FR2504424A1 - Gravity casting of aluminium or light alloys - using additional pressure application to avoid solidification faults - Google Patents

Gravity casting of aluminium or light alloys - using additional pressure application to avoid solidification faults Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2504424A1
FR2504424A1 FR8108038A FR8108038A FR2504424A1 FR 2504424 A1 FR2504424 A1 FR 2504424A1 FR 8108038 A FR8108038 A FR 8108038A FR 8108038 A FR8108038 A FR 8108038A FR 2504424 A1 FR2504424 A1 FR 2504424A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
mold
pressure
cylinder
base
additional pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8108038A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2504424B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Vasseur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AMIL SA
Original Assignee
AMIL SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMIL SA filed Critical AMIL SA
Priority to FR8108038A priority Critical patent/FR2504424A1/en
Publication of FR2504424A1 publication Critical patent/FR2504424A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2504424B1 publication Critical patent/FR2504424B1/fr
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • B22D27/11Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of mechanical pressing devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Casting process, esp.for Al or light alloys, comprises gravity casting molten metal along the axis of a mould and applying an additional pressure by means of a piston/cylinder, the piston of which is aligned along the axis of the mould. Pref. a constant low pressure of about 1 kg/sq.cm. is applied initially for 5-10 secs. and then the pressure is increased rapidly to 10 kg/sq.cm. and maintained until the metal has solidified. Process is useful for casting automobile wheel rims. The pressure application eliminates solidification faults and air inclusion.

Description

Le moulage de pièces importantes en aluminium ou en alliage léger telles que des jantes pour roues de voitures pose des problèmes difficiles à résoudre. The molding of important aluminum or light alloy parts such as rims for car wheels poses problems which are difficult to solve.

En effet, on connaft les procédés d'injection sous pression mais l'utilisation d'une haute pression évite sans doute les phénomènes de retassure ou de retrait à la solidification. Par contre pour des pièces importantes, on n'arrive pas à éliminer complètement l'air
inclus.
Indeed, we know the injection processes under pressure but the use of high pressure probably avoids the phenomena of shrinkage or shrinkage on solidification. By cons for important parts, we can not completely eliminate the air
included.

L'utilisation de haute pression est valable seulement pour
les pièces relativement petites.
The use of high pressure is only valid for
relatively small parts.

On a aussi utilisé l'alimentation d'un moule par le bas
en basse pression car ce procédé donne une bonne alimentation en métal en fusion, mais il est très difficile d'éviter des défauts en fin
de solidification tels que le retrait et les retassures.
We also used the feeding of a mold from the bottom
at low pressure because this process gives a good supply of molten metal, but it is very difficult to avoid defects at the end
solidification such as shrinkage and shrinkage.

On a également songé à utiliser la centrifugation à l'aide d'un moule rotatif mais l'on se heurte à des défauts au voisinage du moyeu de la jante ainsi que le long des rayons quand des rayons sont prévus de moulage. We have also thought of using centrifugation using a rotary mold, but we encounter faults in the vicinity of the rim hub as well as along the spokes when spokes are provided for molding.

Pour améliorer la qualité de la pièce obtenue, on a eu l'idée d'utiliser en combinaison avec la centrifugation une pression additionnelle par de l'air ou de l'azote comprimé. Mais la centri
fugation nécessite l'utilisation d'un joint tournant qui tient mal aux hautes températures du métal en fusion.
To improve the quality of the part obtained, we had the idea of using in combination with centrifugation an additional pressure with compressed air or nitrogen. But the centri
Fugation requires the use of a rotating joint which does not hold well at the high temperatures of the molten metal.

On a encore prévu un procédé de chargement en métal
fondu dans un moule, ce procédé consistant à envoyer le métal fondu
dans un cylindre fermé à sa partie inférieure par un piston mobile
qui, au début du remplissage, est en position élevée, et qui descend
progressivement au fur et à mesure que le moule se remplit, la
descente de ce piston commandant l'ouverture du conduit d'alimentation
de la cavité du moule.
A metal loading process has also been planned
molten in a mold, this process of sending the molten metal
in a cylinder closed at its lower part by a movable piston
which, at the start of filling, is in the raised position, and which descends
gradually as the mold fills, the
lowering of this piston controlling the opening of the supply duct
of the mold cavity.

