CN112209663A - 一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN112209663A
CN112209663A CN202011034995.5A CN202011034995A CN112209663A CN 112209663 A CN112209663 A CN 112209663A CN 202011034995 A CN202011034995 A CN 202011034995A CN 112209663 A CN112209663 A CN 112209663A
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刘文华
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Anhui Huacheng Hing Building Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:S1、将纤维水泥防爆板各固体原料加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;S3、将湿坯依次进行培养、养护、烘干、煅烧,得到纤维水泥防爆板。本发明通过添加铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺与聚合物纤维复配形成复合防爆剂,降低了单一防爆剂的加入量,可以避免加入过多防爆纤维造成的浇注性能降低,同时本发明还通过添加改性竹纤维对水泥基防爆板进行改性,提高了水泥基防爆板的绝热性能及力学性能。

Description

一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及防爆板领域,具体的是一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺。
背景技术
防爆板(隔爆板、泄爆板)主要是由纤维水泥板表面加压镀锌钢材料构成,是一种兼具超高机械强度和防火性能的高级产品,适用于需要防爆、防火、防震等特殊要求的建筑部位,如银行系统、仓库、停车场、隧道等。具有防爆性好、防火性好、轻质高强的;发生爆炸时,会开裂,可以维护重要电缆的稳定性,同时具有绝热性,系统内部的微升很小,确保电缆仍在正常温度下工作。主要被制成防爆门、防爆隔墙、防爆天花吊顶板、防爆排烟风管/空调管/电缆管、防爆电缆保护和钢结构防爆保护等多种系统。
现有的纤维水泥防爆板通常采用水泥与防爆纤维混合浇注而成,防爆纤维多采用人工合成的聚合物纤维,具有生产成本高、耐高温性能不足、抗压轻度低等问题。
发明内容
为解决上述背景技术中提到的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,本发明通过添加铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺与聚合物纤维复配形成复合防爆剂,降低了单一防爆剂的加入量,可以避免加入过多防爆纤维造成的浇注性能降低,同时本发明还通过添加改性竹纤维对水泥基防爆板进行改性,提高了水泥基防爆板的绝热性能及力学性能。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将纤维水泥防爆板各固体原料加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;
S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;
S3、将湿坯放置在相对湿度为70-90%环境中常温培养5-10h,再放入蒸压釜中养护10-20h,然后将养护后的板坯放入烘干箱中105-115℃烘干,最后在1250-1400℃下保温煅烧2-4h,得到纤维水泥防爆板。
优选地,纤维水泥防爆板包括以下重量份原料:水泥100-200份、石英砂150-200份、粉煤灰50-100份、石膏35-70份、SiO2微粉20-40份、Al2O3微粉15-30份、改性竹纤维10-20份、聚合物纤维8-15份、铝粉3-5份、偶氮二甲酰胺1-2份、减水剂1-2份、水300-500份。
优选地,纤维水泥防爆板包括以下重量份原料:水泥150份、石英砂180份、粉煤灰70份、石膏55份、SiO2微粉25份、Al2O3微粉20份、改性竹纤维15份、聚合物纤维12份、铝粉4份、偶氮二甲酰胺2份、减水剂1份、水420份。
优选地,石英砂的粒径为2-5mm,粉煤灰粒度为200-300目。
优选地,聚合物纤维为维尼纶纤维、尼龙纤维、聚脂纤维、聚乙烯纤维和聚丙烯纤维的一种或几种混合,聚合物纤维直径为15-20um,聚合物纤维长度为5-12mm,聚合物纤维熔点为80-15℃。
优选地,减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚氰胺类缩合物、磺酸盐甲醛缩合物中的一种。
优选地,改性木纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将毛竹截断破碎成长度为3-5cm的竹片,然后将竹片以稀硫酸在室温下浸渍竹片8-lOh,然后对竹进行蒸汽爆破预处理,蒸汽温度为200-210℃,爆破时间为3-5min,回收得到竹纤维;
(2)将竹纤维放入1-2wt%NaOH溶液中,加热至70-90℃浸泡30-60min,然后用水清洗至中性;
(3)将碱液处理后的竹纤维浸入质量分数为1%的TDI丙酮溶液中,TDI与竹纤维质量比为1:10-12,55-60℃水浴搅拌反应至目视无溶剂,再将产物放入烘箱70-80℃中干燥4-6h,得到改性竹纤维。
