CN114243280A - Ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna and wireless communication device - Google Patents
Ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna and wireless communication device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243280A CN114243280A CN202111668823.8A CN202111668823A CN114243280A CN 114243280 A CN114243280 A CN 114243280A CN 202111668823 A CN202111668823 A CN 202111668823A CN 114243280 A CN114243280 A CN 114243280A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna and wireless communication equipment, which comprise a reflecting plate and a plurality of basic radiating units; the basic radiation unit comprises a fixed structure, a radiation antenna group, at least one director and a feed structure. The fixed structure comprises a first radiation substrate and a second radiation substrate, the first radiation substrate and the second radiation substrate are vertically fixed on the reflecting plate and are in orthogonal distribution, the radiation antenna group comprises a first symmetric array and a second symmetric array, the first symmetric array is arranged on the first radiation substrate, the second symmetric array is arranged on the second radiation substrate, at least one director is arranged on the fixed structure, the feed structure comprises a first microstrip balun and a second microstrip balun, the first microstrip balun is coupled with the first symmetric array for feeding, and the second microstrip balun is coupled with the second symmetric array for feeding. The technical scheme of the invention aims to optimize the structure of the antenna, improve the working broadband range of the antenna and expand the application field of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna and wireless communication equipment.
Background
The wireless bridge device is a device for realizing communication among a plurality of remote networks by using a wireless transmission mode. An antenna is a device for radiating and receiving radio waves in a wireless network bridge, and its design has a great influence on the transmission of wireless signals. As in the antenna structure of the conventional design described in patent publication No. CN203871474U, the antenna array sub-group of the antenna structure is fixed to a reflection plate, and the antenna array sub-group is fed by a feeder line in a parallel feed manner. The working frequency band of the antenna is 5000Hz to 6000MHz, the gain reaches 16dBi, the horizontal half-power included angle is larger than or equal to 120 degrees, and the vertical half-power included angle is 8 to 10 degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna, aiming at optimizing the structure of the antenna, improving the working broadband range of the antenna and expanding the application field of the antenna.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna, which includes a reflection plate and a plurality of basic radiation units arranged at intervals;
the basic radiation unit includes:
the fixing structure comprises a first radiation substrate and a second radiation substrate, the first radiation substrate and the second radiation substrate are vertically fixed on the reflecting plate and are in orthogonal distribution, and the first radiation substrate and the second radiation substrate are provided with a length direction and a height direction;
the radiation antenna group comprises a first symmetric array and a second symmetric array, the first symmetric array is arranged on the first radiation substrate, and the second symmetric array is arranged on the second radiation substrate;
at least one director, at least one director is arranged on the fixed structure; and
the feed structure comprises a first microstrip balun and a second microstrip balun, the first microstrip balun is coupled with the first symmetric array for feeding, and the second microstrip balun is coupled with the second symmetric array for feeding.
In an embodiment of the invention, the director has a length direction extending along a height direction of the first and/or second radiating substrate;
an impedance gap is arranged between two ends of the director in the length direction so as to form a first impedance transformation section and a second impedance transformation section which are arranged at intervals.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first impedance transformation section and the second impedance transformation section have the same length.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the directors is two;
the two directors are arranged on the first radiation substrate and are symmetrical along the length direction of the first radiation substrate;
or, the two directors are both arranged on the second radiation substrate, and are symmetrical along the length direction of the second radiation substrate;
or, one of the directors is arranged on the first radiation substrate, and the other director is arranged on the second radiation substrate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the directors is four;
the first radiation substrate is provided with two directors, and the two directors are symmetrical along the length direction of the first radiation substrate;
the second radiation substrate is provided with two directors, and the two directors are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the second radiation substrate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, each of the first microstrip balun and the second microstrip balun is provided with a plurality of impedance transformation segments and an open-ended structure, which are sequentially connected, and the open-ended structure is disposed away from the reflection plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first symmetric array and the second symmetric array each include two symmetrically arranged radiation conductors;
the radiation conductor is provided with a feed section, a transition section and an extension section which are connected in sequence, the feed section is connected with the feed structure in a coupling feed mode and extends along the height direction of the radiation substrate, the transition section is arranged in a bending mode, and the extension section extends towards the length direction of the radiation substrate.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of each of the first symmetric array and the second symmetric array ranges from 0.2 λ to 0.3 λ.
