CN112191786B - Forging process of high-chromium steel forging - Google Patents
Forging process of high-chromium steel forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN112191786B CN112191786B CN202011011205.1A CN202011011205A CN112191786B CN 112191786 B CN112191786 B CN 112191786B CN 202011011205 A CN202011011205 A CN 202011011205A CN 112191786 B CN112191786 B CN 112191786B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forging process of a high-chromium steel forging, which comprises the steps of S1, heating and preheating the forging to improve the shaping of the forging; s2, cogging the forge piece and transferring the forge piece to a station; s3, measuring temperature, adjusting a forging striking part and reducing cracks of the forge piece; s4, forging and shaping the forge piece, and adjusting the forge piece to improve the deformation uniformity; s5, collecting the oxide layer separated from the surface of the raw material; s6, cooling the forged piece after forging, and taking out the forged piece, wherein the forging process is improved, so that the phenomenon that the temperature around the high-chromium steel forged piece is different from that of the remote lime sand is avoided, the cooling effect is ensured, and the phenomenon that the temperature on two sides is different and cracks are generated by striking is also avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging production of high-chromium steel forgings, in particular to a forging device of a high-chromium steel forging.
Background
The high-chromium steel forging is widely applied to some related industries, and due to different use ranges of the high-chromium steel forging, the appearance of the high-chromium steel forging is different, the high-chromium steel forging is generally made of chromium elements, carbon elements and other elements, and the high-chromium steel forging needs to be made through a forging process in the manufacturing process;
when the existing high-chromium steel forging is manufactured and forged, the forged and molded high-chromium steel forging needs to be cooled, while white sand or gray sand is generally adopted for cooling during cooling, the gray sand needs to be controlled at 150 ℃, because the temperature difference phenomenon exists between the temperature of the high-chromium steel forging and the lime sand, the temperature of the lime sand around the high-chromium steel forging is different from that of the lime sand at a distance, and the phenomenon that the cooling effect of the high-chromium steel forging is poor occurs, meanwhile, the oxide layer on the surface of the high-chromium steel forging piece can fall off during the beating forming, the fallen oxide layer fragments cannot be collected, the oxide layer fragments in the box body are accumulated, and the cleaning effect is inconvenient, and the temperature is not enough to impact different positions to deform according to the temperature condition, so that the phenomenon of cracks caused by different temperatures on two sides due to impact is caused, and therefore, the forging device for the high-chromium steel forging is provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging process of a high-chromium steel forging, and aims to solve the problems that the existing forging process of the high-chromium steel forging in the background art causes different temperatures of lime and sand around the high-chromium steel forging and far away, the cooling effect of the high-chromium steel forging is poor, and striking deformation is not enough to be carried out on different positions according to the temperature condition, so that the phenomena of cracks caused by different temperatures at two sides due to striking are caused.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a forging process for high chromium steel forgings, which is a forging device for finishing the forging process, comprises the following steps:
s1, heating and preheating the forging to improve the shaping of the forging;
s2, cogging the forge piece and transferring the forge piece to a station;
s3, measuring temperature, adjusting the forging striking part and reducing the amount of cracks of the forge piece;
s4, forging and shaping the forge piece, and adjusting the forge piece to improve the deformation uniformity;
s5, collecting the oxide layer separated from the surface of the raw material;
s6, cooling the forged piece after forging, and taking out the forged piece;
the forging device comprises a box shell, a first servo motor and a transverse plate, wherein a cooling box is arranged on one side inside the box shell, a cover body is hinged to the surface of the cooling box, a box cover is hinged to one side of the cooling box, a placing table is fixed to the bottom end inside the cooling box, heat preservation mechanisms are arranged on two sides inside the cooling box respectively and comprise an inlet and an outlet, a first shell, a spiral shovel, a transmission wheel, a driving motor, a transmission belt, a gear, a vertical shaft and a second shell, one side of the first shell is connected with the inner side wall of the cooling box, an inlet and an outlet are fixed to the top end and the bottom end of one side of the first shell respectively, the driving motor is