CN1952689A - scintillation activity meter - Google Patents
scintillation activity meter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1952689A CN1952689A CN 200510109213 CN200510109213A CN1952689A CN 1952689 A CN1952689 A CN 1952689A CN 200510109213 CN200510109213 CN 200510109213 CN 200510109213 A CN200510109213 A CN 200510109213A CN 1952689 A CN1952689 A CN 1952689A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- photomultiplier
- scintillator
- crystal
- activity meter
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ORCSMBGZHYTXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth;germanium;dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ge].[Ge].[Ge].[Bi].[Bi].[Bi].[Bi] ORCSMBGZHYTXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UKJQNJLTYFTREH-UHFFFAOYSA-J lithium triiodoeuropium iodide Chemical compound [Li]I.I[Eu](I)I UKJQNJLTYFTREH-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- VFXKJLJXBCWMLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2].[Ag+] VFXKJLJXBCWMLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010016275 Fear Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005025 nuclear technology Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005260 alpha ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear technology application and measuring instruments, and particularly relates to a scintillation activity meter. The activity meter comprises a probe support, a divider resistor is arranged on the support, a photomultiplier is arranged on the divider resistor, a scintillator is arranged on the photomultiplier, and a signal output connector connected with an anode of the photomultiplier and a high-voltage connector connected with the photomultiplier through the divider resistor are arranged below the probe support. Because the detector probe uses the scintillation crystal instead of the ionization chamber with thicker wall, the cutoff energy threshold and the working voltage of the nuclide to be detected are both reduced, alpha and beta charged particles can be measured, the efficiency of measuring the nuclide emitting low-energy photons is higher, and the sensitivity of the detector is improved because the photomultiplier is used and a pulse signal can be measured. Different crystals can be selected as detectors for measurement according to different nuclide types, so that the cost is greatly reduced, and the method is more economical and practical for middle-size and small-scale and county-level hospitals.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Application of Nuclear Technology, measurement instrument field, be specifically related to a kind of flicker activity meter.
Background technology
Activity is counted the instrument of measuring radioactivity, and it is widely used in examining research and teaching, Application of Nuclear Technology, particularly examines medical institutions etc.
The detector of existing activity meter is an ionization chamber, its detection method is that radioactive source to be measured is inserted the sealing ionization chamber, high voltage by about 800v separates negative ions, to form direct current signal output, the direct current signal size is linear within the specific limits with the activity of radioactive source, the direct current signal of output amplifies by amplifier, carries out data processing and demonstration again, can record the activity of radioactive source.The problem that existing activity meter exists is: because ionization chamber sensitivity is lower, so the detector of this activity meter is general to be adopted and fills with hyperbar, the mass number sealing ionization chamber than atmospheric, again because the complex effect of ionization chamber, the range of linearity is narrow, just need higher operating voltage in order to enlarge the range of linearity, this activity meter in principle can only measurement of photon, and not energy measurement α, β charged particle, high-pressure ionization chamber's wall is thicker, thereby the cut-off threshold of measurement of photon is higher, and is also lower to the efficient of measuring emission lower energy photon nucleic.Because the kind of its energy measurement nucleic is a lot, so need come the calibrated scale coefficient to cost an arm and a leg with more standard source, because this activity meter ionization chamber needs vacuum seal, the processing technology difficulty be big again, the expense height, and small-middle hospital is accepted difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing activity meter operating voltage height, need fill gases at high pressure, it is few to measure particle kind, and problems such as cut-off threshold height and cost height provide a kind of and can measure multiple particle, activity meter that range-of-motion is bigger.
A kind of flicker activity meter, comprise probe bracket, on support, be provided with divider resistance in addition, divider resistance is provided with photomultiplier, on photomultiplier, be provided with scintillator, below probe bracket, be provided with signal output connector that is connected with the anode of photomultiplier and the high pressure connection that links to each other with photomultiplier by divider resistance.
By above-mentioned solution as can be seen, because what detector probe was used is scintillation crystal, rather than the thicker ionization chamber of wall, so cut-off threshold and the operating voltage to nucleic to be measured all reduces, also can measure α, β charged particle, to the efficient of measuring emission lower energy photon nucleic also than higher, owing to used photomultiplier, and can measure pulse signal, make detector sensitivity improve.Can select for use different crystal to measure according to the difference of measuring the nucleic kind, greatly reduce cost like this as detector, for middle-size and small-size, County Hospital is more economical, practical.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a flicker activity meter side cross-sectional view.