In an embodiment of the invention, in the orthographic projection of the first radiation substrate and the second radiation substrate on the reflection plate, an included angle of 45 ° is formed between a length direction of the first radiation substrate and a length direction of the second radiation substrate and an edge line of the reflection plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reflection plate has a length direction and a width direction, and a plurality of the basic radiation units are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the reflection plate;
the ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna also comprises two power dividers, the two power dividers are arranged on the reflecting plate, and one power divider is respectively coupled with the first microstrip balun in each basic radiating unit for feeding;
and the other power divider is respectively coupled with the second microstrip balun in each basic radiating element for feeding.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the power divider is an 1/16T-type power divider.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a beam width of the basic radiating element is greater than 150 °, a frequency band range of the ultra-wideband wide-beam dual-polarized antenna is 4400 to 6200MHz, a return loss is < -20dB, a 3dB beam width is greater than 120 °, and an antenna gain is greater than 18 dB.
The invention also provides wireless communication equipment which comprises the ultra-wideband wide-beam dual-polarized antenna.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna comprises a reflecting plate and a basic radiation unit. The basic radiation unit comprises a fixed structure, a radiation antenna group, at least one director and a feed structure. The fixed knot constructs including all inserting perpendicularly and establishing first radiation base plate and the second radiation base plate of fixing on the reflecting plate, and first radiation base plate and second radiation base plate are the orthogonal distribution, and first radiation base plate and second radiation base plate provide fixed carrier for radiation antenna group and director, make things convenient for the fixed mounting of radiation antenna group and director, have also promoted radiation antenna group, director fixed reliability. The feed structure in the basic radiation unit comprises a first microstrip balun and a second microstrip balun, the first microstrip balun is coupled with the first symmetric array for feeding, and the second microstrip balun is coupled with the second symmetric array for feeding. The microstrip balun structure can realize the conversion from unbalance to balance of the radiating antenna element, and can greatly improve the frequency band broadband of the antenna. The director is arranged on the fixed structure, and the director can play a role in enhancing the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the side direction or emitted to the side direction, so that the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna is improved, the antenna can be suitable for more application scenes, and the application field of the antenna is expanded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a basic radiating element of an ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a radiating substrate of a basic radiating element of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the radiating substrate of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of another radiating substrate of a basic radiating element of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the radiating substrate of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a feeding network of a substrate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the S-parameter (impedance matching process) of the basic radiating element;
FIG. 9 is a radiation pattern of a basic radiating element;
FIG. 10 is a parameter diagram of a T-type power divider S;
FIG. 11 is a phase diagram of a T-shaped power divider;
fig. 12 is a diagram of S parameters after sixteen elementary radiating element arrays;
fig. 13 is a radiation gain diagram after sixteen elementary radiation unit arrays.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout is to include three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B," including either the A or B arrangement, or both A and B satisfied arrangement. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms referred to in the present invention are explained as follows:
an antenna: refers to a device for radiating and receiving radio waves in a radio technology equipment.
Wide beam antenna: the included angle of two directions is that the radiation power is reduced by 3dB at two sides of the maximum radiation direction.
Polarization: generally refers to the change rule of the electric field vector end generated on a given working frequency point and a space observation point along with the time.
Dual polarization: generally, the two polarization modes of radiation or reception are in the forms of vertical/horizontal dual polarization and +/-45 DEG dual polarization, and the two polarization modes generally have orthogonal characteristics. Meanwhile, the theory of the antenna can know that two polarized waves with orthogonal characteristics do not interfere with each other.
