CN112159881B - Nodular cast iron casting process - Google Patents
Nodular cast iron casting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112159881B CN112159881B CN202010988410.7A CN202010988410A CN112159881B CN 112159881 B CN112159881 B CN 112159881B CN 202010988410 A CN202010988410 A CN 202010988410A CN 112159881 B CN112159881 B CN 112159881B
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- cast iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nodular cast iron, and particularly relates to a nodular cast iron casting process, which comprises the following steps of S1: selecting raw materials, and melting scrap steel into molten iron; s2: raising the temperature of molten iron, adding a carburant, primary iron, ferrosilicon and nickel, and fully mixing to form a mixed molten liquid; s3: heating the mixed solution, carrying out spheroidization and inoculation to obtain a nodular cast iron solution, and then injecting the nodular cast iron solution into a sand mold through a pouring device for casting molding to obtain nodular cast iron; through set up the pouring device between intermediate frequency smelting furnace and sand mould to through set up flabellum and vibrting arm in the pouring jar of pouring device is inside, make the nodular cast iron melt that flows through the pouring jar receive the rotation effect of flabellum and the vibration effect of vibrting arm, thereby greatly improved the mobility of nodular cast iron melt, effectively avoided the nodular cast iron melt to take place to water not enough phenomenon because of early solidification, guaranteed the nodular cast iron quality that finally obtains.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nodular cast iron, and particularly relates to a nodular cast iron casting process.
Background
The ductile iron is a high-strength cast iron material developed in the 20 th century and the fifties, the comprehensive performance of the ductile iron is close to that of steel, and the ductile iron is successfully used for casting parts which are complex in stress and high in requirements on strength, toughness and wear resistance based on the excellent performance of the ductile iron. Nodular cast iron has rapidly evolved to a very widely used cast iron material second only to gray cast iron. The term "steel is replaced by iron" is mainly used for nodular cast iron. Different from other cast irons, the nodular cast iron is spheroidized, so that graphite in the nodular cast iron is spherical, has high strength and good plasticity and toughness. The comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy is close to that of steel, and the alloy is widely applied to the industry due to good casting property, low cost and convenient production. In the casting process of the nodular cast iron, after reaction raw materials are melted at high temperature and fully mixed, spheroidization and inoculation are required, so that a nodular cast iron melt is obtained. Spheroidizing makes the graphite in the spherical cast iron be spherical, and has high strength, good plasticity and toughness. The comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy is close to that of steel, and the alloy is widely applied to the industry due to good casting property, low cost and convenient production.
However, in the casting process of nodular cast iron, the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt after spheroidizing is greatly reduced, and the nodular cast iron melt is often solidified too early in the process of flowing from the smelting furnace to the sand mold, so that the whole casting process is influenced by blockage; moreover, the molten nodular cast iron flowing into the sand mold often has poor fluidity, so that the phenomenon of insufficient casting occurs in the casting process, and the quality of the finally obtained nodular cast iron is poor.
In view of the above, the pouring device is arranged between the intermediate frequency smelting furnace and the sand mould, and the fan blades and the vibrating rods are arranged in the pouring tank of the pouring device, so that the molten nodular cast iron flowing through the pouring tank is subjected to the rotating action of the fan blades and the vibrating action of the vibrating rods, the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron is greatly improved, the phenomenon of insufficient pouring caused by premature solidification of the molten nodular cast iron is effectively avoided, and the quality of the finally obtained nodular cast iron is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a nodular cast iron casting process, which aims to make up the defects of the prior art and solve the problem that the fluidity of a nodular cast iron melt is reduced after spheroidization in the existing nodular cast iron casting process, so that the nodular cast iron melt is easy to solidify prematurely, and the nodular cast iron melt is easy to have an insufficient casting phenomenon after being injected into a sand mold, so that the finally obtained nodular cast iron is poor in quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a casting process of nodular cast iron, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, selecting raw iron, scrap steel, foundry returns, ferrosilicon, carburant and nickel as raw materials according to the casting requirement of nodular cast iron, cleaning and drying the raw materials, and putting the treated scrap steel into an intermediate frequency smelting furnace to be melted to form molten iron;
s2: raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 1500-1600 ℃, then adding a proper amount of carburant into molten iron, adding the original iron, the ferrosilicon and the nickel for melting and fully mixing with the molten iron, and adding a foundry returns and fully mixing with the molten iron to form a mixed melt when the temperature of the molten iron in the furnace is raised to 1500-1600 ℃;
s3: adding a nodulizer to perform nodulizing treatment when the temperature of the mixed melt obtained in the step S2 is raised to 1500-1600 ℃, adding an inoculant to perform inoculation treatment after the mixed melt is kept warm for a period of time, and obtaining a nodular cast iron melt after inoculation is completed; pouring the molten nodular cast iron into a sand mold through a pouring device for casting molding, and finally, discharging sand and cleaning to obtain nodular cast iron;
the pouring device adopted in the S2 comprises a pouring tank, a tank cover, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, wherein the liquid inlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the tank cover, the top end of the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with a medium-frequency smelting furnace, the liquid outlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the pouring tank, and the bottom end of the liquid outlet pipe extends into the sand mold; a first shaft is arranged in the middle of the inner surface of the side wall of the casting pot, one end of the first shaft penetrates through the side wall of the casting pot and is connected with an output shaft of the motor, the other end of the first shaft penetrates through the side wall of the casting pot, a first gear is arranged at the end part of the first shaft, and fan blades are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the middle of the first shaft; a first groove is uniformly formed in the side wall of the casting tank, close to the gear teeth of the first gear, and a vibrating rod is arranged in the first groove; one end of the vibrating rod extends into the casting tank, and the other end of the vibrating rod is positioned between the tooth grooves of the first gear and is in contact with the side faces of the teeth of the first gear; conical blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the first groove, the pyramid part of each conical block is connected with the side surface of the vibrating rod, the pyramid part of each conical block is rotatably connected with the vibrating rod, and a first reset elastic sheet is arranged at the joint part between each conical block and the vibrating rod; the first shaft drives the fan blade to rotate and the vibrating rod to vibrate, so that the flowability of the nodular cast iron melt is effectively enhanced.
