CN105817610B - A kind of casting mould for metal castings - Google Patents
A kind of casting mould for metal castings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817610B CN105817610B CN201610326020.7A CN201610326020A CN105817610B CN 105817610 B CN105817610 B CN 105817610B CN 201610326020 A CN201610326020 A CN 201610326020A CN 105817610 B CN105817610 B CN 105817610B
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- template
- casting
- push rod
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
- B22D27/11—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of mechanical pressing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of casting mould for metal castings of improvement, belong to field of mechanical technique.It solves the problems, such as that the die casting for being currently used for die cast is ropy.The casting mould for metal castings of this improvement includes：First template；Second template, is connected with the first template and the second template surrounds the cavity to be formed for forming metal castings with the first template；Cast gate is opened on mold and by pouring runner and cavity unicom；Push rod sets at least to one, and push rod is extended vertically through through the first template.The present invention also provides a kind of casting methods of the casting mould for metal castings of improvement.The present invention has the advantages that design is reasonable, castability is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, it is related to the casting mould for metal castings and its casting method of a kind of improvement.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy good fluidity, castability is good, and under die cast technique, Al-alloy metal liquid fills under the effect of gravity
Type, flowing are steady, it is not easy to generate oxide inclusion, gas is easily drained.But since aluminum alloy body shrinking percentage is big, and metal mould casting
It is poor to make feeding, be easy to cause the casting flaws such as shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity.
In order to reduce drawbacks described above, improve casting compactness, the method generally used be strengthen melt refining degasification or
Casting needs to increase riser setting etc. at feeding.The setting of riser needs after the casting, to remove portion extra on casting
Point, to obtain complete cast product, work versus busy.
For aluminium alloy when using compression casting, liquid or semi-liquid metal fill pressure under high pressure effect with higher speed
Mold cavity, and coagulation forming under stress.Although since liquid metals filling velocity is exceedingly fast, type cavity gas are difficult to whole rows
Go out, for casting often with the presence of stomata and oxide inclusion, casting quality is relatively low, but compression casting can improve the cause of aluminium alloy castings tissue
The intensity and hardness of close property and aluminium alloy.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the application propose on the basis of die cast technique, increase using Under Pressure Solidification into
The mould structure of type, to reduce the casting flaw of casting.The mould structure, in addition to aluminium alloy, to conjunctions such as magnesium alloy, kirsites
Gold is equally applicable.
In conclusion to solve the deficiency that is currently used on the mould structure of die cast, it is necessary to design a kind of design
Rationally, the casting mould for metal castings of the good improvement of castability.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to existing technology, there are the above problems, it is proposed that a kind of design is reasonable, castability
The casting mould for metal castings of good improvement.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：A kind of casting mould for metal castings of improvement, including：
First template；
Second template, is connected with the first template and the second template surrounds the type to be formed for forming metal castings with the first template
Chamber；
Cast gate is opened on mold and by pouring runner and cavity unicom；
Push rod sets at least to one, and the push rod is extended vertically through through the first template.
In a kind of casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, the push rod, which is arranged on metal casting, needs feeding
Place.
In a kind of casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, run through in the first template and offer and cavity unicom
Several through holes, the push rod is located in corresponding through hole.
In a kind of casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, heating rod is inserted in push rod, heating rod faces
The end face of cavity and putter face leave spacing towards between the end face of cavity.
In a kind of casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, putter face is towards the end face of cavity and corresponding metal casting
Gap is left between surface at part feeding.
In a kind of casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, if being provided in the first template and cavity unicom
Dry riser, each riser run through the first template-setup.
In a kind of casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, it is installed in the first template and is covered in riser end face
Pressing plate, and pressing plate is fitted closely with the first template, and the push rod extends through pressing plate and can stretch into riser.
A kind of casting method of the casting mould for metal castings of improvement, is as follows：
Mold preheats, and prepares the molten metal of molten condition；
Molten metal is poured into runner inner wall inflow cavity and full of cavity by pouring opening's edge；
Push rod squeezes metal casting and is solidified, and molten metal carries out feeding under push rod pressure；
Heating rod is heated and kept the temperature to the molten metal before push rod and push rod；
Pressurize, the demoulding.
In a kind of casting method of the casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, the push rod pressure is with metal casting
Part is gradually solidified and increased.
In a kind of casting method of the casting mould for metal castings of above-mentioned improvement, in pressure maintaining period, push rod pressure
It remains unchanged.
