CN112250424A - 一种氧化铝粉体、氧化铝陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种氧化铝粉体、氧化铝陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112250424A
CN112250424A CN202010941508.7A CN202010941508A CN112250424A CN 112250424 A CN112250424 A CN 112250424A CN 202010941508 A CN202010941508 A CN 202010941508A CN 112250424 A CN112250424 A CN 112250424A
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alumina
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孟德安
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Zhengzhou Hicer High Tech Ceramics Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明为一种氧化铝粉体、氧化铝陶瓷及其制备方法，提出了一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，按照重量分数包括如下组分：氧化铝100‑115份，氢氧化铝23‑28份、氧化镁5‑6份、二氧化钛粉6‑7份、镁氮化硅粉1‑5份和硅烷偶联剂10‑15份，粘结剂3‑4份、氧化锆15‑20份、氮化铝粉2‑6份、消泡剂1‑2份和AlF35‑8份。本发明得到的氧化铝陶瓷原料组分进行了合理的配伍，从而优化了氧化铝陶瓷粉料的使用品质。本发明依靠氮化铝、氧化铝、氧化锆和氧化镁之间的相互作用力使坯体保持一定的形状和致密度高致密坯体，其有利于陶瓷烧结，可以降低烧结温度，提高陶瓷致密度。

Description

一种氧化铝粉体、氧化铝陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及属于污水处理技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种氧化铝陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
氧化铝陶瓷具有耐高温、耐磨损、电绝缘、抗氧化、耐腐蚀和机械强度高等特点，上述出色的理化性能使其在国防、建筑、化工和冶炼等众多领域有着广泛的应用需求。众所周知，在微观上，氧化铝陶瓷材料是一种共价键和离子键结合而成的材料，因结合价键的方向性使得该材料具有高脆性和低韧性的缺点，导致其在极低的应变值下即发生断裂，大大限制了氧化铝陶瓷的广泛应用。
目前，用于精密电阻的氧化铝陶瓷棒其抗弯强度不高，该强度的氧化铝陶瓷棒容易受力断裂。此外，氧化铝陶瓷在生产过程中，高温会导致氧化铝晶体的迅速增长，这一结果会导致陶瓷内部的气体来不及排出而被封闭在陶瓷内形成气泡，进而影响了氧化铝陶瓷的力学品质及光电特性。
因此，为克服现有技术的不足，提出一种新型氧化铝粉体、氧化铝陶瓷及其制备方法，具有强度高、综合使用品质好的特点是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明正是基于上述技术问题至少之一，本发明研制的氧化铝陶瓷原料组分进行了合理的配伍，从而优化了氧化铝陶瓷粉料的使用品质。本发明依靠氮化铝、氧化铝、氧化锆和氧化镁之间的相互作用力使坯体保持一定的形状和致密度高致密坯体，其有利于陶瓷烧结，可以降低烧结温度，提高陶瓷致密度。
有鉴于此，本发明提出了一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，按照重量分数包括如下组分：氧化铝100-115份，氢氧化铝23-28份、氧化镁5-6份、二氧化钛粉6-7份、镁氮化硅粉1-5份和硅烷偶联剂10-15份，粘结剂3-4份、氧化锆15-20份、氮化铝粉2-6份、消泡剂1-2份和AlF3 5-8份。
进一步的，氧化铝陶瓷粉料按照重量分数包括如下组分：氧化铝110-115份，氢氧化铝25-28份、氧化镁5份、二氧化钛粉6份、镁氮化硅粉2份和硅烷偶联剂12-15份，石蜡4份、氧化锆18份、氮化铝粉5份、消泡剂2份和AlF3 8份。
进一步的，粘结剂为石蜡、硬脂酸、聚乙烯和聚丙烯中的至少一种。
进一步的，氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉10％-30％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉10％-30％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉40％-80％。
根据本发明第二个方向，提出了利用上述粉料制备得到的氧化铝陶瓷。
根据本发明第三个方向，制备氧化铝陶瓷的方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将氧化铝、氢氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛粉、镁氮化硅粉、硅烷偶联剂、氧化锆和氮化铝粉按比例混合研磨，得到混合料；
（2）加热粘结剂150-180℃，再加入消泡剂将混合料加入其中并混匀；
（3）加入AlF3注射成型，160-180℃，成型压力为4Mpa，成型时间为5-10s，得到成型物；
（4）对成型物依次进行脱胶温度为600-650℃、烧成1200-1500℃。
通过以上技术方案，本发明对氧化铝粉进行分级，不同粒径的的搭配添加，实现了改性粉体的充分均匀填充，降低了陶瓷内部的气泡生成率，并能增强陶瓷的强度等特性；而配合消泡剂的使用，进一步降低了陶瓷内部的气泡；氧化锆与氧化镁相互配合使氧化铝晶粒大小均一，分散均匀，进而分散了应力，提高了韧性；利用硅烷偶联剂将粘结剂紧紧包裹在无机粉体表面，使无机粉体间均匀分开，增强无机粉体间的流动性和均匀性，在脱胶过程中，粘结剂能均匀地从内部分解、扩散而不形成或少形成孔洞和裂纹，氢氧化铝、硅烷偶联剂和粘结剂会分解，同时产生氧化铝和二氧化硅，填充了可能产生的孔洞和裂纹，增加了产品致密性；而氮化铝粉体的制备能够明显改善陶瓷的晶相组织结构，与氧化铝形成复杂稳定的第二相物质，即可减少异常长大的晶粒的尺寸，又能保证晶粒间的可滑动性，优化了整体的力学品质。AlF3的添加物，添加物可以降低预烧温度、促进晶型转化、排除Na2O等杂质、硼酸盐除碱效果好，氟化物可促进晶型转变。因此本发明制得的氧化铝陶瓷具有力学性能好、稳定性高、综合品质优的特点。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
实施例1
氧化铝陶瓷的制备
一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，按照重量分数包括如下组分：氧化铝100-115份，氢氧化铝23-28份、氧化镁5-6份、二氧化钛粉6-7份、镁氮化硅粉1-5份和硅烷偶联剂10-15份，粘结剂3-4份、氧化锆15-20份、氮化铝粉2-6份、消泡剂1-2份和AlF3 5-8份。
其中，粘结剂为石蜡、硬脂酸、聚乙烯和聚丙烯中的至少一种。
氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉10％-30％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉10％-30％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉40％-80％。
利用上述粉料制备得到的氧化铝陶瓷，
