CN106597517B - The alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator - Google Patents
The alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106597517B CN106597517B CN201710067073.6A CN201710067073A CN106597517B CN 106597517 B CN106597517 B CN 106597517B CN 201710067073 A CN201710067073 A CN 201710067073A CN 106597517 B CN106597517 B CN 106597517B
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- Prior art keywords
- scintillator
- electrode
- alive
- pair
- probe
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/204—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a liquid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/205—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a gas
Abstract
The invention discloses the alive scintillator probes of a kind of pair of scintillator, common scintillator probe is reequiped, scintillator is applied with and is superimposed by diametral voltage and axial voltage vector and is formed compound field, gamma-rays is after scintillator generates secondary electron, radial electric field assembles secondary electron to scintillator center, reduce secondary electron leakage, reduce the absolute statistic fluctuation for being deposited on and flashing intracorporal energy, axial electric field increases secondary electron kinetic energy, increase finally formed voltage pulse height, reduce the relative statistic fluctuation of pulse height, and then improve the resolution ratio of scintillation detector.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ray energy spectrum fields of measurement, the alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator is dodged to cylinder
Bright body applies diametral voltage and axial voltage forms compound field, increases the fluorescence number that gamma ray generates in scintillator, into
And the resolution ratio of probe and the scintillator probe of detection efficient are improved, in the relevant industrial and agricultural production of nuclear radiation spectral measurement and section
The field of grinding has a wide range of applications.
Background technique
Scintillator detector is the most widely used detector of field of nuclear radiation measurement, by taking NaI (Tl) detector as an example,
Its detection efficient is high, but resolution ratio and time response be much worse than high purity germanium detector, and high purity germanium detector is expensive, and needs
Liquid nitrogen refrigerating is used to inhibit noise, maintenance cost is higher.
The principle of scintillator detector detected ray power spectrum is that, when gamma-rays enters scintillator, gamma-rays and scintillator are sent out
Third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse electrical effect, Compton effect and pair effect generate secondary electron, and secondary electron causes the electricity of scintillator molecular atoms
From and excitation, when atom and molecule de excitation generate fluorescent photon, the photocathode that fluorescent photon gets to photomultiplier tube causes photoelectricity to be imitated
Photoelectron should be generated, is focused by focusing electrode and enters dynode, electronics to form electronic impulse by doubling, by Subsequent electronic system
Record, the quantity and energy of the secondary electron that gamma-rays generates directly affect the size and statistic fluctuation degree of electronic impulse.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to form the electric field of specific direction in scintillator by reordering scintillator to high pressure,
The secondary electron for generating gamma-rays in scintillator is assembled to scintillator center, makes electronics not from scintillator edge leakage, energy
Amount is completely deposited in scintillator, and increases certain kinetic energy to electronics, increases the fluorescent photon number of generation, improve resolution ratio and
Detection efficient.
To realize that the above-mentioned target present invention is realized using following technical measures：A kind of pair of alive scintillator of scintillator
Probe, mainly by cylindrical scintillator (1) and scintillator central electrode (2), peripheral electrode (5), preceding electrode (3), rear electricity
Pole (4), DC high-voltage power supply (9) and the photomultiplier tube composition including photocathode and focusing electrode (12), dynode (11), by straight
Flowing high voltage power supply (9) by central electrode (2), peripheral electrode (5), preceding electrode (3), rear electrode (4) is that scintillator (1) applies height
Piezoelectric field.Scintillator (1) fills magnesia optical reflecting layer (6) outside, is sealed by end window (7), encapsulating shell (8) and optical glass (10)
Dress, packaged scintillator are close to the photocathode and focusing electrode (12) of photomultiplier tube, are followed by the dynode of photomultiplier tube
(11), it is powered by power supply stitch (14) by anode (13), photomultiplier transit pipe shell (15) protects internal electrode.
The scintillator (1) is cylindrical inorganic scintillation crystal, liquid scintillator or gas scintillator.
