CN104399934B - A kind of ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities and prepare ceramic-metal composite material method - Google Patents
A kind of ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities and prepare ceramic-metal composite material method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104399934B CN104399934B CN201410610942.1A CN201410610942A CN104399934B CN 104399934 B CN104399934 B CN 104399934B CN 201410610942 A CN201410610942 A CN 201410610942A CN 104399934 B CN104399934 B CN 104399934B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic-metal composites preparation facilities and prepare ceramic-metal composites method, belonging to metal-base composites technical field.This device includes support, metal mold, ceramic particle adjusting apparatus, molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device, described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage, crosses flitch, material scraping plate and pan feeding cylinder body, and molten metal blowoff is positioned on metal mold.The method is that molten metal is ejected in metal mold by molten metal blowoff with droplet shape, ceramic particle ceramic particle specific region passage from ceramic particle adjusting apparatus drops in metal mold, prepares difform ceramic-metal composites by the shape adjusting ceramic particle specific region.These apparatus and method are compared with traditional, it is possible to prepare the ceramic-metal composites of various volume fraction, distributed areas, shape, applied widely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities and prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, belonging to metal-base composites technical field.
Background technology
Ceramic-metal composite material breaches tradition antifriction metal (AFM) wearability, the restriction of manufacturing cost, shows the performance of excellence, the most progressively substitute traditional wear-resistant metal material, such as potassium steel, rich chromium cast iron etc. in modern industry production application.It is applicable to cement, mine, metallurgy, power station or various similar industry, the intensity of overall skin layer composite material composite bed is low, make it apply to be restricted, and the effect strengthening wearability not only can be played in main wear-resisting position by ceramic particle area distribution, can also be by there is no the supporting role of ceramic particle region tough matrix metal so that composite really has wearability and toughness concurrently.Ceramic particle volume fraction and distributed architecture thereof are very big on the impact of ceramic-metal composite material, prepare the ceramic-metal composite material of various volume fraction and distributed architecture, to meet different working condition requirements, have important application meaning.
nullChinese invention patent CN101602093A discloses a kind of equipment preparing particles reiforced metal-base composition，Mainly include heat preservation tank，Collection crucible is set in heat preservation tank，The mill that crucible is made up of the Moving plate matched and price fixing built with a pair，Price fixing is fixed in collection crucible，The middle part of dish is provided with a connecting rod，One section of connecting rod connects agitator，Moving plate is connected in the middle part of connecting rod，Price fixing is provided with a charge door melting base material and an enhancing charge door，Device bottom has discharging opening and passage，But the subject matter existed has: owing to ceramic particle differs greatly with molten metal proportion，Ceramic particle is added molten metal stirring by addition by this device can not be made to be uniformly distributed in molten metal，And whipping process is readily incorporated gas swirl，Cause casting flaw，And this device is suitable only for the composite that preparation entirety is all distributed，And the composite of specific region distribution ceramic particle can not be prepared，This external agitator is easily subject to heat etching in high-temperature liquid metal，Service life is short.Chinese invention patent CN2285300Y discloses a kind of device for preparing liquid stirred ceramic reinforced metal base composite material; the stirring of its predominantly organic tool and furnace portion form; under the protection of noble gas; while mechanical agitator high-speed alloy liquation; add and strengthen thing; after stirring fully, molding obtains strengthening the metal-base composites that thing is evenly distributed.But the subject matter existed has: under this device for mechanical stirs, pottery strengthens the easy agglomerate of thing, is centrifuged in edge, pottery is made to strengthen thing distributed pole uneven, and the proportion of pottery enhancing thing differs greatly with alloy molten solution, pottery strengthens thing and can entirety float, making pottery strengthen thing and concentrate on top, and this device is prepared composite and is only suitable for and flood composite, range of application is restricted.Chinese invention patent CN103862005A discloses a kind of metal-base composites or the device of semi solid slurry and using method thereof, and its device is mainly collected container, actuating device, crust of the device, sidewall muscle, bottom muscle, motor and deceleration device formed by container end, heating element heater, melting container, Vltrasonic device, thermocouple, valve switch, tapping channel, rotary apparatus, devices support structures, material.Its main method is by METAL HEATING PROCESS is melted to semi solid zone, rear addition reinforcing material, rotating container again makes metal paste be frozen into metal-base composites after mixing homogeneously with reinforcing material, under the conditions of semisolid, molten metal is the pasty state of thickness, reinforcing material more can be uniformly distributed in metal paste, but the subject matter existed has: by rotary collecting material container, method not can fully ensure that reinforcing material is uniformly distributed in metal paste completely.And be only suitable for preparing equally distributed ceramic-metal composite material.
