CN112245504A - 提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚在降血脂产品中的应用 - Google Patents
提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚在降血脂产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于降血脂的保健食品或药品的技术领域，公开了提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚在降血脂产品中的应用。本发明将改性茶多酚用于制备具有降血脂功效的产品，所述改性茶多酚通过以下方法制备得到：采用酸酐与茶多酚进行酰化反应，后续处理，得到提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚；所述酸酐为顺丁烯二酸酐、衣康酸酐或柠康酸酐中一种以上。本发明通过酸酐改性茶多酚提升了茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸收能力，提高了降血脂功能的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健食品或药品领域，具体涉及一种能够提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚在制备具有降血脂功能产品中的应用。
背景技术
高血脂主要是由血液中胆固醇、甘油三脂的含量增高或是两者皆高于正常值上限而引起的一种病症，是引起人类动脉粥样硬化性疾病的主要危险因素，例如心肌梗塞、心绞痛及猝死、脑梗塞以及周围血管血栓栓塞性疾病。如同时伴有低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高或高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低时危险性更大。高血脂已成为我国中老年人常见病症之一，且近年来患者年轻化趋势明显。
茶多酚是一类存在于茶叶中的多羟基酚类化合物，是茶叶中30多种酚类成分的总称。一般茶多酚在干茶叶中的质量分数约为12％～25％，包括黄烷醇、黄酮醇、黄酮、花青素、酚酸等。茶多酚大量地存在于茶叶中，作为茶叶中的主要活性成分，已被证实具有较好的心血管保护作用，近年来也有不少文献、专利将茶多酚复配制备降血脂药物。
目前常用的降脂药物主要有他汀类和贝特类两大类，他汀类药物潜在的肝脏毒性可影响其长期使用，常见不良反应有胃肠道反应、肌疼、皮疹及转氨酶升高，停药后多可恢复；贝特类药物主要不良反应有恶心、腹胀、腹泻等，也有肌疼、皮疹及转氨酶升高等症状，肝肾功能不全、孕妇及哺乳期妇女忌用。因此，寻求一种高效、安全且更易被大众接受的以天然植物提取成分制成的降血脂药物具有重要意义。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚的应用。本发明通过采用酸酐(如：顺丁烯二酸酐)对茶多酚进行改性，提高了茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸附能力，改善了茶多酚降血脂的效果。本发明的改性茶多酚用于制备具有降血脂功效的产品，包括具有降血脂功效保健品或具有降血脂功效药品，特别是能够提高胆酸盐吸附能力的降血脂产品或制剂。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚在制备具有降血脂功效的产品或制剂中的应用；所述改性茶多酚通过以下方法制备得到：采用酸酐与茶多酚进行酰化反应，后续处理，得到提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚；所述酸酐为顺丁烯二酸酐、衣康酸酐或柠康酸酐中一种以上。
所述茶多酚与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1：(1～4)。
所述酰化反应在有机溶剂和催化剂的条件下进行；所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯、石油醚、硝基苯、四氢呋喃、甲醇中一种以上；所述催化剂为吡啶、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、二甲基二氯化锡、4-二甲氨基吡啶、碳酸钠中一种以上。
所述催化剂与茶多酚的质量比为(0.5～1.5)：1。
所述有机溶剂与茶多酚的用量比为(20～80)mL：1g。
所述酰化反应的温度为40～60℃，酰化反应的时间为4～7h。
