CN112262635A - Ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil by comprehensively utilizing municipal refuse - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil by comprehensively utilizing municipal refuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN112262635A CN112262635A CN202011355324.9A CN202011355324A CN112262635A CN 112262635 A CN112262635 A CN 112262635A CN 202011355324 A CN202011355324 A CN 202011355324A CN 112262635 A CN112262635 A CN 112262635A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil by comprehensively utilizing municipal refuse, which comprises the following steps: 1) backfilling the large-volume construction waste on the bottom layer of the soil, wherein the backfilling depth is 50cm-100 cm; 2) backfilling the urban sludge and the garden waste in gaps of the large-volume construction waste; 3) backfilling urban sludge, garden waste and small-volume building waste on the upper layer of the large-volume building waste, wherein the backfilling depth is 20-30 cm; 4) backfilling the mixture of the raw soil, the garden waste and the construction waste powder on the uppermost layer to a backfilling depth of 30-50 cm; 5) after backfilling is finished, directly planting salt-tolerant plants; 6) when the salt content is reduced to below 15g/kg, planting alfalfa, and planting tamarix chinensis and/or amorpha fruticosa. The method utilizes the characteristics of main urban wastes, changes wastes into valuables, and solves the problems of ecological restoration of coastal heavy saline-alkali soil and urban waste treatment.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to an ecological restoration method for a coastal heavy saline-alkali soil, which aims at the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil, in particular to the heavy saline-alkali soil of viscous soil, and fully utilizes urban building wastes, urban sludge and urban garden wastes to carry out a sustainable ecological restoration technology for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil.
Background art:
the urban construction and daily life generate a large amount of waste, along with the rapid development of the economic society, the waste is generated in a large amount, and if the waste cannot be properly treated, the environmental pollution can be caused; moreover, many wastes are another resource, and improper treatment causes waste of resources. Therefore, wastes generated during urban construction and living should be classified finely according to their properties so that different treatments can be performed. The construction waste is a common waste in the urban construction process, and the traditional method directly landfills or crushes the waste, so that a large amount of land resources are occupied; on the other hand, the cost is very high when the powder is crushed, and secondary pollution is very easy to cause.
Municipal sludge is a product of municipal waterworks, sewage treatment plants, municipal riverways and municipal underground pipelines, the yield of the municipal sludge is quite large, the municipal sludge is one of municipal pollutants in the traditional sense, and most cities have been completely pulped for how to treat the municipal sludge. The municipal sludge contains a large amount of organic matters, and is a potential organic fertilizer.
Urban garden waste is also one of main products of urban construction, and secondary pollution is easily caused in many places by mainly burning power generation or directly treating the urban garden waste as common urban garbage. It is becoming more and more urgent to utilize these municipal wastes in a sustainable, green manner.
However, a large amount of heavy saline-alkali soil exists in the coastal areas in the north, the soil is heavy in viscosity, high in salt content and low in soil nutrient content, and the vegetation can be constructed only after the measures such as concealed pipe salt elimination, organic fertilizer application, soil dressing and the like are needed to improve the soil for the improvement of the heavy saline-alkali soil and the vegetation reconstruction.
Based on the current situation, the method provided by the invention aims at the characteristics of shallow soil water level and heavy soil viscosity of the coastal region, changes waste into valuable by utilizing the characteristics of main urban wastes, and solves the problems of ecological restoration and urban waste treatment of the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil.
The invention content is as follows:
the purpose of the invention is: provides a sustainable ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil by comprehensively utilizing urban building wastes, urban sludge and urban garden wastes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil by comprehensively utilizing urban building wastes, urban sludge and urban garden wastes comprises the following steps:
1) backfilling the large-volume construction waste on the bottom layer of the soil (if necessary, before backfilling, a soil layer with a certain depth is dug downwards, and then backfilling is carried out), wherein the backfilling depth is 50cm-100 cm; after backfilling, the height of the soil is 20cm-30cm higher than the surrounding ground;
2) backfilling the urban sludge and the garden waste in gaps of the large-volume building waste, wherein the volume ratio of the urban sludge to the garden waste is 1: 1;
3) backfilling urban sludge, garden waste and small-volume building waste on the upper layer of the large-volume building waste, wherein the backfilling depth is 20-30 cm;
4) backfilling the mixture of the raw soil, the garden waste and the construction waste powder on the uppermost layer to a backfilling depth of 30-50 cm;
5) after backfilling is finished, directly planting salt-tolerant plants;
6) when the salt content is reduced to below 15g/kg, planting alfalfa, and planting tamarix chinensis and/or amorpha fruticosa.
