CN112203943B - 顶板具有雕刻的可修复塑料托盘及相关方法 - Google Patents
顶板具有雕刻的可修复塑料托盘及相关方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112203943B CN112203943B CN201980036642.8A CN201980036642A CN112203943B CN 112203943 B CN112203943 B CN 112203943B CN 201980036642 A CN201980036642 A CN 201980036642A CN 112203943 B CN112203943 B CN 112203943B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
- B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
- B65D19/0008—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
- B65D19/001—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element
- B65D19/0014—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
- B65D19/0016—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a stringer-like shape
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- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
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Abstract
一种托盘包括:顶甲板、底甲板以及隔开的支撑块,隔开的支撑块耦接于顶甲板与底甲板之间,且在顶甲板与底甲板之间形成开口,用于容纳举升构件。在顶甲板的下侧上,顶甲板包含至少一个甲板凹区。顶甲板在至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对举升构件穿过顶甲板与底甲板之间的开口的能力的影响。
Description
背景技术
塑料托盘通常用来运输和存储货物。塑料托盘一般包含由支撑块分离的上甲板和下甲板。支撑块限定用于容纳用于移动托盘的叉车(forklift)或托盘起重机(palletjack)的叉齿、位于上甲板与下甲板之间的间隙或开口。
在耐久性方面,塑料托盘容易被叉车或托盘起重机的尖锐金属叉齿的冲击损坏。除此之外,如果叉齿在上甲板与下甲板之间插入太深使得叉车或托盘起重机的轮子搁在下甲板上,则当叉齿被举升时,上甲板变得与下甲板分离。
取决于塑料托盘的损坏程度,可以远低于更换整个塑料托盘的成本修复塑料托盘。例如,如美国专利号4,843,976、美国专利号5,413,052和美国专利号5,791,261所公开的,有许多种可修复塑料托盘。即使考虑到这些可修复塑料托盘,仍有增加塑料托盘的耐久性、强度和可修复性的需要。
发明内容
根据一个方面的一种托盘包括:顶甲板、底甲板以及隔开的支撑块,隔开的支撑块耦接于顶甲板与底甲板之间,且在顶甲板与底甲板之间形成开口,用于容纳举升构件。顶甲板包括在顶甲板的下侧上的至少一个甲板凹区。至少一个甲板凹区远离顶甲板的外边缘,使顶甲板在至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对举升构件穿过顶甲板与底甲板之间的开口的能力的影响。顶甲板还包括围绕至少一个甲板凹区的外周区,外周区被配置以与举升构件发生接触。
根据又一个方面的一种托盘包括顶甲板,顶甲板具有外周区,且顶甲板可分成多个四分体,在顶甲板的下侧上,使每一个四分体都包含至少一个甲板凹区,至少一个甲板凹区远离顶甲板的外边缘,使顶甲板在每一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小。外周区围绕每一个四分体中的至少一个甲板凹区,并且外周区被配置以与举升构件发生接触。有利的是,至少一个甲板凹区减小中心四分体挠曲对叉齿穿过顶甲板与底甲板之间的开口的能力的影响。
