CN112247735B - Planet grinding tool based on parallel flat rotating structure - Google Patents
Planet grinding tool based on parallel flat rotating structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112247735B CN112247735B CN202011136061.2A CN202011136061A CN112247735B CN 112247735 B CN112247735 B CN 112247735B CN 202011136061 A CN202011136061 A CN 202011136061A CN 112247735 B CN112247735 B CN 112247735B
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- eccentric
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- rotation
- flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/01—Specific tools, e.g. bowl-like; Production, dressing or fastening of these tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
- B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
Abstract
The invention discloses a planetary grinding tool based on a parallel flat rotating structure, which comprises an upper end surface, a lower end surface and a plurality of flat rotating mechanisms dispersedly connected in parallel between the upper end surface and the lower end surface, wherein a grinding disc and an autorotation-pressurization assembly are arranged on the lower end surface, the autorotation-pressurization assembly is used for driving the grinding disc to autorotate and controlling grinding pressure, at least one flat rotating mechanism is also connected with a driving mechanism, and the lower end surface rotates flatly relative to the upper end surface under the driving of the driving mechanism. The invention adopts a dispersed parallel connection structure, increases the number of the connection points of the revolution and rotation systems, improves the connection strength, balances the eccentric load, operates more stably, has higher rotating speed and effectively increases the material removal efficiency; because of adopting the scattered parallel connection structure, a lower end flat rotating table top with enough space is provided, and a self-rotating pressurizing mechanism with large torque, high rotating speed and high-precision force control can be installed; the parallel flat rotating structure can also bring convenience for wiring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of precision machining, and particularly relates to a quantitative precision grinding tool for hard materials.
Background
The surface shape precision of the optical mirror surface is the key influencing the imaging quality of an optical system, the grinding difficulty is high, the period is long, and a grinding tool is a key factor determining the grinding process. At present, the planet grinding tool is widely used for grinding the optical mirror surface, and has the advantages that the adjustable technological parameters are more: revolution speed, rotation speed, eccentric distance, polishing pressure and the like; the formed material removal function has a prominent shape center and a flat edge, and is beneficial to error convergence; compared with ion beam processing and magneto-rheological processing, the polishing process is easy to realize. The current planetary grinding tools have the following disadvantages:
1. the revolution mechanism and the rotation mechanism are connected in series, so that the structure is complex. The planetary grinding tool is characterized in that a revolution system is superposed with rotation and pressurization functions, the two are connected in series in a common superposition mode at present, and an adjusting part of eccentric distance is added at a connecting part. The design can cause the whole structure to have large length and insufficient rigidity, and the integration to processing equipment is difficult. And the cables and air pipes used for rotation and pressure control can be accessed through a despin device, so that the structure is complex and the reliability is not high.
2. The rotation mechanism has poor supporting conditions and limited revolution speed. The rotation mechanism is connected with the revolution system through the eccentric device, so that the connection strength of the rotation system is not high due to multiple links. The rotation mechanism receives the action of centrifugal force in the process of eccentric rotation, and the operation of the polishing disc is not stable due to the poor connection condition and the long structure. Therefore, the revolution speed can only be reduced, and the processing efficiency is influenced.
In conclusion, the existing planetary grinding tool has the defects of complex series structure, difficult cable connection and poor operation stability of the polishing disk, and the performance is difficult to completely meet the grinding requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low connection strength of a revolution mechanism and an autorotation mechanism, large overall structure length, complex wiring and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a planetary grinding tool based on parallel flat rotation, which has the advantages of simple structure, reliable connection and higher grinding efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a planetary grinding tool based on a parallel flat rotating structure comprises an upper end face, a lower end face and a plurality of flat rotating mechanisms dispersedly connected in parallel between the upper end face and the lower end face, wherein a grinding disc and an autorotation-pressurization assembly are mounted on the lower end face, the autorotation-pressurization assembly is used for driving the grinding disc to autorotate and controlling grinding pressure, at least one flat rotating mechanism is further connected with a driving mechanism, and the lower end face rotates flatly relative to the upper end face under the driving of the driving mechanism.
Furthermore, the flat rotating mechanism is an eccentric rotating mechanism, the eccentric rotating mechanism comprises a flange and an eccentric boss, the flange is rotatably arranged on the upper end face, one end of the eccentric boss is deviated from the rotating center of the flange and is arranged on the flange, the other end of the eccentric boss is arranged on the lower end face, at least one eccentric rotating mechanism is further connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism drives the flange to rotate, and then the eccentric boss drives the lower end face to rotate flatly.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a speed reducer, wherein the motor is connected with the speed reducer and amplifies output torque.