Un autre piston mobile disposé au-dessus du premier
réalise l'injection sous pression dans le moule, mais il est très
difficile d'assurer le synchronisme entre le déplacement des deux
pistons.
Another movable piston placed above the first
performs pressure injection into the mold, but it is very
difficult to ensure synchronism between the displacement of the two
pistons.

D'autre part, les pièces coulées ne sont pas bonnes car lors du développement de la pression dans le cylindre qui contient le métal en fusion, un peu de métal peut pénétrer dans le jeu qui existe entre le cylindre et le plongeur. On the other hand, the castings are not good because during the development of the pressure in the cylinder which contains the molten metal, a little metal can penetrate into the clearance which exists between the cylinder and the plunger.

De plus, il se produit des projections d'une partie du métal fondu hors de la machine ou encore des solidifications de métal dans le jeu qui existe entre le cylindre et le piston plongeur, ce qui affecte d'une manière nuisible le fonctionnement de ce plongeur. In addition, there is projection of part of the molten metal out of the machine or solidification of metal in the clearance which exists between the cylinder and the plunger, which adversely affects the operation of this diver.

D'une manière générale, il est difficile de remplir progressivement et doucement la cavité du moule. In general, it is difficult to gradually and gently fill the mold cavity.

Des dispositifs de ce genre ont été améliorés en supprimant la synchronisation entre les deux pistons et en chargeant uniquement le piston inférieur d'effectuer le remplissage du moule par montée progressive, tandis que le piston supérieur de diamètre plus petit que celui du piston inférieur est chargé de faire monter la pression après remplissage du moule. Devices of this kind have been improved by eliminating the synchronization between the two pistons and by charging only the lower piston to carry out the filling of the mold by progressive rise, while the upper piston of smaller diameter than that of the lower piston is loaded to increase the pressure after filling the mold.

Un tel dispositif simplifié ne donne pas encore pleine satisfaction pour la résolution du problème que la Société demanderesse désire résoudre. Such a simplified device does not yet give full satisfaction for the resolution of the problem that the Applicant Company wishes to solve.

A cet effet, la demanderesse a prévu une machine sans centrifugation, dans laquelle le remplissage est effectué par gravité. To this end, the Applicant has provided a machine without centrifugation, in which the filling is carried out by gravity.

Après le remplissage on soumet le métal fondu à une montée en pression
2 très faible et constante de l'ordre de 1 kg/cm pendant cinq à dix secon- des, suivie d'une montée en pression rapide jusqu'à une valeur de
2 10 kg/cm cette pression étant maintenue jusqu'au refroidissement de la pièce et avant démoulage. On évite ainsi toute retassure et tout retrait de solidification.
After filling, the molten metal is subjected to a pressure increase
2 very low and constant of the order of 1 kg / cm for five to ten seconds, followed by a rapid increase in pressure to a value of
2 10 kg / cm this pressure being maintained until the part has cooled and before demolding. This avoids any shrinkage and any withdrawal of solidification.

En outre, indépendamment de la grande qualité de la pièce moulée ainsi obtenue par un tel procédé, on réduit considérablement le nombre des pièces mises au rebut. In addition, regardless of the high quality of the molded part thus obtained by such a method, the number of parts discarded is considerably reduced.

A titre d'exemple, on va décrire ci-après d'une manière schématique un mode de réalisation de l'appareil destiné à la mise en oeuvre du procédé de moulage objet de l'invention. By way of example, an embodiment of the apparatus intended for carrying out the molding process that is the subject of the invention will be described below in a schematic manner.

- la fig. 1 est une vue en coupe et en élévation de l'appareil objet de l'invention;
- la fig. 2 est un diagramme schématique représentant l'évolution des pressions appliquées sur le métal en fusion en fonction du temps.
- fig. 1 is a sectional and elevation view of the device which is the subject of the invention;
- fig. 2 is a schematic diagram representing the evolution of the pressures applied to the molten metal as a function of time.