When the casting machine is used, the motor is started to drive the first shaft to drive the fan blade to rotate, and then the nodular cast iron melt is injected into the casting tank from the liquid inlet pipe; the molten nodular cast iron entering the casting tank is firstly acted by the fan blades, so that the molten nodular cast iron is fully stirred, and the phenomenon that the inside of the molten nodular cast iron is solidified is effectively avoided; meanwhile, the action of the fan blades enables the molten nodular cast iron to flow downwards in an accelerated manner, so that the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron is enhanced; when the first shaft rotates, the first gear connected with the end part of the first shaft rotates along with the first shaft, and the first gear rotates and acts on the vibrating rod, so that the end part of the vibrating rod between the tooth grooves rotates along with the first gear to be continuously subjected to the shifting action of the gear teeth; the vibrating rod is rotationally connected with the conical block in the middle of the first groove, so that under the continuous stirring action of the teeth of the first gear, the vibrating rod starts to vibrate continuously and acts on the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank through the end part extending into the pouring tank, so that the nodular cast iron melt keeps uniform distribution of components in the pouring tank under the action of the vibrating rod, and the components in certain parts are prevented from being excessively concentrated and solidified; in addition, when acting on the molten nodular cast iron, the vibrating rod which continuously vibrates rubs with the molten nodular cast iron and generates heat, so that the flowing molten nodular cast iron is heated, the temperature of the molten nodular cast iron is reduced, and the molten nodular cast iron is prevented from beginning to solidify due to too fast temperature reduction.
Preferably, a group of first rods are uniformly arranged at the end part of the vibrating rod extending into the casting tank, each first rod is rotatably connected with the end part of the vibrating rod, and the adjacent first rods are connected through an elastic first metal rope; the vibrating rod drives the first rod to vibrate, so that the solidification of the molten ductile iron is further prevented, and the fluidity of the molten ductile iron is enhanced; when the vibrating rod continuously vibrates under the action of the gear tooth part of the gear, the first rod uniformly arranged at the top of the vibrating rod vibrates along with the vibrating rod; the first rods are rotatably connected with the end parts of the vibrating rods, and the adjacent first rods are connected through an elastic first metal rope; therefore, when a rod vibrates along with the vibrating rod, the rod can swing relative to the vibrating rod, so that the vibration frequency of the rod is higher, the molten ductile iron subjected to the action of the rod is subjected to stronger vibration action, and the flowability of the molten ductile iron is further enhanced.
Preferably, an injection device is arranged inside the casting pot and comprises an injection tube, a push rod, a piston plate, a pressing plate and a spray pipe, the injection tube is installed at a position, below the first shaft, inside the casting pot, the side wall of the injection tube is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the side wall of the casting pot through a group of evenly arranged connecting rods, the piston plate is installed inside the injection tube, and the upper surface of the piston plate is connected with the lower surface of the top of the injection tube through a spring; the pressing plate is arranged on the lower side of the fan blade and is in contact with the end part of the fan blade, and the pressing plate is connected with the piston plate through a push rod; the spray pipe is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the injection pipe, and the end part of the spray pipe points to the area close to the liquid outlet pipe; a second groove is uniformly formed in the side wall of the injection tube, a partition plate is arranged in the second groove, one end of the partition plate is rotatably connected with the top of the second groove, and a clamping block is arranged at the bottom of the second groove; the blade rotates and pushes the pressing plate, and the injection device sprays molten nodular cast iron, so that the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron in the pouring tank is greatly enhanced; when the injection tube is used, when the pressure plate is not pressed, the nodular cast iron melt outside the injection tube flows into and fills the inside of the injection tube at a higher speed under the action of the second groove arranged on the side wall of the refraction tube; when the fan blades rotate, the pressing plate can be pressed to move downwards, and the pushing rod which moves downwards pushes the piston plate to move downwards; on one hand, the piston plate moves downwards to press the end part of the partition plate in the second groove to rotate and tightly contact the fixture block, so that the inside of the injection pipe is approximately in a closed state, and on the other hand, the piston plate moves downwards to extrude the nodular cast iron melt in the injection pipe and spray the nodular cast iron melt from the injection pipe to act on the area near the liquid outlet pipe; the molten nodular cast iron in the area near the liquid outlet pipe is accelerated to flow out of the liquid outlet pipe and flow into the sand mold, so that the molten nodular cast iron near the liquid outlet pipe is prevented from solidifying and blocking the liquid outlet pipe; when the pressing plate is positioned in the gap between the fan blades, the pressing plate is not pressed any more, the piston plate is reset under the action of the spring, the air pressure in the injection tube is reduced, the end part of the partition plate is pressed to rotate towards the direction far away from the clamping block, and the interior of the injection tube is communicated with the outside through the second groove; the outside molten nodular cast iron rapidly flows into the injection pipe through the second groove again and is filled in the injection pipe, so that the loss of the molten nodular cast iron in the injection pipe 141 is rapidly supplemented, preparation is made for the next injection device to play a role, and the injection device improves the working efficiency through the second groove.