In sum, the major defect currently preparing ceramic-metal composite material device has；Ceramic particle is easy skewness in molten metal；It is limited only to prepare the ceramic-metal composite material that flood is compound.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities and prepares ceramic-metal composite material method.These apparatus and method are compared with traditional, it is possible to preparing the ceramic-metal composite material of various volume fraction, distributed areas, shape, applied widely, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
nullA kind of ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities，Including support 1、Metal mold 8、Ceramic particle adjusting apparatus、Molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device，Described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage 9、Cross flitch 10 for two grades、Material scraping plate I 11、One-level crosses flitch 12、Material scraping plate II 13、Pan feeding cylinder body 14、Ceramic particle feeding mouth 15、Power transmission shaft 16 and adjustable speed motor 17，Molten metal blowoff includes molten metal casting gate 2、Pressurized gas inlet 3、High-pressure pump 4 and nozzle 5，Cooling water circulating device includes coolant outlet 6、Cooling water inlet 7 and cooling water pipe，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 is fixed on support 1，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 bottom opening connects metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 one side roof part is provided with molten metal casting gate 2 and pressurized gas inlet 3，Molten metal casting gate 2 is connected with high-pressure pump 4，Nozzle 5 subsidiary on high-pressure pump 4 is fixed on metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 surface is provided with cooling water pipe，Coolant outlet 6 it is respectively equipped with on cooling water pipe、Cooling water inlet 7，Adjustable speed motor 17 is positioned on support 1，It is internal that adjustable speed motor 17 lower end is positioned at pan feeding cylinder body 14，Adjustable speed motor 17 lower end be sequentially provided with from top to bottom one-level cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 one-level simultaneously cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 and be fixed on material screens step within cylinder body 14，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9，One-level is crossed flitch 12 and is provided with material scraping plate II 13，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with material scraping plate I 11.
Described one-level is crossed the hole of flitch 12 band and is uniformly distributed, the shape in hole, size and quantity can select according to the concrete shape of selected ceramic particle, size and composite ceramic particle volume fraction to be prepared, bore dia 1 ~ 10mm bigger than the maximum gauge of ceramic particle.
Cross flitch 10 and be provided with that ceramic particle specific region passage 9 is generally circular in shape, square or polygon for described two grades, the concrete size of passage and designed composite recombination region consistent size.
Described one-level crosses flitch 12 or two grades of flitch 10 quantity excessively are respectively 2 ~ 10, is symmetrically distributed on power transmission shaft 16, regulates power transmission shaft 16 rotating speed, drives the material scraping plate adjustable ceramic granule amount of falling, and then regulate recombination region ceramic particle volume fraction.
Described nozzle 5 quantity is 2 ~ 8, is uniformly distributed in metal mold 8 mould cavity.
A kind of use ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, first by molten metal after molten metal casting gate 2 injects high-pressure pump 4, close molten metal casting gate 2；
Step 2, adjustment adjustable speed motor 17 rotating speed, drive material scraping plate I 11, material scraping plate II 13 to rotate by power transmission shaft 16, injects cooling water from cold water intaking entrance 7, discharges from coolant outlet 6；
Step 3, it is passed through gases at high pressure from pressurized gas inlet 3 and makes molten metal nozzle 5 spray with droplet shape from multi-faceted, carry ceramic particle from ceramic particle feeding mouth 15 simultaneously and enter pan feeding cylinder body 14, then material scraping plate I 11 makes ceramic particle uniformly cross flitch 12 from one-level and drops down onto two grades of flitch 10 excessively, cross ceramic particle specific region passage 9 on flitch 10 through two grades again and fall in metal mold 8, ceramic particle and the molten drop rapid solidification falling into metal mold 8, form ceramic-metal composite material.