En se reportant au dessin, on voit que la machine comprend essentiellement un moule 1 en plusieurs parties dont une partie constituant socle 2, une partie 3 constituant le couvercle du moule et un anneau latéral 4.  Referring to the drawing, it can be seen that the machine essentially comprises a mold 1 in several parts including a part constituting the base 2, a part 3 constituting the mold cover and a lateral ring 4.

Au milieu du socle 2 et dans son axe est prévu un diffuseur 5 pour réserver l'orifice du moyeu de la jante. Le couvercle 3 du moule comporte un bord relevé annulaire dans lequel s'engage le cylindre 6 où se déplace la tige 7 d'un vérin hydraulique 8 représenté schématiquement Un joint 9 en amiante ou en fibrocéramique est prévu à la partie inférieure du cylindre 6 entre sa base et le couvercle 3. In the middle of the base 2 and in its axis is provided a diffuser 5 to reserve the orifice of the hub of the rim. The lid 3 of the mold has an annular raised edge into which the cylinder 6 engages where the rod 7 of a hydraulic cylinder 8 moves, shown diagrammatically. A seal 9 made of asbestos or of fibroceramic is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 6 between its base and the cover 3.

Le fonctionnement de l'appareil est le suivant
L'opérateur verse le métal en fusion par l'entonnoir 10 de coulée et il remplit le moule lentement et progressivement à l'aide du métal en fusion qui s'écoule sous la simple action de la gravité.
The operation of the device is as follows
The operator pours the molten metal through the pouring funnel 10 and fills the mold slowly and gradually with the molten metal which flows under the simple action of gravity.

Une fois le moule rempli, l'opérateur agit sur le vérin 8 en faisant descendre la tige 7 de ce vérin de manière à exercer sur la surface du métal en fusion qui apparaft au niveau n , et par suite à l'intérieur du moule, une montée en pression d'abord relativement
2 faible pendant cinq à dix secondes par exemple, de l'ordre de 1 kg/cm2, puis une montée rapide pendant quinze secondes jusqu'à une valeur de
2 10 kg/cm dans le métal en cours de solidification, cette pression additionnelle élevée se maintenant jusqu'à refroidissement de la pièce et avant démoulage.
Once the mold is filled, the operator acts on the jack 8 by lowering the rod 7 of this jack so as to exert on the surface of the molten metal which appears at level n, and consequently inside the mold, a pressure rise first relatively
2 weak for five to ten seconds for example, of the order of 1 kg / cm2, then a rapid rise for fifteen seconds to a value of
2 10 kg / cm in the metal in the course of solidification, this additional high pressure being maintained until the part cools and before demolding.

Le programme de montée en pression est matérialisé sur la figure 2 où les pressions sont représentées par p et les temps par t. The pressure build-up program is shown in Figure 2 where the pressures are represented by p and the times by t.

Il y a lieu de signaler encore que la coulée s'effectue en général à une température de l'ordre de 700" et la solidification de la pièce commence vers 6000  It should also be pointed out that casting generally takes place at a temperature of the order of 700 "and the solidification of the part begins around 6000

Claims (5)