In the method, the garden waste is one or two of fallen leaves and dried branches;
in the method, the municipal sludge is one or a mixture of more than two of river bottom sludge, sludge of a sewage treatment plant and sludge of a municipal living pipeline;
preferably, the volume of the large-volume construction waste in the step 1) is 5000cm3-10000cm345% -65% of the total; volume 800cm3-1000cm320-30% of the total weight of the powder, and the rest is more than 1000cm in volume3And less than 5000cm3The construction waste of (1);
preferably, the step 1) further comprises backfilling garden waste; the garden waste is dried branches with the diameter of more than 2cm (less than 10cm), and the backfilling in the step 1) is mainly performed on large-volume construction waste, and the volume percentage is more than 80%.
Preferably, the garden waste in the step 2) is crushed dried branches;
preferably, the volume of the small-volume construction waste in the step 3) is less than 200cm3The volume ratio of the urban sludge to the garden waste to the small-volume construction waste is 1:1: 1; the garden waste is fallen leaves and dead branches with the diameter less than 2 cm;
preferably, the garden waste in the step 4) is a product after primary decomposition; the volume ratio of the materials is as follows: 5-6 parts of raw soil, and 4-5 parts of garden waste and construction waste powder in total, wherein the garden waste and the construction waste powder are proportioned according to the volume ratio of 1: 1.
Preferably, the type of the planted plants is determined according to the salt content of the soil in the step 5), and when the salt content of the soil is more than 20g/kg (less than 40 g/kg), the suaeda salsa is planted, wherein the planting amount is 20-25 kg/mu; when the salt content of the soil is 15-20g/kg, planting 3-6 kg/mu of sesbania; the planting season is 5-6 months, and other management measures are not needed.
Wherein the planting amount of the alfalfa in the step 6) is 2-4 kg/mu, the sowing time is 5-8 months, the tamarix chinensis is a three-year cutting seedling of local wild tamarix chinensis, and the amorpha fruticosa is a three-year-old seedling which is directly planted, and is planted at intervals, and the plant spacing is 100 cm; the planting can be managed according to normal planting in the same year without management later.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention fully and properly treats the construction waste generated in the urban construction process on the premise of not occupying cultivated land; the urban building garbage is not required to be crushed, and is only required to be graded according to the volume, so that grading utilization is realized, and the cost is saved to the maximum extent; the invention utilizes the characteristics of the construction wastes with different volumes to give full play to the value, wherein the construction wastes with large volume are arranged at the bottom layer, on one hand, the growth of plants is not influenced, on the other hand, the invention can play the role of a filter layer, thereby preventing the water level of the underground from moving upwards and increasing the porosity of the underground; the small-volume construction waste can improve the soil structure and increase the soil permeability, thereby enhancing the soil desalination;
2) the urban sludge mainly comprises the following components: river bottom sludge, sludge of a sewage treatment plant and sludge of an urban living pipeline are generally rich in organic matters and nutrients, are good organic fertilizers, and are generally used as garbage to be directly incinerated or dumped for treatment, so that the urban sludge is fully utilized, waste is fully changed into valuable, the soil fertility is improved, and the soil structure is improved;
3) urban garden waste is the important component of municipal waste, and direct incineration treatment is taken to the garden waste to the tradition, perhaps fermentation on the spot is macerated fertile and is handled, but sometimes the restriction of urban environment each side for urban garden waste can not obtain fine utilization. The invention carries out graded utilization on urban garden waste according to dead branches and fallen leaves, larger dead branches can be directly placed on the lower layer, and fallen leaves with smaller volume can be directly utilized or smashed or decomposed for utilization, thereby fully solving the problem of treatment of the garden waste on one hand; on the other hand, the organic matter of the soil is improved, and the fertilizer efficiency of the soil is increased.