installed at the top end of the first shell, a second shell is fixed to one side of the first shell, the spiral shovel is arranged inside the second shell and the first shell respectively, and the vertical shaft is arranged at the top end inside the cooling box, the bottom end of the vertical shaft and one side of the second shell are both provided with gears, the vertical shaft and the outer part of the driving motor are both fixed with a transmission wheel, the outer part of the transmission wheel is sleeved with a transmission belt, the other side of the inner part of the box shell is provided with a heating box, one side of the heating box is provided with a placing groove, the corner position of the bottom end of the placing groove is fixed with a supporting leg, the bottom end of the inner part of the box shell below the placing groove is provided with a collecting structure, the collecting structure comprises a first collecting box, a groove, a second collecting box, a clamping block, a convex block and a fixing block, the two sides of the bottom end of the first collecting box are both fixed with the convex block, the bottom end of the inner part of the box shell below the convex block is fixed with the fixing block, the two side walls of the first collecting box are both provided with the second collecting box, one side of the second collecting box is fixed with the clamping block, the inner parts of the box shells at the two sides of the placing groove are fixed with the block bodies, a vertical plate penetrates through the top end of the block body, a cross shaft penetrates through the bottom end of the vertical plate, a telescopic rod is installed on the inner side wall of the block body on one side of the vertical plate, a clamping structure is arranged on the top end of the vertical plate, a transverse plate is arranged above the placing groove, push rods are fixed on two sides of one end of the transverse plate, temperature measuring structures are arranged on two ends of the bottom of the transverse plate, a second screw rod is arranged inside the transverse plate, a moving sleeve is sleeved outside the second screw rod, a second air cylinder is installed inside the moving sleeve, the bottom end of the second air cylinder extends to the outside of the moving sleeve, a striking plate is fixed on the bottom end of the transverse plate, a third servo motor is installed on one side of the inside of the top end of the box shell, a first screw rod is installed inside the box shell on one side of the first screw rod, a first air cylinder is sleeved outside the first screw rod, and a frame body is fixed at the bottom end of the first air cylinder, a second servo motor is installed on one side of the support body, moving blocks are arranged on two sides of the interior of the support body, and clamping blocks are hinged to two sides of the bottom end of the support body.
Preferably, the cross section of the groove is larger than that of the clamping block, and the second collecting box and the first collecting box form a clamping structure through the clamping block and the groove.
Preferably, a threaded rod penetrates through the bottom end of the interior of the frame body, and the moving block penetrates through the interior of the threaded rod.
Preferably, clamping structure includes plate, fourth servo motor, third screw rod, articulated piece, splint, fifth servo motor, shell and fifth servo motor, the top fixed connection of plate bottom and riser, the internally mounted of plate has fourth servo motor, and extends to the outside of plate on one side of the fourth servo motor, one side of plate is provided with the shell, the both ends of shell one side all are fixed with the pillar, and pillar one side extends to the inside of plate, fifth servo motor is installed on the top of shell, the inside top of shell all articulates with the bottom has splint, the inside one side of shell is provided with the third screw rod, the outside cover of third screw rod top and bottom is equipped with articulated piece, and articulated one side of piece one side and splint is articulated mutually.
Preferably, the splint constitute centre gripping fixed knot through articulated piece, third screw rod and fifth servo motor and construct, the shell constitutes revolution mechanic through fourth servo motor.
Preferably, the temperature measuring structure comprises a temperature measuring instrument, a sleeve and a mounting plate, the top end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the transverse plate, the bottom end of the mounting plate is provided with the plurality of sleeves, and the temperature measuring instrument is mounted inside the sleeves.
Preferably, the bottom end of the second shell is provided with through holes at equal intervals, and the second shell is perpendicular to the first shell.
Preferably, the method for heating and preheating the forging in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
and starting the first servo motor to drive the moving plate to move, moving the clamped raw material to the upper part of the placing groove and placing the raw material into the placing groove, and moving the first air cylinder to the original position through the reverse operation of the first servo motor.