Generally circular in shape, the square or polygon of described ceramic particle specific region passage 9, therefore can prepare cellular, quincuncial pile shape, interval stratiform, the ceramic-metal composite material of Gradient distribution.
Above-mentioned high-pressure pump 4 can bear the pressure of at least 1500 DEG C of temperature, at least 30MPa, and the gas that pressurized gas inlet 3 is passed through is the noble gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen or argon.
The material of said nozzle 5 can be the material such as refractory ceramics or iron-based, cobalt-based, Ni-based high-temperature alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention is by changing two grades of ceramic particle specific region passage, the quantity of one-level punishment in advance plate hole and rotating speed of transmission shafts crossed on flitch, compared with being uniformly distributed composite preparation facilities and method with traditional ceramics granule, the present invention can prepare the ceramic-metal composite material of various volume fraction, distributed areas, shape, applied widely；
2, the present invention is provided with quick solidification apparatus, by using cooling water, the molten drop penetrated by high pressure spray is quickly fixed after entering metal mold with ceramic particle with certain proportion, avoid paddling process and prepare ceramic-metal composite material ceramic particle skewness, the shortcoming that stirring rod service life is short.
3, under quick cooling effect, the crystal grain of the obtained metallic matrix of the present invention is refined, and is effectively improved the performance of parent metal, and then improves the combination property of ceramic-metal composite material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations；
Fig. 2 is ceramic honeycomb-metallic composite schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares；
Fig. 3 is interval stratiform ceramic honeycomb-metallic composite schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 prepares；
Fig. 4 is quincuncial pile shape ceramic honeycomb-metallic composite schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 3 prepares.
In figure: 1-support, 2-molten metal casting gate, 3-pressurized gas inlet, 4-high-pressure pump, 5-nozzle, 6-coolant outlet, 7-cooling water inlet, 8-metal mold, 9-ceramic particle specific region passage, 10-bis-grades crosses flitch, 11-material scraping plate I, and 12-one-level crosses flitch, 13-material scraping plate II, 14-pan feeding cylinder body, 15-ceramic particle feeding mouth, 16-power transmission shaft, 17-adjustable speed motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
nullAs shown in Figure 1，This ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities，Including support 1、Metal mold 8、Ceramic particle adjusting apparatus、Molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device，Described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage 9、Cross flitch 10 for two grades、Material scraping plate I 11、One-level crosses flitch 12、Material scraping plate II 13、Pan feeding cylinder body 14、Ceramic particle feeding mouth 15、Power transmission shaft 16 and adjustable speed motor 17，Molten metal blowoff includes molten metal casting gate 2、Pressurized gas inlet 3、High-pressure pump 4 and nozzle 5，Cooling water circulating device includes coolant outlet 6、Cooling water inlet 7 and cooling water pipe，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 is fixed on support 1，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 bottom opening connects metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 one side roof part is provided with molten metal casting gate 2 and pressurized gas inlet 3，Molten metal casting gate 2 is connected with high-pressure pump 4，Nozzle 5 subsidiary on high-pressure pump 4 is fixed on metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 surface is provided with cooling water pipe，Coolant outlet 6 it is respectively equipped with on cooling water pipe、Cooling water inlet 7，Adjustable speed motor 17 is positioned on support 1，It is internal that adjustable speed motor 17 lower end is positioned at pan feeding cylinder body 14，Adjustable speed motor 17 lower end be sequentially provided with from top to bottom one-level cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 one-level simultaneously cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 and be fixed on material screens step within cylinder body 14，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9，One-level is crossed flitch 12 and is provided with material scraping plate II 13，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with material scraping plate I 11.
Wherein one-level crosses the aperture, hole of flitch 12 band is 4mm, and the spacing in hole is 8mm；Crossing the circular a diameter of 10mm in resistance material position on flitch 10 for two grades, spacing is 20mm, and the gap between circular resistance material position is ceramic particle passage 9；One-level crosses flitch 12 or two grades of flitch 10 quantity excessively are respectively 2, is symmetrically distributed on power transmission shaft 16, regulates power transmission shaft 16 rotating speed, drives the material scraping plate adjustable ceramic granule amount of falling, and then regulate recombination region ceramic particle volume fraction；Nozzle 5 quantity is 2, is uniformly distributed in metal mold 8 mould cavity.
