CN112180420A - Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector - Google Patents

Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112180420A
CN112180420A CN202010319270.4A CN202010319270A CN112180420A CN 112180420 A CN112180420 A CN 112180420A CN 202010319270 A CN202010319270 A CN 202010319270A CN 112180420 A CN112180420 A CN 112180420A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
plastic scintillator
film
silicon photomultiplier
scintillator body
metal film
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Pending
Application number
CN202010319270.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
靳根
王继莲
靳颜羽
陶然
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Ningbo Yongdong Nuclear Radiation Monitoring Co ltd
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Ningbo Yongdong Nuclear Radiation Monitoring Co ltd
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Application filed by Ningbo Yongdong Nuclear Radiation Monitoring Co ltd filed Critical Ningbo Yongdong Nuclear Radiation Monitoring Co ltd
Priority to CN202010319270.4A priority Critical patent/CN112180420A/en
Publication of CN112180420A publication Critical patent/CN112180420A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G01T1/203Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being made of plastics
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G01T1/208Circuits specially adapted for scintillation detectors, e.g. for the photo-multiplier section

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

The plastic scintillator of the present invention comprises: a plastic scintillator body having a straight parallelepiped shape; the outer surfaces of two opposite surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body are provided with metal films; and a semiconductor photosensitive device such as a silicon photomultiplier is bonded to the surface of at least one of the other four surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body. A preparation method of the plastic scintillator comprises the following steps: step one, selecting the plastic scintillator body; step two, plating a metal film; and step three, combining. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the use of the metal plating layer improves the reliability and reduces the framework, the bracket and the protective honeycomb network for fixing the aluminum plating film. The fluorescence photons are directly reflected and totally reflected in the scintillator and output from the side light, so that the collection efficiency of the fluorescence photons is greatly improved. The thickness of the detector can be compressed to be less than 10mm, the area can be spliced freely, and the problem that large-area measurement cannot be achieved due to the fact that the area of the detector is small in the prior art is solved.

