CN112167151A - Water ecosystem using 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp bighead carp and xenocypris catfish as core algae control - Google Patents

Water ecosystem using 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp bighead carp and xenocypris catfish as core algae control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112167151A
CN112167151A CN202011111064.0A CN202011111064A CN112167151A CN 112167151 A CN112167151 A CN 112167151A CN 202011111064 A CN202011111064 A CN 202011111064A CN 112167151 A CN112167151 A CN 112167151A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
carp
microcystis
catfish
silver carp
daphnia magna
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202011111064.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张毅敏
张哲�
高月香
朱月明
于江华
杨飞
赖秋英
钱玲
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Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences MEE
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Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences MEE
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Priority to CN202011111064.0A priority Critical patent/CN112167151A/en
Publication of CN112167151A publication Critical patent/CN112167151A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management

Abstract

The invention discloses an aquatic ecosystem for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp bighead carp and catfish as cores, wherein 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp bighead carp and catfish are simultaneously released and cultured in a closed water ecosystem with microcystis, and 62Dm daphnia magna is taken as a primary microcystis consumer to filter and feed microcystis, increase biological nutrition level and prolong food chain; the silver carp and bighead carp filter the microcystis and 62Dm daphnia magna, the digestion capacity of the silver carp and bighead carp can not cause physiological fatal damage to the microcystis, and the catfish eats the microcystis and the excretion of the silver carp and bighead carp and further digests the microcystis in the feces of the silver carp and bighead carp to ensure that the activity of the microcystis is completely lost. By arranging the closed water ecosystem, the invention overcomes the defects that the field environment can not be used for accurately controlling algae research and substance migration and transformation research, and can more accurately control the water environment to achieve the conditions required by experiments. The problem that the silver carp and bighead carp grow again when eating microcystis is solved by adding the silver carp and bighead carp and the xenocyprus into the closed water tank.