Among the figure, 1. probe cover, 2. scintillator, 3. photomultiplier, 4. probe wall, 5. probe bracket, 6. signal output connector, 7. high pressure connection, 8. crystal well, 9. radioactive source to be measured, 10. divider resistance.
Embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.
On probe bracket 5, be provided with the assembly that closely connects to form in turn by divider resistance 10, photomultiplier 3 and scintillator 2 as shown in the figure, this assembly places in the probe wall 4 of cylinder annular, probe wall 4 is provided with probe cover 1, the material that probe wall 4 and probe cover 1 uses and in the past in the activity meter material of shell use identical, just owing to the pressure that does not need to bear gases at high pressure, so its thickness can reduce greatly.Above said divider resistance 10 be used for to the photomultiplier dividing potential drop.The photocathode and the scintillator of the general model that photomultiplier 3 is selected for use join, and scintillator 2 can be selected organic scintillator for use, also can select inorganic scintillator for use.Its size dimension was according to fixedly specification manufacturing when employed scintillator 2 was solid, and was provided with a groove on scintillator 2, and this groove is called crystal well 8.Radioactive source 9 to be measured just places crystal well 8.When the scintillator 2 that uses during, the container that liquid scintillator 2 is housed is placed directly in the cavity of being made up of photomultiplier 3 and probe wall 4, and the use amount of scintillator 2 to not have radioactive source 9 to be measured as liquid.Also draw two joints in addition in the preformed hole of probe bracket 5, these two joints are respectively signal output connector 6 and high pressure connection 7.The anode of photomultiplier (3) is connected with computing machine by signal output connector 6, and high pressure connection (7) connects the high-tension electricity of 300V～500V, and this voltage is the operating voltage of photomultiplier.
When will detect, at first select scintillator 2 to certain radioactive source.Scintillator 2 is selected organic scintillator for use when in general measuring charged particle, measures gamma-ray the time scintillator 2 and selects inorganic scintillator for use, is used to measure charged particle but unique special case is a zinc sulphide.Rule of thumb when measuring different rays, the scintillator of selecting for use 2 is also different, and measurement alpha-ray scintillation body 2 can be selected any one in zinc sulphide (silver) crystal, anthracene crystal or the plastic scintillant for use; Measurement beta scintillator 2 can be selected any one in anthracene crystal, terphenyl crystal, plastic scintillant or the liquid scintillator for use; Measure gamma-rays scintillator 2 and can select sodium iodide (thallium) crystal, cesium iodide (thallium) crystal or bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal for use; Measurement neutron scintilator 2 can be selected any one in lithium iodide (europium) crystal, plastic scintillant or the liquid scintillator for use.What plastic scintillant recited above and liquid scintillator were selected for use is to have bought any one model from the market.According to the scintillator of selecting 2, radioactive source 9 to be measured is put in the crystal well 8 of scintillator 2 or places in the liquid scintillator 2.By high pressure connection 7 and 10 pairs of photomultiplier 3 making alives of divider resistance, 300～500V.When the ray that is sent by radioactive source 9 to be measured sees through scintillator 2, make it that scintillation take place, send photon, these photons hit and will make photocathode emit photoelectron on the photocathode of photomultiplier 3.Because can get 3～6 times photoelectron when photomultiplier 3 each multiplier electrode are bombarded by photoelectron, and on each dynode, be added with the positive voltage that increases progressively successively, so the electronics that photocathode sends will constantly quicken between dynode and propagation, produce enough big signal, to form the output of direct current signal or pulse signal; What measure when the activity of radioactive source 9 to be measured is very little is pulse signal, what measure when the activity of radioactive source 9 to be measured is very big is direct current signal, direct current signal or pulse signal size are linear within the specific limits with the activity of radioactive source, the direct current signal of output or pulse signal are by after amplifying, just can export to computing machine via signal output connector 6 and carry out data processing and demonstration, resulting data are the activity of radioactive source.