每一个四分体中的至少一个甲板凹区可包含手握开口。每一个四分体中的至少一个甲板凹区都可包含隔开的开口区段,隔开的开口区段形成网格图案,使每一个开口区段都具有与其他开口区段中的开口图案对称的开口图案。
每一个四分体中的至少一个甲板凹区都可包含隔开的第一甲板凹区和第二甲板凹区。每一个四分体都包含使第一甲板凹区和第二甲板凹区分离的过渡区,不使顶甲板在过渡区中的厚度减小。
甲板的下侧包括露出肋,使至少一个甲板凹区包含露出肋。顶甲板包含围绕至少一个甲板凹区的外周区,不使顶甲板在外周区中的厚度减小。
至少一个甲板凹区可具有椭圆形形状或卵形形状。顶甲板、底甲板以及每一个支撑块包括塑料。
根据另一个方面的一种制造具有至少一个甲板凹区的塑料托盘的方法包含:形成顶甲板;形成底甲板;以及在顶甲板与底甲板之间耦接多个隔开的支撑块,且在顶甲板与底甲板之间形成用于容纳举升构件的开口。顶甲板包括在顶甲板的下侧上的至少一个甲板凹区。至少一个甲板凹区远离顶甲板的外边缘,使顶甲板在至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对举升构件穿过顶甲板与底甲板之间的开口的能力的影响。顶甲板还包括围绕至少一个甲板凹区的外周区,外周区被配置以与举升构件发生接触。
附图说明
图1和图2是根据本公开内容的可修复塑料托盘的上方透视图和下方透视图。
图3是图1所示可修复塑料托盘的分解图。
图4和图5是图1所示全尺寸托盘的单一四分体的上方透视图和下方透视图。
图6和图7是图1所示顶甲板的俯视图和仰视图。
图8是露出结构支撑构件的图1所示的顶甲板的局部截面图。
图9是图1所示全尺寸托盘的单一四分体的下方透视图。
图10是图9所示单一四分体的仰视图。
图11和图12是沿线AA取的图9所示四分体的截面图。
图13和图14是沿线BB取的图9所示四分体的截面图。
图15是根据本公开内容在适当位置具有索环的顶甲板的上方局部透视图。
图16是图15所示顶甲板在移除索环的情况下的上方局部透视图。
图17A是图15所示顶甲板沿线CC取的截面图。
图17B是图15所示顶甲板沿线DD取的截面图。
图18A-18E是图15所示索环的各种视图。
图19是带具有挡壁的支撑块凹部的图1所示顶甲板的下侧的局部透视图。
图20和图21是图1所示底甲板的俯视图和仰视图。
图22是具有位于开放信道内的支撑结构的图1所示底甲板的局部透视图。
图23是带支撑结构的隆起信道底板的图1所示底甲板的截面透视图。
图24是带具有挡壁的支撑块凹部的图1所示底甲板的顶侧的局部透视图。
图25和图26是图1所例示的大支撑块中的一个的上方透视图和下方透视图。
图27和图28是图25所例示的大支撑块的侧视图和端视图。
图29是图25所例示的大支撑块的截面透视图。
图30是图1所例示的顶甲板与底甲板中的支撑块分离的局部透视图。
图31和图32是图1所例示的塑料托盘通过大支撑块中的一个的短侧和长侧的局部截面图。
图33和图34是图1所例示的小支撑块中的一个的上方透视图和下方透视图。
图35和图36是图33所例示的大支撑块的侧视图和端视图。
图37是图33所例示的小支撑块的截面透视图。
图38是图1所例示的塑料托盘通过小支撑块中的一个的局部截面图。
具体实施方式
参考附图进行本描述,附图示出示例性实施例。然而,可使用许多不同实施例,不应当认为本描述局限于本文阐述的特定实施例。相反的,提供这些实施例,致使此公开内容透彻且完整。通篇用类似的编号指类似的组件。
首先参考图1-3,所例示的可修复塑料托盘50包含:顶甲板60、底甲板70和可拆卸支撑块80、90,可拆卸支撑块80、90使顶甲板60与底甲板70分离。安置支撑块80、90,以使诸如叉车或托盘起重机的托盘堆放设备能够四向插进。
例如,塑料托盘50是具有40英寸×48英寸的尺寸的标准全尺寸托盘。这些尺寸是示例性的而非限制性的。例如,塑料托盘50可构造成适应其它尺寸,诸如一半尺寸的或四分之一尺寸的托盘。
图3中提供塑料托盘50的分解图。顶甲板60包含由独立支撑结构件100制成的支撑结构。每一个支撑结构件100都被插入顶甲板60内的相应侧开口52内。每一个侧开口52都与容纳支撑结构件100的信道对齐。底甲板70也包含支撑结构110。支撑结构110可形成为单一单元,在组装塑料托盘50期间,将单一单元投入底甲板70内的开放通道72内。作为另一种选择,支撑结构100可形成为独立支撑结构件,在组装塑料托盘50期间,将独立支撑结构件投入底甲板70内的开放通道72内。
所例示的塑料托盘50包含9个支撑块,其中6个支撑块80被称为大支撑块。余下的3个支撑块90被称为小支撑块。如果支撑块80、90中的任一支撑块被损坏,则仅通过替换损坏的支撑块80、90就可以修复塑料托盘50。类似地,如果顶甲板60或底甲板70被损坏,则通过替换损坏的顶甲板60或底甲板70就可以修复塑料托盘50。