4) The method utilizes the saline suaeda salsa and the tamarisk which have stronger stress tolerance in the rural area, and can well adapt to the environment and improve the soil; in addition, the technology of combining herbage and shrub is adopted to decompose and treat wastes at different depths.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the total salt content of a soil mass of 50cm measured in 5 months per year in example 1;
FIG. 2 shows the total salt content of 50cm soil measured in month 5 per year in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the Tianjin coastal south port industrial park is close to the Bohai sea, the salt content of the soil is high, the underground water level is shallow, the natural environment is severe, the ecological construction is urgent along with the development and construction of the south port industrial park in recent years, and the traditional engineering measures are limited by resources such as the soil. Two sides of a newly-built road are selected for construction, the construction area is 60cm lower than the road surface, the average salt content of soil in the area is 25g/kg, and the underground water level is 1.25m-1.6 m.
An ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
1) directly backfilling large volume construction waste (volume 5000 cm)3-10000cm345% -65% of the total; volume 800cm3-1000cm320-30% of the total weight of the powder, and the rest is more than 1000cm in volume3And less than 5000cm3The construction waste) is placed on the bottom layer of the soil, and the backfill depth is 80 cm;
2) backfilling the urban sludge and the garden waste in gaps of the large-volume building waste, wherein the volume ratio of the urban sludge to the garden waste is 1: 1;
3) backfilling urban sludge, garden waste and small volume of construction waste (volume less than 200 cm) on the upper layer of the large volume of construction waste3The building waste) is prepared, and the volume ratio of the urban sludge, the garden waste and the small-volume building waste is 1:1: 1; the backfill depth is 20 cm;
4) backfilling the mixture of the raw soil, the garden waste and the construction waste powder on the uppermost layer to a backfilling depth of 30 cm; garden waste is a product after primary decomposition; the volume ratio of the materials is as follows: the raw soil is 6 parts, and the garden waste and the construction waste powder are 5 parts in total, wherein the garden waste and the construction waste powder are proportioned according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;
5) directly planting suaeda salsa in the month of May in the current year after backfilling, wherein the planting quantity is 25 kg/mu;
6) sowing the alfalfa in the fifth month of the second year, wherein the sowing amount is 2.5 kg/mu; planting wild Chinese tamarisk three-year cuttage seedlings and three-year-old amorpha fruticosa seedlings, planting the Chinese tamarisk and the amorpha fruticosa at intervals, wherein the plant spacing is 100 cm; and planting and managing the seedlings according to normal conditions in the same year without management.
Example 2
The salt pond depth of the old site of the salt plant in the development area of the Tianjin coastal new area is 60cm-80cm, and the salt content is 31 g/kg.
An ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
1) directly backfilling large-volume construction wastes and large-volume garden withered branches on the soil bottom layer; the backfill depth is 100 cm; the volume of the large-volume construction waste is 5000cm3-10000cm345% -65% of the total; volume 800cm3-1000cm320-30% of the total weight of the powder, and the rest is more than 1000cm in volume3And less than 5000cm3The volume ratio of the large-volume building waste to the large-volume garden dried branches is 9: 1;
2) backfilling the urban sludge and the garden waste in gaps of the large-volume building waste, wherein the volume ratio of the urban sludge to the garden waste is 1: 1;
3) backfilling urban sludge, garden waste and small volume of construction waste (volume less than 200 cm) on the upper layer of the large volume of construction waste3The building waste) is prepared, and the volume ratio of the urban sludge, the garden waste and the small-volume building waste is 1:1: 1; the backfill depth is 30 cm;
4) backfilling the mixture of the raw soil, the garden waste and the construction waste powder on the uppermost layer to a backfilling depth of 50 cm; garden waste is a product after primary decomposition; the volume ratio of the materials is as follows: 5 parts of raw soil, and 5 parts of garden waste and construction waste powder in total, wherein the garden waste and the construction waste powder are proportioned according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;
5) directly planting suaeda salsa in the month of May in the current year after backfilling, wherein the planting quantity is 25 kg/mu;
6) broadcasting sesbania in May of the second year, wherein the sowing quantity is 5 kg/mu;
7) sowing alfalfa in May of the third year, wherein the sowing amount is 2 kg/mu, planting wild Chinese tamarisk three-year cutting seedlings and three-year-old amorpha seedlings, planting Chinese tamarisk and amorpha at intervals, and the plant spacing is 100 cm; and planting and managing the seedlings according to normal conditions in the same year without management.