Description

Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plastic scintillator, in particular to a plastic scintillator which is structurally puncture-proof by coating an existing plastic scintillator and connecting a silicon photomultiplier tube, and functionally has a higher fluorescent light output ratio.
Background
The measurement of beta particles is applied to radioactive surface contamination, PM2.5, thickness, inert gas,3H and14c core performs measurements of gaseous effluent, environment, drinking water, etc. There are various detectors for measuring beta particles: semiconductor detector, GM counting tube, gas flow type and closed gas type proportional counter, gas flow type and closed gas type ionization chamber, organic or inorganic scintillation detector. The organic scintillation detector is widely used due to the factors of strong environmental adaptability, no deliquescence, convenience for processing into various shapes and the like.
When the plastic scintillator is used for measuring beta particles, firstly, the beta particles are shot into the plastic scintillator, the energy of the beta particles is absorbed by the plastic scintillator and is partially converted into fluorescence photons, the fluorescence photons are photoelectrically converted by the photosensitive device and are amplified by the circuit to become electric pulse signals, and thus, the information of the beta particles is converted into electric signals which can be recorded and processed by subsequent devices. The number of particles measured per unit time and unit area may reflect various information such as surface contamination, PM2.5 concentration, thickness of the object to be measured, concentration of activity of the inert gas, and the like,3H and14the activity concentration of C, whether the beta radioactivity in the drinking water is lower than the national standard and the like.
Measuring beta particles by using a plastic scintillator, and providing the plastic scintillator with a light-sealed environment to avoid interference caused by non-scintillator luminescence; the fluorescent photons are transmitted to the photosensitive device to the maximum extent in a reasonable light transmission mode; the absorption spectrum of the photosensitive device is matched with the spectrum of the fluorescence photons generated when the energy of the beta particles is deposited on the plastic scintillator as much as possible, so that the quantity information of the fluorescence photons can be reflected into the charge quantity information of the photosensitive device to the maximum extent, and further the energy information of the beta particles deposited on the plastic scintillator is reflected; the energy spectrum of the beta particles is a continuous spectrum, and the number of the particles with low energy is larger than that of the particles with high energy, so that a circuit for amplifying signals of the photosensitive device is required to be low in noise, and meanwhile, a shading device of the detector is required to be thin enough to reduce the energy loss of the beta particles on the shading device as much as possible; the fluorescence duration of the plastic scintillator is only about 2-3 ns, which requires that the circuit of the photosensitive device has enough bandwidth and high slew rate.
The light sealing of the existing plastic scintillator detector for measuring beta particles adopts an aluminized polyester film to shield light, a metal or plastic bracket is used for supporting a polyester film, and a honeycomb-shaped protection net is added outside the aluminized polyester film. The light shielding mode of the aluminized polyester film and the bracket and the protective net can lead the beta particles entering the detector to be absorbed by the bracket and the honeycomb-shaped protective net, and the beta detection efficiency of the detector is reduced. In addition, in order to reduce the absorption of beta particles by the aluminized polyester film, the aluminized polyester film generally has a thickness of 2 μm to 4 μm and is easily torn.
The fluorescence of the existing plastic scintillator detector for measuring beta particles is output opposite to the measuring surface of the plastic scintillator, namely, the fluorescence is not output from the side surface of the plastic scintillator, and the photosensitive device collects the fluorescence opposite to the fluorescence output surface. Because the refractive index of the plastic scintillator is generally greater than 1.4, and the refractive index of air is 1.0, only less than 20% of the fluorescence photons generated in the scintillator come out from the light-emitting surface of the scintillator, and a large amount of fluorescence photons are output from the side surface of the scintillator in a total reflection manner. And only a small fraction of the light exiting the sealed cavity is accepted by the light sensitive device. Such a light extraction manner seriously reduces the β detection efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide a plastic scintillator, including: a plastic scintillator body having a right parallelepiped morphology;
the outer surfaces of two opposite surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body are provided with metal films;
the surface of at least one of the other four surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body is electrically connected with a semiconductor photosensitive device such as a silicon photomultiplier tube.
