CN112250458A - 一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料 - Google Patents
一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 102220043159 rs587780996 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical class O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于垃圾焚烧炉用耐火材料技术，涉及一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料。涉及的一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料采用自流的方式填充至垃圾焚烧炉水冷管与碳化硅挂砖之间的缝隙；填缝材料的原料及质量百分比为：碳化硅60‑90%；刚玉0‑25%；活性ɑ‑Al2O3微粉0‑3%；二氧化硅微粉6.5‑10%；铝酸盐水泥3‑10%；减水剂0.1‑0.2%；其中减水剂为外加。本发明的流动性好，可实现细小缝隙的填充；导热系数高，1000℃下的导热系数达到8W/mK以上；高温下抗酸、碱性气体侵蚀性能好，体积稳定性好，有效提高水冷盘管的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于垃圾焚烧炉用耐火材料技术，涉及一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料。
背景技术
随着我国经济的高速发展，城市垃圾和工业废弃物的数量急剧增加，这些垃圾的不当处理会严重影响环境，危害人民生存；目前，全世界范围内垃圾多采用焚烧炉焚烧的方法进行无害化处理；垃圾在焚烧炉内燃烧后生成大量高温气体，该高温气体通过水冷管的热交换实现了热量的回收再利用，节约能源；然而，垃圾焚烧产生的高温气体中含有大量的腐蚀性成分，如氯离子、氟离子等酸根离子和钠盐、钾盐等碱金属化合物蒸汽，大量的腐蚀性成分在高温下易与金属材质的水冷管发生化学反应，导致水冷管的腐蚀损毁，影响生产效率。
目前，垃圾焚烧炉行业多采用砌筑一定厚度的耐火材料来保护水冷管道；现有最先进的炉型采用碳化硅质挂壁砖砌筑在水冷盘管表面，利用碳化硅砖的高导热性能提高换热效率，但碳化硅砖与水冷管并不能紧密贴合，两者之间存在≤10mm的缝隙，局部缝隙≤2mm；因此，需在缝隙中填充一种密封材料，以封堵腐蚀性气体的渗透，现有挂壁砖炉结构常采用碳化硅质耐火泥浆涂抹在挂砖与水冷管之间，由于泥浆的粘度较高，在施工过程中易出现泥浆填充不饱满，大量缺陷的存在直接影响密闭性和导热性能；挂砖与水冷管空间狭小的缝隙，尤其燃烧室顶部位置，最小时的倾斜角度不足5°，且需要将整个炉顶部位的挂壁砖全部砌筑完成后，才能进行填缝料的浇注施工，炉顶砌筑宽度达到3m以上，现有耐火自流料产品在长距离、小倾斜角度的狭小缝隙中流动时，极易出现材料失水偏析导致堵塞，不能有效填充。
因此需要开发出一种垃圾焚烧炉挂壁砖用高流动性、高导热、体积稳定性高且抗热烟气腐蚀的填缝材料，在简化施工方法的同时，提高填充效果，确保热交换效率；专利“铝电解槽侧墙背缝填充用自流浇注料”CN101723690B中涉及的自流料浇注料，主要应用于铝电解槽壳体与碳化硅砖之间5-40mm的缝隙，该类型自流料的使用环境和填充难度远小于垃圾焚烧炉挂壁砖与水冷管间的缝隙，不能直接应用于垃圾焚烧炉碳化硅挂壁砖领域。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，使其具有流动性好、导热性高、抗腐蚀性气体侵蚀、施工简单的特点。
本发明为完成上述目的采用如下技术方案：
一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，填缝材料采用自流的方式填充至垃圾焚烧炉水冷管与碳化硅挂砖之间的缝隙；填缝材料的原料及质量百分比为：
碳化硅 0.045mm＜d≤2.5mm 60-90%；
刚玉 0.045μm＜d≤1mm 0-25%；
活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉 0.01μm＜d≤5μm 0-3%；
二氧化硅微粉 0.01μm ＜d≤2μm 6.5-10%；
铝酸盐水泥 0.5μm ＜d≤45μm 3-10%；
减水剂 0.1-0.2%；
其中所述的减水剂为外加。
所述的碳化硅为SiC含量≥90%，粒度为2.45~1.43mm，1.43~0.5mm，0.5~0mm，0~0.074mm，0~0.045mm的段砂。
所述的刚玉为Al2O3含量≥99%的电熔白刚玉，粒度为1~0mm，0~0.074mm，0~0.045mm的段砂。
所述的活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉为Al2O3含量≥99%的煅烧氧化铝微粉，粒度为D50≤5um。
所述的二氧化硅微粉为硅冶炼矿热炉的副产品，其SiO2含量在93.5%~97之间，D50=0.5um。