This use ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, first by 1600 DEG C by rich chromium cast iron molten metal after molten metal casting gate 2 injects high-pressure pump 4, close molten metal casting gate 2；
Step 2, adjustment adjustable speed motor 17 rotating speed, drive material scraping plate I 11, material scraping plate II 13 to rotate by power transmission shaft 16 with the speed of 70 turns per minute, injects cooling water from cold water intaking entrance 7, discharges from coolant outlet 6；
Step 3, it is passed through high pressure argon gas from pressurized gas inlet 3 and makes molten metal nozzle 5 spray with droplet shape from multi-faceted, carry, from ceramic particle feeding mouth 15, the Zircon corundum ceramics granule that particle diameter is 2mm simultaneously and enter pan feeding cylinder body 14, then material scraping plate I 11 makes ceramic particle uniformly cross flitch 12 from one-level and drops down onto two grades of flitch 10 excessively, cross ceramic particle specific region passage 9 on flitch 10 through two grades again and fall in metal mold 8, ceramic particle and the molten drop rapid solidification falling into metal mold 8, form ceramic-metal composite material.
Finally prepare ceramic honeycomb-metallic composite, as shown in Figure 2.
Above-mentioned high-pressure pump 4 can bear the pressure of at least 1500 DEG C of temperature, at least 30MPa, and the material of nozzle 5 can be refractory ceramics.
Embodiment 2
nullAs shown in Figure 1，This ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities，Including support 1、Metal mold 8、Ceramic particle adjusting apparatus、Molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device，Described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage 9、Cross flitch 10 for two grades、Material scraping plate I 11、One-level crosses flitch 12、Material scraping plate II 13、Pan feeding cylinder body 14、Ceramic particle feeding mouth 15、Power transmission shaft 16 and adjustable speed motor 17，Molten metal blowoff includes molten metal casting gate 2、Pressurized gas inlet 3、High-pressure pump 4 and nozzle 5，Cooling water circulating device includes coolant outlet 6、Cooling water inlet 7 and cooling water pipe，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 is fixed on support 1，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 bottom opening connects metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 one side roof part is provided with molten metal casting gate 2 and pressurized gas inlet 3，Molten metal casting gate 2 is connected with high-pressure pump 4，Nozzle 5 subsidiary on high-pressure pump 4 is fixed on metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 surface is provided with cooling water pipe，Coolant outlet 6 it is respectively equipped with on cooling water pipe、Cooling water inlet 7，Adjustable speed motor 17 is positioned on support 1，It is internal that adjustable speed motor 17 lower end is positioned at pan feeding cylinder body 14，Adjustable speed motor 17 lower end be sequentially provided with from top to bottom one-level cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 one-level simultaneously cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 and be fixed on material screens step within cylinder body 14，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9，One-level is crossed flitch 12 and is provided with material scraping plate II 13，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with material scraping plate I 11.
Wherein one-level crosses flitch 12 band aperture is 2mm, and the spacing in hole is 4mm；Two grades of mistake flitch 10 are provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9 and are shaped as square, and square hole is 20mm with the adjacent edge spacing in hole；One-level crosses flitch 12 or two grades of flitch 10 quantity excessively are respectively 10, is symmetrically distributed on power transmission shaft 16, regulates power transmission shaft 16 rotating speed, drives the material scraping plate adjustable ceramic granule amount of falling, and then regulate recombination region ceramic particle volume fraction；Nozzle 5 quantity is 8, is uniformly distributed in metal mold 8 mould cavity.