RevendicationsClaims 1. Procédé de moulage de pièces plus particulièrement en aluminium ou en alliage léger, caractérisé par le fait que le métal en fusion est coulé par gravité dans l'axe du moule de révolution, une pression additionnelle étant appliquée à l'aide d'un vérin (8) dont la tige (7) disposée également dans l'axe du moule est commandée de manière à descendre après remplissage du moule pour réaliser une montée en pression dans le moule afin d'éliminer toute retassure ou retrait de solidification ainsi que l'air inclus éventuellement. 1. A method of molding parts more particularly of aluminum or light alloy, characterized in that the molten metal is poured by gravity into the axis of the mold of revolution, an additional pressure being applied using a cylinder (8) whose rod (7) also disposed in the axis of the mold is controlled so as to descend after filling the mold to achieve a pressure rise in the mold in order to eliminate any shrinkage or shrinkage of solidification as well as the air possibly included. 2. Procédé tel que revendiqué en 1, caractérisé par le fait que la montée en pression dans le moule est réalisée d'abord par application d'une pression faible et constante de l'ordre de 1 kg/cm2 pendant cinq à dix secondes, suivie d'une montée en pression rapide 2 jusqu'à une valeur de 10 kg/cm, cette dernière pression étant main- tenue jusqu'à refroidissement de la pièce et avant démoulage. 2. Method as claimed in 1, characterized in that the pressure increase in the mold is carried out first by applying a low and constant pressure of the order of 1 kg / cm2 for five to ten seconds, followed by a rapid pressure increase 2 to a value of 10 kg / cm, this last pressure being maintained until the part has cooled and before demolding. 3. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé visé en 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que le moule (1) de révolution en plusieurs parties dont un socle (2), un couvercle (3) et un anneau latéral (4), comporte de préférence au centre du socle (2) un orifice axial prévu dans le couvercle (3) et comportant un rebord cylindrique destiné à recevoir le cylindre (6) dans lequel coulisse la tige (7) du vérin (8) chargé d'assurer une montée en pression supplémentaire après remplissage du moule (1) par gravité. 3. Device for implementing the process referred to in 1 and 2, characterized in that the mold (1) of revolution in several parts including a base (2), a cover (3) and a lateral ring (4) , preferably comprises in the center of the base (2) an axial orifice provided in the cover (3) and comprising a cylindrical rim intended to receive the cylinder (6) in which slides the rod (7) of the jack (8) loaded with ensure an additional pressure rise after filling the mold (1) by gravity. 4. Dispositif tel que revendiqué en 3, caractérisé par le fait que la socle du moule comporte en son centre un diffuseur pour ménager l'orifice du moyeu lorsque la pièce à mouler doit comporter un orifice axial central. 4. Device as claimed in 3, characterized in that the base of the mold has in its center a diffuser to provide the orifice of the hub when the part to be molded must have a central axial orifice. 5. Dispositif tel que revendiqué en 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'un joint étanche (9) de préférence en amiante ou en fibrocéramique est disposé entre le couvercle et la base du cylindre (6).  5. Device as claimed in 3 or 4, characterized in that a tight seal (9) preferably made of asbestos or of fibroceramic is placed between the cover and the base of the cylinder (6).
FR8108038A 1981-04-22 1981-04-22 Gravity casting of aluminium or light alloys - using additional pressure application to avoid solidification faults Granted FR2504424A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8108038A FR2504424A1 (en) 1981-04-22 1981-04-22 Gravity casting of aluminium or light alloys - using additional pressure application to avoid solidification faults

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8108038A FR2504424A1 (en) 1981-04-22 1981-04-22 Gravity casting of aluminium or light alloys - using additional pressure application to avoid solidification faults

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FR2504424A1 true FR2504424A1 (en) 1982-10-29
FR2504424B1 FR2504424B1 (en) 1984-03-16

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0404159A1 (en) * 1989-06-22 1990-12-27 Nkk Corporation Method of casting powder
US5143141A (en) * 1989-08-24 1992-09-01 Tva Holding S.P.A. Process and apparatus for the controlled-pressure casting of molten metals
US5301739A (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-04-12 Cook Arnold J Method for casting and densification
US6866087B2 (en) * 2002-03-29 2005-03-15 Water Gremlin Company Multiple casting apparatus and method
EP1518620A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2005-03-30 Water Gremlin Company Enhanced gravity casting
EP2848333A1 (en) * 2013-09-16 2015-03-18 Mubea Carbo Tech GmbH Method and device for producing a metallic component by means of a casting and mould
CN105817610A (en) * 2016-05-16 2016-08-03 宁波工程学院 Improved casting die and casting method for metal castings
US9748551B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2017-08-29 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US9917293B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2018-03-13 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US9954214B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-04-24 Water Gremlin Company Systems and methods for manufacturing battery parts
US10283754B2 (en) 2004-01-02 2019-05-07 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts and associated systems and methods
US11038156B2 (en) 2018-12-07 2021-06-15 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods
IT202100031076A1 (en) * 2021-12-10 2023-06-10 Paolo Zolesi METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PART IN LIGHT ALLOY BY MELTING LIGHT ALLOY AT LOW PRESSURE AND EQUIPMENT TO CARRY OUT SUCH METHOD

