CN112242604A - Horizontal polarization antenna - Google Patents
Horizontal polarization antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112242604A CN112242604A CN201910656583.6A CN201910656583A CN112242604A CN 112242604 A CN112242604 A CN 112242604A CN 201910656583 A CN201910656583 A CN 201910656583A CN 112242604 A CN112242604 A CN 112242604A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
Abstract
The application discloses horizontal polarization antenna belongs to wireless communication technical field, including radiation substrate, antenna radiator and feed network, wherein, radiation substrate includes relative first surface and second surface to and, be equipped with the center pin of central feed port, central feed port runs through the center pin, feed network runs through radiation substrate's first surface and second surface, antenna radiator includes at least one bisymmetry array, and its level sets up in radiation substrate's second surface. Because the antenna radiator is horizontally arranged on the surface of the radiation substrate, the antenna has the characteristics of low profile, simple structure and easy processing and assembly, and meanwhile, the double-symmetric array has the characteristic of wide frequency band. Therefore, the combination of the double-symmetric array and the feed network structure enables the antenna to have broadband characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a horizontally polarized antenna.
Background
The antennas have different radiation and receiving capabilities in different directions in space, and can be divided into an omnidirectional antenna and a directional antenna according to the difference of the directivity. The omnidirectional antenna is a non-directional uniform radiation with 360 degrees on a horizontal plane, and a beam with a certain width is represented on a vertical plane, and generally, the smaller the lobe width is, the larger the gain is.
The omnidirectional antenna comprises a horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna and a vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna, wherein the horizontal polarization antenna is an antenna with the antenna polarization direction in the horizontal direction, and the existing horizontal polarization omnidirectional antenna has the problems of complex structure, poor effect of transmitting and receiving radio signals, large structural volume and the like.
With the development of mobile communication, the frequency band used by the system is continuously expanded, the frequency bands of second generation, third generation and fourth generation mobile communication are widely covered, and the antenna capable of covering a wide frequency band has important application value in order to meet the requirements of different frequency bands.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a horizontally polarized antenna to overcome the problem of narrow working frequency band of the antenna in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the application provides a horizontal polarization antenna, which comprises a radiation substrate, a feed network and an antenna radiator; wherein:
the radiating substrate comprises a first surface, a second surface and a central shaft, wherein the first surface and the second surface are opposite, and the central shaft is provided with a central feed port; the central feed port penetrates through the central shaft;
the feed network penetrates through the first surface and the second surface of the radiation substrate and comprises a common ground module and at least one microstrip balun branch provided with an open-circuit terminal structure; the microstrip balun branch is horizontally arranged on the first surface of the radiation substrate; the common module is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate, and the microstrip balun branch is communicated with the common module through the central shaft; the feed network feeds power through the central feed port;
the antenna radiator comprises at least one double-symmetrical array; the at least one double-symmetrical array is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate and is electrically connected with the common module;
in one embodiment, the feed network is a feed network comprising four microstrip balun branches; the four microstrip balun branches are uniformly and symmetrically distributed around the center of the first surface of the radiation substrate.
In one embodiment, each microstrip balun branch is provided with a plurality of impedance transformation sections and the open-ended structure, which are connected in sequence.
In one embodiment, the antenna radiator comprises four of the dual symmetric elements; the common module is in a symmetrical shape taking the central position of the second surface of the radiation substrate as the center and is provided with four communication parts;
two arms of each double-symmetric array are electrically connected to each communication part of the common ground module respectively; the four bisymmetrical arrays are sequentially connected to form a circular ring shape and distributed on the outer side of the shared module.
In one embodiment, the double symmetric array is a sector active double symmetric array; the fan-shaped active double-symmetric array comprises a low-frequency active symmetric array and a high-frequency active symmetric array; and the two arms of the low-frequency active symmetric array and the two arms of the high-frequency active symmetric array are distributed outside the shared module in parallel.
In one embodiment, the length of the fan-shaped active double symmetric array ranges from 0.18 lambda to 0.3 lambda;
and λ is the air wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency of the fan-shaped active double-symmetric array.
In one embodiment, the second surface of the radiating substrate is further provided with at least one reflector, and the reflector is horizontally arranged between the antenna radiator and the common ground module.
In one embodiment, the second surface of the radiation substrate is further provided with at least one director group, and the director group is horizontally arranged between the antenna radiator and the edge of the second surface of the radiation substrate.
In one embodiment, each of the director groups includes three directors; two directors are respectively arranged between each fan-shaped active double-symmetric array and the edge of the second surface of the radiation substrate in parallel; and one director is arranged between every two fan-shaped active double-symmetrical arrays.
In one embodiment, the radiating substrate is a circular printed circuit board.