Symmetric arrays: the two parts are equal in length and the center is disconnected and connected with a feed wire, which can be used as a transmitting and receiving antenna, so the antenna formed by the two parts is called a symmetrical antenna, and the symmetrical antenna is also called a symmetrical dipole because the antenna is also called a dipole.
A guiding device: and the active array is positioned at one side of the active array, so that the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the direction of the side or emitted to the direction can be enhanced.
Gain: the ratio of the radiation intensity of the antenna in a specific direction to the radiation intensity of the same power uniformly radiated to the space.
Bandwidth: the antenna is in a band, and if other electrical performance parameters can meet the given index requirements, the band is named as the bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna bandwidth can be divided according to its concept into an absolute bandwidth (referring to the difference between two side frequencies within the operating band) and a relative bandwidth (referring to the ratio to the center frequency).
Ultra wide band: means that the relative bandwidth ratio is higher than 20% or the absolute bandwidth is larger than 0.5 GHz.
Array: in order to enhance the antenna directivity, an antenna system in which a plurality of radiating elements are arranged in a certain manner is called an antenna array.
The present invention provides an ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in an embodiment of an ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 according to the present invention, the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 includes a reflection plate 10 and a basic radiation unit (not shown);
the basic radiation unit includes:
a fixing structure 30, wherein the fixing structure 30 includes a first radiation substrate 31 and a second radiation substrate 33, the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 are both vertically fixed to the reflection plate 10 and orthogonally distributed, and the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 both have a length direction and a height direction;
the antenna comprises a radiation antenna group 50, wherein the radiation antenna group 50 comprises a first symmetric array 51 and a second symmetric array 53, the first symmetric array 51 is arranged on the first radiation substrate 31, and the second symmetric array 53 is arranged on the second radiation substrate 33;
at least one director 60, at least one of said directors 60 being provided to said fixed structure 30; and
a feeding structure 70, wherein the feeding structure 70 comprises a first microstrip balun 71 and a second microstrip balun 73, the first microstrip balun 71 is coupled to feed with the first symmetric array 51, and the second microstrip balun 73 is coupled to feed with the second symmetric array 53.
The ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 in the technical scheme of the invention comprises a reflecting plate 10 and a basic radiating unit. The basic radiation unit comprises a fixed structure 30, a radiation antenna group 50, at least one director 60 and a feed structure 70. The fixing structure 30 includes a first radiation substrate 31 and a second radiation substrate 33 both vertically inserted and fixed on the reflection plate 10, the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 are orthogonally distributed, the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 provide a fixed carrier for the radiation antenna group 50 and the director 60, so that the radiation antenna group 50 and the director 60 can be conveniently fixed and mounted, and the fixing reliability of the radiation antenna group 50 and the director 60 can be improved. The feed structure 70 in the basic radiation unit comprises a first microstrip balun 71 and a second microstrip balun 73, the first microstrip balun 71 is coupled with the first symmetric array 51 for feeding, and the second microstrip balun 73 is coupled with the second symmetric array 53 for feeding. The microstrip balun can realize the conversion from unbalance to balance of the radiating antenna element, and can greatly improve the frequency band broadband of the antenna.
The director 60 is disposed on the fixing structure 30, specifically, the director 60 may be disposed at an outer side of the radiation antenna group 50, or disposed at an inner side of the radiation antenna group 50. The director 60 is arranged outside the radiation antenna group 50, that is, the position of the director 60 is positioned at the periphery of two symmetrical arrays in the radiation antenna group 50; the director 60 is arranged inside the radiation antenna group 50, that is, the position of the director 60 is located between two symmetrical arrays in the radiation antenna group 50. The lead 60 may extend in a horizontal direction of the first or second radiation substrate 31 or 33, and the lead 60 may also extend in a vertical direction of the first or second radiation substrate 31 or 33. The phase of the current of the director 60 is ahead of that of the radiation antenna group 50, so that the director 60 can enhance the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the direction of the side or emitted to the direction, thereby improving the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna, enabling the antenna to be suitable for more application scenes, and expanding the application field of the antenna.
