FR-4 dielectric substrate with the size of 90mm multiplied by 0.8mm, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the loss tangent angle is 0.02; the height of the metal back plate layer 2 is 0.035 mm.
The lower surface of the first dielectric layer 1 is provided with a power distribution feed network 6; the metal back plate layer 2 is seamlessly printed between the first dielectric layer 1 and the second dielectric layer 3, and a plurality of rectangular metal patches 7 are printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer 3, as shown in fig. 3-4.
A rectangular metal patch 7 with the specification of 4 x 4 is printed on the upper surface of the second dielectric layer; the individual rectangular metal patches were 9.7mm by 7.5mm in size with a patch spacing of 19.6 mm. The rectangular metal patch 7 is powered by the power division feed network 6 on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer in a coaxial feed mode.
The power division feed network 6 adopts a power division feed mode of one to sixteen, and the specific combination method is as follows: every two rectangular metal patches are fed through a first-stage one-to-two power divider, an upper power divider and a lower power divider are also cascaded through a second-stage one-to-two power divider, and finally the power dividers are cascaded in sequence to achieve constant-amplitude in-phase feeding of the antenna array.
During actual work, metal feed through holes with the diameter of 1mm are arranged in the positions, corresponding to the rectangular metal patches, on the first dielectric layer, the metal back plate layer and the second dielectric layer, each rectangular metal patch is connected with the power division feed network through the metal feed through hole, and power supply is achieved through the power division feed network.
And the upper surface of the third medium layer is printed with a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface distributed in a chessboard manner.
The specific polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface structures are shown in fig. 1-2 and distributed in 2 x 2 checkerboard, and comprise a first super-surface RM a and a second super-surface RM B; the first super-surface RM A and the second super-surface RM B are arranged along the chessboard at intervals, and the super-surfaces are arranged in the same layout along the diagonal direction.
The first super surface RM A comprises two first metal patch unit arrays with 6 x 6 specifications which are arranged diagonally; the surface of the first metal patch unit adopts a symmetrical Yelu cooling structure, and comprises two cross metal patches which take an axis as a symmetrical center and have the size of 6.0mm multiplied by 0.3mm, four end parts of the cross metal patches are respectively and vertically provided with four edge metal patches, and the size of 5.0mm multiplied by 0.3 mm; the periodic size of the first metal patch unit is 7.5mm multiplied by 7.5 mm; four sides of the cross-shaped metal patch are respectively embedded with 4 lumped resistors, and the single resistance value is 70 omega.
The second super surface RM B comprises two second metal patch unit arrays with the specification of 6 x 6 which are arranged diagonally; each second metal patch unit is a square metal ring, the unit period size is 7.5mm multiplied by 7.5mm, the side length of each square metal ring is 7.0mm, and the width is 0.1 mm; 4 lumped resistors are symmetrically loaded along the center of each side of the square metal ring, and the single resistance value is 100 omega.
The RM A, the air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and the metal back plate layer jointly form a metamaterial wave absorber, so that the wave absorbing principle is met, and a part of electromagnetic energy is converted into heat energy to be consumed; the RM B, the air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and the metal back plate layer jointly form AMC; the metamaterial wave absorber and the AMC have an effective phase difference of 180 +/-37 degrees, the passive phase cancellation condition is met, and RCS is reduced.
The performance of the antenna array provided by the present invention is verified by performing simulation calculation on the hybrid super-surface unit provided in this embodiment through commercial software HFSS.
As shown in FIGS. 5a-5b, the designed super-surface units are all symmetrical structures, so that the super-surface units have polarization insensitivity. FIG. 5a is a graph of the S parameter of a first super-surface RM A having a transmission coefficient S in the range of 10.5-14.0 GHz 21 Greater than-3 dB, capable of transmitting the radiated wave of the antenna; reflection coefficient S in the operating frequency band of an antenna 11 Close to-10 dB. FIG. 5B is a graph of the S-parameter curve of the second super-surface RM B, the transmission coefficient S within 10.3-20.0 GHz 21 A transmission coefficient S greater than-3 dB and in the range of 11.7-20.0 GHz 21 Greater than-2 dB. Within the working bandwidth of the antenna, the transmission phases of the two super-surface units are close,keeping the same phase can well ensure that the radiation characteristic of the antenna is not changed.