The scintillator central electrode (2) is the platinum filament or filamentary silver of diameter 0.1mm, is located at scintillator (1) center, with preceding electricity
Pole (3) distance 2mm, contacts with rear electrode (4).
The peripheral electrode (5) is the transparent tin indium oxide (ITO) of vapor deposition or magnetron sputtering in scintillator (1) side,
But it is not contacted with preceding electrode (3) and rear electrode (4).
The preceding electrode (3), rear electrode (4) are vapor deposition or magnetron sputtering in the transparent of scintillator (1) top and bottom
Tin indium oxide (ITO).
DC high-voltage power supply (9) the adjustable voltage range is in 0V to negative 20kV, electrode (3) and periphery electricity before cathode connects
Pole (5), rear electrode (4) and central electrode (2) ground connection.
The present invention reequips common scintillator detector, is applied with scintillator by diametral voltage and axial electricity
It presses vector superposed formation compound field to assemble secondary electron to scintillator center, reduces secondary electron leakage, it is heavy to reduce
Product increases secondary electron energy, increases the electronic impulse height to be formed in the uncertainty for flashing intracorporal energy, reduces
The relative statistic fluctuation of pulse strength, and then improve the resolution ratio of scintillation detector.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is side schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is scintillator sectional view of the present invention.
1- scintillator, 2- central electrode, electrode before 3-, electrode after 4-, 5- peripheral electrode, 6- optical reflecting layer, 7- end window,
8- encapsulating shell, 9- DC high-voltage power supply, 10- optical glass, 11- dynode, 12- photocathode and focusing electrode, 13- anode, 14- electricity
Source stitch, 15- photomultiplier transit pipe shell.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples
Embodiment 1
The alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator at the center of cylindrical scintillator (1) as shown in Figure 1, bury
Central electrode (2), cylinder vapor deposition or one layer of magnetron sputtering of peripheral electrode (5), the top and bottom of scintillator (1) are deposited respectively
Or the preceding electrode of magnetron sputtering transparent membrane (3) and rear electrode (4), DC high-voltage power supply (9) cathode and preceding electrode (3) and periphery are electric
Pole (5) connection, positive and rear electrode (4) and central electrode (2) connect and ground, scintillator bottom are close to optical glass (10)
It electrode (4) and is coupled afterwards with silicone oil, the optical reflecting layer (6) of the magnesium oxide powder of scintillator top surface and side external application insulation is filled out
It fills, and is encapsulated with the end window (7) and encapsulating shell (8) of polyethylene or polypropylene plastics matter.Photomultiplier tube is by photocathode and focusing
Pole (12), dynode (11), anode (13), power supply stitch (14) and photomultiplier transit pipe shell (15) composition, photocathode and focusing
Pole (12) front connect with optical glass (10) and is coupled with silicone oil.
The alive scintillator rotor working process of a kind of pair of scintillator is as follows, after gamma-rays enters scintillator (1), with sudden strain of a muscle
The effects of photoelectric effect, Compton effect and pair effect occur for bright body, generates a large amount of secondary free electrons, and free electron exists
Under the compound field formed by the axial electric field that the radial electric field of surrounding is directed toward at cylindrical scintillator body center and top is directed toward in bottom,
Free electron is gathered under radial electric field effect to scintillator center, and obtains accelerating to increase electronics under axial electric field effect
Kinetic energy, free electron act on again with scintillator atom and molecule, are the ionization of scintillator atom and molecule or excitation, if scintillator is former
Sub- molecule is excited, and can generate fluorescent photon in electron outside nucleus de excitation, the free electron if continuing to ionize out free electron
Continue to be focused and accelerate, and acted on scintillator atom and molecule ionization or excitation occurs again, final electron energy is completely heavy
Product is in scintillator and compound with cation.One energy of γ ray is eventually converted into a large amount of fluorescent photons, since fluorescence is 4 π