Claims (3)
1. flicker activity meter, comprise probe bracket (5), it is characterized in that: support (5) is provided with divider resistance (10), divider resistance (10) is provided with photomultiplier (3), on photomultiplier (3), be provided with scintillator (2), below probe bracket (5), be provided with signal output connector (6) that is connected with the anode of photomultiplier (3) and the high pressure connection (7) that links to each other with photomultiplier (3) by divider resistance.
2. flicker activity meter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with probe wall (4) in divider resistance (10), photomultiplier (3) and scintillator (2) outside; On probe wall (4), be provided with probe cover (1).
3. flicker activity meter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: said scintillator (2) is zinc sulphide (silver) crystal or fears crystal or plastic scintillant or terphenyl crystal or liquid scintillator or sodium iodide (thallium) crystal or cesium iodide (thallium) crystal or bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal or a kind of with in lithium iodide (europium) crystal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510109213 CN1952689A (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2005-10-19 | scintillation activity meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510109213 CN1952689A (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2005-10-19 | scintillation activity meter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1952689A true CN1952689A (en) | 2007-04-25 |
Family
ID=38059129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510109213 Pending CN1952689A (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2005-10-19 | scintillation activity meter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1952689A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101634640B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-08-31 | 中核(北京)核仪器厂 | Comprehensive test device of nuclear technology and component connection method thereof |
| CN103135118A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-05 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Gamma radioactive source absolute activity measuring method |
| CN103951224A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-30 | 宁波大学 | Rare-earth-ion-doped LiI microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN104777506A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 安徽养和医疗器械设备有限公司 | Liquid scintillation counter |
| CN104898157A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-09 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Device and method for measuring neutron dose equivalent |
| CN104898158A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-09 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Method and device for measuring neutron dose equivalent |
| CN105181716A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-23 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Liquid scintillation spectrometer fast analysis method of total alpha/beta in water |
| CN106324657A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Plastic scintillator doped with neutron-sensitive material lithium and method thereof for measuring thermal neutrons |
| CN107272044A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | One kind measurement85Kr interior Gas Filled Detector |
| CN108039217A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-15 | 中核控制系统工程有限公司 | A kind of screening arrangement for well type scintillation detector |
| CN108802794A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of radioactive activity transmits measuring device and its activity measurement method |
| CN112180420A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波甬东核辐射监测有限公司 | Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector |
-
2005
- 2005-10-19 CN CN 200510109213 patent/CN1952689A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101634640B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-08-31 | 中核(北京)核仪器厂 | Comprehensive test device of nuclear technology and component connection method thereof |
| CN103135118A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-05 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Gamma radioactive source absolute activity measuring method |
| CN103135118B (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2015-04-29 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Gamma radioactive source absolute activity measuring method |
| CN104898158B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2019-02-15 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Neutron DE measurement method and measuring device |
| CN104898157A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-09 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Device and method for measuring neutron dose equivalent |
| CN104898158A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-09 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Method and device for measuring neutron dose equivalent |
| CN104898157B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2019-02-22 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Neutron DE measuring device and measuring method |
| CN103951224A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-30 | 宁波大学 | Rare-earth-ion-doped LiI microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN103951224B (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2016-04-27 | 宁波大学 | Rare earth ion doped LiI devitrified glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN104777506A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 安徽养和医疗器械设备有限公司 | Liquid scintillation counter |
| CN106324657A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Plastic scintillator doped with neutron-sensitive material lithium and method thereof for measuring thermal neutrons |
| CN106324657B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2019-04-23 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | The method adulterated the plastic scintillant of neutron-sensitive substance lithium and its measure thermal neutron |
| CN105181716A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-23 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | Liquid scintillation spectrometer fast analysis method of total alpha/beta in water |
| CN107272044A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | One kind measurement85Kr interior Gas Filled Detector |
| CN108039217A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-15 | 中核控制系统工程有限公司 | A kind of screening arrangement for well type scintillation detector |
| CN108802794A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of radioactive activity transmits measuring device and its activity measurement method |
| CN108802794B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2024-05-14 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radioactivity transfer measurement device and activity measurement method thereof |
| CN112180420A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-01-05 | 宁波甬东核辐射监测有限公司 | Plastic scintillator and preparation method thereof, and beta particle detector |
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