Compared with prior art, the configuration of the present invention is simple, design are reasonable；Increase using on the basis of die cast technique
Add the mode of push rod, metal casting is made to be molded in push rod Under Pressure Solidification, reduces the casting flaws such as the shrinkage cavity and porosity of casting；Together
When heating rod is set in push rod, push rod and metal casting are heated to reduce cooling velocity, are conducive to the progress of feeding.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the first template in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of Fig. 4.
In figure, the 10, first template；11st, through hole；12nd, gap；20th, the second template；30th, cavity；40th, cast gate；50th, push away
Bar；60th, heating rod；70th, riser；80th, pressing plate.
Specific embodiment
It is specific embodiments of the present invention and with reference to attached drawing below, technical scheme is further described,
But the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the casting mould for metal castings of this improvement includes：
First template 10；
Second template 20, is connected with the first template 10 and the second template 20 and the first template 10 are surrounded and formed for metal casting
The molding cavity 30 of part；
Cast gate 40 is opened on mold and by pouring runner and 30 unicom of cavity；
Push rod 50 sets at least to one, and push rod 50 is extended vertically through through the first template 10.
When carrying out die cast, since molten metal solidification can generate shrinkage phenomenon, and then metal casting is caused to occur
The casting flaws such as shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity.Particularly when producing Al-alloy products, aluminium alloy good fluidity, latent heat is big, castability
It is good, but aluminum alloy body shrinking percentage is big, and hydrogen solubility is high, easily forms the casting flaws such as hydrogen holes, shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity.
The defects of in order to reduce the pin hole of aluminium alloy castings, shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity, improves casting compactness.The side generally used
Method is to strengthen melt refining degasification or only increase riser feeding etc., but the effect to improving metal casting quality is little.
The present invention devises a kind of casting mould for metal castings of improvement, squeezes metal casting using push rod 50, utilizes pressure
Solidification reduces the characteristics of the defects of pin hole, shrinkage cavity or shrinkage porosite of metal casting under power, improves the quality of metal casting.
Preferably, push rod 50 is arranged on metal casting and needs at feeding.The specific location and quantity of push rod 50 need root
Be configured according to the concrete structure of produced metal casting, different metal castings its position of feeding is needed in casting process
It is different.
In casting process, molten metal full of cavity 30, under the effect of gravity, is located at lower section under the effect of gravity in casting
In solidification, metal liquid energy is replenished in time for the part of position, therefore casting needs the position of feeding often on the top or side,
Correspondingly, push rod 50 is all disposed within greatly top or the surrounding of mold.
In actual production, for the casting mould of upper lower open die, it is necessary to when push rod 50 is set, push rod 50 mostly by
It is vertically arranged under；For the casting mould of left and right die sinking, often in side casting flaw occurs for casting, therefore usually
In mold side, push rod 50 is set.The above are illustrate based on from top to bottom being designed by running gate system.
Push rod 50 set cannot on mold other parts movement generate obstruction, under normal circumstances, push rod 50 with
Squeezing effect is relatively preferable when casting is vertically arranged, but since cast shape is various, push rod 50 can be with perpendicular contact with casting
It can be with relative tilt, as long as do not influence push rod 50 carries out extrusion solidification to casting.
It is noted that through the multiple through holes 11 offered with 30 unicom of cavity, push rod 50 in the first template 10
In corresponding through hole 11.Due to through hole 11 and 30 unicom of cavity, when being full of molten metal in cavity 30, push rod 50 can be with
Molten metal contacts.In feeding, push rod 50 can be moved along the axial direction of through hole 11 towards cavity 30 under external force, be squeezed
Molten metal is pressed, so as to carry out pressure solidification to casting (molten metal).
Preferably, heating rod 60 is inserted in push rod 50, heating rod 60 faces the end face of cavity 30 and push rod 50 faces
Spacing is left between the end face of cavity 30.
Heating rod 60 can heat push rod 50, it is ensured that push rod 50 and the temperature of one end of molten metal contacts, push rod 50
While carrying out pressure solidification to molten metal, also molten metal is heated, ensures the gold before 50 end of push rod and push rod 50
Belong to the temperature of liquid, slow down the speed (reducing cooling velocity) of molten metal temperature reduction, so as to reduce the speed of molten metal solidification,
Molten metal is carried out convenient for push rod 50 to squeeze feeding work, makes the casting flaw that casting generates small, feeding effect is good.