Preferably, the method for cogging the forge piece in the step S2 and transferring the forge piece to the station comprises the following steps:
heating or preheating is carried out to the heating cabinet inside through throwing in the raw materials, when heating suitable temperature, starts first cylinder and moves the support body downwards, restarts the rotatory movable block relative movement this moment of second servo motor drive first screw rod and carries out the centre gripping to the raw materials by the clamp splice when moving.
Preferably, the method for measuring the temperature of the forging in the step S3 is as follows:
start the push rod and promote the diaphragm to the standing groove top, start the second cylinder simultaneously and make the hitting board hit the raw materials and hit, the thermoscope carries out temperature measurement to the raw materials surface this moment, and transmit measuring result to control panel, contrast both sides temperature through inside components and parts, it hits the board and hit the raw materials left side to carry out the left shift to the movable sleeve through third servo motor when according with the comparison result and move to the left, hit the board and hit the raw materials right side and hit by hitting the board when the result accords with the right shift through third servo motor reverse movement.
Preferably, the forging and shaping method of the forging in the step S4 includes:
when hitting, need carry out 90 degrees upsets to the raw materials, start the telescopic link and remove the riser through horizontal axial standing groove, start to drive the third screw rod rotation by the shell again, drive articulated piece relative movement simultaneously, with splint outside extension, make splint carry out the centre gripping under the fifth servo motor reaction to the raw materials, rethread fourth servo motor drives the shell and carries out 90 degrees upsets through the raw materials, hits once more afterwards and beats.
Preferably, the method for collecting the oxide layer detached from the forging surface in S5 is as follows:
hit the in-process, the oxide layer on raw materials surface can break away from to the oxide layer that drops inside second collecting box and the first collecting box, collect the oxide layer that drops by first collecting box and second collecting box and be convenient for post processing.
Preferably, the method for cooling and removing the forging in the step S6 comprises the following steps:
s61, firstly, moving the formed raw materials into a cooling box by means of a tool and placing the raw materials above a placing table, cooling the formed object by internal sand and ash, enabling the sand and ash to continuously drop into an inlet and an outlet, driving a mounting plate to rotate by a driving motor, simultaneously driving a transmission belt to rotate by a transmission wheel under the rotation of the driving motor, driving a spiral shovel in a second shell to rotate by a gear, transferring the sand and ash by the spiral shovel and scattering the sand and ash downwards from the inside of the second shell, and heating the sand and ash to about 150 ℃ by heating wires in the spiral shovel when the sand and ash move in the first shell and the second shell;
and S62, finally, after cooling, the cover body is rotated to open, and the formed object is taken out from the interior of the cooling box by an external tool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by improving the forging process, the phenomenon that the temperatures of the lime sand around the high-chromium steel forging are different from those of the lime sand at a distance is avoided, the cooling effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that cracks are caused by different temperatures at two sides due to beating is also avoided;
2. the transmission wheels are driven to rotate by starting a driving motor, the transmission belt drives the transmission wheels to rotate, the transmission wheels drive the gears to rotate when rotating, the spiral shovel rotates at the same time, the lime and sand flow into the inlet and the outlet and are transmitted by the spiral shovel, heating wires in the spiral shovel heat the lime and sand to 150 ℃ in the transmission process, and the lime and sand fall from the second shell, so that the temperature of the sand and the lime around the object is 150 ℃, and the object is effectively cooled;
3. measuring the surface temperature of the raw material by using a temperature measuring instrument, transmitting the measurement result to a control panel, comparing, transmitting the comparison result to a third servo motor, driving a moving sleeve to move towards a low temperature direction by using the third servo motor, beating the raw material at a low temperature to generate deformation, increasing the temperature at the position, and avoiding the phenomenon that the temperature difference is too large and the surface of an object has cracks due to the fact that one side is violently deformed to generate high temperature and the temperature at the other side is gradually reduced;