Fig. 6a-6c are simulation characteristic curves of a metamaterial wave absorber and an AMC unit, which are composed of a first super-surface RM a and a second super-surface RM B, and it can be seen from fig. 6a that the wave absorbing rate of the wave absorber in the frequency range of 4.6-10.9 GHz is higher than 90%, which meets the requirement of antenna stealth in engineering. As can be seen from FIG. 6b, the wave absorber unit has a reflection coefficient amplitude of less than 0.5 in 4.0-11.6 GHz and a reflection amplitude of 0.4-0.8 in 11.2-13.4 GHz due to the wave absorbing effect of the wave absorber unit in the low frequency band; the AMC formed by RM B is loaded with lumped resistance, certain wave-absorbing loss exists, and the reflection amplitude of the AMC in 4.5-17.2 GHz is almost unchanged and is in the range of 0.65-0.8. As can be seen from FIG. 6c, the reflection phase difference of the two super-surface units within 9.9-15.5 GHz is 180 +/-37 degrees, the condition of passive phase cancellation is met, and the chessboard arrangement of the super-surface units can be used for reducing backward RCS of the array antenna.
Fig. 7a-7d are graphs comparing the radiation performance of an array of low RCS patch antennas based on polarization insensitive hybrid super-surfaces. Specifically, FIG. 7a shows S 11 Compared with the reference antenna, the resonance frequency point of the designed antenna is consistent with the reference antenna and still resonates at 12.3 GHz; meanwhile, in the frequency band of 12.2 GHz-12.4 GHz, the S of the two array antennas 11 Are all less than-10 dB, and the impedance bandwidths are basically consistent; the reflection coefficient of the designed stealth antenna at the resonance point of 12.3GHz reaches-14.9 dB, and the requirement of engineering application is met. FIG. 7b is a graph showing a two-dimensional pattern contrast curve of a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array and a reference antenna at a resonant frequency point of 12.3GHz, wherein the pattern of the designed antenna at the resonant frequency is substantially consistent with that of the reference antenna, the maximum gain of the main lobe reaches 16.0dB, the maximum gain is reduced by 4.2dB compared with 20.2dB of the reference antenna, and the radiation mode is substantially unchanged; this is due to the fact that at the resonant frequency, the transmission coefficients of RM a and RM B are both around-3 dB, some of the radiated energy is reflected and thus absorbed and cancelled to other angular domains, and the transmission characteristics of RM a and RM B provide conditions for normal radiation of the antenna. FIG. 7c and FIG. 7d show polarization based measurements at 12.3GHz respectivelyThe three-dimensional gain directional diagram of the low RCS patch antenna array and the reference antenna of the insensitive hybrid super-surface has the advantages that the main lobe gain of the designed antenna is basically not changed, and the normal radiation of the antenna can still be ensured by loading the hybrid super-surface.