Preferably, the joint between the spray pipe and the injection pipe is made of high-temperature resistant elastic materials, and the outer surface of the spray pipe is connected with the outer surface of the middle part of the vibrating rod through an elastic second metal rope; the vibrating rod drives the spray pipe to swing, so that the influence range of the nodular cast iron melt sprayed by the spray pipe is larger, and the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank is further enhanced; when the vibration rod vibrates under the action of the first gear, the vibration rod pulls the spray pipe through the second metal rope, so that the end part of the spray pipe swings in a small range, and the area influenced by the nodular cast iron melt sprayed from the end part of the spray pipe is enlarged; therefore, more ductile cast iron melt is arranged in the pouring tank and is acted by the injection pipe, so that the ductile cast iron melt flowing into the sand mold through the pouring tank has stronger fluidity.
Preferably, the lower surface of the piston plate is provided with a second rod, and the second rod is rotatably connected with the piston plate; the end part of the second rod extends into the liquid outlet pipe through the spray pipe, and the diameter of the second rod is far smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe; a first plate is uniformly arranged at the end part of the second rod, the first plate is rotatably connected with the end part of the second rod, and a second reset elastic sheet is arranged at the joint part of the first plate and the end part of the second rod; the piston plate pushes the second rod and the first plate to enhance the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe and prevent the liquid outlet pipe from being blocked; when the pouring tank is used, when the piston plate moves, the second rod connected with the lower surface of the piston plate drives the first plate to reciprocate in the liquid outlet pipe, so that the fluidity of the ductile cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe is enhanced, and the phenomenon that the liquid outlet pipe is blocked due to premature solidification of the ductile cast iron melt is prevented, and the normal work of the pouring tank is influenced; in addition, when the injection device works and sprays the molten nodular cast iron from the spray pipe, the sprayed molten nodular cast iron acts on the first plate to enable the end part of the first plate to rotate in the direction away from the second rod; the rotated plate I further acts on the nodular cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe, so that the nodular cast iron melt flows into the sand mold through the liquid outlet pipe at an accelerated speed.
Preferably, the surface of the first gear, which is close to the casting pot, is uniformly provided with annular plates, and the part of the casting pot, which is close to the first gear, is provided with an annular groove; the annular plate is embedded into the annular groove, a group of third rods are uniformly arranged at the end part of the annular plate, and the end part of each third rod extends into an area between the fan blade and the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank; the first gear drives the third rod to further enhance the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank; when the first gear is driven to rotate by the first shaft, the annular plate arranged on the surface of the first gear rotates along with the first gear inside the annular groove; meanwhile, a third rod uniformly arranged at the end part of the annular plate rotates along with the annular plate, and the end part of the third rod can act on the ductile cast iron melt between the fan blade and the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank; the stirring action of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank is more sufficient, so that the nodular cast iron melt passing through the pouring tank has better fluidity, and finally the nodular cast iron with better quality is obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the nodular cast iron casting process, the casting device is arranged between the medium-frequency smelting furnace and the sand mould, and the fan blades and the vibrating rods are arranged inside the casting tank of the casting device, so that the nodular cast iron melt flowing through the casting tank is subjected to the rotating action of the fan blades and the vibrating action of the vibrating rods, the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt is greatly improved, the phenomenon of insufficient casting caused by premature solidification of the nodular cast iron melt is effectively avoided, and the quality of finally obtained nodular cast iron is ensured.