The reflector plate 10 provides a mounting carrier for the basic radiating element. The reflection plate 10 is provided with a circuit structure required for normal operation of each electronic device in the wireless communication apparatus. The shape of the reflection plate 10 may be a square plate having a length direction and a width direction, the shape of the reflection plate 10 may be other shapes than the square plate, and the shape of the reflection plate 10 is adapted to the housing of the wireless communication device, and the shape of the reflection plate 10 is not limited herein. The reflecting plate 10 is a flat plate body, and a plurality of insertion holes 11 matched with the fixing structure 30 are further arranged on the reflecting plate 10, so that the reflecting plate is simple in structure and easy to process.
The first radiation substrate 31 includes a first plate main body 311 and a first insertion block 313 connected to a side of the first plate main body 311, the side of the first plate main body 311 is provided with at least one first insertion block 313, and the first insertion block 313 is inserted into one insertion hole 11 to fix the first radiation substrate 31 and the reflection plate 10. In an embodiment, two first insertion blocks 313 may be disposed at intervals on the side of the first plate body 311 in the length direction, so as to improve the reliability of fixing the radiation substrate and the reflection plate 10 by disposing two first insertion blocks 313 at intervals on the side of the first plate body 311. The first radiation substrate 31 is a planar polygonal plate. Because the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 are orthogonally disposed, an avoiding groove 315 may be formed at the top of the first radiation substrate 31, and the second radiation substrate 33 is inserted into the avoiding groove 315, so as to implement orthogonal distribution of the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33.
The second radiation substrate 33 has a shape and a structure similar to those of the first radiation substrate 31, the second radiation substrate 33 includes a second plate main body 331 and a second insertion block 333 connected to a side of the second plate main body 331, and the second insertion block 333 is inserted into one insertion hole 11 to fix the second radiation substrate 33 and the reflection plate 10. In order to distinguish the first radiation substrate 31 from the second radiation substrate 33, a fool-proof structure may be provided on the second radiation substrate 33. The fool-proof structure may be that a different number of second insertion blocks 333 from the first radiation substrate 31 are provided at the side of the second plate main body 331. For example, when the number of the first insertion blocks 313 is two, the number of the second insertion blocks 333 is three. Therefore, the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 can be distinguished quickly, misassembly is avoided, the assembly efficiency between the first radiation substrate 31 and the reflection plate 10 and the assembly efficiency between the second radiation substrate 33 and the reflection plate 10 are improved, and on the other hand, the assembly accuracy and the reliability of fixing the second radiation substrate 33 and the reflection plate 10 can be improved by arranging a larger number of second insertion blocks 333.
The number of the insertion holes 11 provided in the reflection plate 10 is the sum of the number of the first insertion block 313 and the second insertion block 333, the shape of the insertion holes 11 is adapted to the first insertion block 313 and the second insertion block 333, and the extending direction of the insertion holes 11 is arranged corresponding to the extending direction of the first radiation substrate 31 and/or the second radiation substrate 33.
The reflection plate 10, the first radiation substrate 31, and the second radiation substrate 33 are all F4B plates (teflon glass cloth copper foil plates), and have a thickness of 20mi, a dielectric constant of 2.65, and a loss tangent of 0.001. The F4B board is made of high-quality material by lamination according to the electrical property requirement of the microwave circuit, has good electrical property and high mechanical strength, and is a good microwave printed circuit substrate.