This use ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, first by 1600 DEG C by high chrome molten metal after molten metal casting gate 2 injects high-pressure pump 4, close molten metal casting gate 2；
Step 2, adjustment adjustable speed motor 17 rotating speed, drive material scraping plate I 11, material scraping plate II 13 to rotate by power transmission shaft 16 with the speed of 70 turns per minute, injects cooling water from cold water intaking entrance 7, discharges from coolant outlet 6；
Step 3, it is passed through high pressure argon gas from pressurized gas inlet 3 and makes molten metal nozzle 5 spray with droplet shape from multi-faceted, carry, from ceramic particle feeding mouth 15, the titanium carbide ceramic granule that particle diameter is 1mm simultaneously and enter pan feeding cylinder body 14, then material scraping plate I 11 makes ceramic particle uniformly cross flitch 12 from one-level and drops down onto two grades of flitch 10 excessively, cross ceramic particle specific region passage 9 on flitch 10 through two grades again and fall in metal mold 8, the conveying of ceramic particle is interrupted every two minutes, ceramic particle and the molten drop rapid solidification falling into metal mold 8, form ceramic-metal composite material.
Therefore the ceramic-metal composite material of interval stratiform can be prepared, as shown in Figure 3.
Wherein high-pressure pump 4 can bear the pressure of at least 1500 DEG C of temperature, at least 30MPa；The material of nozzle 5 can be iron-based High-temperature resistant alloy material.
Embodiment 3
nullAs shown in Figure 1，This ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities，Including support 1、Metal mold 8、Ceramic particle adjusting apparatus、Molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device，Described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage 9、Cross flitch 10 for two grades、Material scraping plate I 11、One-level crosses flitch 12、Material scraping plate II 13、Pan feeding cylinder body 14、Ceramic particle feeding mouth 15、Power transmission shaft 16 and adjustable speed motor 17，Molten metal blowoff includes molten metal casting gate 2、Pressurized gas inlet 3、High-pressure pump 4 and nozzle 5，Cooling water circulating device includes coolant outlet 6、Cooling water inlet 7 and cooling water pipe，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 is fixed on support 1，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 bottom opening connects metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 one side roof part is provided with molten metal casting gate 2 and pressurized gas inlet 3，Molten metal casting gate 2 is connected with high-pressure pump 4，Nozzle 5 subsidiary on high-pressure pump 4 is fixed on metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 surface is provided with cooling water pipe，Coolant outlet 6 it is respectively equipped with on cooling water pipe、Cooling water inlet 7，Adjustable speed motor 17 is positioned on support 1，It is internal that adjustable speed motor 17 lower end is positioned at pan feeding cylinder body 14，Adjustable speed motor 17 lower end be sequentially provided with from top to bottom one-level cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 one-level simultaneously cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 and be fixed on material screens step within cylinder body 14，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9，One-level is crossed flitch 12 and is provided with material scraping plate II 13，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with material scraping plate I 11.
Wherein one-level crosses the aperture, hole of flitch 12 band is 2mm, and the spacing in hole is 4mm；Crossing flitch 10 to be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9 generally circular in shape for two grades, aperture is 5mm, and the spacing in hole is 10mm；One-level crosses flitch 12 or two grades of flitch 10 quantity excessively are respectively 8, is symmetrically distributed on power transmission shaft 16, regulates power transmission shaft 16 rotating speed, drives the material scraping plate adjustable ceramic granule amount of falling, and then regulate recombination region ceramic particle volume fraction；Nozzle 5 quantity is 6, is uniformly distributed in metal mold 8 mould cavity.
This use ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, first by 1600 DEG C by rich chromium cast iron molten metal after molten metal casting gate 2 injects high-pressure pump 4, close molten metal casting gate 2；
Step 2, adjustment adjustable speed motor 17 rotating speed, drive material scraping plate I 11, material scraping plate II 13 to rotate by power transmission shaft 16 with the speed of 60 turns per minute, injects cooling water from cold water intaking entrance 7, discharges from coolant outlet 6；
Step 3, it is passed through high pressure argon gas from pressurized gas inlet 3 and makes molten metal nozzle 5 spray with droplet shape from multi-faceted, carry, from feeding mouth 15, the tungsten carbide ceramics particles that particle diameter is 1mm simultaneously and enter pan feeding cylinder body 14, then material scraping plate I 11 makes ceramic particle uniformly cross flitch 12 from one-level and drops down onto two grades of flitch 10 excessively, cross ceramic particle specific region passage 9 on flitch 10 through two grades again and fall in metal mold 8, ceramic particle and the molten drop rapid solidification falling into metal mold 8, form ceramic-metal composite material.