4. carry out the block with first collecting box through lug and fixed block, carry out the block through fixture block and recess with the second collecting box again, and when hitting the beating, the oxide layer that the object surface drops inside first collecting box and second collecting box, is collected the oxide layer that drops by first collecting box and second collecting box, consequently avoids the oxide layer accumulation that drops in the inside of case shell, is difficult for carrying out clear phenomenon to case shell inside.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a forging process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional front view of the forging apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the forging apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a collection structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional side view of a forging apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a front cross-sectional structure of a clamping structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cross plate front cross section structure of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic front sectional view of the cooling box of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cabinet housing; 2. a first servo motor; 3. a transverse plate; 4. a first screw; 5. a first cylinder; 6. a heating box; 7. a block body; 8. a collection structure; 801. a first collection tank; 802. a groove; 803. a second collection tank; 804. a clamping block; 805. a bump; 806. a fixed block; 9. a placement groove; 10. supporting legs; 11. a vertical plate; 12. a horizontal axis; 13. a telescopic rod; 14. a cooling tank; 15. a cover body; 16. a box cover; 17. a push rod; 18. a second servo motor; 19. a frame body; 20. a moving block; 21. a clamping block; 22. a clamping structure; 2201. a plate block; 2202. a fourth servo motor; 2203. a third screw; 2204. a hinged block; 2205. a splint; 2206. a fifth servo motor; 2207. a housing; 2208. a pillar; 23. a temperature measuring structure; 2301. a temperature measuring instrument; 2302. a sleeve; 2303. mounting a plate; 24. a second screw; 25. moving the sleeve; 26. a third servo motor; 27. a second cylinder; 28. striking a board; 29. a heat preservation mechanism; 2901. an inlet and an outlet; 2902. a first housing; 2903. a spiral shovel; 2904. a transmission wheel; 2905. a drive motor; 2906. a conveyor belt; 2907. a gear; 2908. a vertical axis; 2909. a second housing; 30. and (6) placing the table.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention: a forging process of a high-chromium steel forging comprises the following steps:
s1, heating and preheating the forging to improve the shaping of the forging;
s2, cogging the forge piece and transferring the forge piece to a station;
s3, measuring temperature, adjusting the forging striking part and reducing the amount of cracks of the forge piece;
s4, forging and shaping the forge piece, and adjusting the forge piece to improve the deformation uniformity;
s5, collecting the oxide layer separated from the surface of the raw material;
and S6, cooling the forged piece after forging, and taking out the forged piece.
Referring to fig. 2-9, a forging apparatus for performing the forging process includes a housing 1, a first servo motor 2 and a horizontal plate 3, a cooling box 14 is disposed on one side of the interior of the housing 1, a cover 15 is hinged to the surface of the cooling box 14, a box cover 16 is hinged to one side of the cooling box 14, a placement platform 30 is fixed to the bottom end of the interior of the cooling box 14, a heat preservation mechanism 29 is disposed on both sides of the interior of the cooling box 14, the heat preservation mechanism 29 includes an inlet and outlet 2901, a first housing 2902, a screw shovel 2903, a transmission wheel 2904, a driving motor 2905, a transmission belt 2906, a gear 2907, a vertical shaft 2908 and a second housing 2909, one side of the first housing 2902 is connected to the inner side wall of the cooling box 14, an inlet and outlet 2901 is fixed to the top end and the bottom end of one side of the first housing 2902, the bottom end of the inlet and outlet 2901 extends to the interior of the second housing 2902, a driving motor 2905 is installed on the top end of the first housing 2902, the driving motor 2905 may be Y90S-2, an input end of the driving motor 2905 is electrically connected to an output end of the control panel, a second housing 2909 is fixed to one side of the first housing 2902, a spiral scoop 2903 is disposed inside the second housing 2909 and the first housing 2902, a heating wire is disposed inside the spiral scoop 2903, the heating wire may be CR20, an input end of the heating wire is electrically connected to an output end of the control panel, a vertical shaft 2908 is disposed at an upper end inside the cooling box 14, gears 2907 are disposed at a lower end of the vertical shaft 2908 and one side of the second housing 2909, the gear 2907 at a lower end of the vertical shaft 2908 is perpendicular to the gear 2907 at a side of the second housing 2909, both sides of the gear 2907 and a lower end of the driving motor 2905 respectively penetrate through the second housing 2909 and the first housing 2902 and are fixedly connected to one side of the spiral scoop 2903, transmission wheels 2904 are fixed to outer portions of the vertical shaft 2908 and the driving motor 2905, a transmission belt 2906 is sleeved outside the transmission wheel 2904, through holes are arranged at the bottom end of the second shell 2909 at equal intervals, and the second shell 2909 is vertical to the first shell 2902; the phenomenon that the cooling effect of the object is poor due to the fact that the temperature of the sand around the object is different from that of the sand at the distance is avoided;