The radiation antenna group 50 includes a first symmetric array 51 and a second symmetric array 53, and each of the first symmetric array 51 and the second symmetric array 53 includes two radiation conductors (not labeled) with equal shapes, the two radiation conductors are symmetrically distributed, and the two radiation conductors are disconnected. The shape of the radiation conductor may be in the form of an arm, or the shape of the radiation conductor may be in the form of a block, etc. The shape of the first symmetric array 51 and the shape of the second symmetric array 53 may be the same or slightly different, and a skilled person may adjust the shapes of the first symmetric array 51 and the second symmetric array 53 respectively according to actual requirements. The two radiation conductors in the first symmetric array 51 are disposed on the first radiation substrate 31, the center line of the first radiation substrate 31 in the length direction is the symmetry center, and the two radiation conductors in the first symmetric array 51 are fed by the first microstrip balun 71 in a coupling manner. Correspondingly, the two radiation conductors in the second symmetric array 53 are disposed on the second radiation substrate 33, the central line of the second radiation substrate 33 in the length direction is the symmetric center, and the two radiation conductors in the second symmetric array 53 are coupled and fed by using the second microstrip balun 73.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the first symmetric array 51 and the second symmetric array 53 each include two symmetrically arranged radiation conductors, each radiation conductor is provided with a feed section, a transition section and an extension section, which are connected in sequence, the feed section is coupled with the feed structure and is connected with the feed structure, and extends along the height direction of the radiation substrate, the transition section is bent, and the extension section extends towards the length direction of the radiation substrate.
In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, two radiation conductors of the first symmetric array 51 are respectively provided with a first feeding section 511, a first transition section 513 and a first extension section 515, which are connected in sequence, the first feeding section 511 is in feeding connection with the first microstrip balun 71, the first transition section 513 is connected with the first feeding section 511 and the first extension section 515, and the first extension section 515 extends toward the length direction of the first radiation substrate 31, so that the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the radiation conductors are stronger. Correspondingly, the two radiation conductors of the second symmetric array 53 are also provided with a second feed section 531, a second transition section 533 and a second extension section 535, which are connected in sequence, where the second feed section 531 is in feed connection with the second microstrip balun 73, the second transition section 533 is connected with the second feed section 531 and the second extension section 535, and the second extension section 535 extends toward the length direction of the second radiation substrate 33, so that the electromagnetic wave signals radiated by the radiation conductors are stronger, and the performance of the antenna is better.
In an embodiment of the invention, the length of the first symmetric array 51 and the length of the second symmetric array 53 both range from 0.2 λ to 0.3 λ. λ is the air wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency f.
The first microstrip balun 71 and the second microstrip balun 73 are respectively provided with a plurality of impedance transformation sections (not labeled) and an open-ended structure (not labeled) connected in sequence, and the open-ended structure is located at one end far away from the reflection plate 10. The first microstrip balun 71 and the second microstrip balun 73 are provided with a plurality of impedance transformation sections which are connected in sequence, so that the impedance matching performance of the antenna in a high-frequency band can be improved, and the working frequency band broadband of the antenna can be further improved. Because the second radiation substrate 33 is inserted on the first radiation substrate 31, and the second microstrip balun 73 and the first microstrip balun 71 form a height difference, in order to compensate for the output energy imbalance caused by the height difference, the second microstrip balun 73 and the first microstrip balun 71 are respectively connected by feeding through a power divider (not labeled), the power divider can perform parameter optimization on impedance conversion sections of the second microstrip balun 73 and the first microstrip balun 71, adjust the impedance ratio of each branch to adjust the output ratio of a port, realize the unequal design of each branch to counteract the influence of parallel routing, realize the equal output of power and phase of different branches, and achieve the energy imbalance.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the director 60 has a length direction extending along a height direction of the first radiation substrate 31 and/or the second radiation substrate 33, and an impedance gap 65 is disposed between two ends of the director 60 in the length direction to form a first impedance transformation section 61 and a second impedance transformation section 63 of the director 60 at intervals.