大支撑块80位于塑料托盘50的角部处且介于塑料托盘50的相对侧中的一侧上的角部之间。小支撑块90介于塑料托盘50的另一相对侧上的角部之间且位于塑料托盘50的中心。
分解图中还示出了插入顶甲板60内的开口124内的索环120。索环120露在顶甲板60的上表面61上,且露在顶甲板60的相对下表面63上。塑料托盘50的上表面61还可被称为产品支撑面。索环120露在产品支撑面上有助于在物品放在其上时提供更好的抓持。索环120露在顶甲板60的下表面63上有助于与托盘堆放设备提供更好的抓持。
顶甲板60和底甲板70分别具有对称四分体130。塑料托盘50的单一四分体130的上方透视图和下方透视图例示于图4和图5中。
尽管只示出单一四分体130,但是顶甲板60和底甲板70分别形成为单块单元,对于每一个甲板60、70,全部四个四分体集成在一起。当与支撑块80、90连结时,除了使短侧对齐在一起和长侧对齐在一起外,对称的四分体不需要以任一特定取向安置顶甲板60和底甲板70。
顶甲板60包含如图6所例示的产品支撑面61和如图7所例示的下侧63。顶甲板60包含用于增强塑料托盘50的支撑结构件100。有6个通道102通过顶甲板60延伸。通道的方向由箭头102(1)-102(6)标示。每一个通道102都从顶甲板60的一侧延伸到顶甲板60的另一侧。
通过顶甲板60内的相应侧开口52,插入每一个支撑结构件100。在一个实施例中,在通道102的每一端处都有侧开口52。在其他实施例中,仅在每一个通道102的一端处有侧开口52,而另一端由顶甲板60的侧面或边缘或由插塞封闭。一旦支撑结构件100插入其相应的通道102内,就使用插塞封闭其余侧开口52。
顶甲板60包含开口104,以露出位于信道102内的支撑结构件100。在所例示的顶甲板60中,在顶甲板60的长侧上,每个通道102有8个开口104,而在顶甲板60的短侧上,每个通道102有6个开口104。可改变顶甲板60内的的开口104的尺寸及开口的数量。
顶甲板60的局部截面图提供于图8中,其露出两个支撑结构件100。在信道102的交叉处,一个支撑结构件100阻挡另一个支撑结构件100。每一个支撑结构件100都可构造为具有I型梁形状的拉挤成形物。支撑结构件100装备在顶板60内,并且不接触支撑块80、90。支撑结构件100不局限于具有I型梁形状。支撑结构件100可形成为具有其他截面形状。
本公开内容的一个方面针对在其下侧上包含至少一个甲板凹区(deck scooparea)的顶甲板60,使顶甲板60在至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对举升构件穿过顶甲板60与底甲板70之间的开口的能力的影响。在一个实施例中,顶甲板60可下侧包含集中在顶甲板60的下侧63上的单一大尺寸甲板凹区。在其他实施例中,顶甲板60可下侧包含在顶甲板60的下侧63上隔开的多个小尺寸甲板凹区。
如上所指出的,所例示的顶甲板60被构造有四个对称四分体130,图9和图10所例示的四分体130中的一个的下侧处于不同角度。每一个四分体130都包含至少一个甲板凹区。在所例示的实施例中,每一个四分体130都包含一对甲板凹区62、64。还可将一对甲板凹区62、64称为雕刻62、64。甲板凹区62、64分别减小每一个四分体130内的顶甲板60的厚度。
可将甲板凹区62称为第一甲板凹区,并可将甲板凹区64称为第二甲板凹区。第二甲板凹区64的尺寸可大于第一甲板凹区62的尺寸。在其他实施例中,甲板凹区62、64的尺寸可以相等。第一甲板凹区62可具有椭圆形形状,而第二甲板凹区64可具有圆形或卵形形状。在其他实施例中,第一甲板凹区62和第二甲板凹区64可具有相同形状。
顶甲板60的下侧63由露出的肋构成。第一甲板凹区62包含具有矩形形状的手握开口72。手握开口72位于第一甲板凹区62内的中心。手握开口72处于第一甲板凹区62内的弯曲的顶点。此顶点对应于第一甲板凹区62内的顶甲板60的最小厚度点。
手握开口72包含壁74,壁74从顶甲板60的上表面61延伸到第一甲板凹区62内的肋76、78的下侧63。肋76在第一方向上延伸,而肋78在与第一方向正交的第二方向上延伸。
每一个四分体130中的第一甲板凹区62都与顶甲板60的外露侧65相邻。在外露侧65与第一甲板凹区62之间的四分体130的外周区82具有均匀厚度,且不是第一甲板凹区62的一部分。对于全部四个四分体,四分体130的外周区82绕顶甲板60的周边延伸。
四分体的内部区84使第二甲板凹区64与第一甲板凹区64分离。内部区84也具有均匀厚度,且不是第一或第二甲板凹区62、64的一部分。