Heating rod 60 face the end face of cavity 30 and push rod 50 face the end face of cavity 30 between leave spacing, it is such to set
Putting can protect heating rod 60 injury-free to avoid heating rod 60 directly and molten metal contacts, while also ensure push rod 50
The temperature of end, the feeding effect reached, avoid influence casting quality.
It is stayed it is further preferred that push rod 50 faces between the end face of cavity 30 and the surface at corresponding metal casting feeding
There is gap 12.When molten metal is full of in the cavity 30, molten metal is existed simultaneously in the space where the gap 12, at this time push rod 50
The end face for facing cavity 30 and the molten metal contacts in 12 place space of gap.
It is noted that in the present embodiment, push rod 50 be when carrying out pressure solidification to casting by set hydraulic cylinder come
It realizes, Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder push rod 50 moves in through hole 11, and push rod 50 promotes the molten metal in 12 place space of gap toward type
It is moved in chamber 30, to supplement casting because the gap generated during contraction.
The setting in the gap 12 is to provide for the space of a receiving molten metal, and the capacity of molten metal is not less than benefit herein
Capacity needed for contracting, to be smoothed out the supplement of molten metal, while under the effect of push rod 50 so that casting reaches good benefit
Contracting effect.Wherein, in the actual production process, other driving mechanisms can also be used, are not limited herein.
Shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of embodiment two, with embodiment one the difference is that：First
Multiple riser 70 with 30 unicom of cavity are provided in template 10, each riser 70 is set through the first template 10.
The position of feeding needed for different casting, the size etc. of feeding amount are different, for needing a small amount of feeding
, the gap 12 between push rod 50 and cavity 30 can directly be set to be supplemented to store molten metal；And it is received for casting
Contracting more severity, can riser 70 be set in mold to store molten metal, when being solidified, the metal in riser 70
Liquid can be supplemented.
It is further preferred that be installed with the pressing plate 80 for being covered in 70 end face of riser in the first template 10, and pressing plate 80 with
First template 10 fits closely, and push rod 50 extends through pressing plate 80 and can stretch into riser 70.The setting of pressing plate 80 can be to emitting
Mouth 70 is compressed, and the molten metal in riser 70 is avoided to overflow.
Herein, push rod 50 is stretched under external force in riser 70, the molten metal in riser 70 is squeezed, molten metal
Carry out feeding work.After the heating rod 60 in push rod 50 heats push rod 50 at this time, heat is transferred to by push rod 50 to be emitted
Molten metal in mouth 70.
The present invention also provides a kind of casting method of the casting mould for metal castings of improvement, with aluminium alloy in the present embodiment
Exemplified by, it is as follows：
The first step：Mold preheats, and prepares the molten metal of molten condition；
Since metal casting mould thermal conductivity is good, liquid metals cooling is fast, and mobility acutely reduces, and easily goes out casting
The defects of existing cold shut, misrun are mingled with, stomata.In addition, the metal casting mould not preheated can be subject to strong in cast
Strong thermal shock, stress multiplication, is easily damaged.Therefore when being cast, it is necessary to preheat mold to avoid drawbacks described above
Occur.
At the same time, the molten metal of molten condition is prepared at high temperature, can also be prepared in advance.It is Al-alloy metal herein
Liquid, the temperature under molten condition is at 700 DEG C or so.Since the different required melting temperatures of metal is different, in actual life
In production, actual temp needs are changed accordingly according to used metal species.
Second step：Molten metal is flowed into cavity 30 and full of cavity 30 by cast gate 40 along runner inner wall is poured；
The Al-alloy metal liquid of the above-mentioned molten condition prepared is poured into a mould, is had in cast steadily, it can not
Metal liquid stream is interrupted, should try one's best makes molten metal flow into cavity 30 along running channel wall, in favor of eliminating the casting flaws such as stomata, cinder hole.
It should be carried out during cast according to according to first slow, rear fast, slow again cast principle.
In addition, in cast, ladle spout, in order to avoid molten metal flows through length and causes to aoxidize, should be prevented as close to cast gate 40
Casting generates oxide inclusion.
3rd step：Push rod 50 squeezes metal casting and is solidified, and molten metal carries out feeding under 50 pressure of push rod；
Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder push rod 50 squeezes molten metal, due to the continuous solidification of molten metal, required pressure
It is consequently increased, therefore the pressure of push rod 50 increases as metal casting gradually solidifies.Herein, Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder push rod 50 by
The pressure to casting is gradually increased, to ensure that casting solidifies under stress, so as to reduce casting flaw.