Furthermore, a connecting shaft is arranged between the eccentric boss and the lower end face, the eccentric boss is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft through an unwinding bearing, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is installed on the lower end face through a rotating bearing.
Furthermore, the transverse eccentric distances of all the eccentric rotating mechanisms are the same, the lengths of all the eccentric rotating mechanisms are the same, and the polygon formed by the eccentric rotating centers of the upper end surface and the polygon formed by the connecting point centers of the lower end surface are identical.
Furthermore, a connecting interface is arranged on the upper end face, the planetary grinding tool is fixed with a processing device through the connecting interface, and the processing device drives the planetary grinding tool to finish processing on a processed workpiece according to a programmed path.
Furthermore, the radial distance between the eccentric boss and the flange is adjusted, so that the eccentric distance of the flat rotation of the planetary grinding tool is adjusted.
Furthermore, the upper end face is provided with an opening for giving way to the horizontal rotation of the rotation-pressurization assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) after the parallel flat rotating structure is adopted, the number of the connecting points of the revolution and rotation systems is increased, the connecting strength is improved, the eccentric load is balanced, the operation is more stable, the rotating speed is higher, and the material removing efficiency is effectively increased;
(2) the compact design of the autorotation pressurizing mechanism and the flat rotating mechanism in the vertical direction shortens the length of the grinding tool; the distributed connection of parallel flat rotation provides a larger mounting platform for the self-rotation pressurizing mechanism, so that conditions are provided for mounting the self-rotation pressurizing mechanism with large torque, high rotating speed and high-precision force control;
(3) the parallel flat rotating structure can bring convenience of wiring, a conductive air guide sliding ring is not needed, a swinging arm is not needed, and connection can be completed by directly utilizing the flexibility of the wire tube.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planetary grinding tool based on a parallel flat rotation structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an eccentric rotating assembly;
the mark in the figure is: 1. a motor and a speed reducer; 2. an upper end surface; 3. an active eccentric rotating assembly; 4. a lower end face; 5. a grinding disk; 6. a connection interface; 7. a rotation-pressurization assembly; 8. a driven eccentric rotating assembly; 9. a flange; 10. unwinding the bearing; 11. a connecting shaft; 12. connecting a bearing; 13. an eccentric boss.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the planetary grinding tool based on the parallel flat rotation structure of the present embodiment includes a flat rotation system and a rotation-pressurization system. Wherein:
the flat rotating system comprises an upper end face 2 (namely a fixed end face of the parallel flat rotating mechanism), a lower end face 4 (namely a flat rotating table face of the parallel flat rotating mechanism) and a plurality of flat rotating mechanisms which are dispersedly connected in parallel between the upper end face 2 and the lower end face 4. In the invention, the flat rotating mechanism has the function of enabling the lower end surface 4 to horizontally rotate relative to the upper end surface 2 under the action of external driving force, so that at least one flat rotating mechanism is also connected with a driving mechanism, the flat rotating mechanism connected with the driving mechanism is an active flat rotating mechanism, and the lower end surface horizontally rotates relative to the upper end surface under the driving of the driving mechanism. It is understood that the structure capable of implementing the above-mentioned functions of the horizontal rotation mechanism is not limited to one, and any structure capable of implementing the functions is included in the scope of the present invention. In the invention, the number of the flat rotating mechanisms is at least 2, and the plurality of flat rotating mechanisms at least comprise one driving flat rotating mechanism, besides, the number and the types of the flat rotating mechanisms are not particularly limited, and it should be understood that more flat rotating mechanisms are introduced, which is beneficial to enhancing the connection strength, sharing the motion load and enabling the operation to be more stable. When only one driving flat rotating mechanism is arranged, the number of the driven flat rotating mechanisms is at least 1, preferably 2 in the embodiment, and 2 driven eccentric rotating assemblies 8 and 1 driving eccentric rotating assembly 3 form three points, so that the lower end surface 4 can be positioned better.
The autorotation-pressurization assembly 7 is arranged on the lower end face 4, the grinding disc 5 is arranged at the output end of the autorotation-pressurization assembly 7, and the autorotation-pressurization assembly 7 is used for driving the grinding disc 5 to autorotate and controlling grinding pressure simultaneously so as to realize quantitative removal of ground materials.