第二甲板凹区64包含多个隔开的开口131。开口131可分成排成网格图案的隔开的开口区段132。每一个开口区段132都具有与第二甲板凹区64内的其他开口区段132中的每一个对称的开口图案。
第二甲板凹区64内的肋包含在第一方向上延伸的肋86和在正交于第一方向的第二方向上延伸的肋87。第二甲板凹区64内的肋进一步包含在圆形肋89之间延伸的肋88。圆形肋89处于肋86、87的相交处。肋88在相邻圆形肋89之间形成十字形图案。
图12提供图11所例示的四分体130沿线AA取的截面图。此截面图并排示出第一甲板凹区62和第二甲板凹区64。
类似地,图14提供图13所例示的四分体130沿线BB取的截面图。此截面图仅示出第二甲板凹区64,因为第一甲板凹区62在第二甲板凹区64的后面。
制作具有至少一个甲板凹区62、64的塑料托盘50的方法包含:形成顶甲板60;形成底甲板70;以及耦接位于顶甲板60与底甲板70之间的多个隔开的支撑块80、90且在其间形成用于容纳举升构件的开口。如上所讨论的,顶甲板60在其下侧63上包含至少一个甲板凹区62、64。顶甲板60在至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对举升构件穿过位于顶甲板60与底甲板70之间的开口的能力的影响。
现在参考图15-18E,讨论顶甲板60内的索环120的用途。有利的是,当物品放在顶甲板60的上表面61上时,索环120提供更好的抓持,而且在顶甲板60的下侧63上,还与叉车的叉齿提供更好的抓持。例如,索环120的适当材料包含天然橡胶和合成橡胶。
索环120在顶甲板60的边缘附近隔开。在所例示的实施例中,有8个与顶甲板60的周边相邻地隔开的索环120,其中每一个索环120都集中在诸如支撑块80、90的一对相邻支撑块之间。本领域中的技术人员容易明白,索环120的数量、位置和大小可不同。尽管未例示,但是可将索环120布置于顶甲板60的中心区中,即,远离顶甲板60的周边。
每一个索环120都插入通过顶甲板60延伸的矩形索环开口124内。索环开口124从顶甲板60的上表面61降低,以形成凹格126。索环开口124在凹格126上面具有第一周边尺寸。
在凹格126的下面,索环开口124具有小于第一周边尺寸的第二周边尺寸。包含在第二周边尺寸内的是隔件128。隔件128的上表面从凹面126凹下,且隔件128的下表面延续到顶甲板60的下侧63。隔件128要求每一个索环120的下部都具有狭缝,以容纳隔件128,如图17A所例示的。
每一个索环120都包含用于接合凹格126的唇部133。每一个索环120的上表面135都是平坦的,且加高到高于顶甲板60的上表面61。上表面135与每一个对应索环120的唇部133之间的过渡区137是弯曲的。
尽管每一个索环120的上半部是实心的,但是对应下半部分成区段302。区段302位于隔件128的相邻侧上。延伸通过顶甲板60的下侧63的每一个区段302的底表面呈喇叭状306,用于接合顶甲板60的下侧63。
图17A中提供的索环120的截面图是沿图15中的线CC取的。图17B中提供的索环120的截面图是沿图15中的线DD取的。
现在参考图18A-18E,将更详细讨论索环120。每一个索环120都包含:上区段300、至少一个中区段302以及至少一个下区段304。索环120可由天然橡胶或合成橡胶形成为单一单块单元。索环120是矩形形状的,以与矩形形状的索环开口124匹配。在其他实施例中,例如,索环120和索环开口124可具有不同形状,诸如方形或圆形。
上区段300包含搁置于凹格126上的下唇部133,且上区段300的外露面在顶甲板60的高度方向上延伸。当物品放在顶甲板60的上表面61上时,外露面提供更好的抓持。至少一个中区段302与下唇部133相邻,且从上区段300延伸到顶甲板60的下侧63。
至少一个下区段304从至少一个中区段302延伸,且包含一对隔开的唇部306,以搁置在顶甲板60的下侧63上。至少一个下区段304的外露面在高度方向上延伸到顶甲板60的下侧63的下面。当叉车的叉齿与顶甲板60的下侧63产生接触时,外露面提供更好的抓持。
如上所指出的,顶甲板60中的每一个索环开口124都包含隔件128。隔件128包含与顶甲板60的下侧63平齐的下表面以及位于凹格126下面的上表面。在其他实施例中,隔件128的下表面可不与顶甲板60的下侧63平齐,而隔件128的上表面可与凹格126齐平。
为容纳隔件128,至少一个中区段302包括一对隔开的中区段302,其中每一个中区段302都由隔件128分离。类似地,至少一个下区段304包括一对下区段304,其中每一个下区段304都从相应中区段302延伸。