Description

Water ecosystem using 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp bighead carp and xenocypris catfish as core algae control
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of research of an aquatic ecosystem, in particular to an aquatic ecosystem taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and bighead carp and catfish as cores to control algae.
Background
In recent years, with the unreasonable utilization and development of lake resources and the aggravation of agricultural non-point source pollution, the problem of lake eutrophication is very serious, and cyanobacterial bloom frequently appears, so that the sustainable development of regional socioeconomic is restricted, and huge economic loss and social problems are caused. The stability of the water environment ecology becomes a research focus, but the actual water environment range is large, so that the control research is inconvenient, and the simulation of the water body ecological environment system becomes an important research approach.
The micro water ecosystem is mainly used for simulating ecological systems such as lakes, reservoirs, estuaries and the like so as to know the self-organization process, the system characteristics, the eutrophication process, the ecological effect of pollutants and the like of the ecological systems.
The silver carp and bighead carp are filter-feeding fishes, have special ingestion characteristics and digestion mechanism, have stable community structure, can filter phytoplankton with 10 mu m to several millimeters, and can ingest blue algae well so as to control the water bloom of the blue algae. However, the chub and bighead carp cannot cause physiological fatal damage to the microcystis due to the problem of the digestion capability of the chub and bighead carp, so that the ingested microcystis can grow again, and the cyanobacterial bloom is caused to burst repeatedly.
However, as the field test has more influence factors and obvious exogenous input substances, the migration and transformation of part of substances in an aquatic ecosystem are difficult to determine when silver carp and bighead carp algae control is researched in a field enclosure. In order to further research the algae control effect of the silver carps and the bighead carps and research the migration and transformation of substances in the ecological system, a micro water ecological system with the silver carps and the bighead carps as the core needs to be designed, the simulation of a real water environment is carried out, and the experiment is started according to the simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provide an aquatic ecosystem which is convenient for researching the alga control of silver carps and bighead carps and can obviously improve the alga control effect and control the alga by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carps and catfishes as cores.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and variegated catfish as cores, wherein: simultaneously breeding 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish in an enclosed water ecosystem with microcystis, wherein the 62Dm daphnia magna is used as a primary microcystis consumer to filter and feed the microcystis, increase biological nutrition level and prolong food chain; the silver carp and bighead carp filter the microcystis and 62Dm daphnia magna, the digestion capacity of the silver carp and bighead carp can not cause physiological fatal damage to the microcystis, and the catfish eats the microcystis and the excretion of the silver carp and bighead carp and further digests the microcystis in the feces of the silver carp and bighead carp to ensure that the activity of the microcystis is completely lost.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
the closed water ecosystem comprises a closed water tank, wherein bottom mud and dechlorinated tap water are placed into the closed water tank, quantitative microcystis is placed into the dechlorinated tap water, and 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and bighead carp and catfish of a preset quantity and size are released, and an aeration device is arranged in the closed water tank and used for aerating the dechlorinated tap water.
The bottom area of the closed water tank is 1m2Height of 1m and volume of 1m3The white PE beef tendon material barrel.
The dechlorinated tap water is aerated and dechlorinated tap water for half a month.
The sediment is river sand after being cleaned, is evenly paved at the bottom of a closed water tank, has the thickness of 8-l0cm, is injected with experimental water for standing for 2 weeks each time, and stands for two times to simulate the sedimentation and the balanced adsorption of the sediment.
The microcystis is pure microcystis aeruginosa without toxic strains.
The aeration device is a small-sized electric aerator with the rated power of 12W and the gas output of 10L/min.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. by arranging the closed water ecosystem, the invention overcomes the defects that the field environment can not be used for accurately controlling algae research and substance migration and transformation research, and can more accurately control the water environment to achieve the conditions required by experiments.
2. The invention constructs the non-biological component of the water ecosystem by injecting dechlorination tap water into the closed water tank and fully paving bottom mud at the bottom; the silver carp and bighead carp are used as main ingesters of the microcystis, and the problem that the silver carp and bighead carp grow again when ingesting the microcystis is solved by adding the catfish; the stability of an ecological system is improved by adding 62Dm daphnia magna, so that the research on substance migration is deeper.
Detailed Description
Examples of the present invention are described in further detail below.
In the water ecological experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and variegated catfish as cores, 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and variegated catfish are simultaneously released and cultured in a closed water ecological system with microcystis, and 62Dm daphnia magna is taken as a primary microcystis consumer to filter and feed microcystis, increase biological nutrition level and prolong food chain; the silver carp and bighead carp filter the microcystis and 62Dm daphnia magna, the digestion capacity of the silver carp and bighead carp can not cause physiological fatal damage to the microcystis, and the catfish eats the microcystis and the excretion of the silver carp and bighead carp and further digests the microcystis in the feces of the silver carp and bighead carp to ensure that the activity of the microcystis is completely lost.
The closed water ecosystem comprises a closed water tank, wherein bottom mud and dechlorinated tap water are placed into the closed water tank, quantitative microcystis is placed into the dechlorinated tap water, and 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and bighead carp and catfish of a preset quantity and size are bred, and an aeration device is arranged in the closed water tank and used for aerating the dechlorinated tap water.
The bottom area of the closed water tank is 1m2Height of 1m and volume of 1m3The white PE beef tendon material barrel.
The dechlorinated tap water is tap water subjected to dechlorination by aeration for half a month.
The bottom sediment is river sand after being cleaned, is evenly spread at the bottom of the bucket, has the thickness of about 8-l0cm, is injected with experimental water for standing, has the standing time of 2 weeks each time, is subjected to standing twice, and simulates the sedimentation and balanced adsorption of the bottom sediment.