Claims (8)
1. An ecological restoration method for coastal heavy saline-alkali soil by comprehensively utilizing urban building wastes, urban sludge and urban garden wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) backfilling the large-volume construction waste on the bottom layer of the soil, wherein the backfilling depth is 50cm-100 cm; after backfilling, the height of the soil is 20cm-30cm higher than the surrounding ground;
2) backfilling the urban sludge and the garden waste in gaps of the large-volume building waste, wherein the volume ratio of the urban sludge to the garden waste is 1: 1;
3) backfilling urban sludge, garden waste and small-volume building waste on the upper layer of the large-volume building waste, wherein the backfilling depth is 20-30 cm;
4) backfilling the mixture of the raw soil, the garden waste and the construction waste powder on the uppermost layer to a backfilling depth of 30-50 cm;
5) after backfilling is finished, directly planting salt-tolerant plants;
6) when the salt content is reduced to below 15g/kg, planting alfalfa, and planting tamarix chinensis and/or amorpha fruticosa.
2. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the volume of the large-volume construction waste in the step 1) is 5000cm3-10000cm345% -65% of the total; volume 800cm3-1000cm320-30% of the total weight of the powder, and the rest is more than 1000cm in volume3And less than 5000cm3The construction waste.
3. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, which comprises the following steps: the step 1) also comprises backfilling garden waste; the garden waste is dried branches with the diameter of more than 2cm (less than 10cm), and the backfilling in the step 1) is mainly performed on large-volume construction waste, and the volume percentage is more than 80%.
4. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the garden waste in the step 2) is crushed dried branches.
5. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: step 3) the volume of the medium and small-sized construction waste is less than 200cm3The volume ratio of the urban sludge to the garden waste to the small-volume construction waste is 1:1: 1; the garden waste is fallen leaves and dead branches with the diameter less than 2 cm.
6. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the garden waste in the step 4) is a product after primary decomposition; the volume ratio of the materials is as follows: 5-6 parts of raw soil, and 4-5 parts of garden waste and construction waste powder in total, wherein the garden waste and the construction waste powder are proportioned according to the volume ratio of 1: 1.
7. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: determining the type of the planted plants according to the salt content of the soil in the step 5), and planting suaeda salsa in the saline land when the salt content of the soil is more than 20g/kg, wherein the planting amount is 20-25 kg/mu; when the salt content of the soil is 15-20g/kg, planting 3-6 kg/mu of sesbania; the planting season is 5-6 months, and other management measures are not needed.
8. The ecological restoration method for the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: wherein the planting amount of the alfalfa in the step 6) is 2-4 kg/mu, the sowing time is 5-8 months, the tamarix chinensis is a three-year cutting seedling of local wild tamarix chinensis, and the amorpha fruticosa is a three-year-old seedling which is directly planted, and is planted at intervals, and the plant spacing is 100 cm; the planting can be managed according to normal planting in the same year without management later.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116219960A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-06 | 上海港湾基础建设（集团）股份有限公司 | Green island building process |
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| US5888396A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1999-03-30 | Perriello; Felix Anthony | Bioremediation of pollutants with butane-utilizing bacteria |
| CN101363220A (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2009-02-11 | 徐州建筑职业技术学院 | Construction waste squeezing silt backfill method |
| CN104762946A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-08 | 武汉法雅园林集团有限公司 | Filler and method for ecologically repairing damaged mountain |
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| CN116219960A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-06 | 上海港湾基础建设（集团）股份有限公司 | Green island building process |
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