In the technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, the director 60 is disposed at an end of the first radiation substrate 31 and/or the second radiation substrate 33 in the length direction, and the director 60 extends along the height direction of the first radiation substrate 31 and/or the second radiation substrate 33, so that the electromagnetic wave signals radiated from the side by the radiation antenna group 50 need to pass through the director 60, or the electromagnetic wave signals need to pass through the director 60 and be received by the radiation antenna group 50, so as to ensure that the electromagnetic wave signals are reinforced by the director 60. The director 60 is formed into a first impedance transformation section 61 and a second impedance transformation section 63 which are arranged at intervals by arranging an impedance gap 65 in the length direction of the director 60. By providing an impedance gap between the two ends of the director 60 in the length direction, a capacitive circuit can be introduced into the director 60 to achieve impedance matching, thereby widening the bandwidth of the antenna.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the impedance gap 65 is arranged in a line shape, and due to the arrangement of the impedance gap 65, impedance matching of the antenna in a high-frequency band can be realized, impedance bandwidth is improved, the working bandwidth of the antenna is further widened, and the performance of the antenna is improved. The impedance gap 65 may be provided at an intermediate position between both ends of the director 60 in the length direction so that the first impedance transformation section 61 and the second impedance transformation section 63 have the same length. The impedance gap 65 may be provided at any position between both ends of the guide 60 in the longitudinal direction, and the lengths of the first impedance transformation section 61 and the second impedance transformation section 63 may be different. Only the impedance gap 65 is provided so as to introduce a capacitive circuit, realize impedance matching and improve impedance bandwidth.
With continued reference to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the directors 60 is two;
the two directors 60 are arranged on the first radiation substrate 31, and the two directors 60 are symmetrical along the length direction of the first radiation substrate 31;
or, two directors 60 are disposed on the second radiation substrate 33, and the two directors 60 are symmetrical along the length direction of the second radiation substrate 33;
alternatively, one of the directors 60 is provided on the first radiation substrate 31, and the other director 60 is provided on the second radiation substrate 33.
In the technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, when two directors 60 are both disposed on the first radiating substrate 31 and are symmetrical along the length direction of the first radiating substrate 31, the two directors 60 can reinforce the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted or received by the first symmetrical array 51 disposed on the first radiating substrate 31. When two directors 60 are disposed on the second radiating substrate 33 and are symmetrical along the length direction of the second radiating substrate 33, the two directors 60 can reinforce the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted or received by the second symmetrical array 53 disposed on the second radiating substrate 33. When the two directors 60 are respectively disposed on the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33, the two directors 60 reinforce electromagnetic wave signals radiated or received by the radiation conductor on the side close to the directors 60 in the first symmetric array 51 and the second symmetric array 53 respectively disposed on the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33.
With continued reference to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the directors 60 is four;
the first radiation substrate 31 is provided with two directors 60, and the two directors 60 are symmetrical along the length direction of the first radiation substrate 31;
the second radiation substrate 33 is provided with two directors 60, and the two directors 60 are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the second radiation substrate 33.
In the technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, when the number of the directors 60 is 4, the electromagnetic wave signal radiated or received by each radiation conductor in the radiation antenna group 50 can be enhanced, and the frequency bandwidth of the antenna is effectively expanded.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, in orthographic projections of the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 on the reflection plate 10, an included angle of 45 ° is formed between a length direction of the first radiation substrate 31 and a length direction of the second radiation substrate 33 and an edge line of the reflection plate 10.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the reflection plate 10 is a square plate having a length direction and a width direction, and the extension lines of the length directions of the first radiation substrate 31 and the second radiation substrate 33 intersect with the edge of the reflection plate 10, and the included angles between the extension lines and the edge line of the reflection plate 10 are 45 °. Compared with the mode that the dual-polarized antenna in the vertical/horizontal direction has a wide beam on the H surface and the mode that the beam width of the E surface is narrow, the dual-polarized antenna in the embodiment of the invention is designed to be +/-45 degrees, so that the radiation angles of the radiation directions of the H surface and the E surface can be ensured to be more than 120 degrees within the working frequency range of the antenna, and the consistency of the antenna in each radiation direction is ensured. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an impedance matching process of the antenna, fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of a basic radiation unit, and in fig. 9, a beam width of a radiation direction of a single basic radiation unit can reach more than 150 °, and a radiation width of the single basic radiation unit is expanded. As shown in fig. 13, after 16 basic radiating element arrays, the beam width of the antenna radiation direction can reach more than 120 ° in 3dB, and a wider radiation width can still be achieved.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the reflection plate 10 has a length direction and a width direction, and a plurality of basic radiation units are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the reflection plate 10;
the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 further includes two power dividers, the two power dividers are disposed on the reflection plate 10, and one power divider is respectively coupled with the first microstrip balun 71 in each basic radiation unit for feeding;
the other power divider is coupled to the second microstrip balun 73 in each basic radiating element for feeding.