Further, the silicon photomultiplier is fixed on a face of the thin plastic scintillator body.
Further, the semiconductor photosensor such as the silicon photomultiplier is soldered to the circuit board.
Further, the circuit board is electrically connected with a connector and/or an amplifying circuit.
Further, the connector and/or the amplifying circuit are fixed on the circuit board.
Further, the thickness of the metal film is 100-200 nm.
Furthermore, the material of the metal film is at least one of aluminum and titanium.
Further, the plastic scintillator body in the shape of a straight parallelepiped is provided with faces of at least two sizes, and two opposite faces of the plastic scintillator body with the largest area in six faces are provided with the metal films.
A preparation method of the plastic scintillator comprises the following steps:
selecting the plastic scintillator body (3), selecting a plastic scintillator with a straight parallelepiped shape with the length of 10-170 mm, the width of 10-170 mm and the height of 0.3-5 mm as the plastic scintillator body (3), and performing moisture removal, oil removal, stain removal and polishing treatment on the surface of the plastic scintillator body (3);
plating a metal film, namely plating the film on two opposite surfaces except the side surface, adhering a polyimide film or an aluminum film on four surfaces of the side surface for shielding, and stopping plating the film when the thickness of the metal film is 100-200 nm;
and step three, combining, namely taking down the polyimide film or the aluminum film which is adhered to the plastic scintillator body (3) and used for shielding, cleaning a bonding part, welding at least one silicon photomultiplier (2) to the circuit board (1), and adhering the silicon photomultiplier (2) with the circuit board (1) to the surface which is not coated with a film.
The method for plating the metal film in the second step comprises one of vacuum evaporation and ion sputtering.
A beta particle detector is provided with the plastic scintillator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the aluminum-plated layer is used to replace an aluminum-plated polyester film, so that the reliability is improved, and a framework for fixing the aluminum-plated film, a bracket and a honeycomb network for protection are reduced.
(2) The fluorescence photons are directly reflected and totally reflected in the scintillator and output from the side light, so that the collection efficiency of the fluorescence photons is greatly improved.
(3) The thickness of the complete detector can be compressed to be less than 10mm, the area can be spliced freely, and the problem that large-area measurement cannot be achieved due to the small area of the detector in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plastic scintillator according to a first embodiment, which mainly illustrates the connection relationship of components and the shapes of the components.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the technical solutions of the present invention can be understood and appreciated more easily.
In the invention, the length, width and height of the plastic scintillator are not less than the length of the height.
[ EXAMPLES one ]
As shown in fig. one, a plastic scintillator includes: a plastic scintillator body 3 in the shape of a straight parallelepiped 20mm long, 10mm wide, and 1mm high;
in the six faces of the plastic scintillator body 3, a group of opposite faces of 10mm × 20mm are provided with metal films.
In the other four surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body 3, a surface with the size of 10mm multiplied by 1mm is adhered with the silicon photomultiplier 2, the surface is used as a light emergent surface of the plastic scintillator, and the number of the silicon photomultiplier 2 is one, and the size of the silicon photomultiplier is 1mm multiplied by 1 mm.
The silicon photomultiplier 2 is fixed on the light emitting surface.
The silicon photomultiplier is soldered to the circuit board 1.
The circuit board 1 is electrically connected with a connector and an amplifying circuit.
The connector and the amplifying circuit are fixed on the circuit board 1.
The thickness of the metal film is 100 nm.
The metal film is made of aluminum.
A preparation method for preparing the plastic scintillator comprises the following steps:
selecting the plastic scintillator body 3, selecting a plastic scintillator with a straight parallelepiped shape with the length of 20mm, the width of 10mm and the height of 1mm as the plastic scintillator body 3, and sequentially performing moisture removal, oil removal, stain removal and polishing treatment on the surface of the plastic scintillator body 3;
step two, performing vacuum evaporation coating, exposing a group of opposite surfaces of 10mm multiplied by 20mm for coating, adhering polyimide films on the other four surfaces for shielding, and stopping coating when the thickness of the metal film is 100 nm;
and step three, combining, namely taking down the polyimide film which is adhered to the plastic scintillator body 3 and used for shielding, cleaning the adhesion position, adhering a silicon photomultiplier 2 with the size of 1mm multiplied by 1mm to the cleaning position by using optical glue, and welding the circuit board 1 on the silicon photomultiplier 2.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ example two ]