Therefore the ceramic-metal composite material of quincuncial pile shape can be prepared, as shown in Figure 4.
Above-mentioned high-pressure pump 4 can bear the pressure of at least 1500 DEG C of temperature, at least 30MPa；The material of nozzle 5 can be cobalt-based material.
Embodiment 4
nullAs shown in Figure 1，This ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities，Including support 1、Metal mold 8、Ceramic particle adjusting apparatus、Molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device，Described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage 9、Cross flitch 10 for two grades、Material scraping plate I 11、One-level crosses flitch 12、Material scraping plate II 13、Pan feeding cylinder body 14、Ceramic particle feeding mouth 15、Power transmission shaft 16 and adjustable speed motor 17，Molten metal blowoff includes molten metal casting gate 2、Pressurized gas inlet 3、High-pressure pump 4 and nozzle 5，Cooling water circulating device includes coolant outlet 6、Cooling water inlet 7 and cooling water pipe，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 is fixed on support 1，Pan feeding cylinder body 14 bottom opening connects metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 one side roof part is provided with molten metal casting gate 2 and pressurized gas inlet 3，Molten metal casting gate 2 is connected with high-pressure pump 4，Nozzle 5 subsidiary on high-pressure pump 4 is fixed on metal mold 8，Metal mold 8 surface is provided with cooling water pipe，Coolant outlet 6 it is respectively equipped with on cooling water pipe、Cooling water inlet 7，Adjustable speed motor 17 is positioned on support 1，It is internal that adjustable speed motor 17 lower end is positioned at pan feeding cylinder body 14，Adjustable speed motor 17 lower end be sequentially provided with from top to bottom one-level cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 one-level simultaneously cross flitch 12 and two grades cross flitch 10 and be fixed on material screens step within cylinder body 14，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9，One-level is crossed flitch 12 and is provided with material scraping plate II 13，Cross flitch 10 for two grades and be provided with material scraping plate I 11.
Wherein one-level crosses the aperture, hole of flitch 12 band is 4mm, and the spacing in hole is 8mm；Crossing flitch 10 to be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage 9 generally circular in shape for two grades, aperture is 10mm, and the spacing in hole is 20mm；One-level crosses flitch 12 or two grades of flitch 10 quantity excessively are respectively 6, is symmetrically distributed on power transmission shaft 16, regulates power transmission shaft 16 rotating speed, drives the material scraping plate adjustable ceramic granule amount of falling, and then regulate recombination region ceramic particle volume fraction；Nozzle 5 quantity is 6, is uniformly distributed in metal mold 8 mould cavity.
This use ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, first by 1600 DEG C by rich chromium cast iron molten metal after molten metal casting gate 2 injects high-pressure pump 4, close molten metal casting gate 2；
Step 2, adjustment adjustable speed motor 17 rotating speed, drive material scraping plate I 11, material scraping plate II 13 to rotate by power transmission shaft 16 with the speed of 60 turns per minute, injects cooling water from cold water intaking entrance 7, discharges from coolant outlet 6；
Step 3, it is passed through high pressure argon gas from pressurized gas inlet 3 and makes molten metal nozzle 5 spray with droplet shape from multi-faceted, carry, from feeding mouth 15, the boron carbide ceramics granule that particle diameter is 2mm simultaneously and enter pan feeding cylinder body 14, then material scraping plate I 11 makes ceramic particle uniformly cross flitch 12 from one-level and drops down onto two grades of flitch 10 excessively, cross ceramic particle specific region passage 9 on flitch 10 through two grades again and fall in metal mold 8, ceramic particle and the molten drop rapid solidification falling into metal mold 8, form ceramic-metal composite material.
Therefore cellular ceramic-metal composite material can be prepared, as shown in Figure 2.
Above-mentioned high-pressure pump 4 can bear the pressure of at least 1500 DEG C of temperature, at least 30MPa；The material of nozzle 5 can be nickel-base material.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art are possessed, it is also possible on the premise of without departing from present inventive concept, various changes can be made.