所述后续处理是指反应后，将上清液采用水、饱和碳酸氢钠以及饱和氯化钠依次进行洗涤，将上清液旋转蒸发，预冻，真空冷冻干燥。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过酸酐改性茶多酚提升了茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸收能力，进而达到提高降血脂功能的效果。
附图说明
图1为混合胆酸盐吸收标准曲线；
图2为实施例1和实施例2中改性茶多酚对混合胆酸盐的结合情况柱状图；(a)对应实施例2，(b)对应实施例1；
图3为实施例3中不同改性剂改性茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸收柱状图；
图4为实施例4中改性茶多酚、改性EGCG对胆酸盐的吸收情况柱状图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细地描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
TU-1900PC型紫外-可见分光光度计：北京普析通用仪器有限责任公司。
茶多酚：广东省农业科学院。胆酸钠、甘胺胆酸钠、牛磺胆酸钠、顺丁烯二酸酐、吡啶、硫酸、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钠等，分析纯，购买得到。
胆酸盐吸收能力的测定：
(1)胆酸盐标准曲线
分别称取一定量的胆酸钠、甘氨胆酸钠、牛磺胆酸钠，用0.05mol/L、pH＝6.3的磷酸缓冲液配置成0.5mmol/L的胆酸盐溶液，再将三种胆酸盐溶液等体积混合得混合胆酸钠。分别取0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5mL混合胆酸钠于试管中，以pH＝6.8的磷酸缓冲液定容至2.5mL，再向试管中加入7.5mL质量分数60％的硫酸混匀后70℃水浴加热20min，冰浴5min，离心，取上清液，紫外分光光度法387nm波长处测定吸光度。以混合胆酸钠含量为横坐标、吸光度为纵坐标绘制标准曲线。标准曲线见图1。图1的混合胆酸盐标准曲线中R2＝0.9974，相关度较好。
(2)待测物质对胆酸盐的吸附能力测定
(2-1)配制0.1mol/L pH6.8的磷酸缓冲液，再用磷酸缓冲液分别配制0.5mmol/L的胆酸钠、牛磺胆酸钠和甘氨胆酸钠溶液，将三种胆酸钠溶液等体积混合得混合胆酸钠溶液；
(2-2)准确称取0.07g待测物质(如：改性茶多酚)于试管中，加入2mL0.01mol/L的盐酸溶液，37℃恒温震荡1h；用氢氧化钠调节pH至6.8，加入5mL10mg/mL的胰酶，37℃恒温震荡1h；向试管中分别加入8mL加入胆酸钠溶液、牛磺胆酸钠溶液、甘氨胆酸钠溶液和混合胆酸钠溶液，37℃恒温震荡1h；8000r/min离心25min；取2.5mL上清液于试管中，加入7.5mL质量分数60％的硫酸，混匀后70℃水浴加热20min，取出迅速冰浴5min；8000r/min离心25min，紫外分光光度法387nm波长处测定上清液吸光度，取三组数据平均值；根据标准曲线计算上清液剩余胆酸盐含量，以加入胆酸盐量减去剩余量即得吸收胆酸盐量。
M＝(Mt-M')/m
M—改性茶多酚对胆酸盐的结合量，μmol/g
Mt—加入总胆酸盐含量，μmol
M'—上清液剩余胆酸盐含量，μmol
m—改性茶多酚质量，g。
实施例1茶多酚：顺丁烯二酸酐摩尔比1：2制备改性茶多酚
改性茶多酚的制备：将1g茶多酚(茶多酚的平均分子量为434.436)，溶解于50mL的乙酸乙酯中，充分溶解后，加入顺丁烯二酸酐(茶多酚与顺丁烯二酸酐的摩尔比为1:2)及1mL吡啶，50℃水浴反应5h，反应完成后取上清液于分液漏斗中，分别以10mL蒸馏水洗涤5次、10mL饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至洗涤液几乎无色，5mL饱和氯化钠洗涤2次，清洗完成后取上清液于容器中，旋转蒸发仪50℃旋蒸至蒸干，加入适量蒸馏水，继续旋蒸至余少量液体后倒入洁净容器中，-20℃预冻，完成后进行真空冷冻干燥，获得改性茶多酚，低温密封保存。
本实施例中茶多酚纯度为98％，采用高效液相色谱法分别与EGCG(表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)、ECG、GCG、CAF、EC、EGC、C标品进行对比分析，得其质量百分含量分别为EGCG69.25％、ECG 21.04％、GCG 4.21％、CAF2.42％、EC 1.67％、EGC 1.05％、C 0.36％。
实施例2茶多酚：顺丁烯二酸酐摩尔比1：4制备改性茶多酚
改性茶多酚的制备：将1g茶多酚(茶多酚的平均分子量为434.436)，溶解于50mL的乙酸乙酯中，充分溶解后，加入顺丁烯二酸酐(茶多酚与顺丁烯二酸酐的摩尔比为1:4)及1mL吡啶，50℃水浴反应5h，反应完成后取上清液于分液漏斗中，分别以10mL蒸馏水洗涤5次、10mL饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至洗涤液几乎无色，5mL饱和氯化钠洗涤2次，清洗完成后取上清液于容器中，旋转蒸发仪50℃旋蒸至蒸干，加入适量蒸馏水，继续旋蒸至余少量液体后倒入洁净容器中，-20℃预冻，完成后进行真空冷冻干燥，获得改性茶多酚，低温密封保存。