The embodiment of the application adopts at least one technical scheme which can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the horizontally polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a radiation substrate, an antenna radiator and a feed network, wherein the radiation substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, a central shaft provided with a central feed port, the central feed port penetrates through the central shaft, the feed network penetrates through the first surface and the second surface of the radiation substrate, and the antenna radiator comprises at least one double-symmetric array which is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate. Because the antenna radiator is horizontally arranged on the surface of the radiation substrate, the antenna has the characteristics of low profile, simple structure and easy processing and assembly, and meanwhile, the double-symmetric array has the characteristic of wide frequency band. Therefore, the combination of the double-symmetric array and the feed network structure enables the antenna to have broadband characteristics.
Further, the horizontally polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application includes, in the feed network, at least one microstrip balun branch provided with an open-ended structure, where the microstrip balun branch is provided with an impedance transformation section, and due to the impedance characteristics of the microstrip balun branch, the broadband characteristic of the feed network is realized; in the antenna radiator, the lengths of the longer dipole and the shorter dipole are respectively influenced by the lower working frequency and the higher working frequency, so that the broadband characteristic of the radiation unit is realized, and compared with the planar double-symmetric array, the designed fan-shaped double-symmetric array further widens the width of a radiation beam; meanwhile, a reflector is horizontally arranged between the antenna radiating body and the common ground module, and a director is horizontally arranged on the outer side of the antenna radiating body, so that the reflector can reduce the electromagnetic waves in the incoming wave direction, and the director can enhance the electromagnetic waves in the incoming wave direction, therefore, the structure enables the gain and the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the antenna to be well optimized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a cross-sectional top view of a horizontally polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is another cross-sectional top view of a horizontally polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional top view of a horizontally polarized antenna according to another embodiment of the present application
Fig. 4 is a return loss diagram of a horizontally polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna in a vertical plane according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna in a horizontal plane according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional top view of a horizontally polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is another cross-sectional top view of a horizontally polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1-2, the antenna includes a radiation substrate 11, a feed network 12, and an antenna radiator 13;
a radiating substrate 11 including first and second opposing surfaces and a central axis 10 provided with a central feed port; the central feed port penetrates through the central shaft 10;
the feed network 12 penetrates through the first surface and the second surface of the radiation substrate 11, and comprises a common module 122 and at least one microstrip balun branch 121 provided with an open-ended structure; the microstrip balun branch 121 is horizontally arranged on the first surface of the radiation substrate 11; the common module 122 is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate 11, and the microstrip balun branches 121 are communicated with the common module 122 through the central shaft 10; the feed network 12 feeds power through a central feed port;
an antenna radiator 13 comprising at least one bi-symmetric element 131; at least one dual-symmetric array 131 is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiating substrate 11 and is electrically connected with the common ground module 122;
in this embodiment, the first surface may be an upper surface of the radiation substrate 11, and the second surface may be a lower surface of the radiation substrate 11.
The horizontally polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a radiation substrate, an antenna radiator and a feed network, wherein the radiation substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, a central shaft provided with a central feed port, the central feed port penetrates through the central shaft, the feed network penetrates through the first surface and the second surface of the radiation substrate, and the antenna radiator comprises at least one double-symmetric array which is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate. Because the antenna radiator is horizontally arranged on the surface of the radiation substrate, the antenna has the characteristics of low profile, simple structure and easy processing and assembly, and meanwhile, the double-symmetric array has the characteristic of wide frequency band. Therefore, the combination of the double-symmetric array and the feed network structure enables the antenna to have broadband characteristics.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the feeding network 12 may be a one-to-four annular feeding network (i.e., a one-to-four swastika-type feeding network) including the shared module 122 and four microstrip balun branches 121; the antenna radiator 13 may include four bi-symmetric elements 131; the radiating substrate 11 of the antenna may be a circular printed circuit board. In practical application, the feed network may be an N-one-to-one annular feed network including a plurality of microstrip balun branches; the antenna radiator may also comprise N double symmetric elements.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the central axis 10 is located at the center of the radiating substrate 11, and the central feeding port penetrates through the central axis 11 and extends to the first surface and the second surface of the radiating substrate 11; the microstrip balun branches of the feed network 12 are communicated with the common ground module through a central shaft 10; the feed network 12 feeds through a central feed port. Each microstrip balun branch is provided with a plurality of impedance transformation sections and a terminal open-circuit structure which are connected smoothly in sequence. The impedance conversion section is L-shaped, the open-ended structure is fan-shaped or triangular, and the fan-shaped or triangular open-ended structure is favorable for impedance matching and bandwidth expansion.