the other side in the box shell 1 is provided with a heating box 6, one side of the heating box 6 is provided with a placing groove 9, a supporting leg 10 is fixed at the corner position of the bottom end of the placing groove 9, a collecting structure 8 is arranged at the bottom end in the box shell 1 below the placing groove 9, the collecting structure 8 comprises a first collecting box 801, a groove 802, a second collecting box 803, a clamping block 804, a lug 805 and a fixing block 806, the lug 805 is fixed at two sides of the bottom end of the first collecting box 801, the fixing block 806 is fixed at the bottom end in the box shell 1 below the lug 805, the grooves 802 are fixed on two side walls of the first collecting box 801, the second collecting box 803 is arranged at two sides of the first collecting box 801, a clamping block 804 is fixed on one side of the second collecting box 803, the cross section of the groove 802 is larger than that of the clamping block 804, and the second collecting box 803 and the first collecting box 801 form a clamping structure through the clamping block 804 and the groove 802; the phenomenon that the fallen oxide layer is accumulated in the box shell 1 and the interior of the box shell 1 is not easy to clean in the later period is avoided, so that the later-period use is not facilitated;
the block bodies 7 are fixed inside the box shells 1 on two sides of the placement groove 9, the top ends of the block bodies 7 are penetrated by vertical plates 11, the bottom ends of the vertical plates 11 are penetrated by transverse shafts 12, telescopic rods 13 are installed on the inner side walls of the block bodies 7 on one sides of the vertical plates 11, the types of the telescopic rods 13 can be TJC-C1, the input ends of the telescopic rods 13 are electrically connected with the output ends of the control panel, the top ends of the vertical plates 11 are provided with clamping structures 22, each clamping structure 22 comprises a plate 2201, a fourth servo motor 2202, a third screw 2203, a hinged block 2204, a clamping plate 2205, a fifth servo motor 2206, a shell 2207 and a fifth servo motor 2206, the bottom end of the fifth servo motor 2206 is penetrated by the shell 2207 and is fixedly connected with the top end of the third screw 2203, the thread lines of the top end of the third screw 2203 are opposite to those of the bottom end, the bottom end of the plate 2201 is fixedly connected with the top end of the vertical plates 11, the fourth servo motor 2202 is installed inside the plate 2201, one side of the fourth servo motor 2202 extends to the outside of the plate 2201, one side of the plate 2201 is provided with a shell 2207, two ends of one side of the shell 2207 are both fixed with a support column 2208, one side of the support column 2208 extends to the inside of the plate 2201, the top end of the shell 2207 is provided with a fifth servo motor 2206, the types of the first servo motor 2, the second servo motor 18, the fifth servo motor 2206 and the third servo motor 26 can be QS-750W, the output ends of the first servo motor 2, the second servo motor 18, the fifth servo motor 2206 and the third servo motor 26 are all electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, the type of the fifth servo motor 2206 can be 40ST-M00130, the input end of the fifth servo motor 2206 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, the top end and the bottom end inside the shell 2207 are both hinged with a clamping plate 2205, one side inside the shell 2207 is provided with a third screw 2203, a hinge block 2204 is sleeved outside the top end and the bottom end of the third screw 2203, one side of the hinge block 2204 is hinged to one side of the clamp plate 2205, the clamp plate 2205 forms a clamping and fixing structure through the hinge block 2204, the third screw 2203 and the fifth servo motor 2206, and the shell 2207 forms a rotating structure through the fourth servo motor 2202;