优选地,步骤S3中蒸汽养护的条件为1.0-1.2MPa的饱和蒸汽压。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明通过添加铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺与聚合物纤维复配形成复合防爆剂,降低了单一防爆剂的加入量,可以避免加入过多防爆纤维造成的浇注性能降低,同时本发明还通过添加改性竹纤维对水泥基防爆板进行改性,提高了水泥基防爆板的绝热性能及力学性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“开孔”、“上”、“下”、“厚度”、“顶”、“中”、“长度”、“内”、“四周”等指示方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的组件或元件必须具有特定的方位,以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1
一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将水泥120份、粒径为5mm的石英砂180份、粒度为250目粉煤灰60份、石膏40份、SiO2微粉36份、Al2O3微粉18份、改性竹纤维12份、聚丙烯纤维10份、铝粉3份、偶氮二甲酰胺2份、三聚磷酸钠1份加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入350份水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;
S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;
S3、将湿坯放置在相对湿度为80%环境中常温培养10h,再放入蒸压釜中1.2MPa的饱和蒸汽压下养护20h,然后将养护后的板坯放入烘干箱中110℃烘干,最后在1250℃下保温煅烧2h,得到纤维水泥防爆板。
上述改性木纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将毛竹截断破碎成长度为3-5cm的竹片,然后将竹片以稀硫酸在室温下浸渍竹片lOh,然后对竹进行蒸汽爆破预处理,蒸汽温度为210℃,爆破时间为4min,回收得到竹纤维;
(2)将竹纤维放入1wt%NaOH溶液中,加热至70℃浸泡60min,然后用水清洗至中性;
(3)将碱液处理后的竹纤维浸入质量分数为1%的TDI丙酮溶液中,TDI与竹纤维质量比为1:12,60℃水浴搅拌反应至目视无溶剂,再将产物放入烘箱70℃中干燥5h,得到改性竹纤维。
实施例2
一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将水泥180份、粒径为3mm的石英砂200份、粒度为200目粉煤灰80份、石膏60份、SiO2微粉25份、Al2O3微粉20份、改性竹纤维15份、聚乙烯纤维15份、铝粉4份、偶氮二甲酰胺1份、六偏磷酸钠1份加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入480份水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;
S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;
S3、将湿坯放置在相对湿度为70%环境中常温培养8h,再放入蒸压釜中1.0MPa的饱和蒸汽压下养护10h,然后将养护后的板坯放入烘干箱中110℃烘干,最后在1300℃下保温煅烧3h,得到纤维水泥防爆板。
上述改性木纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将毛竹截断破碎成长度为3-5cm的竹片,然后将竹片以稀硫酸在室温下浸渍竹片8h,然后对竹进行蒸汽爆破预处理,蒸汽温度为200℃,爆破时间为5min,回收得到竹纤维;
(2)将竹纤维放入1wt%NaOH溶液中,加热至80℃浸泡50min,然后用水清洗至中性;
(3)将碱液处理后的竹纤维浸入质量分数为1%的TDI丙酮溶液中,TDI与竹纤维质量比为1:10,60℃水浴搅拌反应至目视无溶剂,再将产物放入烘箱70℃中干燥6h,得到改性竹纤维。
实施例3
一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将水泥150份、石英砂180份、粉煤灰70份、石膏55份、SiO2微粉25份、Al2O3微粉20份、改性竹纤维15份、尼龙纤维12份、铝粉4份、偶氮二甲酰胺2份、三聚磷酸钠1份加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入380份水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;
S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;
S3、将湿坯放置在相对湿度为85%环境中常温培养8h,再放入蒸压釜中1.2MPa的饱和蒸汽压下养护15h,然后将养护后的板坯放入烘干箱中105℃烘干,最后在1350℃下保温煅烧3h,得到纤维水泥防爆板。
上述改性木纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将毛竹截断破碎成长度为3-5cm的竹片,然后将竹片以稀硫酸在室温下浸渍竹片lOh,然后对竹进行蒸汽爆破预处理,蒸汽温度为210℃,爆破时间为5min,回收得到竹纤维;
(2)将竹纤维放入2wt%NaOH溶液中,加热至70℃浸泡30min,然后用水清洗至中性;
(3)将碱液处理后的竹纤维浸入质量分数为1%的TDI丙酮溶液中,TDI与竹纤维质量比为1:10,560℃水浴搅拌反应至目视无溶剂,再将产物放入烘箱80℃中干燥4h,得到改性竹纤维。
实施例4
一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将水泥200份、粒径为5mm的石英砂180份、粒度为280目粉煤灰100份、石膏60份、SiO2微粉25份、Al2O3微粉30份、改性竹纤维12份、维尼纶纤维15份、铝粉5份、偶氮二甲酰胺2份、三聚磷酸钠2份加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入400份水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;
S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;