In the technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, both the two power splitters are T-type power splitters of 1/16, one power splitter is provided with a first feeding port 13 and a first grounding point 15 on the reflection plate 10, and the power splitter is coupled with the first microstrip balun 71 in each basic radiation unit through a cable 17 for feeding. The other power divider is provided with a second feeding port 14 and a second grounding point 16 on the reflection plate 10, and the power divider is coupled with the second microstrip balun 73 in each basic radiation unit for feeding through a cable 17.
The T-shaped power divider is in a frequency band of WiFi5G, network standing waves are below-18.5 dB, and unevenness is below 1.12 dB. As shown in fig. 10, the phase unevenness is observed at the central frequency point of 5.5G and is below 3.96458 °, as shown in fig. 11, the T-shaped power divider basically realizes constant-amplitude in-phase feeding, so that energy is transmitted to each basic radiating element in constant amplitude and in phase. The two 1/16T-shaped power splitters and a plurality of basic radiating units are arrayed, the arrayed array S parameters and the beam width are respectively shown in fig. 12 and fig. 13, and the gain of the arrayed antenna is larger than 18dB in a WiFi5G frequency band.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the frequency band range of the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 is 4400 to 6200MHz, the return loss is less than-20 dB, the 3dB beam width is greater than 120 °, and the antenna gain is greater than 18 dB.
In the technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention, a director 60 is disposed on each basic radiating element, and a plurality of basic radiating elements are grouped by a power divider to form an ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 with 16 basic radiating element arrays, so that the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present invention can work in a frequency band range from 4400 to 6200MHz, return loss of the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna is less than-20 dB, and a relative bandwidth is 33% obtained by dividing a difference between a lowest frequency of 4.4GHz and a highest frequency of 6.2GHz by a center frequency, which meets the requirement of the industry for ultra-wide bandwidth. (ultra-bandwidth, as considered in the industry, means a relative bandwidth ratio of 20% higher, or an absolute bandwidth greater than 0.5 GHz).
The ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 in this embodiment also has good impedance characteristics; in a working frequency band, the 3dB wave beam width can reach more than 150 degrees, and an array formed by 16 basic radiation units can enable the antenna gain to reach 18dB, so that the requirement of long-distance communication is met. Moreover, the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 in the embodiment has the characteristics of miniaturization, simple structure, easiness in processing and assembling and the like compared with the same type of antenna, and has a huge market prospect.