所例示的中区段302的侧壁具有由其间有凹部312的隔开的垂直断面凸起310形成的方形波形状。在其他实施例中,中区段302的侧壁可具有完全平坦的表面。
现在参考图19,顶甲板60被构造成包含支撑块80、90的凹部140。分别确定凹部140的尺寸,来容纳支撑块80、90的上端。凹部140形成提供挡壁142的凹穴,以在横向上支撑支撑块80、90的上端。挡壁142也可被称为挡肋。
现在将更详细讨论底甲板70。底甲板70的俯视图例示于图20中,而底甲板70的仰视图例示于图21中。如图22所例示的,底甲板70包含支撑结构110。
如图3所例示的塑料托盘50的分解图所示,支撑结构110形成为单一单块单元。如图22所例示的,在组装塑料托盘50期间,将支撑结构110投入底甲板70内的开放通道72内。作为另一种选择,支撑结构100可形成为独立支撑结构件,在组装塑料托盘50期间,将独立支撑结构件投入底甲板70内的开放通道72内。
支撑结构110具有带通过其延伸的开口的方形形状。当组装塑料托盘50时,支撑块80、90与支撑结构110产生接触。支撑结构110不局限于方形形状。支撑结构110可形成为具有其他形状。
图23中提供底甲板70和支撑结构110的截面图,以例示支撑结构110的隆起信道底板160。隆起信道底板160有助于保护支撑结构110以免万一底甲板70的下侧73因使用磨薄而露出。通道72的底或底板160从底甲板70的最低表面162隆起。将脚部164安置于通道底板160的下面。最低表面162和脚部164对应于底甲板70的下侧。
现在参考图24,底甲板70被构造成包含支撑块80、90的凹部170。分别确定凹部170的尺寸,来容纳支撑块80、90的下端。
凹部170形成提供挡壁172的凹穴,以在横向上支撑支撑块80、90的下端。挡壁172也可被称为挡肋。
现在参考图25-32,将更详细讨论大支撑块80。有利的是,大支撑块80包含用于接合顶甲板60的上卡扣200、201和用于接合底甲板70的下卡扣202、203、204、205。上卡扣和下卡扣200-205也可被称为上和下凸舌200-205。
万一支撑块80中的任何一个受损,则顶甲板60和底甲板70可经由它们的对应上和下凸舌200-205与支撑块80、90分离,以致可替换受损的支撑块80。
顶甲板60具有隔开的上表面61和下表面63。如图19所示,下表面63具有多个顶甲板凸舌开口217。每一个大支撑块80都包含具有矩形形状、包围内部开口220的内壁210和具有矩形形状、包围内壁210的外壁212。外壁212具有与内壁210的上表面共面的上表面和与内壁210的下表面共面的下表面。
肋214在内壁210与外壁212之间延伸。肋214具有与内壁210和外壁212的上表面共面的上表面,和与内壁210和外壁212的下表面共面的下表面。
第一多个上凸舌200从内壁210和肋214的上表面向外延伸。如图28所示,每一个凸舌200都包含用于接合顶甲板凸舌开口217的倾斜接触面213。
第二多个上凸舌201从内壁210和肋214的上表面向外延伸。也如图28所示,每一个凸舌201都包含用于接合顶甲板凸舌开口217的倾斜接触面215。第一上凸舌200和第二上凸舌201的倾斜接触面213、215互相背对。
第一上凸舌200与第二上凸舌201对齐。即,上凸舌200、201成对地编组在一起且面朝外。
如图31所例示,每一个顶甲板开口217都包含凸缘230。如图28所例示,每一个上凸舌200、201都包括与它们的相应倾斜接触面213、215相对的肩部216、218,用于接合相应顶甲板凸舌开口217中的凸缘230。每一个上凸舌200、201的倾斜接触面213、215都被构造成当将顶甲板60与支撑块80耦接时,在肩部216、218接合凸缘230之前,挠性接触相应顶甲板凸舌开口217中的凸缘230。
支撑块80的内部220是开放的,且不包含任何肋。内部220的一部分通过内壁210的上表面上的隔开的盖表面224封闭。盖表面224对支撑块80提供额外支撑。支撑块80的下表面上的内部220是开放的。
与大支撑块80和小支撑块90分离的顶甲板60的局部视图例示于图30中。大支撑块80是矩形形状的,且具有短侧和长侧。沿短侧取的大支撑块80的截面图例示于图31中。沿长侧取的大支撑块80的截面图例示于图32中。
现在参考图31,每一个顶甲板凸舌开口217都与顶甲板60中的支撑结构件100相邻。第一上凸舌200和第二上凸舌201中的每一个都是挠性的,用于接合顶甲板凸舌开口217中的凸缘230。