4th step：Heating rod 60 is heated and kept the temperature to the molten metal before push rod 50 and push rod 50；
Heating rod 60 is heated and kept the temperature to push rod 50, and the Al-alloy metal liquid before push rod 50 and push rod 50 is made to be kept for 500 DEG C
More than high temperature reduces the cooling velocity of molten metal before push rod 50, and molten metal is squeezed convenient for push rod 50, ensures that casting obtains fully
Feeding.
For aluminium alloy, the temperature of heating rod 60 be maintained at 500 DEG C -600 DEG C it is more suitable.For different gold
Belong to, the temperature of heating rod 60 then needs to be changed accordingly, to ensure the molding effect of final casting.
5th step：Pressurize, the demoulding.
, it is necessary to carry out the pressure maintaining period of certain time after shaping is completed, ensure that casting shaping is complete, finally, to casting
Mold is demoulded.Wherein, in pressure maintaining period, 50 pressure of push rod remains unchanged.
Above-mentioned casting method is on the basis of metal pattern gravitational casting, by push rod 50 to the molten metal in running channel
Apply certain squeeze pressure, make the process of molten metal coagulation forming under stress.
This process has the characteristics that：Design is flexible with shaping；Processing and forming technology low energy consumption, low cost, height
Yield rate；Casting accuracy is high, can carry out solution heat treatment；Feeding effect is good, realizes less or without riser etc..
By extrusion solidification technique, the compactness of the cast structures such as aluminium alloy can be improved, effectively reduce casting pin hole,
The defects of shrinkage porosite and shrinkage cavity, improves mechanical castings.In addition, crystallizing under stress, there is crystal grain thinning, accelerate setting rate
The effects that with microstructure homogenization is made.
Present invention design is reasonable, by the way of push rod 50 is increased on the basis of die cast technique, makes metal casting
Part is molded in 50 Under Pressure Solidification of push rod, reduces the casting flaws such as the shrinkage cavity and porosity of casting；Heating is set in push rod 50 simultaneously
Stick 60 heats push rod 50 and metal casting to reduce cooling velocity, is conducive to the progress of feeding, is worth widely using.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or additions to described specific embodiment or replace in a similar way
Generation, but without departing from spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of casting mould for metal castings, which is characterized in that including：
First template；
Second template, is connected with the first template and the second template surrounds the cavity to be formed for forming metal castings with the first template；
Cast gate is opened on mold and by pouring runner and cavity unicom；
Push rod sets at least to one, and the push rod is extended vertically through through the first template；
The push rod, which is arranged on metal casting, to be needed at feeding；
Be inserted with heating rod in push rod, heating rod face cavity end face and putter face towards between being left between the end face of cavity
Away from；
Putter face leaves gap towards between the end face of cavity and the surface at corresponding metal casting feeding；
It is located in the first template through the multiple through holes offered with cavity unicom, push rod in corresponding through hole.
2. a kind of casting mould for metal castings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided in the first template with
Several riser of cavity unicom, each riser run through the first template-setup.
3. a kind of casting mould for metal castings according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be installed with and cover in the first template
The pressing plate in riser end face is covered, and pressing plate is fitted closely with the first template, the push rod extends through pressing plate and can stretch into riser
It is interior.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610326020.7A CN105817610B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of casting mould for metal castings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610326020.7A CN105817610B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | A kind of casting mould for metal castings |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105817610A CN105817610A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| CN105817610B true CN105817610B (en) | 2018-05-25 |
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| CN109079126A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2018-12-25 | 苏州康索机电有限公司 | A kind of casting die mould preventing casting deformation and technique |
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| CN114260425B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-03-22 | 江苏苏铁冶金机械制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method and mold for safe anti-interference coke oven temperature measuring hole casting |
| CN114346210A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-15 | 松山湖材料实验室 | Casting mold, casting device, and casting method |
| CN115055648B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2024-01-09 | 驰逸自动化科技(苏州)有限公司 | Special-shaped hard turning machine alloy part forming die and method |
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| US3685569A (en) * | 1970-07-30 | 1972-08-22 | Gen Electric | Method for gravity pressure permanent molding |
| FR2504424A1 (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1982-10-29 | Amil Sa | Gravity casting of aluminium or light alloys - using additional pressure application to avoid solidification faults |
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| CN105817610A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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