The microcystis aeruginosa is a strain-free pure microcystis aeruginosa, and the density of the microcystis aeruginosa can be adjusted according to experiments.
The 62Dm Daphnia magna is a zooplankton, and is artificially cultured with the density of 20-70 Daphnia magna (0.1-3 mm).
The silver carp and bighead carp comprise silver carp and bighead carp, the length of the silver carp (Hypophthalmia molitrix) is 14.28 +/-2.00 cm, the weight of the silver carp (38.68 +/-3.87) g, the length of the bighead carp (aristichtys nobilis) is 11.48 +/-0.43 cm, the weight of the silver carp (30.21 +/-2.24) g, and the density can be adjusted according to experiments.
Xenocypris davidi Bleeker is Plagiogathoss mirloepis Bleeker, the body length is 12.12 +/-0.56 cm, the body weight is 15.45 +/-3.98 g, the fish age is close to one year, and the number is 5.
The aeration device is a small-sized electric aeration facility with the rated power of 12W and the gas output of 10L/min.
The silver carp and bighead carp of the invention is filter feeding fish, has special ingestion characteristic, digestion mechanism and stable community structure, can filter phytoplankton with 10 mu m to several millimeters, and can ingest and digest blue algae well, thereby controlling the water bloom of the blue algae. However, the algae ingested by the filter-feeding fishes can grow again, the catfish is a benthic fish, the saprophytic debris is filtered and eaten at the bottom layer of the water body, the algae and the excrement of various fishes are attached to the bottom layer, and the algae in the excrement of the silver carps and the bighead carps can be further digested to completely lose the activity.
62Dm daphnia magna is one of them large-scale zooplankton, mostly artificial breeding, and the individual is great, strains the food process and only has the selectivity to the food particle diameter, and does not have the selectivity to food kind, and the general food particle diameter can both be ingested by it at 10~40 um's tiny particle, has good accuse algae ability.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and bighead carp and xenocypris catfish as cores is characterized in that: simultaneously breeding 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish in an enclosed water ecosystem with microcystis, wherein the 62Dm daphnia magna is used as a primary microcystis consumer to filter and feed the microcystis, increase biological nutrition level and prolong food chain; the silver carp and bighead carp filter the microcystis and 62Dm daphnia magna, the digestion capacity of the silver carp and bighead carp can not cause physiological fatal damage to the microcystis, and the catfish eats the microcystis and the excretion of the silver carp and bighead carp and further digests the microcystis in the feces of the silver carp and bighead carp to ensure that the activity of the microcystis is completely lost.
2. The aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish as cores according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the closed water ecosystem comprises a closed water tank, wherein bottom mud and dechlorinated tap water are placed into the closed water tank, quantitative microcystis is placed into the dechlorinated tap water, and 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and bighead carp and catfish with preset quantity and size are bred, and an aeration device is arranged in the closed water tank and used for aerating the dechlorinated tap water.
3. The aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish as cores according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the bottom area of the closed water tank is 1m2Height of 1m and volume of 1m3The white PE beef tendon material barrel.
4. The aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish as cores according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the dechlorination tap water is tap water subjected to dechlorination by aeration for half a month.
5. The aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish as cores according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the bottom sediment is river sand after being cleaned, evenly spread on the bottom of a closed water tank, the thickness of the bottom sediment is 8-l0cm, experimental water is injected for standing, the standing time is 2 weeks each time, and the bottom sediment is stood twice to simulate the sedimentation and the balanced adsorption of the bottom sediment.
6. The aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish as cores according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the microcystis is pure breed microcystis aeruginosa without toxic strain.
7. The aquatic ecology experiment system for controlling algae by taking 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp and catfish as cores according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the aeration device is a small-sized electric aerator with the rated power of 12W and the gas output of 10L/min.
CN202011111064.0A 2020-10-16 2020-10-16 Water ecosystem using 62Dm daphnia magna, silver carp bighead carp and xenocypris catfish as core algae control Pending CN112167151A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK377477A (en) * 1976-08-26 1978-02-27 Linde Ag PROCEDURE AND APPLIANCE FOR AQUACIFICATION OF AQUATIC ANIMALS IN CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
CN1562809A (en) * 2004-03-27 2005-01-12 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Method for controlling water bloom of blue algae
CN101293709A (en) * 2007-12-17 2008-10-29 哈尔滨工业大学 Series method for removing algae by using zooplankton and filter-feeder fishes
CN101438768A (en) * 2008-07-04 2009-05-27 暨南大学 Use of biological selenium and glutathion as fish feedstuff additive
CN101941753A (en) * 2010-08-23 2011-01-12 罗代洪 Method for removing Cl- in water
CN103613200A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-05 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 Method of cooperatively controlling microcystis aeruginosa by plagiognathops microlepis, hyriopsis cumingii and bellamya aeruginosa
CN103880192A (en) * 2014-04-02 2014-06-25 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 Method for cooperative control of microcystis aeruginosa by using chub, bighead, silver xenocypris fish and daphnia magna

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK377477A (en) * 1976-08-26 1978-02-27 Linde Ag PROCEDURE AND APPLIANCE FOR AQUACIFICATION OF AQUATIC ANIMALS IN CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
CN1562809A (en) * 2004-03-27 2005-01-12 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Method for controlling water bloom of blue algae
CN101293709A (en) * 2007-12-17 2008-10-29 哈尔滨工业大学 Series method for removing algae by using zooplankton and filter-feeder fishes
CN101438768A (en) * 2008-07-04 2009-05-27 暨南大学 Use of biological selenium and glutathion as fish feedstuff additive
CN101941753A (en) * 2010-08-23 2011-01-12 罗代洪 Method for removing Cl- in water
CN103613200A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-05 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 Method of cooperatively controlling microcystis aeruginosa by plagiognathops microlepis, hyriopsis cumingii and bellamya aeruginosa
CN103880192A (en) * 2014-04-02 2014-06-25 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 Method for cooperative control of microcystis aeruginosa by using chub, bighead, silver xenocypris fish and daphnia magna

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
周宜开: "《中华医学百科全书 公共卫生学 环境卫生学》", 31 March 2017 *

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Application publication date: 20210105