2. According to the nodular cast iron casting process, the injection device is arranged in the casting tank, the pressing plate is pushed by the rotation of the fan blades, so that the injection device works normally, flowing nodular cast iron melt is sprayed out of the spray pipe, the flowing nodular cast iron melt impacts the area near the liquid outlet pipe under the action of the spray pipe, the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt is improved, the flowing nodular cast iron melt flows through the liquid outlet pipe at an accelerated speed, the nodular cast iron melt near the liquid outlet pipe is prevented from being solidified prematurely, and the liquid outlet pipe is blocked, so that the normal work of the casting tank is influenced.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a casting apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at C;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at D;
in the figure: pouring can 1, first shaft 11, fan blade 111, first gear 12, first groove 121, annular plate 122, annular groove 123, third rod 124, vibrating rod 13, conical block 131, first reset elastic sheet 132, first rod 133, first metal rope 134, second metal rope 135, injection device 14, injection tube 141, push rod 142, piston plate 143, pressing plate 144, spray tube 145, second groove 146, partition plate 147, fixture block 148, second rod 15, first plate 151, second reset elastic sheet 152, can cover 2, liquid inlet pipe 3 and liquid outlet pipe 4.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a nodular cast iron casting process according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: firstly, selecting raw iron, scrap steel, foundry returns, ferrosilicon, carburant and nickel as raw materials according to the casting requirement of nodular cast iron, cleaning and drying the raw materials, and putting the treated scrap steel into an intermediate frequency smelting furnace to be melted to form molten iron;
s2: raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 1500-1600 ℃, then adding a proper amount of carburant into molten iron, adding the original iron, the ferrosilicon and the nickel for melting and fully mixing with the molten iron, and adding a foundry returns and fully mixing with the molten iron to form a mixed melt when the temperature of the molten iron in the furnace is raised to 1500-1600 ℃;
s3: adding a nodulizer to perform nodulizing treatment when the temperature of the mixed melt obtained in the step S2 is raised to 1500-1600 ℃, adding an inoculant to perform inoculation treatment after the mixed melt is kept warm for a period of time, and obtaining a nodular cast iron melt after inoculation is completed; pouring the molten nodular cast iron into a sand mold through a pouring device for casting molding, and finally, discharging sand and cleaning to obtain nodular cast iron;
the pouring device adopted in the S2 comprises a pouring tank 1, a tank cover 2, a liquid inlet pipe 3 and a liquid outlet pipe 4, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 3 is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the tank cover 2, the top end of the liquid inlet pipe 3 is communicated with a medium-frequency smelting furnace, the liquid outlet pipe 4 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the pouring tank 1, and the bottom end of the liquid outlet pipe 4 extends into the sand mold; a first shaft 11 is arranged in the middle of the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank 1, one end of the first shaft 11 penetrates through the side wall of the pouring tank 1 and is connected with an output shaft of the motor, the other end of the first shaft 11 penetrates through the side wall of the pouring tank 1 and is provided with a first gear 12 at the end part, and fan blades 111 are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the first shaft 11; a first groove 121 is uniformly formed in the side wall of the pouring tank 1 close to the gear teeth of the first gear 12, and a vibrating rod 13 is arranged in the first groove 121; one end of the vibrating rod 13 extends into the casting tank 1, and the other end of the vibrating rod is positioned between tooth grooves of the first gear 12 and is in contact with the side surface of the gear teeth of the first gear 12; the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the first groove 121 are symmetrically provided with conical blocks 131, the conical part of each conical block 131 is connected with the side surface of the vibrating rod 13, the conical part of each conical block 131 is rotatably connected with the vibrating rod 13, and a first reset elastic sheet 132 is arranged at the joint part between the conical block 131 and the vibrating rod 13; the first shaft 11 drives the fan blades 111 to rotate and the vibrating rod 13 to vibrate, so that the flowability of the nodular cast iron melt is effectively enhanced.
When the pouring tank is used, the motor is started to enable the first shaft 11 to drive the fan blades 111 to rotate, and then the nodular cast iron melt is injected into the pouring tank 1 from the liquid inlet pipe 3; the molten nodular cast iron entering the casting tank 1 is firstly acted by the fan blades 111, so that the molten nodular cast iron is fully stirred, and the phenomenon that the inside of the molten nodular cast iron is solidified is effectively avoided; meanwhile, the action of the fan blades 111 enables the molten nodular cast iron to flow downwards in an accelerated manner, so that the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron is enhanced; when the first shaft 11 rotates, the first gear 12 connected with the end part of the first shaft 11 rotates along with the first shaft 11, and the first gear 12 rotates and acts on the vibrating rod 13, so that the end part of the vibrating rod 13 positioned between tooth grooves rotates along with the first gear 12 and is continuously subjected to shifting action of gear teeth; because the vibrating rod 13 is rotatably connected with the conical block 131 in the middle of the first groove 121, under the continuous stirring action of the teeth of the first gear 12, the vibrating rod 13 starts to continuously vibrate and acts on the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank 1 through the end part extending into the pouring tank 1, so that the nodular cast iron melt keeps uniform distribution of components in the pouring tank 1 under the action of the vibrating rod 13, and excessive concentration and solidification of the components at certain parts are avoided; in addition, when acting on the molten nodular cast iron, the vibrating rod 13 which continuously vibrates rubs with the molten nodular cast iron and generates heat, so that the flowing molten nodular cast iron is heated, the temperature of the molten nodular cast iron is reduced, and the molten nodular cast iron is prevented from beginning to solidify due to too fast temperature reduction.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, a group of first rods 133 are uniformly arranged at the end part of the vibration rod 13 extending into the casting pot 1, each first rod 133 is rotatably connected with the end part of the vibration rod 13, and adjacent first rods 133 are connected through an elastic first metal rope 134; the vibration rod 13 drives the first rod 133 to vibrate, so that the solidification of the molten ductile iron is further prevented, and the fluidity of the molten ductile iron is enhanced; when in use, when the vibrating rod 13 continuously vibrates under the action of the gear tooth part of the gear, the first rods 133 uniformly arranged at the top of the vibrating rod 13 vibrate together with the vibrating rod 13; the first rods 133 are rotatably connected with the end parts of the vibrating rods 13, and the adjacent first rods 133 are connected through an elastic first metal rope 134; therefore, when the first rod 133 vibrates along with the vibrating rod 13, the first rod 133 can also swing relative to the vibrating rod 13, so that the vibration frequency of the first rod 133 is higher, the molten ductile iron acted by the first rod 133 is subjected to stronger vibration action, and the flowability of the molten ductile iron is further enhanced.