In the invention, as the plurality of rotating structures adopt a dispersed parallel connection mode, the number of the connecting points of the revolution and rotation systems is increased, the connecting strength is improved, the eccentric load is balanced, the operation is more stable, the rotating speed is higher, and the material removing efficiency is effectively increased. Because of adopting the dispersed parallel connection structure, a lower end flat rotating table top with enough space is provided, and a self-rotating pressurizing mechanism with large torque, high rotating speed and high-precision force control can be installed. The parallel flat rotating structure can bring convenience for wiring, the connection line of the rotation system and the pressurization system moves, but the cable cannot be twisted and broken due to flat rotation, the eccentric distance is small, and the connection line can be adapted through the flexibility of the cable, so that the connection line can be fixed after being connected by the length of 30 cm, a conductive air guide sliding ring is not needed, the design of a swing arm is not needed, and the connection can be completed by directly utilizing the flexibility of a wire pipe. The compact design of the autorotation pressurizing mechanism and the flat rotating mechanism in the vertical direction shortens the length of the grinding tool.
In this embodiment, the flat turning mechanism is preferably an eccentric rotating mechanism, wherein at least one eccentric rotating mechanism is further connected with a driving mechanism, the eccentric rotating mechanism connected with the driving mechanism is a driving eccentric rotating assembly 3, and the eccentric rotating mechanism not connected with the driving mechanism is a driven eccentric rotating assembly 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the preferred structure of the eccentric rotation mechanism includes a flange 9 and an eccentric boss 13, the flange 9 is rotatably mounted on the upper end surface 2, one end of the eccentric boss 13 is mounted on the flange 9 deviating from the rotation center of the flange 9, the eccentric distance is calculated in advance, and the other end is mounted on the lower end surface 4. Wherein, at least one eccentric rotary mechanism still is connected with actuating mechanism, and actuating mechanism drive flange 9 is rotatory, and then drives down terminal surface 4 through eccentric boss 13 and flat the rotation. The driving mechanism is preferably a motor and a speed reducer 1, a driving cable of the flat rotating motor is relatively fixed and can be directly connected, the motor is fixed on the upper end face 2 and is connected with the speed reducer, and an output shaft of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with a flange 9, so that output torque can be amplified. A connecting shaft 11 can be further arranged between the eccentric boss 13 and the lower end face 4, the eccentric boss 13 is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft 11 through a unwinding bearing 10 (in this embodiment, an angular contact ball bearing is specifically selected), and the lower end of the connecting shaft 11 is mounted on the lower end face 4 through a rotating bearing 12. Specifically, the eccentric boss 13 is sleeved on an inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing, an outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing is fixed with the connecting shaft 11, the lower end of the connecting shaft 11 is sleeved on an inner ring of the rotating bearing 12, and finally the lower end face 4 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the rotating bearing 12.
After the eccentric rotating mechanism is adopted, the eccentric distance can be conveniently adjusted. When the eccentric distance of the planet motion needs to be adjusted, the assembling positions between the eccentric bosses 13 of the eccentric rotating mechanisms and the flange 9 are adjusted one by one to the set radial distance, and the fastening is carried out. The eccentric wheel can be replaced, different eccentric distances can be realized by replacing the eccentric wheel, and different grinding processes can be applied.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the lateral eccentric distances of all the eccentric rotation mechanisms are the same, the lengths of all the eccentric rotation mechanisms are the same, and the polygon formed by the eccentric rotation center of the upper end surface and the polygon formed by the center of the connection point of the lower end surface are identical. Therefore, when the driving eccentric wheel rotates, the driven eccentric rotating mechanism restricts the driving eccentric wheel to only rotate horizontally, the rotating amplitude is the eccentric distance of the eccentric wheel, and the upper platform and the lower platform of the driving eccentric wheel are always parallel in horizontal rotation. When the driving eccentric wheel rotates, the driving eccentric wheel is restricted by the fixed driven eccentric rotating mechanism, only can rotate flatly, and the rotating amplitude of the driving eccentric wheel is the eccentric distance of the eccentric wheel. In particular, the structure in fig. 1 also needs to satisfy the following points:
1. the lateral eccentric distance of the main and auxiliary eccentric rotating components is designed to be the same, i.e., | aa ' | bb ' | cc ' | non-conducting light in fig. 1
2. The length of the eccentric shafts is also the same, i.e. in fig. 1, | Aa | + | a ' a | Bb | + | B ' B | Cc | + | C ' C |;
3. the triangle formed by the eccentric rotation center A, B, C of the plane at the upper end of the flat rotation and the triangle formed by the connection points A ', B ' and C ' of the plane at the lower end should be equal, that is
After the connection interface 6 shown in fig. 1 is arranged on the upper end surface 2, the planetary grinding tool can be connected with a processing device through the connection interface 6, and the processing device drives the planetary grinding tool to complete processing on a processed workpiece according to a programmed path.