Fig. 8a-8b are single station RCS contrast curves for a polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface based low RCS patch antenna array and a reference antenna at normal incidence of differently polarized electromagnetic waves. The data in the figure are all obtained by simulation when the antenna is connected with a matched load state. The broadband single-station RCS of the designed antenna under the co-polarization and the cross-polarization of the antenna is reduced, because the first super-surface and the second super-surface loaded by the antenna are polarization insensitive structures. For the vertically incident co-polarized wave, as shown in fig. 8a, the RCS of the designed antenna is reduced compared with the RCS of the reference antenna in the frequency band of 4.0-20.0 GHz, the RCS is reduced by more than 10dB in the frequency band of 10.2-15.0GHz compared with the single station RCS of the reference antenna, and the relative bandwidth reaches 38.1%; the single station RCS reduction at the resonant frequency of 12.3GHz is 11.2dB, while the single station RCS reduction for the designed array antenna at 11.6 and 12.6GHz reaches maxima of 25.2 and 25.8dB, respectively. For the cross polarization wave with vertical incidence, as shown in fig. 8b, compared with the reference antenna, the low RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface has the advantages that except that the single station RCS at 8.2GHz is slightly higher, the RCS in the rest frequency bands of 4.0-20.0 GHz is reduced, the designed antenna realizes the single station RCS reduction of more than 10dB in 10.4-15.0 GHz, and the relative bandwidth reaches 36.2%; meanwhile, the single-station RCS at the resonant frequency of 12.3GHz is reduced to reach the maximum value of 30.7dB, because the reflection coefficient amplitudes of the metamaterial wave absorber and the AMC in the frequency band are both smaller than 1, and the phase difference of 180 degrees +/-37 degrees is met, the RCS reduction effect is improved; meanwhile, in the frequency band of 4.6-10.9 GHz, the wave absorption rate of the metamaterial wave absorber unit formed by RM B reaches 90% or more, and as can be seen from figure 8, the dual-polarization RCS reduction values are higher than 5dB in the frequency band of 4.0-10.0 GHz except 8.2 GHz. Thus, loading the hybrid super-surface can simultaneously reduce the in-band RCS under dual polarization of the antenna in the broadband range. Although the gain of the designed antenna is reduced by 4dB compared with the reference antenna, the stealth effect is worthy, and the gain of the antenna can be compensated by an additional compensation mode.
As shown in fig. 9a-9d, in order to verify the effect of RCS absorption and cancellation under dual polarization of the low RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface, three-dimensional scattering diagrams at the resonant frequency of 12.3GHz under co-polarization and cross-polarization perpendicular incidence of the array antenna are respectively given. According to the difference of the colors of the indexes in the graph, the main scattering peak energy of the antenna is suppressed and transferred to other angular domains. Therefore, the designed antenna can be verified to have the in-band dual-polarization stealth effect.
As shown in fig. 10a-10b, in order to more intuitively see the RCS reduction effect under dual polarization of the low RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super surface, the dual station RCS versus angle theta at the resonant frequency of the designed array antenna and the reference antenna at the normal incidence of the co-polarized and cross-polarized waves are given, respectively. Under the irradiation of the co-polarized wave and the cross-polarized wave of the antenna, the main scattering peak energy of the dual-station RCS of the designed antenna is reduced. At the resonance frequency point, the reflection amplitudes of the wave absorber and the AMC are both close to 0.5, the reflection phase difference is 186 degrees, and the RCS reduction is the effect of wave absorption and cancellation superposition. As shown in fig. 10a, for the case where the antenna co-polarized wave is vertically incident, the scattered energy is dispersed to other angular regions within an angular region of ± 12.6 °; similarly, at the incidence of the cross-polarized wave, as shown in fig. 10b, the scattered energy at 0 ° is suppressed and shifted to ± 16.0 °. Therefore, the dual-polarized backward RCS of the low RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super surface is effectively reduced.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface is characterized by comprising a first dielectric layer, a metal back plate layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer which are stacked from bottom to top; the lower surface of the first dielectric layer is provided with a power division feed network; the metal back plate layer is seamlessly printed between the first medium layer and the second medium layer, and a plurality of rectangular metal patches are printed on the upper surface of the second medium layer; an air cavity is arranged between the second medium layer and the third medium layer; and the upper surface of the third medium layer is printed with a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface distributed in a chessboard manner.
2. The low RCS patch antenna array based on polarization insensitive hybrid super surface of claim 1, wherein the polarization insensitive hybrid super surface is distributed in a 2 x 2 checkerboard comprising a first super surface RM a and a second super surface RM B; the first super-surface RM A and the second super-surface RM B are arranged along the chessboard at intervals, and the super-surfaces are arranged in the same layout along the diagonal direction.