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, an injection device 14 is disposed inside the casting pot 1, the injection device 14 includes an injection tube 141, a push rod 142, a piston plate 143, a pressure plate 144 and a nozzle 145, the injection tube 141 is mounted inside the casting pot 1 at a position below the first shaft 11, a side wall of the injection tube 141 is fixedly connected to an inner surface of a side wall of the casting pot 1 through a set of evenly disposed connecting rods, the piston plate 143 is mounted inside the injection tube 141, and an upper surface of the piston plate 143 is connected to a lower surface of a top of the injection tube 141 through a spring; the pressing plate 144 is installed at the lower side of the fan blade 111 and contacts with the end of the fan blade 111, and the pressing plate 144 and the piston plate 143 are connected through a pushing rod 142; the nozzle 145 is installed at the middle part of the bottom of the injection tube 141, and the end of the nozzle 145 points to the area near the liquid outlet tube 4; a second groove 146 is uniformly formed in the side wall of the injection tube 141, a partition 147 is arranged in the second groove 146, one end of the partition 147 is rotatably connected with the top of the second groove 146, and a clamping block 148 is arranged at the bottom of the second groove 146; when the fan blades 111 rotate and push the pressing plate 144, the injection device 14 sprays the molten nodular cast iron, so that the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron in the pouring tank 1 is greatly enhanced; when the pressure plate 144 is not pressed, the nodular cast iron melt outside the injection pipe 141 flows into and fills the injection pipe 141 at a higher speed through the action of the second groove 146 arranged on the side wall of the refraction pipe 141; when the fan blades 111 rotate and press the pressing plate 144 to move downwards, the pressing plate 144 pushes the piston plate 143 to move downwards through the pushing rod 142; on one hand, the downward moving piston plate 143 presses the end of the partition 147 in the second groove 146 to rotate and tightly contact the fixture block 148, so that the interior of the injection tube 141 is approximately in a closed state, and on the other hand, the downward moving piston plate 143 presses the molten nodular cast iron in the injection tube 141, and the pressed molten nodular cast iron is sprayed out of the spray pipe 145 and acts on the area near the liquid outlet tube 4; the molten nodular cast iron in the area near the liquid outlet pipe 4 is accelerated to flow out of the liquid outlet pipe 4 and flow into the sand mold, so that the phenomenon that the liquid outlet pipe 4 is blocked due to solidification of the molten nodular cast iron near the liquid outlet pipe 4 is avoided; when the pressing plate 144 is located in the gap between the fan blades 111 and is not pressed any more, the piston plate 143 is reset under the action of the spring, the air pressure in the injection tube 141 is reduced, so that the end part of the partition 147 is pressed to rotate in the direction away from the fixture block 148, and the interior of the injection tube 141 is communicated with the outside through the second groove 146; the outside molten ductile iron rapidly flows into the injection pipe 141 through the second groove 146 again, so that the loss of the molten ductile iron in the injection pipe 141 is rapidly supplemented, and preparation is made for the next time of the injection device 14, and therefore the injection device 14 improves the working efficiency through the second groove 146.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a joint portion between the nozzle 145 and the injection tube 141 is made of a high temperature resistant elastic material, and an outer surface of the nozzle 145 is connected to an outer surface of a middle portion of the vibration rod 13 through an elastic second metal string 135; the vibrating rod 13 drives the spray pipe 145 to swing, so that the influence range of the molten nodular cast iron sprayed by the spray pipe 145 is larger, and the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron in the pouring tank 1 is further enhanced; when the vibrating rod 13 vibrates under the action of the first gear 12, the vibrating rod 13 pulls the spraying pipe 145 through the second metal rope 135, so that the end part of the spraying pipe 145 swings in a small range, and the area influenced by the nodular cast iron melt sprayed from the end part of the spraying pipe 145 is enlarged; therefore, more molten ductile iron is supplied to the casting pot 1 by the injection pipe 141, so that the molten ductile iron flowing into the sand mold through the casting pot 1 has higher fluidity.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a second rod 15 is disposed on the lower surface of the piston plate 143, and the second rod 15 is rotatably connected to the piston plate 143; the end part of the second rod 15 extends into the liquid outlet pipe 4 through the spray pipe 145, and the diameter of the second rod 15 is far smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe 4; a first plate 151 is uniformly arranged at the end part of the second rod 15, the first plate 151 is rotatably connected with the end part of the second rod 15, and a second reset elastic sheet 152 is arranged at the joint part of the first plate 151 and the end part of the second rod 15; the piston plate 143 pushes the second rod 15 and the first plate 151, so that the flowability of the nodular cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe 4 is enhanced, and the liquid outlet pipe 4 is prevented from being blocked; when the pouring tank is used, when the piston plate 143 moves, the second rod 15 connected with the lower surface of the piston plate 143 drives the first plate 151 to reciprocate in the liquid outlet pipe 4, so that the flowability of the nodular cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe 4 is enhanced, and the phenomenon that the liquid outlet pipe 4 is blocked due to premature solidification of the nodular cast iron melt is prevented, which affects the normal operation of the pouring tank 1; in addition, when the injection device 14 is operated and the molten nodular cast iron is sprayed from the spray pipe 145, the sprayed molten nodular cast iron acts on the first plate 151 to rotate the end part of the first plate 151 in a direction away from the second rod 15; the rotated first plate 151 further acts on the nodular cast iron melt inside the liquid outlet pipe 4, so that the nodular cast iron melt flows into the sand mold through the liquid outlet pipe 4 at an accelerated speed.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first gear 12 close to the casting pot 1 is uniformly provided with an annular plate 122, and the part of the casting pot 1 close to the first gear 12 is provided with an annular groove 123; the annular plate 122 is embedded into the annular groove 123, a group of third rods 124 are uniformly arranged at the end part of the annular plate 122, and the end part of each third rod 124 extends into the area between the fan blades 111 and the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank 1; the flowability of the ductile cast iron melt in the casting tank 1 is further enhanced by the action of driving the third rod 124 by the first gear 12; when the first shaft 11 drives the first gear 12 to rotate, the annular plate 122 arranged on the surface of the first gear 12 rotates along with the first gear 12 inside the annular groove 123; meanwhile, a third rod 124 uniformly arranged at the end part of the annular plate 122 rotates along with the annular plate 122, and the end part of the third rod 124 can act on the molten ductile iron between the fan blades 111 and the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank 1; the stirring action of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank 1 is more sufficient, so that the nodular cast iron melt passing through the pouring tank 1 has better fluidity, and finally the nodular cast iron with better quality is obtained.