The present invention further provides a wireless communication device, which includes an ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100, and the specific structure of the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna 100 refers to the above embodiments, and since the wireless communication device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, the wireless communication device at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein. The wireless communication device can be a wireless network bridge, and the wireless network bridge adopts the ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna 100 in the embodiment, so that long-distance wireless transmission can be realized, the transmission rate of a wireless network is effectively improved, the point-to-multipoint coverage can be supported, and the machine loading is greatly improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. An ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna is characterized by comprising a reflecting plate (10) and a plurality of basic radiating elements arranged at intervals;
the basic radiation unit includes:
the fixing structure (30) comprises a first radiation substrate (31) and a second radiation substrate (33), the first radiation substrate (31) and the second radiation substrate (33) are vertically fixed on the reflecting plate (10) and are distributed orthogonally, and the first radiation substrate (31) and the second radiation substrate (33) are provided with a length direction and a height direction;
the antenna comprises a radiation antenna group (50), wherein the radiation antenna group (50) comprises a first symmetrical array (51) and a second symmetrical array (53), the first symmetrical array (51) is arranged on the first radiation substrate (31), and the second symmetrical array (53) is arranged on the second radiation substrate (33);
at least one director (60), at least one of said directors (60) being provided to said fixed structure (30); and
a feed structure (70), the feed structure (70) comprising a first microstrip balun (71) and a second microstrip balun (73), the first microstrip balun (71) being coupled to feed the first symmetric array (51), the second microstrip balun (73) being coupled to feed the second symmetric array (53).
2. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said director (60) has a length direction arranged extending along a height direction of said first radiating substrate (31) and/or said second radiating substrate (33);
an impedance gap (65) is arranged between two ends of the guider (60) in the length direction, so that the guider (60) forms a first impedance transformation section (61) and a second impedance transformation section (63) which are arranged at intervals.
3. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said directors (60) are two in number;
the two directors (60) are arranged on the first radiation substrate (31), and the two directors (60) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the first radiation substrate (31);
or, the two directors (60) are arranged on the second radiation substrate (33), and the two directors (60) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the second radiation substrate (33);
or, one of the directors (60) is arranged on the first radiation substrate (31), and the other director (60) is arranged on the second radiation substrate (33).
4. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein said directors (60) are four in number;
the first radiation substrate (31) is provided with two directors (60), and the two directors (60) are symmetrical along the length direction of the first radiation substrate (31);
the second radiation substrate (33) is provided with two directors (60), and the two directors (60) are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the second radiation substrate (33).
5. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first microstrip balun (71) and said second microstrip balun (73) are each provided with a plurality of impedance transformation segments connected in series and an open-ended structure, said open-ended structure being located away from said reflector plate (10).
6. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 5, wherein said first symmetric array (51) and said second symmetric array (53) each comprise two symmetrically arranged radiating conductors;
the radiating conductor is provided with a feed section (511), a gradual change section (513) and an extension section (515) which are connected in sequence, the feed section (511) is coupled with the feed structure (70) and is connected with the feed structure, the gradual change section (513) extends along the height direction of the radiating substrate, and the extension section extends towards the length direction of the radiating substrate.
7. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 6, wherein the length of each of said first symmetric array (51) and said second symmetric array (53) is in the range of 0.2 λ to 0.3 λ.
8. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein in the orthographic projection of said first radiating substrate (31) and said second radiating substrate (33) on said reflector plate (10), the length direction of said first radiating substrate (31) and said second radiating substrate (33) forms an angle of 45 ° with the edge line of said reflector plate (10).
9. An ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said reflector plate (10) has a length direction and a width direction, and a plurality of said basic radiating elements are uniformly arranged along the length direction of said reflector plate (10);
the ultra-wide bandwidth wave beam dual-polarized antenna also comprises two power dividers, the two power dividers are arranged on the reflecting plate (10), and one power divider is respectively coupled with a first microstrip balun (71) in each basic radiation unit for feeding;
and the other power divider is respectively coupled with a second microstrip balun (73) in each basic radiation unit for feeding.
10. The ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna of claim 9, wherein said power divider is an 1/16T-shaped power divider.
11. The ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna according to claim 10, wherein the beam width of the basic radiating element is larger than 150 °, the frequency band range of the ultra-wide bandwidth beam dual-polarized antenna is 4400 to 6200MHz, the return loss is < -20dB, the 3dB beam width is larger than 120 °, and the antenna gain is larger than 18 dB.
12. A wireless communication device comprising an ultra wide bandwidth beam dual polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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