如图20、21所示,底甲板70具有隔开的上表面71和下表面73。如图22所示,上表面71具有多个底甲板凸舌开口219、221。每一个底甲板凸舌开口219、221都与底甲板70中的支撑结构110相邻。
每一个支撑块80都进一步包含从内壁210和肋214的下表面向外延伸的第一多个下凸舌202。如图28所示,每一个凸舌202都包含倾斜接触面221,用于接合底甲板凸舌开口219。
第二多个下凸舌203从内壁210和肋214的下表面向外延伸。如图23所示,每一个凸舌203都包含倾斜接触面223,用于接合底甲板凸舌开口219。第一下凸舌202和第二下凸舌203的倾斜接触面221、223互相面对。第一下凸舌202与第二下凸舌203对齐。
如图31所例示,每一个底甲板开口219都包含凸缘232。如图28所示,每一个下凸舌202、203都包含与倾斜接触面221、223相对的肩部227、229,用于接合相应底甲板凸舌开口219中的凸缘232。
每一个下凸舌202、203的倾斜接触面221、223都被构造成当将底甲板70与支撑块80耦接时,在肩部227、229接合凸缘232之前,挠性接触相应底甲板凸舌开口219中的凸缘232。
现在参考图25、26,每一个支撑块80都进一步包含从肋240的下表面向外延伸的第一多个额外下凸舌204。每一个凸舌204都包含倾斜接触面231,用于接合底甲板凸舌开口221。第二多个额外下凸舌205从肋240的下表面向外延伸。每一个凸舌205都包含倾斜接触面233,用于接合底甲板凸舌开口221。第一额外下凸舌204和第二额外下凸舌205的倾斜接触面231、233互相面对。
下凸舌202、203与上凸舌200、201对齐。额外下卡扣204、205也互相面对的成对地编组在一起。额外下卡扣204、205的取向与下卡扣202、203正交。
现在参考图32,将额外下凸舌204、205插入底甲板70中的底甲板凸舌开口221内。每一个凸舌开口244都包含凹入其内的凸缘234。每一个额外下凸舌204、205都是挠性的,用于接合凸缘234。
卡扣开口221的一半与要容纳支撑结构110的信道72相邻。卡扣开口219的另一半平行于信道72,且与信道72隔开。
现在参考图33-38,将更详细讨论小支撑块90。有利的是,小支撑块90包含卡扣250、252,用于接合顶甲板60和底甲板70。卡扣250、252也可被称为凸舌250、252。
万一支撑块90中的任何一个受损,则顶甲板60和底甲板70可经由其对应卡扣与支撑块80、90分离,以致可替换受损的支撑块90。
每一个小支撑块90都包含肋264在其间延伸的内壁260和外壁262。上卡扣250成对地编组在一起且互相面对。下卡扣252也成对地编组在一起且互相面对。从上卡扣250向内安置下卡扣252。
支撑块90的内部270是开放的,且不包含任何肋。内部270的底部通过支撑块90的下表面上的接触面272封闭。支撑块90的上表面处与内部270相邻的是接触面274。接触面274介于内壁260与内部270之间。
现在参考图38,与顶甲板60中的支撑结构件100相邻的每一个卡扣开口280都包含凹入其内的唇部或凸起290。每一个上卡扣250都是挠性的,用于接合唇部290。
底甲板70中有对应卡扣开口282,对应卡扣开口282也包含凹入其内的唇部或凸起292。每一个下卡扣252都是挠性的,用于接合唇部292。每一个卡扣开口282都与底甲板70中的支撑结构110相邻。
得益于前面的描述和有关附图中阐述的教导的本领域技术人员会想到许多修改和其他实施例。因此,应当理解,本公开内容并不局限于所公开的具体实施例,而且修改和实施例旨在包含于所附权利要求的范围内。
Claims (20)
1.一种托盘,包括:
顶甲板;
底甲板;以及
多个隔开的支撑块,所述多个隔开的支撑块耦接于所述顶甲板与底甲板之间,且在所述顶甲板与底甲板之间形成开口,用于容纳举升构件,其中所述顶甲板包括:
在所述顶甲板的下侧上的至少一个甲板凹区,所述至少一个甲板凹区远离所述顶甲板的外边缘,使所述顶甲板在所述至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对所述举升构件穿过所述顶甲板与底甲板之间的所述开口的能力的影响;以及
围绕所述至少一个甲板凹区的外周区,所述外周区被配置以与所述举升构件发生接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于所述顶甲板分成四分体,使每一个四分体都包含至少一个甲板凹区。
3.根据权利要求2所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含手握开口。