实施例3不同酸酐改性
改性茶多酚的制备：将1g茶多酚溶解于50mL的乙酸乙酯中，充分溶解后，加入酸酐(茶多酚与酸酐的摩尔比为1:2，酸酐为顺丁烯二酸酐或衣康酸酐或柠康酸酐)及1mL吡啶，50℃水浴反应5h，反应完成后取上清液于分液漏斗中，分别以10mL蒸馏水洗涤5次、10mL饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至洗涤液几乎无色，5mL饱和氯化钠洗涤2次，清洗完成后取上清液于容器中，旋转蒸发仪50℃旋蒸至蒸干，加入适量蒸馏水，继续旋蒸至余少量液体后倒入洁净容器中，-20℃预冻，完成后进行真空冷冻干燥，获得改性茶多酚，低温密封保存。
实施例4(酸酐改性不同多酚)
改性茶多酚或改性EGCG的制备：将1g茶多酚或EGCG溶解于50mL的乙酸乙酯中，充分溶解后，加入顺丁烯二酸酐(茶多酚与顺丁烯二酸酐的摩尔比为1:2)及1mL吡啶，50℃水浴反应5h，反应完成后取上清液于分液漏斗中，分别以10mL蒸馏水洗涤5次、10mL饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至洗涤液几乎无色，5mL饱和氯化钠洗涤2次，清洗完成后取上清液于容器中，旋转蒸发仪50℃旋蒸至蒸干，加入适量蒸馏水，继续旋蒸至余少量液体后倒入洁净容器中，-20℃预冻，完成后进行真空冷冻干燥，获得改性茶多酚或改性EGCG，低温密封保存。
性能测试：
图2为实施例1(1:2改性茶多酚)和实施例2(1:4改性茶多酚)中改性茶多酚对混合胆酸盐的结合情况柱状图。由图可知，改性茶多酚对混合胆酸盐的吸收明显高于茶多酚，运用SPSS软件分析发现，不同摩尔质量比制备的改性茶多酚对混合胆酸盐的吸收能力存在显著性差异(p＜0.05)，摩尔质量比为1:4时吸收能力更佳。这表明通过改性确实可提高茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸收能力。
图3为实施例3中不同改性剂改性茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸收柱状图。顺丁烯二酸酐、衣康酸酐改性茶多酚对之间无显著性差异，二者与柠康酸酐改性茶多酚存在明显差异。但改性茶多酚对混合胆酸盐的吸收均明显优于未改性茶多酚。说明通过酸酐改性确实可提高茶多酚对胆酸盐的吸附能力。
图4为实施例4中改性茶多酚、改性EGCG对胆酸盐的吸收情况柱状图。1:2改性茶多酚，1:2改性EGCG分别对应改性茶多酚和改性EGCG，茶多酚、EGCG表示为改性的两种物质对胆酸盐的吸附。图中由图可得，顺丁烯二酸酐改性后的茶多酚、EGCG对混合胆酸盐得吸收明显增加(P＜0.05)，较未改性前分别提高了16.76％、7.94％。顺丁烯二酸酐改性可以较好的提高茶多酚对胆酸盐得吸附能力。
Claims (7)
1.一种提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚在制备具有降血脂功效的产品中的应用，其特征在于：所述改性茶多酚通过以下方法制备得到：采用酸酐与茶多酚进行酰化反应，后续处理，得到提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚；所述酸酐为顺丁烯二酸酐、衣康酸酐或柠康酸酐中一种以上。
2.根据权利要求1的应用，其特征在于：所述茶多酚与酰化试剂的摩尔比为1：(1～4)。
3.根据权利要求1的应用，其特征在于：所述酰化反应在有机溶剂和催化剂的条件下进行；所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯、石油醚、硝基苯、四氢呋喃、甲醇中一种以上；所述催化剂为吡啶、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、二甲基二氯化锡、4-二甲氨基吡啶、碳酸钠中一种以上。
4.根据权利要求3的应用，其特征在于：所述催化剂与茶多酚的质量比为(0.5～1.5)：1；
所述有机溶剂与茶多酚的用量比为(20～80)mL：1g。
5.根据权利要求1的应用，其特征在于：所述酰化反应的温度为40～60℃，酰化反应的时间为4～7h。
6.根据权利要求1的应用，其特征在于：所述后续处理是指反应后，将上清液采用水、饱和碳酸氢钠以及饱和氯化钠依次进行洗涤，将上清液旋转蒸发，预冻，真空冷冻干燥。
7.根据权利要求1的应用，其特征在于：所述提高胆酸盐吸附能力的改性茶多酚用于制备能够提高胆酸盐吸附能力的降血脂产品或制剂。
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