When the pouring tank is used, the motor is started to enable the first shaft 11 to drive the fan blades 111 to rotate, and then the nodular cast iron melt is injected into the pouring tank 1 from the liquid inlet pipe 3; the molten nodular cast iron entering the casting tank 1 is firstly acted by the fan blades 111, so that the molten nodular cast iron is fully stirred, and the phenomenon that the inside of the molten nodular cast iron is solidified is effectively avoided; meanwhile, the action of the fan blades 111 enables the molten nodular cast iron to flow downwards in an accelerated manner, so that the flowability of the molten nodular cast iron is enhanced; when the first shaft 11 rotates, the first gear 12 connected with the end part of the first shaft 11 rotates along with the first shaft 11, and the first gear 12 rotates and acts on the vibrating rod 13, so that the end part of the vibrating rod 13 positioned between tooth grooves rotates along with the first gear 12 and is continuously subjected to shifting action of gear teeth; because the vibrating rod 13 is rotatably connected with the conical block 131 in the middle of the first groove 121, under the continuous stirring action of the teeth of the first gear 12, the vibrating rod 13 starts to continuously vibrate and acts on the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank 1 through the end part extending into the pouring tank 1, so that the nodular cast iron melt keeps uniform distribution of components in the pouring tank 1 under the action of the vibrating rod 13, and excessive concentration and solidification of the components at certain parts are avoided; in addition, when acting on the molten nodular cast iron, the vibrating rod 13 which continuously vibrates rubs with the molten nodular cast iron and generates heat, so that the flowing molten nodular cast iron is heated, the temperature of the molten nodular cast iron is reduced, and the molten nodular cast iron is prevented from beginning to solidify due to too fast temperature reduction; when the vibration rod 13 continuously vibrates under the action of the gear tooth part of the gear, the first rods 133 uniformly arranged at the top of the vibration rod 13 vibrate together with the vibration rod 13; the first rods 133 are rotatably connected with the end parts of the vibrating rods 13, and the adjacent first rods 133 are connected through an elastic first metal rope 134; therefore, when the first rod 133 vibrates along with the vibrating rod 13, the first rod 133 can also swing relative to the vibrating rod 13, so that the vibration frequency of the first rod 133 is higher, the molten ductile iron acted by the first rod 133 is subjected to stronger vibration action, and the flowability of the molten ductile iron is further enhanced; meanwhile, when the pressing plate 144 is not pressed, the nodular cast iron melt outside the injection pipe 141 flows into and fills the inside of the injection pipe 141 at a higher speed through the action of the second groove 146 arranged on the side wall of the refraction pipe 141; when the fan blades 111 rotate and press the pressing plate 144 to move downwards, the pressing plate 144 pushes the piston plate 143 to move downwards through the pushing rod 142; on one hand, the downward moving piston plate 143 presses the end of the partition 147 in the second groove 146 to rotate and tightly contact the fixture block 148, so that the interior of the injection tube 141 is approximately in a closed state, and on the other hand, the downward moving piston plate 143 presses the molten nodular cast iron in the injection tube 141, and the pressed molten nodular cast iron is sprayed out of the spray pipe 145 and acts on the area near the liquid outlet tube 4; the molten nodular cast iron in the area near the liquid outlet pipe 4 is accelerated to flow out of the liquid outlet pipe 4 and flow into the sand mold, so that the phenomenon that the liquid outlet pipe 4 is blocked due to solidification of the molten nodular cast iron near the liquid outlet pipe 4 is avoided; when the pressing plate 144 is located in the gap between the fan blades 111 and is not pressed any more, the piston plate 143 is reset under the action of the spring, the air pressure in the injection tube 141 is reduced, so that the end part of the partition 147 is pressed to rotate in the direction away from the fixture block 148, and the interior of the injection tube 141 is communicated with the outside through the second groove 146; the outside molten ductile iron rapidly flows into and fills the injection pipe 141 through the second groove 146 again, so that the loss of the molten ductile iron in the injection pipe 141 is rapidly supplemented, and preparation is provided for the next time of the injection device 14, so that the injection device 14 improves the working efficiency through the second groove 146; when the vibrating rod 13 vibrates under the action of the first gear 12, the vibrating rod 13 pulls the spraying pipe 145 through the second metal rope 135, so that the end part of the spraying pipe 145 swings in a small range, and the area influenced by the molten nodular cast iron sprayed from the end part of the spraying pipe 145 is enlarged; therefore, more molten ductile iron in the casting tank 1 is acted by the injection pipe 141, so that the molten ductile iron flowing into the sand mold through the casting tank 1 has stronger fluidity; when the piston plate 143 moves, the second rod 15 connected with the lower surface of the piston plate 143 drives the first plate 151 to reciprocate in the liquid outlet pipe 4, so that the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe 4 is enhanced, and the liquid outlet pipe 4 is prevented from being blocked due to premature solidification of the nodular cast iron melt, and the normal operation of the pouring tank 1 is influenced; when the first shaft 11 drives the first gear 12 to rotate, the annular plate 122 arranged on the surface of the first gear 12 drives the third rod 124 to act on the molten ductile iron between the fan blades 111 and the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank 1; the stirring action of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank 1 is more sufficient, so that the nodular cast iron melt passing through the pouring tank 1 has better fluidity, and finally the nodular cast iron with better quality is obtained.