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US7338539B2 (en) 2004-01-02 2008-03-04 Water Gremlin Company Die cast battery terminal and a method of making
CN103878349A (en) * 2014-03-22 2014-06-25 中信戴卡宁波轮毂制造有限公司 Casting method and device

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FR749215A (en) * 1933-01-18 1933-07-20 Method and device for the production of castings under pressure
DE583939C (en) * 1933-09-12 Injecta Akt Ges Device for die casting
US1956907A (en) * 1932-03-12 1934-05-01 Theodore A Miller Method of casting
US2369277A (en) * 1943-04-14 1945-02-13 Campbell Phillip Apparatus for casting metals
EP0029511A1 (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-06-03 FATALUMINIUM S.p.A. Method and device for die casting molten metal, in particular molten light alloy

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE583939C (en) * 1933-09-12 Injecta Akt Ges Device for die casting
US1956907A (en) * 1932-03-12 1934-05-01 Theodore A Miller Method of casting
FR749215A (en) * 1933-01-18 1933-07-20 Method and device for the production of castings under pressure
US2369277A (en) * 1943-04-14 1945-02-13 Campbell Phillip Apparatus for casting metals
EP0029511A1 (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-06-03 FATALUMINIUM S.p.A. Method and device for die casting molten metal, in particular molten light alloy

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0404159A1 (en) * 1989-06-22 1990-12-27 Nkk Corporation Method of casting powder
US5021213A (en) * 1989-06-22 1991-06-04 Nkk Corporation Method of casting powder
US5143141A (en) * 1989-08-24 1992-09-01 Tva Holding S.P.A. Process and apparatus for the controlled-pressure casting of molten metals
US5301739A (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-04-12 Cook Arnold J Method for casting and densification
US6866087B2 (en) * 2002-03-29 2005-03-15 Water Gremlin Company Multiple casting apparatus and method
EP1518620A1 (en) * 2003-09-29 2005-03-30 Water Gremlin Company Enhanced gravity casting
US6997234B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2006-02-14 Water Gremlin Company Enhanced gravity casting
US7246650B2 (en) 2003-09-29 2007-07-24 Water Gremlin Company Enhanced gravity casting
US10283754B2 (en) 2004-01-02 2019-05-07 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts and associated systems and methods
US9917293B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2018-03-13 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US11942664B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2024-03-26 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US9935306B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2018-04-03 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US10910625B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2021-02-02 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US10181595B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2019-01-15 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US9748551B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2017-08-29 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having retaining and sealing features and associated methods of manufacture and use
US10217987B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-02-26 Water Gremlin Company Systems and methods for manufacturing battery parts
US9954214B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-04-24 Water Gremlin Company Systems and methods for manufacturing battery parts
US10022780B2 (en) 2013-09-16 2018-07-17 Mubea Carbo Tech Gmbh Producing a metal component with a casting-and-forming tool
EP2848333A1 (en) * 2013-09-16 2015-03-18 Mubea Carbo Tech GmbH Method and device for producing a metallic component by means of a casting and mould
AU2014218476B2 (en) * 2013-09-16 2016-04-28 Mubea Carbo Tech Gmbh Method and device for producing a metal component by using a casting- and forming-tool
CN105817610B (en) * 2016-05-16 2018-05-25 宁波工程学院 A kind of casting mould for metal castings
CN105817610A (en) * 2016-05-16 2016-08-03 宁波工程学院 Improved casting die and casting method for metal castings
US11038156B2 (en) 2018-12-07 2021-06-15 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods
US11283141B2 (en) 2018-12-07 2022-03-22 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods
US11804640B2 (en) 2018-12-07 2023-10-31 Water Gremlin Company Battery parts having solventless acid barriers and associated systems and methods
IT202100031076A1 (en) * 2021-12-10 2023-06-10 Paolo Zolesi METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PART IN LIGHT ALLOY BY MELTING LIGHT ALLOY AT LOW PRESSURE AND EQUIPMENT TO CARRY OUT SUCH METHOD

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