The upper end face 2 may further be provided with an opening (shown as a circular opening in fig. 1) as shown in fig. 1, the opening is used for giving way to the horizontal rotation of the rotation-pressurization assembly 7, and the size of the opening is matched with the rotation mechanism and the eccentric distance, so that the rotation mechanism does not interfere with the fixed end face when performing the horizontal rotation, and the rotation mechanism has more installation space in the vertical direction. Meanwhile, the design can enable the autorotation and flat rotation mechanisms to reuse the same vertical space, shorten the length of the grinding tool and increase the rigidity of the tool.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a planet grinding tool based on parallelly connected flat structure that turns to which characterized in that: the rotary mechanism comprises an upper end face (2), a lower end face (4) and a plurality of flat rotating mechanisms dispersedly connected in parallel between the upper end face (2) and the lower end face (4), wherein the flat rotating mechanisms are eccentric rotating mechanisms, the transverse eccentric distances of all the eccentric rotating mechanisms are the same, the lengths of all the eccentric rotating mechanisms are the same, a polygon formed by the eccentric rotating centers of the upper end faces is congruent with a polygon formed by the centers of connecting points of the lower end face, each eccentric rotating mechanism comprises a flange (9) and an eccentric boss (13), the flange (9) is rotatably arranged on the upper end face (2), one end of each eccentric boss (13) deviates from the rotating center of the flange (9) and is arranged on the flange (9), the other end of each eccentric rotating mechanism is arranged on the lower end face (4), at least one eccentric rotating mechanism is further connected with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the flange (9) to rotate, and then through eccentric boss (13) drive down terminal surface (4) flat rotation, install abrasive disc (5) and rotation-pressure assembly (7) on terminal surface (4) down, rotation-pressure assembly (7) are used for driving abrasive disc (5) rotation and are used for controlling grinding pressure, be provided with the trompil that is used for stepping down for the flat rotation of rotation-pressure assembly (7) on up end (2), still be connected with actuating mechanism on at least one flat rotation mechanism, under actuating mechanism's drive, terminal surface (4) do the flat rotation for up end (2) down.
2. A planetary grinding tool based on parallel flat rotation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a speed reducer (1), wherein the motor is connected with the speed reducer and amplifies output torque.
3. A planetary grinding tool based on parallel flat rotation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: a connecting shaft (11) is arranged between the eccentric boss (13) and the lower end face (4), the eccentric boss (13) is connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft (11) through a unwinding bearing (10), and the lower end of the connecting shaft (11) is installed on the lower end face (4) through a rotating bearing (12).
4. A planetary grinding tool based on parallel flat rotation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end face (2) is provided with a connecting interface (6), the planetary grinding tool is fixed with a machining device through the connecting interface (6), and the machining device drives the planetary grinding tool to complete machining on a machined workpiece according to a well-woven path.
5. A planetary grinding tool based on parallel flat rotation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the eccentric distance of the flat rotation of the planetary grinding tool is adjusted by adjusting the radial distance between the eccentric boss (13) and the flange (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011136061.2A CN112247735B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Planet grinding tool based on parallel flat rotating structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011136061.2A CN112247735B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Planet grinding tool based on parallel flat rotating structure |
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| CN112247735A CN112247735A (en) | 2021-01-22 |
| CN112247735B true CN112247735B (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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| CN202011136061.2A Active CN112247735B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Planet grinding tool based on parallel flat rotating structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113001325B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Array grinding method based on active pressure modulation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2827769B2 (en) * | 1992-11-26 | 1998-11-25 | 信越半導体株式会社 | Wafer chamfer polishing machine |
| CN2370998Y (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-03-29 | 大庆石油管理局钻井生产技术服务公司 | Grinder for cylinder open of T815 engine |
| CN101823224A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2010-09-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Planetary wheel numerical control polishing removal function generator |
| CN102059638B (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2012-09-05 | 苏州大学 | Method for polishing computer-controlled gadget |
| CN204686644U (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-10-07 | 安庆市吉飞软件开发有限公司 | Analysis of lapping machine for end-face of optical fiber connector |
| CN206425933U (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-08-22 | 南阳中一光学装备有限公司 | Flat bottom convolution polishing machine and Apparatus for processing lens |
| JP6986930B2 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2021-12-22 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Substrate polishing equipment and polishing method |
| CN110587486A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-20 | 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 | Grinding jig, grinding device containing grinding jig and grinding method |
| CN110948380B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-05-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Planet grinding device and removal function optimization method thereof |
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