For the pouring ladle 1, the first shaft 11, the fan blades 111, the annular plate 122, the third rod 124, the vibrating rod 13, the conical block 131, the first rod 133, the first metal rope 134, the second metal rope 135, the injection tube 141, the push rod 142, the piston plate 143, the pressing plate 144, the spray tube 145, the partition plate 147, the fixture block 148, the second rod 15, the first plate 151, the ladle cover 2, the liquid inlet tube 3, the liquid outlet tube 4 and the second reset elastic sheet 152 which are in direct contact with the molten ductile iron; except the second reset elastic sheet 152, the outer surfaces of the other parts are sequentially provided with a heat insulating layer, a permanent layer and a working layer from inside to outside, wherein the heat insulating layer can be made of an aluminum silicate fiber felt, the permanent layer is made of high-alumina or mullite, the working layer is made of a dry vibrating material, and the second reset elastic sheet 152 is made of titanium alloy; in this way, it is ensured that the above-mentioned components which are in direct contact with the molten nodular cast iron can function properly during the casting of the molten nodular cast iron, without being damaged by excessive temperatures and affecting the normal operation of the casting device.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A casting process of nodular cast iron is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, selecting raw iron, scrap steel, foundry returns, ferrosilicon, carburant and nickel as raw materials according to the casting requirement of nodular cast iron, cleaning and drying the raw materials, and putting the treated scrap steel into an intermediate frequency smelting furnace to be melted to form molten iron;
s2: raising the temperature of the intermediate frequency smelting furnace to 1500-1600 ℃, then adding a proper amount of carburant into molten iron, adding the original iron, the ferrosilicon and the nickel for melting and fully mixing with the molten iron, and adding a foundry returns and fully mixing with the molten iron to form a mixed melt when the temperature of the molten iron in the furnace is raised to 1500-1600 ℃;
s3: adding a nodulizer to perform nodulizing treatment when the temperature of the mixed melt obtained in the step S2 is raised to 1500-1600 ℃, adding an inoculant to perform inoculation treatment after the mixed melt is kept warm for a period of time, and obtaining a nodular cast iron melt after inoculation is completed; pouring the molten nodular cast iron into a sand mold through a pouring device for casting molding, and finally, discharging sand and cleaning to obtain nodular cast iron;
the pouring device adopted in the S3 comprises a pouring tank (1), a tank cover (2), a liquid inlet pipe (3) and a liquid outlet pipe (4), wherein the liquid inlet pipe (3) is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the tank cover (2), the top end of the liquid inlet pipe (3) is communicated with a medium-frequency smelting furnace, the liquid outlet pipe (4) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the pouring tank (1), and the bottom end of the liquid outlet pipe (4) extends into the sand mold; a first shaft (11) is arranged in the middle of the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank (1), one end of the first shaft (11) penetrates through the side wall of the pouring tank (1) and is connected with an output shaft of the motor, the other end of the first shaft penetrates through the side wall of the pouring tank (1), a first gear (12) is arranged at the end part of the first shaft, and fan blades (111) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the first shaft (11); a first groove (121) is uniformly formed in the side wall of the pouring tank (1) close to the gear teeth of the first gear (12), and a vibrating rod (13) is arranged in the first groove (121); one end of the vibrating rod (13) extends into the casting tank (1), and the other end of the vibrating rod is positioned between tooth grooves of the first gear (12) and is in contact with the side surface of the gear teeth of the first gear (12); the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the first groove (121) are symmetrically provided with conical blocks (131), the conical part of each conical block (131) is connected with the side surface of the vibrating rod (13), the conical part of each conical block (131) is rotatably connected with the vibrating rod (13), and a first reset elastic sheet (132) is arranged at the joint part between each conical block (131) and the vibrating rod (13); the first shaft (11) drives the fan blades (111) to rotate and the vibrating rod (13) to vibrate, so that the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt is effectively enhanced;
a group of first rods (133) are uniformly arranged at the end part of the vibration rod (13) extending into the pouring tank (1), each first rod (133) is rotatably connected with the end part of the vibration rod (13), and the adjacent first rods (133) are connected through an elastic first metal rope (134); the vibration rod (13) drives the first rod (133) to vibrate, so that the solidification of the molten ductile iron is further prevented, and the fluidity of the molten ductile iron is enhanced;