A plastic scintillator, comprising: a plastic scintillator body in the shape of a straight parallelepiped with a length of 90mm, a width of 90mm and a height of 3 mm;
in six faces of the plastic scintillator body, a group of opposite faces of 90mm multiplied by 90mm are provided with metal films.
And silicon photomultiplier tubes are adhered to the surfaces of one of the other four surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body, the number of the silicon photomultipliers 2 is 1, and the size of the silicon photomultipliers is 3mm multiplied by 1 mm.
The silicon photomultiplier is fixed on the surface of the thin plastic scintillator body which is bonded with the silicon photomultiplier.
The silicon photomultiplier is soldered to the circuit board.
The circuit board is electrically connected with a connector.
The connector is fixed on the circuit board.
The thickness of the metal film is 150 nm.
The metal film is made of titanium.
A preparation method for preparing the plastic scintillator comprises the following steps:
selecting the plastic scintillator body, selecting a plastic scintillator with a straight parallelepiped shape with the length of 90mm, the width of 90mm and the height of 3mm as the plastic scintillator body, and sequentially adding water, removing oil, removing stains and polishing on the surface of the plastic scintillator body;
step two, performing ion sputtering coating, exposing a group of opposite surfaces of 90mm multiplied by 90mm for coating, adhering the other four surfaces to be covered by adopting an aluminum foil in advance, and stopping coating when the thickness of the metal film is 150 nm;
and step three, combining, namely taking down the polyimide film or the aluminum foil which is adhered to the plastic scintillator body and used for shielding, cleaning the adhesion part, welding a 3mm multiplied by 1mm silicon photomultiplier to the circuit board, and adhering the silicon photomultiplier with the circuit board to the surface of the plastic scintillator body which is not coated with a film.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE III ]
A plastic scintillator, comprising: a plastic scintillator body in the shape of a straight parallelepiped with a length of 150mm, a width of 130mm and a height of 5 mm;
in six sides of the plastic scintillator body, a group of opposite surfaces with the length of 150mm and the width of 130mm is provided with a metal film.
In the other four surfaces of the thin plastic scintillator body, the surface of one surface is electrically connected with one silicon photomultiplier, and the number of the silicon photomultiplier is one, and the silicon photomultiplier is 3mm multiplied by 1mm in size.
The silicon photomultiplier is soldered to the circuit board.
The circuit board is electrically connected with an amplifying circuit.
The amplifying circuit is fixed on the circuit board.
The thickness of the metal film is 200 nm.
The metal film is made of aluminum.
A preparation method for preparing the plastic scintillator comprises the following steps:
selecting the plastic scintillator body, selecting a plastic scintillator with a straight parallelepiped shape with the length of 150mm, the width of 130mm and the height of 5mm as the plastic scintillator body, and sequentially removing water, oil, stain and polishing on the surface of the plastic scintillator body;
step two, performing ion sputtering coating, exposing a group of opposite surfaces of 150mm multiplied by 130mm for coating, adhering polyimide films or aluminum foils on the other four surfaces for shielding in advance, and stopping coating when the thickness of the metal film is 200 nm;
and step three, combining, namely taking down the polyimide film or the aluminum foil which is adhered to the plastic scintillator body and used for shielding, cleaning the bonding part, and optically adhering a 3mm multiplied by 1mm silicon photomultiplier to the surface of the plastic scintillator body which is not coated with the film.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE IV ]
The two products of the first example are spliced side by side to form a plastic scintillator with a 20mm by 20mm coated area.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE V ]
The difference from the first embodiment: the number of the silicon photomultiplier tubes is 8.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE six ]
The difference from the first embodiment: the number of the silicon photomultiplier tubes is 5.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE VII ]
Four of the products of example five were spliced to form a plastic scintillator with a coating area of 40mm by 20 mm.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ example eight ]
The difference from the first embodiment: the plastic scintillator body is 100mm long, 10mm wide and 2mm high.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE ninth ]
The difference from the first embodiment: the plastic scintillator body is 170mm long, 170mm wide and 5mm high.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
[ EXAMPLE eleven ]
The difference from the first embodiment: the plastic scintillator body is 10mm long, 10mm wide and 5mm high.
The plastic scintillator is arranged in the beta particle detector.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the implementation of the invention is not limited in the above manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various modifications of the inventive method concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without modification.