In this embodiment, the feeding network 12 is a ring-shaped feeding network. Taking the microstrip balun branches 121 as an example, each microstrip balun branch is provided with a first impedance transformation section 1211, a second impedance transformation section 1212, a third impedance transformation section 1213 and an open-ended structure 1214 which are smoothly connected in sequence, and the microstrip balun branches 121 continuously rotate by 90 ° around the center of the first surface of the radiation substrate 11 to form 4 microstrip baluns, which together form the annular feed network 12. Of course, the microstrip balun legs 121 may also be continuously rotated 360 °/n around the center of the first surface of the radiating substrate 11 to form an n-membered ring-shaped feeding network.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the common ground module 122 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 13; the common ground module 122 is symmetrical about the center of the second surface of the radiation substrate 11, and includes a common ground slot 123 and four common ground sub-modules, which may be four connected portions for electrically connecting with the antenna radiator 13; the antenna radiator 13 is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate 11 and comprises four double-symmetric arrays 131; the bi-symmetric array 131 may be a sector active bi-symmetric array 131; the sector active double-symmetric array 131 continuously rotates by 90 degrees around the center of the second surface of the radiation substrate 11 to form four sector active double-symmetric arrays, and the four sector active double-symmetric arrays are sequentially connected to form a circular ring shape and distributed outside the common module 122.
Taking the sector active double-symmetric array 131 as an example, each sector active double-symmetric array 131 respectively comprises a low-frequency active symmetric array and a high-frequency active symmetric array; two arms (1311 and 1314 shown in fig. 2) of the low-frequency active symmetric array and two arms (1312 and 1313 shown in fig. 2) of the high-frequency active symmetric array are arranged in parallel outside the common ground module 122, and the central symmetric position of the fan-shaped active symmetric array 131 is electrically connected with one of the communication parts of the common ground module 122.
In one embodiment, the length of the sector-shaped active double symmetric array 131 ranges from 0.18 λ to 0.3 λ, and preferably, the length of the sector-shaped active double symmetric array 131 ranges from 0.2 λ to 0.3 λ. Wherein:
lambda is the air wavelength, f is the lowest working frequency of the fan-shaped active double-symmetric array, and c is the air wave velocity.
In the above embodiment, the feed network includes four microstrip balun branches; the microstrip balun branches are provided with a terminal open-circuit structure and three impedance conversion sections, and the microstrip balun branches continuously rotate for 90 degrees around the center of the first surface of the radiation substrate to form 4 microstrip baluns, so that an annular feed network is formed together. Due to the impedance characteristics of the microstrip balun branches, the broadband characteristic of the feed network is realized. The antenna radiator comprises four fan-shaped active double-symmetrical arrays; the sector active double-symmetric array continuously rotates by 90 degrees around the center of the second surface of the radiation substrate to form 4 sector active double-symmetric arrays, and the four-element antenna radiator is formed together. Due to the combination of the antenna radiator and the annular feed network, the broadband characteristic of the antenna is realized. The sector active double-symmetrical array and the microstrip balun branches are rotated for 360 degrees/n around the center, so that the n-element omnidirectional antenna can be realized.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional top view of a horizontally polarized antenna according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the second surface of the radiation substrate 11 is provided with four reflectors 14 and four director groups 15, wherein each reflector 14 is horizontally disposed between the antenna radiator 13 and the common ground module 122; the director group 15 is horizontally disposed between the antenna radiator 13 and the edge of the second surface of the radiation substrate 11.
In one embodiment, each director group 15 includes three directors, and in the case of the director group 15 shown in fig. 3, 151, 152, and 153 are all directors included in the director group 15. Wherein the director 151 is disposed between the two fan-shaped active double symmetric arrays 131, and the director 152 and the director 153 are disposed in parallel between the fan-shaped active double symmetric arrays 131 and the edge of the second surface of the radiation substrate 11.
In this embodiment, a reflector is horizontally disposed between the antenna radiator and the common ground module, and a director is horizontally disposed between the antenna radiator and the edge of the second surface of the radiation substrate, so that the reflector can attenuate electromagnetic waves in the incoming wave direction, and the director can enhance the electromagnetic waves in the incoming wave direction, so that the gain and the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the antenna are both well optimized.
Fig. 4 is a schematic return loss diagram of a horizontally polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, where the horizontal axis represents frequency and the vertical axis represents return loss. As shown in fig. 4, the antenna return loss S11 is less than-10 dB over the f-2.54 × f band.
And, the relative bandwidth FBW of the antenna in the f-2.54 × f frequency band can be calculated by:
wherein: f. ofmaxThe highest operating frequency of the antenna; f. ofminThe lowest operating frequency of the antenna.
In this example, fmaxIs 2.54 f, fminF, the antenna thus obtained is in f-2The relative bandwidth in the 54 f band is 87%. It can be seen that the antenna in the present embodiment has a higher bandwidth and thus a better impedance characteristic under the condition of satisfying the omnidirectional radiation.