an injection device (14) is arranged in the casting tank (1), the injection device (14) comprises an injection tube (141), a push rod (142), a piston plate (143), a pressing plate (144) and a spray pipe (145), the injection tube (141) is installed at a position, located below the first shaft (11), in the casting tank (1), the side wall of the injection tube (141) is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the side wall of the casting tank (1) through a group of uniformly arranged connecting rods, the piston plate (143) is installed in the injection tube (141), and the upper surface of the piston plate (143) is connected with the lower surface of the top of the injection tube (141) through a spring; the pressing plate (144) is arranged on the lower side of the fan blade (111) and is in contact with the end part of the fan blade (111), and the pressing plate (144) is connected with the piston plate (143) through a pushing rod (142); the spray pipe (145) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the injection pipe (141), and the end part of the spray pipe (145) points to the area close to the liquid outlet pipe (4); a second groove (146) is uniformly formed in the side wall of the injection tube (141), a partition plate (147) is arranged in the second groove (146), one end of the partition plate (147) is rotatably connected with the top of the second groove (146), and a clamping block (148) is arranged at the bottom of the second groove (146); when the fan blades (111) rotate and push the pressing plate (144), the injection device (14) sprays the rapid nodular cast iron melt, so that the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank (1) is greatly enhanced.
2. A ductile iron casting process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the joint between the spray pipe (145) and the injection pipe (141) is made of high-temperature resistant elastic materials, and the outer surface of the spray pipe (145) is connected with the outer surface of the middle part of the vibrating rod (13) through an elastic second metal rope (135); the vibrating rod (13) drives the spray pipe (145) to swing, so that the influence range of the rapid nodular cast iron melt sprayed from the spray pipe (145) is larger, and the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the pouring tank (1) is further enhanced.
3. A ductile iron casting process according to claim 2, characterized in that: a second rod (15) is arranged on the lower surface of the piston plate (143), and the second rod (15) is rotatably connected with the piston plate (143); the end part of the second rod (15) extends into the liquid outlet pipe (4) through a spray pipe (145), and the diameter of the second rod (15) is far smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe (4); a first plate (151) is uniformly arranged at the end part of the second rod (15), the first plate (151) is rotatably connected with the end part of the second rod (15), and a second reset elastic sheet (152) is arranged at the joint part of the first plate (151) and the end part of the second rod (15); the piston plate (143) pushes the second rod (15) and the first plate (151) to enhance the fluidity of the nodular cast iron melt in the liquid outlet pipe (4) and prevent the liquid outlet pipe (4) from being blocked.
4. A ductile iron casting process according to claim 3, wherein: the surface of the first gear (12) close to the casting pot (1) is uniformly provided with annular plates (122), and the part of the casting pot (1) close to the first gear (12) is provided with an annular groove (123); the annular plate (122) is embedded into the annular groove (123), a group of third rods (124) are uniformly arranged at the end part of the annular plate (122), and the end part of each third rod (124) extends into the area between the fan blade (111) and the inner surface of the side wall of the pouring tank (1); the first gear (12) drives the third rod (124) to further enhance the fluidity of the ductile iron melt in the pouring tank (1).
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| CN202010988410.7A CN112159881B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Nodular cast iron casting process |
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| NL8005333A (en) * | 1980-09-24 | 1982-04-16 | Multinorm Bv | METHOD FOR CASTING METAL ARTICLES, FORMING AND PRODUCTION STREET FOR USING THAT METHOD, MODEL AND MOLDING MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH CASTS, APPLIED WITH THE PROPERTIES APPLIED TO THIS PROCESS, |
| IT1189162B (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1988-01-28 | Oet Metalconsult Srl | PROCESS OF DEGASSING, REFINING OR FILTRATION TREATMENT OF METALS OR ALLOYS IN THE LIQUID STATE AND RELATED DEVICE |
| JP3259524B2 (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 2002-02-25 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Method of manufacturing composite casting and drive scroll of scroll fluid machine manufactured by this method |
| CN200954540Y (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-10-03 | 江苏常发实业集团有限公司 | Steel-ladle melton metal agitating energizing purifying device |
| CN106435336A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2017-02-22 | 浙江遂金特种铸造有限公司 | Nodular cast iron production process |
| CN106435334A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-22 | 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 | Smelting technique of as-cast ductile iron |
| CN206840410U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-01-05 | 马鞍山市恒达轻质墙体材料有限公司 | A kind of aerated bricks production system |
| CN109648067A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 天津市升发科技股份有限公司 | Casting device in a kind of cast member process |
| CN208483196U (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-02-12 | 东威（淮安）五金工业有限公司 | Spheroidal graphite cast-iron auto parts casting device |
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