Claims (10)

1. A plastic scintillator, comprising: plastic scintillator body (3) with a straight parallelepiped shape, characterized in that:
the outer surface of at least one surface of the plastic scintillator body (3) is provided with a metal film;
and semiconductor photosensitive devices such as silicon photomultiplier tubes (2) are bonded on the surface of at least one surface of the plastic scintillator body (3).
2. The plastic scintillator of claim 1, wherein: the silicon photomultiplier (2) is fixed on the surface of the plastic scintillator body (3).
3. The plastic scintillator of claim 1, wherein: the silicon photomultiplier (2) is welded on the circuit board (1).
4. A plastic scintillator according to claim 3, wherein: the circuit board (1) is electrically connected with a connector and/or an amplifying circuit.
5. The plastic scintillator of claim 4, wherein: the connector and/or the amplifying circuit are/is fixed on the circuit board (1).
6. The plastic scintillator of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the metal film is 100-200 nm.
7. A plastic scintillator according to claim 1, wherein: the metal film is made of at least one of aluminum and titanium.
8. A plastic scintillator according to claim 1, wherein: the scintillator body (3) is provided with faces of at least two sizes, and the metal film is arranged on a group of opposite faces with the largest area in six faces of the plastic scintillator body (3).
9. A production method for producing the plastic scintillator described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting the plastic scintillator body (3), selecting a plastic scintillator with a straight parallelepiped shape with the length of 10-170 mm, the width of 10-170 mm and the height of 0.3-5 mm as the plastic scintillator body (3), and sequentially carrying out moisture removal, oil removal, stain removal and polishing treatment on the surface of the plastic scintillator body (3);
plating a metal film, exposing a group of opposite surfaces with the length and the width, performing film plating, adhering polyimide films or aluminum films on the other four surfaces for shielding in advance, and stopping film plating when the thickness of the metal film is 100-200 nm;
and step three, combining, namely taking down the polyimide film or the aluminum film which is adhered to the plastic scintillator body (3) and used for shielding, cleaning a bonding part, welding at least one silicon photomultiplier (2) to the circuit board (1), and adhering the silicon photomultiplier (2) with the circuit board (1) to the surface which is not coated with a film.
10. A beta particle detector, characterized by: the beta particle detector is provided with a plastic scintillator according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202010319270.4A 2020-04-21 2020-04-21 Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector Pending CN112180420A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010319270.4A CN112180420A (en) 2020-04-21 2020-04-21 Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010319270.4A CN112180420A (en) 2020-04-21 2020-04-21 Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1952689A (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-25 原子高科股份有限公司 scintillation activity meter
US20090236533A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2009-09-24 Symetrica Limited Spectrometer with plastic scintillator provided with a specular reflector
CN203595812U (en) * 2013-11-21 2014-05-14 湖北方圆环保科技有限公司 Plastic scintillator detector
CN203773061U (en) * 2014-02-25 2014-08-13 中国人民解放军63973部队 Light sealing structure of alpha and beta ray detector
CN204203472U (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-11 西安核仪器厂 A kind of α, β radiating surface pollution detection device
CN105988132A (en) * 2014-09-23 2016-10-05 中国科学技术大学 X-ray detector and packaging method thereof
US20180164444A1 (en) * 2015-06-03 2018-06-14 Mitsubishi Electric Plant Engineering Corporation Radioactive contamination inspection apparatus
CN110376635A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-10-25 浙江大学 Measure the laboratory apparatus and measurement method in cosmic ray μ service life
CN210038175U (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-02-07 中广核工程有限公司 Detector for measuring activity of radioactive inert gas

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1952689A (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-25 原子高科股份有限公司 scintillation activity meter
US20090236533A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2009-09-24 Symetrica Limited Spectrometer with plastic scintillator provided with a specular reflector
CN203595812U (en) * 2013-11-21 2014-05-14 湖北方圆环保科技有限公司 Plastic scintillator detector
CN203773061U (en) * 2014-02-25 2014-08-13 中国人民解放军63973部队 Light sealing structure of alpha and beta ray detector
CN105988132A (en) * 2014-09-23 2016-10-05 中国科学技术大学 X-ray detector and packaging method thereof
CN204203472U (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-11 西安核仪器厂 A kind of α, β radiating surface pollution detection device
US20180164444A1 (en) * 2015-06-03 2018-06-14 Mitsubishi Electric Plant Engineering Corporation Radioactive contamination inspection apparatus
CN210038175U (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-02-07 中广核工程有限公司 Detector for measuring activity of radioactive inert gas
CN110376635A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-10-25 浙江大学 Measure the laboratory apparatus and measurement method in cosmic ray μ service life

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Inventor after: Jin Gen

Inventor after: Cheng Jinxing

Inventor after: Wang Jilian

Inventor after: Jin Yanyu

Inventor after: Tao Ran

Inventor after: Wang Qingbo

Inventor after: Wen Weiwei

Inventor after: Wu Youpeng

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Application publication date: 20210105