a transverse plate 3 is arranged above the placing groove 9, push rods 17 are fixed on two sides of one end of the transverse plate 3, the type of each push rod 17 can be DYTZB1000-500, the input end of each push rod 17 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, temperature measuring structures 23 are arranged on two ends of the bottom of the transverse plate 3 respectively, each temperature measuring structure 23 comprises a temperature measuring instrument 2301, a sleeve 2302 and a mounting plate 2303, the top end of the mounting plate 2303 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the transverse plate 3, the bottom end of the mounting plate 2303 is provided with a plurality of sleeves 2302, each sleeve 2302 is internally provided with the temperature measuring instrument 2301, the type of each temperature measuring instrument 2301 can be WRM-101, the input end of each temperature measuring instrument 2301 is electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, and the phenomenon that one side of the transverse plate is subjected to violent deformation to generate high temperature and the temperature on the other side of the transverse plate gradually drops to cause overlarge temperature difference and the crack phenomenon on the surface of an object is avoided;
a second screw 24 is arranged inside the transverse plate 3, a moving sleeve 25 is sleeved outside the second screw 24, a second cylinder 27 is arranged inside the moving sleeve 25, the types of the first cylinder 5 and the second cylinder 27 are SC63X250, the input ends of the first cylinder 5 and the second cylinder 27 are both electrically connected with the output end of the control panel, the bottom end of the second cylinder 27 extends to the outside of the moving sleeve 25 and is fixed with a striking plate 28, a third servo motor 26 is arranged on one side of the transverse plate 3, a first screw 4 is arranged on one side of the inside of the top end of the box 1, a first servo motor 2 is arranged inside the box 1 on one side of the first screw 4, a first cylinder 5 is sleeved outside the first screw 4, a frame body 19 is fixed at the bottom end of the first cylinder 5, a threaded rod penetrates through the bottom end of the inside of the frame body 19, a moving block 20 penetrates inside the threaded rod, a second servo motor 18 is arranged on one side of the frame body 19, both sides of the interior of the frame body 19 are provided with moving blocks 20, and both sides of the bottom end of the frame body 19 are hinged with clamping blocks 21.
Based on the forging device, the method for heating and preheating the forge piece in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
the first servo motor 2 is started to drive the moving plate to move, the held raw material is moved to above the placing groove 9 and placed inside the placing groove 9, and the first cylinder 5 is moved to the original position by the reverse operation of the first servo motor 2.
The method for cogging the forge piece in the S2 and transferring the forge piece to the station comprises the following steps:
heating or preheating is carried out by putting the raw materials into the heating box 6, when the raw materials are heated to a proper temperature, the first air cylinder 5 is started to move the frame body 19 downwards, the second servo motor 18 is started again to drive the first screw rod 4 to rotate, at the moment, the moving block 20 moves relatively, and the raw materials are clamped by the clamping block 21 while moving.
The method for measuring the temperature of the forge piece in the S3 comprises the following steps:
start push rod 17 and promote diaphragm 3 to standing groove 9 top, start second cylinder 27 simultaneously and make to hit the board 28 and hit the raw materials and hit, thermoscope 2301 carries out temperature measurement to the raw materials surface this moment, and transmit measuring result to control panel, compare both sides temperature through inside components and parts, will compare the result and accord with when moving left and shift to the left and carry out the left shift through third servo motor 26 with the removal cover 25 and make to hit the board 28 and hit the raw materials the left side and hit, when the result accords with and moves right, hit the board 28 and hit the raw materials the right by hitting through third servo motor 26 reverse movement and hitting.
The forging and shaping method of the forging in the S4 comprises the following steps:
when hitting, need carry out 90 degrees upsets to the raw materials, start telescopic link 13 and remove riser 11 to standing groove 9 through cross axle 12, start to drive third screw rod 2203 by shell 2207 again and rotate, drive articulated piece 2204 relative movement simultaneously, outwards expand splint 2205, make splint 2205 carry out the centre gripping to the raw materials under the reaction of fifth servo motor 2206, rethread fourth servo motor 2202 drives shell 2207 and carries out 90 degrees upsets through the raw materials, hit again afterwards.
The method for collecting the oxide layer separated from the surface of the forging in the step S5 comprises the following steps:
in the striking process, the oxide layer on the surface of the raw material can be separated, and the separated oxide layer falls into the second collection box 803 and the first collection box 801, and the separated oxide layer is collected by the first collection box 801 and the second collection box 803 for post-processing.