Solid angle transmitting, therefore the optical reflecting layer (6) that magnesium oxide powder is covered outside scintillator reflects most photons from scintillator
Bottom outlet, the photocathode and focusing electrode (12) of photomultiplier tube are entered by optical glass (10), and photon occurs in photocathode
Photoelectric effect generates photoelectron, focuses by focusing electrode, into the dynode (11) of photomultiplier tube, a photoelectron, which is beaten, to be beaten
By that can generate the lower secondary emission electron of multiple energy on extremely, dynode is divided into multilayer, has voltage difference between every layer of dynode,
Secondary emission electron is accelerated to beat in the electric field between dynode generates more polyelectron again on next dynode, such light
Electronics quantity on level-one grade dynode doubles, and a voltage pulse signal is finally formed on anode (13).Gamma-ray energy
Amount is substantially proportional to the fluorescent photon number N generated, on fluorescent photon number N and anode (13) the height V of voltage pulse substantially at
Direct ratio pops one's head in and depends on the exhausted of a large amount of equally finally formed voltage pulse height of gamma-rays of energy to gamma-ray resolution ratio
To statistic fluctuation Δ V.Scintillator is applied with after being superimposed the compound field formed by diametral voltage and axial voltage vector, it is radial
Electric field is that secondary electron energy is assembled to scintillator center, reduces secondary electron and leaks from the escape of scintillator, makes energy more
More is deposited in scintillator, decreases the gamma-rays of identical energy because of the energy sum number that the escape of each secondary electron leaks
Amount it is different and caused by fluorescent photon number N absolute statistic fluctuation Δ N, and then absolute count for reducing voltage pulse height is risen
Δ V is fallen, axial voltage accelerates secondary electron and increases secondary electron kinetic energy, so that the fluorescent photon quantity N finally generated increases
Add and the statistic fluctuation Δ N of number of photons is constant, the relative statistic fluctuation Δ N/N of such fluorescent photon quantity reduces, and then is formed
The relative statistic fluctuation Δ V/V of voltage pulse height reduce, this two o'clock all improves probe resolution ratio.
The scintillator (1) is inorganic scintillation crystal, packaged liquid scintillator or gas scintillator, diameter and high phase
Together.
The scintillator central electrode (2) is the platinum filament or filamentary silver of diameter 0.1mm, is located at scintillator (1) center, with preceding electricity
Pole (3) distance 2mm, connect with rear electrode (4).
The peripheral electrode (5) is the transparent tin indium oxide (ITO) of vapor deposition or magnetron sputtering in scintillator (1) side,
But it is not connected to preceding electrode (3) and rear electrode (4).
The preceding electrode (3), rear electrode (4) are vapor deposition or magnetron sputtering in the transparent of scintillator (1) top and bottom
Tin indium oxide (ITO).
DC high-voltage power supply (9) the adjustable voltage range is in 0V to negative 20kV, electrode (3) and periphery electricity before cathode connects
Pole (5), rear electrode (4) and central electrode (2) ground connection.
The end window (7) and encapsulating shell (8) are the polyethylene or polypropylene plastics material of insulation.
Claims (6)
1. the alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator, which is characterized in that during the center of cylindrical scintillator (1) is buried
Heart electrode (2), scintillator cylinder have one layer of peripheral electrode (5), and there are transparent membrane in the top and bottom of scintillator (1) respectively
Preceding electrode (3) and rear electrode (4), DC high-voltage power supply (9) cathode connect with preceding electrode (3) and peripheral electrode (5), anode with
Electrode (4) and central electrode (2) connect and ground afterwards, scintillator bottom optical glass (10) electrode (4) and use silicon after being close to
Optical reflecting layer (6) filling of the magnesium oxide powder of oil coupling, scintillator top surface and side external application insulation, and with polyethylene or gather
The end window (7) and encapsulating shell (8) of Acrylic plastic matter encapsulate；Photomultiplier tube by photocathode and focusing electrode (12), dynode (11),
Anode (13), power supply stitch (14) and photomultiplier transit pipe shell (15) composition, photocathode and focusing electrode (12) front and optics glass
Glass (10) is connected and is coupled with silicone oil.