制备氧化铝陶瓷的方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将氧化铝、氢氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛粉、镁氮化硅粉、硅烷偶联剂、氧化锆和氮化铝粉按比例混合研磨，得到混合料；
（2）加热粘结剂150-180℃，再加入消泡剂将混合料加入其中并混匀；
（3）加入AlF3注射成型，160-180℃，成型压力为4Mpa，成型时间为5-10s，得到成型物；
（4）对成型物依次进行脱胶温度为600-650℃、烧成1200-1500℃。
本发明实施例2-9提供的氧化铝陶瓷粉料配方见表1。
表1 各实施例氧化铝陶瓷粉料配方
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
其中，实施例2中，氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉30％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉30％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉40％。
实施例3中氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉20％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉20％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉60％。
实施例4中氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉10％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉30％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉60％。
实施例5氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉30％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉10％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉60％。
实施例6氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉10％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉10％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉80％。
实施例7氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉15％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉20％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉65％。
实施例8氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉25％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉25％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉50％。
实施例9氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉20％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉25％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉55％。
其他技术特征如实施例1。
对比例
本发明对比例1-4提供的氧化铝陶瓷粉料配方见表2。
表2各对比例氧化铝陶瓷粉料配方
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
其中，对比例1中，氧化铝粉只包括粒径1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉。
其中，对比例2-4中，氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉30％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉30％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉40％。
其他技术特征如实施例1。
实施例10
对实施例2-9，以及各对比例制得的氧化铝陶瓷进行硬度，强度和韧性的测试，结果如表3所示。
表3 氧化铝陶瓷进行硬度，强度和韧性的测试结果
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
因此，由表3可知道，本发明多制得的氧化铝陶瓷在硬度、强度和韧性方面均具有优异的特性。原因在于：一则利用硅烷偶联剂将粘结剂紧紧包裹在无机粉体表面，使无机粉体间均匀分开，增强无机粉体间的流动性和均匀性，在脱胶过程中，粘结剂能均匀地从内部分解、扩散而不形成或少形成孔洞和裂纹；二则在后续成型、脱胶和烧成过程中，氢氧化铝、硅烷偶联剂和粘结剂会分解，同时产生氧化铝和二氧化硅，填充了可能产生的孔洞和裂纹，增加了产品致密性；三则AlF3的添加物，添加物可以降低预烧温度、促进晶型转化、排除Na2O等杂质、硼酸盐除碱效果好，氟化物可促进晶型转变。因此本发明制得的氧化铝陶瓷具有力学性能好、稳定性高、综合品质优的特点。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，其特征在于，按照重量分数包括如下组分：氧化铝100-115份，氢氧化铝23-28份、氧化镁5-6份、二氧化钛粉6-7份、镁氮化硅粉1-5份和硅烷偶联剂10-15份，粘结剂3-4份、氧化锆15-20份、氮化铝粉2-6份、消泡剂1-2份和AlF3 5-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，其特征在于，所述氧化铝陶瓷粉料按照重量分数包括如下组分：氧化铝110-115份，氢氧化铝25-28份、氧化镁5份、二氧化钛粉6份、镁氮化硅粉2份和硅烷偶联剂12-15份，石蜡4份、氧化锆18份、氮化铝粉5份、消泡剂2份和AlF3 8份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为石蜡、硬脂酸、聚乙烯和聚丙烯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种氧化铝陶瓷粉料，其特征在于，所述氧化铝粉包括粒径0.5-0.6微米的氧化铝粉10％-30％、1-1.8微米的氧化铝粉10％-30％及2-3微米的氧化铝粉40％-80％。
5.根据权利要求4所述的粉料制备得到的氧化铝陶瓷。
6.制备权利要求5所述的氧化铝陶瓷的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）将所述氧化铝、所述氢氧化铝、所述氧化镁、所述二氧化钛粉、所述镁氮化硅粉、所述硅烷偶联剂、所述氧化锆和所述氮化铝粉按比例混合研磨，得到混合料；
（2）加热所述粘结剂150-180℃，再加入所述消泡剂将所述混合料加入其中并混匀；
（3）加入所述AlF3注射成型，160-180℃，成型压力为4Mpa，成型时间为5-10s，得到成型物
（4）对所述成型物依次进行脱胶温度为600-650℃、烧成1200-1500℃。
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