3. The low-RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface is characterized in that the RM A, the air cavity and the metal back plate layer which correspond to the RM A in the vertical direction form a metamaterial wave absorber, the wave absorbing principle is met, and a part of electromagnetic energy is converted into heat energy to be consumed; the RM B, the air cavity corresponding to the vertical direction and the metal back plate layer jointly form AMC; the metamaterial wave absorber and the AMC have an effective phase difference of 180 +/-37 degrees, the passive phase cancellation condition is met, and RCS is reduced.
4. The low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface of claim 3, wherein the first super surface RM a comprises two diagonally disposed arrays of 6 x 6 gauge first metal patch elements; the surface of the first metal patch unit adopts a symmetrical Yelu cooling structure, and comprises two cross metal patches which take an axis as a symmetrical center and have the size of 6.0mm multiplied by 0.3mm, four end parts of the cross metal patches are respectively and vertically provided with four edge metal patches, and the size of 5.0mm multiplied by 0.3 mm; the periodic size of the first metal patch unit is 7.5mm multiplied by 7.5 mm; four sides of the cross-shaped metal patch are respectively embedded with 4 lumped resistors, and the single resistance value is 70 omega.
5. The low RCS patch antenna array based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface of claim 3, wherein the second super surface RM B comprises two diagonally disposed arrays of 6 x 6 gauge second metal patch elements; each second metal patch unit is a square metal ring, the unit period size is 7.5mm multiplied by 7.5mm, the side length of each square metal ring is 7.0mm, and the width is 0.1 mm; 4 lumped resistors are symmetrically loaded along the center of each side of the square metal ring, and the single resistance value is 100 omega.
6. The low-RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface is characterized in that the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are both Rogers 5880 dielectric substrates with the size of 90mm x 0.254mm, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent angle is 0.0009; the third dielectric layer adopts an FR-4 dielectric substrate with the size of 90mm multiplied by 0.8mm, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the loss tangent angle is 0.02; the air cavity is positioned between the second medium layer and the third medium layer, and the height of the air cavity is 4 mm; the height of the metal back plate layer is 0.035 mm.
7. The low-RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the second dielectric layer is printed with a rectangular metal patch with a specification of 4 x 4; the rectangular metal patch is powered by a power division feed network on the lower surface of the first dielectric layer in a coaxial feed mode.
8. The array of low RCS patch antennas based on a polarization insensitive hybrid super surface as claimed in claim 7 wherein the individual rectangular metal patches are 9.7mm x 7.5mm in size and the patch spacing is 19.6 mm.
9. The low-RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface according to claim 7, wherein the power division feed network adopts a one-to-sixteen power division feed mode, and the specific combination method is as follows:
every two rectangular metal patches are fed through a first-stage one-to-two power divider, an upper power divider and a lower power divider are also cascaded through a second-stage one-to-two power divider, and finally the power dividers are cascaded in sequence to achieve constant-amplitude in-phase feeding of the antenna array.
10. The low-RCS patch antenna array based on the polarization insensitive hybrid super-surface is characterized in that metal feed through holes with the diameter of 1mm are formed in the positions, corresponding to the rectangular metal patches, of the first dielectric layer, the metal back plate layer and the second dielectric layer, each rectangular metal patch is connected with the power division feed network through the metal feed through holes, and power supply is achieved through the power division feed network.
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| CN115313059A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-08 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Polarization insensitive electromagnetic anti-reflection super surface under extreme incident angle |
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2022
- 2022-05-05 CN CN202210494154.5A patent/CN114883817A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115313059A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-08 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Polarization insensitive electromagnetic anti-reflection super surface under extreme incident angle |
| CN115313059B (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2023-09-08 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Electromagnetic anti-reflection super surface under polarization insensitive extreme incidence angle |
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