S3、将湿坯放置在相对湿度为90%环境中常温培养10h,再放入蒸压釜中1.0MPa的饱和蒸汽压下养护20h,然后将养护后的板坯放入烘干箱中110℃烘干,最后在1300℃下保温煅烧4h,得到纤维水泥防爆板。
上述改性木纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将毛竹截断破碎成长度为3-5cm的竹片,然后将竹片以稀硫酸在室温下浸渍竹片8h,然后对竹进行蒸汽爆破预处理,蒸汽温度为210℃,爆破时间为5min,回收得到竹纤维;
(2)将竹纤维放入1wt%NaOH溶液中,加热至90℃浸泡60min,然后用水清洗至中性;
(3)将碱液处理后的竹纤维浸入质量分数为1%的TDI丙酮溶液中,TDI与竹纤维质量比为1:12,55℃水浴搅拌反应至目视无溶剂,再将产物放入烘箱70℃中干燥6h,得到改性竹纤维。
性能检测:
将实施例1-4中制得的纤维水泥防爆板切割成40×40×160mm试块,根据GB/2997-1982进行测定显气孔率和体积密度,根据GB/T5072-1985进行测定常温耐压强度和常温抗折强度得到结果如下表1所示:
表1纤维水泥防爆板密度、显气孔率及力学性能测试结果
Figure BDA0002704768490000071
Figure BDA0002704768490000081
由表1可以看出本发明工艺制得的纤维水泥防爆板具有较高的显气孔率及良好的力学性能,可以有效防止爆炸冲击导致的水泥防爆板断裂。
采用稳态法导热系数测量实施例1-4中制得的纤维水泥防爆板的热导率,结果如下表2所示:
表2纤维水泥防爆板导热性能测试结果
Figure BDA0002704768490000082
由表2可以看出本发明工艺制备的纤维水泥防爆板具有较低的热导率,可以起到良好的防爆、防火的作用。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将纤维水泥防爆板各固体原料加入搅拌机中充分混合均匀,然后将混合好的原料放入捏合机内,加入水和其它的湿料进行捏合,得到均匀稠浆水泥浆;
S2、将捏合好的水泥浆倒入模具内,用平板流化机压制成型后脱模,得到防爆板湿坯;
S3、将湿坯放置在相对湿度为70-90%环境中常温培养5-10h,再放入蒸压釜中养护10-20h,然后将养护后的板坯放入烘干箱中105-115℃烘干,最后在1250-1400℃下保温煅烧2-4h,得到所述纤维水泥防爆板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述纤维水泥防爆板包括以下重量份原料:水泥100-200份、石英砂150-200份、粉煤灰50-100份、石膏35-70份、SiO2微粉20-40份、Al2O3微粉15-30份、改性竹纤维10-20份、聚合物纤维8-15份、铝粉3-5份、偶氮二甲酰胺1-2份、减水剂1-2份、水300-500份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述纤维水泥防爆板包括以下重量份原料:水泥150份、石英砂180份、粉煤灰70份、石膏55份、SiO2微粉25份、Al2O3微粉20份、改性竹纤维15份、聚合物纤维12份、铝粉4份、偶氮二甲酰胺2份、减水剂1份、水420份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述石英砂的粒径为2-5mm,所述粉煤灰粒度为200-300目。
5.根据权利要求2所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述聚合物纤维为维尼纶纤维、尼龙纤维、聚脂纤维、聚乙烯纤维和聚丙烯纤维的一种或几种混合,所述聚合物纤维直径为15-20um,所述聚合物纤维长度为5-12mm,所述聚合物纤维熔点为80-15℃。
6.根据权利要求2所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚氰胺类缩合物、磺酸盐甲醛缩合物中的一种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述改性竹纤维的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将毛竹截断破碎成长度为3-5cm的竹片,然后将竹片以稀硫酸在室温下浸渍竹片8-lOh,然后对竹进行蒸汽爆破预处理,蒸汽温度为200-210℃,爆破时间为3-5min,回收得到竹纤维;
(2)将竹纤维放入1-2wt%NaOH溶液中,加热至70-90℃浸泡30-60min,然后用水清洗至中性;
(3)将碱液处理后的竹纤维浸入质量分数为1%的TDI丙酮溶液中,TDI与竹纤维质量比为1:10-12,55-60℃水浴搅拌反应至目视无溶剂,再将产物放入烘箱70-80℃中干燥4-6h,得到改性竹纤维。
8.根据权利要求1所述的纤维水泥防爆板的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中蒸汽养护的条件为1.0-1.2MPa的饱和蒸汽压。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102603252A (zh) * 2012-03-15 2012-07-25 武汉沃尔浦科技有限公司 一种喷射型发泡无机轻质节能材料
CN103964776A (zh) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-06 保全研究与技术中心 防火砂浆

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102603252A (zh) * 2012-03-15 2012-07-25 武汉沃尔浦科技有限公司 一种喷射型发泡无机轻质节能材料
CN103964776A (zh) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-06 保全研究与技术中心 防火砂浆

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