本发明提出的一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，选用碳化硅和刚玉作为基体材料；碳化硅质材料具有导热系数高，抗侵蚀能力优异，但是其本身属于瘠性材料，烧结性能较弱，因此在本发明中选用活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉和二氧化硅微粉来提高材料的流动性能，并利用两种微粉的高活性实现低温下烧结，提升材料的结合强度；选用纯铝酸盐水泥作为结合剂，具有凝固快，强度高的优点；选用聚羧酸盐、磺化三聚氰胺甲醛、磷酸盐类减水剂可有效降低材料的需水量，提高材料的致密度，从而优化其强度和导热性能。
综上，填缝材料的有益效果如下：
1、流动性好，可实现细小缝隙（≤10mm）的填充；
2、导热系数高，1000℃下的导热系数可达到8W/mK以上；
3、高温下抗酸、碱性气体侵蚀性能好，体积稳定性好，有效提高水冷盘管的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面给出的本发明的实施例，但不构成对本发明的任何限制；实施例中所提到的各项性能指标依照GB/T 4513.6-2017进行检测。
实施例1：
按下列质量百分比称取各组分：
碳化硅 0.045mm＜d≤2.5mm 60%
刚玉 0.045μm＜d≤1mm 23%
活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉 0.01μm＜d≤5μm 2%
二氧化硅微粉 0.01μm ＜d≤2μm 8%
铝酸盐水泥 0.5μm ＜d≤45μm 7%
减水剂 0.2 %；
其中，铝酸盐水泥选用高铝80水泥，减水剂选用磺化三聚氰胺甲醛（SM）；将各组分在强制搅拌机内混合均匀，加入水搅拌均匀后即可得到垃圾焚烧炉挂壁砖用填缝材料。
实施例2：
按下列质量百分比称取各组分：
碳化硅 0.045mm＜d≤1.5mm 90%
刚玉 0.045μm＜d≤1mm 0%
活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉 0.01μm＜d≤5μm 0%
二氧化硅微粉 0.01μm ＜d≤2μm 6.5%
铝酸盐水泥 0.5μm ＜d≤45μm 3.5%
减水剂 0.10 %；
其中，铝酸盐水泥选用Secar71水泥，减水剂选用聚羧酸盐（FS-20）；将各组分在强制搅拌机内混合均匀，加入水搅拌均匀后即可得到垃圾焚烧炉挂壁砖用填缝材料。
实施例3：
按下列质量百分比称取各组分：
碳化硅 0.045mm＜d≤1mm 75%
刚玉 0.045μm＜d≤1mm 8%
活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉 0.01μm＜d≤5μm 3%
二氧化硅微粉 0.01μm ＜d≤2μm 9%
铝酸盐水泥 0.5μm ＜d≤45μm 5%
减水剂 0.15 %；
其中，铝酸盐水泥选用威卡68水泥，减水剂选用磷酸盐系（三聚磷酸钠）；将各组分在强制搅拌机内混合均匀，加入水搅拌均匀后即可得到垃圾焚烧炉挂壁砖用填缝材料。
表1.实施例1-实施例3的填缝料的性能指标.
Claims (5)
1.一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，其特征在于：填缝材料采用自流的方式填充至垃圾焚烧炉水冷管与碳化硅挂砖之间的缝隙；填缝材料的原料及质量百分比为：
碳化硅 0.045mm＜d≤2.5mm 60-90%；
刚玉 0.045μm＜d≤1mm 0-25%；
活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉 0.01μm＜d≤5μm 0-3%；
二氧化硅微粉 0.01μm ＜d≤2μm 6.5-10%；
铝酸盐水泥 0.5μm ＜d≤45μm 3-10%；
减水剂 0.1-0.2%；
其中所述的减水剂为外加。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，其特征在于：所述的碳化硅为SiC含量≥90%，粒度为2.45~1.43mm，1.43~0.5mm，0.5~0mm，0~0.074mm，0~0.045mm的段砂。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，其特征在于：所述的刚玉为Al2O3含量≥99%的电熔白刚玉，粒度为1~0mm，0~0.074mm，0~0.045mm的段砂。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，其特征在于：所述的活性ɑ-Al2O3微粉为Al2O3含量≥99%的煅烧氧化铝微粉，粒度为D50≤5um。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种碳化硅挂壁砖用填缝材料，其特征在于：所述的二氧化硅微粉为硅冶炼矿热炉的副产品，其SiO2含量在93.5%~97之间，D50=0.5um。
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