Fig. 5 is a radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna in a vertical plane according to an embodiment of the present application. In fig. 5, the outer circle scale indicates the angle, and the numbers "-3.00, -11.00, -19.00, -27.00" on the inner circle indicate the antenna gain. As can be seen from fig. 5, at the lowest operating frequency f, the maximum gain of the antenna is 0.2dB, and the radiation direction of the antenna is in an inverted "8" shape on the vertical plane, which represents the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the antenna on the vertical plane.
Fig. 6 is a radiation pattern of a horizontally polarized antenna in a horizontal plane according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 6, the outer circle scale indicates the angle, and the numbers "-9.00, -10.00, -20.00" on the inner circle indicate the gain. As can be seen from fig. 6, at the lowest operating frequency f, the maximum gain of the antenna is 0.2dB, the out-of-roundness is 0.85dB, and the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the antenna on the horizontal plane is represented.
It can be seen from the above embodiments that the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application not only has good impedance characteristics and broadband characteristics, but also has better antenna gain and omnidirectional radiation characteristics.
The antenna provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a mobile communication system and a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). In mobile communication, since a long Term evolution (lte) (long Term evolution) system has a higher data rate and a wider spectrum width, the antenna provided by the embodiment can be used for an outdoor macro base station and indoor coverage. In wireless body area networks, low power consumption and small battery requirements are needed due to the high power that can raise the temperature of body tissues. The ultra-wideband is a low power consumption technology, so that the antenna applying the ultra-wideband technology in the embodiment can prevent high-power signals from being transmitted through a human body, and further protect the human body. Furthermore, the ultra-wideband antenna in the embodiment is suitable for wearable systems, and can also be applied to radar positioning, detection, vehicle-mounted and airborne radar systems and the like. In addition, because the ultra-wideband antenna in the embodiment has strong penetration capability, the position of an enemy army can be accurately positioned and tracked when the enemy army is in battle, and mines and hidden bodies under the ground of the enemy army can be detected, so that the number of casualties is reduced.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A horizontal polarization antenna is characterized by comprising a radiation substrate, a feed network and an antenna radiator; wherein:
the radiating substrate comprises a first surface, a second surface and a central shaft, wherein the first surface and the second surface are opposite, and the central shaft is provided with a central feed port; the central feed port penetrates through the central shaft;
the feed network penetrates through the first surface and the second surface of the radiation substrate and comprises a common ground module and at least one microstrip balun branch provided with an open-ended structure; the microstrip balun branch is horizontally arranged on the first surface of the radiation substrate; the common module is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate, and the microstrip balun branch is communicated with the common module through the central shaft; the feed network feeds power through the central feed port;
the antenna radiator comprises at least one double-symmetrical array; the at least one double-symmetrical array is horizontally arranged on the second surface of the radiation substrate and is electrically connected with the common ground module.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed network is a feed network comprising four of the microstrip balun branches; the four microstrip balun branches are uniformly and symmetrically distributed around the center of the first surface of the radiation substrate.
3. The antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein each microstrip balun branch is provided with a plurality of impedance transformation sections and the open-ended structure, which are sequentially connected.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna radiator comprises four of the dual symmetric elements; the common module is in a symmetrical shape taking the central position of the second surface of the radiation substrate as the center and is provided with four communication parts;
two arms of each double-symmetric array are electrically connected to each communication part of the common ground module respectively; the four bisymmetrical arrays are sequentially connected to form a circular ring shape and distributed on the outer side of the shared module.
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein the dual symmetric array is a sector active dual symmetric array; the fan-shaped active double-symmetric array comprises a low-frequency active symmetric array and a high-frequency active symmetric array; and the two arms of the low-frequency active symmetric array and the two arms of the high-frequency active symmetric array are distributed outside the shared module in parallel.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the sector active dual symmetric array has a length in the range of 0.18 λ -0.3 λ;
and λ is the air wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency of the fan-shaped active double-symmetric array.
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the second surface of the radiating substrate is further provided with at least one reflector, the reflector being horizontally disposed between the antenna radiator and the common ground module.
8. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the second surface of the radiating substrate is further provided with at least one set of directors, the set of directors being horizontally disposed between the antenna radiator and the edge of the second surface of the radiating substrate.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein each of the director groups includes three directors; two directors are respectively arranged between each fan-shaped active double-symmetric array and the edge of the second surface of the radiation substrate in parallel; and one director is arranged between every two fan-shaped active double-symmetrical arrays.
10. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating substrate is a circular printed circuit board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910656583.6A CN112242604A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Horizontal polarization antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910656583.6A CN112242604A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Horizontal polarization antenna |
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| CN112242604A true CN112242604A (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910656583.6A Pending CN112242604A (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Horizontal polarization antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114243280A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-25 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna and wireless communication device |
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| CN114243280A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-25 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna and wireless communication device |
| CN114243280B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-12-29 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna and wireless communication device |
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Application publication date: 20210119 |