4.根据权利要求2所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含隔开的多个开口区段,所述隔开的多个开口区段形成网格图案,使每一个开口区段都具有与其他开口区段中的开口图案对称的开口图案。
5.根据权利要求2所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含隔开的第一甲板凹区和第二甲板凹区。
6.根据权利要求5所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体都包含使所述第一甲板凹区和所述第二甲板凹区分离的过渡区,不使所述顶甲板在所述过渡区中的厚度减小。
7.根据权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于所述甲板的下侧包括露出肋,使所述至少一个甲板凹区包含所述露出肋。
8.根据权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于所述顶甲板包含围绕所述至少一个甲板凹区的所述外周区,不使所述顶甲板在所述外周区中的厚度减小。
9.根据权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于所述至少一个甲板凹区具有椭圆形形状或卵形形状。
10.根据权利要求1所述的托盘,其特征在于所述顶甲板、所述底甲板以及每一个支撑块包括塑料。
11.一种托盘,包括:
顶甲板,所述顶甲板具有外周区,且所述顶甲板分成四分体,在所述顶甲板的下侧上,使每一个四分体都包括至少一个甲板凹区,所述至少一个甲板凹区远离所述顶甲板的外边缘,使所述顶甲板在每一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,所述外周区围绕每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区,并且所述外周区被配置以与举升构件发生接触。
12.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含手握开口。
13.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含隔开的多个开口区段,所述隔开的多个开口区段形成网格图案,使每一个开口区段都具有与其他开口区段中的开口图案对称的开口图案。
14.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含隔开的第一甲板凹区和第二甲板凹区。
15.根据权利要求14所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体都包含使所述第一甲板凹区和所述第二甲板凹区分离的过渡区,不使所述顶甲板在所述过渡区中的厚度减小。
16.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于所述甲板的下侧包括露出肋,使每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都包含所述露出肋。
17.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于所述顶甲板包含围绕每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区的所述外周区,不使所述顶甲板在所述外周区中的厚度减小。
18.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于每一个四分体中的所述至少一个甲板凹区都具有椭圆形形状或卵形形状。
19.根据权利要求11所述的托盘,其特征在于所述顶甲板包括塑料。
20.一种制造托盘的方法,包括:
形成顶甲板;
形成底甲板;以及
耦接多个隔开的支撑块,所述多个隔开的支撑块耦接于所述顶甲板与底甲板之间,且在所述顶甲板与底甲板之间形成开口,用于容纳举升构件,
其中所述顶甲板包括:
在所述顶甲板的下侧上的至少一个甲板凹区,所述至少一个甲板凹区远离所述顶甲板的外边缘,使所述顶甲板在所述至少一个甲板凹区中的厚度减小,以减小顶甲板挠曲对所述举升构件穿过所述顶甲板与底甲板之间的所述开口的能力的影响;以及
围绕所述至少一个甲板凹区的外周区,所述外周区被配置以与所述举升构件发生接触。
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