Claims (8)
- null1. a ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities，It is characterized in that: include support (1)、Metal mold (8)、Ceramic particle adjusting apparatus、Molten metal blowoff and cooling water circulating device，Described ceramic particle adjusting apparatus includes ceramic particle specific region passage (9)、Cross flitch (10) for two grades、Material scraping plate I (11)、One-level crosses flitch (12)、Material scraping plate II (13)、Pan feeding cylinder body (14)、Ceramic particle feeding mouth (15)、Power transmission shaft (16) and adjustable speed motor (17)，Molten metal blowoff includes molten metal casting gate (2)、Pressurized gas inlet (3)、High-pressure pump (4) and nozzle (5)，Cooling water circulating device includes coolant outlet (6)、Cooling water inlet (7) and cooling water pipe，Pan feeding cylinder body (14) is fixed on support (1)，Pan feeding cylinder body (14) bottom opening connects metal mold (8)，Metal mold (8) one side roof part is provided with molten metal casting gate (2) and pressurized gas inlet (3)，Molten metal casting gate (2) is connected with high-pressure pump (4)，The upper subsidiary nozzle (5) of high-pressure pump (4) is fixed on metal mold (8)，Metal mold (8) surface is provided with cooling water pipe，Coolant outlet (6) it is respectively equipped with on cooling water pipe、Cooling water inlet (7)，Adjustable speed motor (17) is positioned on support (1)，It is internal that adjustable speed motor (17) lower end is positioned at pan feeding cylinder body (14)，Adjustable speed motor (17) lower end be sequentially provided with from top to bottom one-level cross flitch (12) and two grades cross flitch (10) one-level simultaneously cross flitch (12) and two grades cross flitch (10) and be fixed on the screens step inside pan feeding cylinder body (14)，Cross flitch (10) for two grades and be provided with ceramic particle specific region passage (9)，One-level is crossed flitch (12) and is provided with material scraping plate II (13)，Cross flitch (10) for two grades and be provided with material scraping plate I (11).
- Ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described one-level is crossed the hole that flitch (12) carries and is uniformly distributed, the shape in hole, size and quantity select according to concrete shape, size and the composite ceramic particle volume fraction to be prepared of selected ceramic particle, bore dia 1 ~ 10mm bigger than the maximum gauge of ceramic particle.
- Ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: cross flitch (10) and be provided with that ceramic particle specific region passage (9) is generally circular in shape or polygon for described two grades.
- 4. according to the ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described one-level crosses flitch (12) or two grades of flitch (10) quantity excessively are respectively 2 ~ 10, is symmetrically distributed on power transmission shaft (16).
- Ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described nozzle (5) quantity is 2 ~ 8, is uniformly distributed in metal mold (8) mould cavity.
- Ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described ceramic particle specific region passage (9) is shaped as square.
- 7. the ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities that a kind uses described in claim 1 prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps thatStep 1, first by molten metal after molten metal casting gate (2) injects high-pressure pump (4), close molten metal casting gate (2)；Step 2, adjustment adjustable speed motor (17) rotating speed, drive material scraping plate I (11), material scraping plate II (13) to rotate by power transmission shaft (16), injects cooling water from cooling water inlet (7), from coolant outlet (6) discharge；Step 3, it is passed through gases at high pressure from pressurized gas inlet (3) and makes molten metal nozzle (5) spray with droplet shape from multi-faceted, enter pan feeding cylinder body (14) from ceramic particle feeding mouth (15) conveying ceramic particle simultaneously, then material scraping plate I (11) makes ceramic particle uniformly cross flitch (12) from one-level and drops down onto two grades of flitch (10) excessively, cross upper ceramic particle specific region passage (9) of flitch (10) through two grades again and fall in metal mold (8), ceramic particle and the molten drop rapid solidification falling into metal mold (8), form ceramic-metal composite material.
- Ceramic-metal composite material preparation facilities the most according to claim 7 prepare ceramic-metal composite material method, it is characterized in that: described ceramic particle specific region passage (9) is generally circular in shape, square or other polygon, therefore can prepare cellular, quincuncial pile shape, interval stratiform or the ceramic-metal composite material of Gradient distribution.
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