2. the alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the scintillator (1)
For inorganic scintillation crystal, packaged liquid scintillator or gas scintillator, diameter is identical as height.
3. the alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the central electrode
(2) platinum filament or filamentary silver for being diameter 0.1mm, is located at scintillator (1) center, with preceding electrode (3) distance 2mm, connects with rear electrode (4)
It connects.
4. the alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the peripheral electrode
(5) for vapor deposition or magnetron sputtering scintillator (1) side transparent tin indium oxide (ITO), but with preceding electrode (3) and rear electrode
(4) it is not connected to, preceding electrode (3), rear electrode (4) are the transparent oxygen of vapor deposition or magnetron sputtering in scintillator (1) top and bottom
Change indium tin (ITO).
5. the alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the high direct voltage
Power supply (9) adjustable voltage range is in 0V to negative 20kV, electrode (3) and peripheral electrode (5) before cathode connects, rear electrode (4) and in
Heart electrode (2) ground connection.
6. a kind of pair of scintillator alive scintillator probe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the end window (7) and
Encapsulating shell (8) is the polyethylene or polypropylene plastics material of insulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710067073.6A CN106597517B (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | The alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710067073.6A CN106597517B (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | The alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106597517A CN106597517A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
| CN106597517B true CN106597517B (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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| CN201710067073.6A Expired - Fee Related CN106597517B (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | The alive scintillator probe of a kind of pair of scintillator |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107390251B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-05-28 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Scintillation crystal assembly, packaging method and the detector of anhydrous encapsulation |
| CN107505647A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-12-22 | 吉林大学 | The improved structure of scintillation detector under a kind of neutron activation environment |
| CN107362445A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-11-21 | 东北师范大学 | Anticancer targeting medicine points to electrostatic field resultant vector intensifier |
| WO2019055805A1 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2019-03-21 | Perkinelmer Health Sciences, Inc. | Systems and methods for emulating scintillation events using an electronic test source |
| CN107688193A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-02-13 | 吉林大学 | A kind of scintillation detector of new high photon efficiency of transmission |
| CN109669206A (en) * | 2019-03-03 | 2019-04-23 | 南昌华亮光电有限责任公司 | Circulating type liquid scintillator intelligence energy disperse spectroscopy system and its signal processing method |
| CN111025370A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-17 | 南昌大学 | Radiation sensing device made of two-state functional material and assembling method thereof |
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| DE3733114A1 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-07 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | RADIATION DETECTOR |
| CN1564022A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-01-12 | 谢舒平 | Method and appts. for gamma radiation detection imaging |
| CN101581788A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-11-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Gas scintillation proportional counter |
| CN203745659U (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-30 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Pulse charged particle beam detector |
| CN104350576A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-02-11 | 西门子公司 | A detector for radiation, particularly high energy electromagnetic radiation |
| CN105339810A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-02-17 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Semiconductor scintillation detector |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8063378B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2011-11-22 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | High-energy detector |
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2017
- 2017-02-06 CN CN201710067073.6A patent/CN106597517B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3733114A1 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-07 | Toshiba Kawasaki Kk | RADIATION DETECTOR |
| CN1564022A (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-01-12 | 谢舒平 | Method and appts. for gamma radiation detection imaging |
| CN101581788A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-11-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Gas scintillation proportional counter |
| CN104350576A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-02-11 | 西门子公司 | A detector for radiation, particularly high energy electromagnetic radiation |
| CN105339810A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-02-17 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Semiconductor scintillation detector |
| CN203745659U (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-07-30 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Pulse charged particle beam detector |
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| CN106597517A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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Inventor after: Lu Jingbin Inventor after: Xu Xu Inventor after: Zhao Long Inventor after: Zhang Wei Inventor after: Gong Yalin Inventor before: Xu Xu Inventor before: Lu Jingbin Inventor before: Zhao Long Inventor before: Zhang Wei Inventor before: Gong Yalin |
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Granted publication date: 20181123 Termination date: 20220206 |