The method for carrying out cooling treatment and forging taking out on the forging in S6 comprises the following steps:
s61, after the molding is performed, the molded raw materials are moved to the interior of the cooling box 14 by means of a tool and placed above the placing table 30, at the moment, the molded objects are cooled by the internal sand and ash, the sand and ash continuously drop into the interior of the inlet and outlet 2901, the mounting plate 2303 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 2905, the transmission wheel 2904 drives the transmission belt 2906 to rotate under the rotation of the driving motor 2905, the spiral shovel 2903 in the second shell 2909 is driven to rotate by the gear 2907, the sand and ash are transferred by the spiral shovel 2903 and downwards scattered from the interior of the second shell 2909, and the sand and ash are heated to about 150 ℃ by the heating wires in the spiral shovel 2903 when the sand and ash move in the first shell 2902 and the second shell 2909;
finally, after cooling, the cover 15 is rotated open and the shaped object is removed from the interior of the cooling box 14 by means of an external tool, S62.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (8)
1. The forging device for finishing the forging process is characterized in that the forging process of the high-chromium steel forging piece comprises the following steps:
s1, heating and preheating the forging;
s2, cogging the forge piece and transferring the forge piece to a station;
s3, measuring temperature and adjusting the forging striking part;
s4, forging and shaping the forge piece, and adjusting the forge piece;
s5, collecting an oxide layer separated from the surface of the raw material;
s6, cooling the forged piece after forging, and taking out the forged piece;
forging device includes case shell (1), first servo motor (2) and diaphragm (3), its characterized in that: a cooling box (14) is arranged on one side inside the box shell (1), a cover body (15) is hinged to the surface of the cooling box (14), a box cover (16) is hinged to one side of the cooling box (14), a placing table (30) is fixed to the bottom end inside the cooling box (14), heat preservation mechanisms (29) are arranged on two sides inside the cooling box (14), each heat preservation mechanism (29) comprises an inlet and outlet (2901), a first shell (2902), a spiral shovel (2903), a transmission wheel (2904), a driving motor (2905), a transmission belt (2906), a gear (2907), a vertical shaft (2908) and a second shell (2909), one side of the first shell (2902) is connected with the inner side wall of the cooling box (14), an inlet and outlet (2901) are fixed to the top end and the bottom end of one side of the first shell (2902), and a driving motor (2905) is installed on the top end of the first shell (2902), a second shell (2909) is fixed on one side of the first shell (2902), a spiral shovel (2903) is arranged inside the second shell (2909) and the first shell (2902), a vertical shaft (2908) is arranged at the top end inside the cooling box (14), gears (2907) are arranged on the bottom end of the vertical shaft (2908) and one side of the second shell (2909), transmission wheels (2904) are fixed outside the vertical shaft (2908) and the driving motor (2905), a transmission belt (2906) is sleeved outside the transmission wheels (2904), a heating box (6) is arranged on the other side inside the box shell (1), a placing groove (9) is arranged on one side of the heating box (6), supporting legs (10) are fixed at the corner position of the bottom end of the placing groove (9), a collecting structure (8) is arranged at the bottom end inside the box shell (1) below the placing groove (9), and block bodies (7) are fixed inside the box shells (1) on two sides of the placing groove (9), a vertical plate (11) penetrates through the top end of the block body (7), a transverse shaft (12) penetrates through the bottom end of the vertical plate (11), a telescopic rod (13) is installed on the inner side wall of the block body (7) on one side of the vertical plate (11), a clamping structure (22) is arranged on the top end of the vertical plate (11), a transverse plate (3) is arranged above the placement groove (9), push rods (17) are fixed on two sides of one end of the transverse plate (3), temperature measuring structures (23) are arranged on two ends of the bottom of the transverse plate (3), a second screw rod (24) is arranged inside the transverse plate (3), a moving sleeve (25) is sleeved outside the second screw rod (24), a second air cylinder (27) is installed inside the moving sleeve (25), the bottom end of the second air cylinder (27) extends to the outside of the moving sleeve (25) and is fixed with a striking plate (28), a third servo motor (26) is installed on one side of the transverse plate (3), the utility model discloses a support frame, including case shell (1), first screw rod (4), first cylinder (5), support body (19), second servo motor (18) are installed to one side of support body (19), the inside both sides of support body (19) inside all are provided with movable block (20), the both sides of support body (19) bottom all articulate there is clamp splice (21).
2. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the collecting structure (8) comprises a first collecting box (801), a groove (802), a second collecting box (803), a fixture block (804), a bump (805) and a fixing block (806), the bump (805) is fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the first collecting box (801), the fixing block (806) is fixed on the bottom end of the interior of the box shell (1) below the bump (805), the groove (802) is fixed on both side walls of the first collecting box (801), the second collecting box (803) is arranged on both sides of the first collecting box (801), and the fixture block (804) is fixed on one side of the second collecting box (803).
3. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein the cross section of the groove (802) is larger than that of the latch (804), and the second collection box (803) forms a snap-fit structure with the first collection box (801) through the latch (804) and the groove (802).
4. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein a threaded rod is inserted through a bottom end of an inside of the frame body (19), and the moving block (20) is inserted through an inside of the threaded rod.
5. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the clamping structure (22) comprises plates (2201), a fourth servo motor (2202), a third screw (2203), a hinged block (2204), a clamping plate (2205), a fifth servo motor (2206), a housing (2207) and a fifth servo motor (2206), the bottom ends of the plates (2201) are fixedly connected with the top ends of the risers (11), the fourth servo motor (2202) is installed inside the plates (2201), one side of the fourth servo motor (2202) extends to the outside of the plates (2201), the housing (2207) is installed on one side of the plates (2201), struts (2208) are fixed on both ends of one side of the housing (2207), one side of the struts (2208) extends to the inside of the plates (2201), the fifth servo motor (2206) is installed on the top end of the housing (2207), the clamping plate (2205) is hinged to both the top end and the bottom end of the inside of the housing (2207), a third screw rod (2203) is arranged on one side inside the outer shell (2207), a hinge block (2204) is sleeved on the top end of the third screw rod (2203) and the outer portion of the bottom end of the third screw rod, and one side of the hinge block (2204) is hinged to one side of the clamping plate (2205).
6. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein the clamp plate (2205) is configured to be clamped and fixed by a hinge block (2204), a third screw (2203) and a fifth servomotor (2206), and the housing (2207) is configured to be rotated by a fourth servomotor (2202).
7. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring structure (23) comprises a temperature measuring instrument (2301), sleeves (2302) and a mounting plate (2303), the top end of the mounting plate (2303) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the transverse plate (3), the bottom end of the mounting plate (2303) is provided with a plurality of sleeves (2302), and the temperature measuring instrument (2301) is mounted in the sleeves (2302).
8. The forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein through holes are provided at equal intervals at a bottom end of the second housing (2909), and the second housing (2909) and the first housing (2902) are perpendicular to each other.
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| CN202011011205.1A CN112191786B (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Forging process of high-chromium steel forging |
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| CN202011011205.1A CN112191786B (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Forging process of high-chromium steel forging |
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| ZA82973B (en) * | 1981-02-25 | 1983-01-26 | Eaton Corp | Precision forging method |
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| CN211135358U (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-07-31 | 上海南泥锻件有限公司 | Vibration-free full-hydraulic single-arm electro-hydraulic hammer |
| CN210754952U (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-06-16 | 济源市豫北重型冶锻有限公司 | Roller forging cooling device |
| CN210966834U (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-07-10 | 湖南工业大学 | Device for keeping surface temperature of forge piece in forge piece forging process |
| CN111185554B (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2021-07-27 | 山东神力索具有限公司 | Bidirectional hammering type forging and pressing mechanical equipment |
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| JPH10245636A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-09-14 | Samsung Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Method for heating and cooling non-heat treated steel and apparatus thereof |
| JP2009000694A (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2009-01-08 | Ntn Corp | Method for evaluating forging lubricant and die material |
| CN111515327A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆光瑞模具制造有限公司 | Cold forging extrusion tungsten steel die |
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