CN105195265B - Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105195265B CN105195265B CN201510711569.3A CN201510711569A CN105195265B CN 105195265 B CN105195265 B CN 105195265B CN 201510711569 A CN201510711569 A CN 201510711569A CN 105195265 B CN105195265 B CN 105195265B
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Abstract
Include hammer handle and hammer body the invention discloses a kind of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads, the hammer body is that two kinds of metal liquid composite castings form, and the hammer body and the casting of solid hammer handle are formed by connecting tup.Its manufacturing method includes the following steps：Step 1：According to the structure fabrication of tup casting sand mold；Step 2：Low-alloy steel blank processes hammer handle and one end of hammer handle is embedded into the casting sand mold of tup；Step 3：Select rich chromium cast iron and carbon steel quantitative pouring in order；Step 4：Heat treatment.Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads can not only improve the wear-resisting property of tup, and hammer body and hammer handle are tightly combined and do not crack, overcome casting flaw, improve product yield ratio, reduce cleaning work amount, the quality and service life of tup are increased dramatically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads, belong to advanced composite material (ACM) preparing technical field.
Background technology
Tup is the key that mine, building materials, electric power, accessory on metallurgy and the widely used hammer mill of chemical industry,
It is also vulnerable part, consumption is huge.Tup is whole to be divided into hammer handle and hammer body two parts, hammer handle requirement according to job specification difference
Higher intensity and toughness, hammer body then more demanding wearability.For a long time, tup mostly uses potassium steel manufacture, both ensures
The obdurability of hammer handle, and meet the wearability of hammer body using the processing hardening of potassium steel.The matrix of potassium steel is Austria
Family name's body is transformed into martensite in the broken extrusion process of hard material, should theoretically have higher case hardness.But
During material is broken, sharp and hard material is easy to scratch hammer body surface, and processing hardening has little time to be formed, is just seriously worn,
It fails so as to cause tup.
For composite hammer head using rich chromium cast iron as hammer body, carbon steel is hammer handle.Because carbon steel is cheap, make the material of tup entirety
Cost declines；Rich chromium cast iron hardness is high, and more resistant, service life significantly improves.Therefore the application of composite hammer head is to solve tup
The effective way of wear-resisting problem.
The manufacture of prior art composite hammer head mainly has two kinds of methods, and it is compound that one is liquid-liquids, and another kind is that solid-liquid is compound.
Compound liquid-liquid is that two different molten metals are injected in order in tup casting mold, first pours into the Gao Ge of hammer body part
Cast iron, after pour into the cast steel of hammer handle part.In this way in cooling meat, cast steel liquid penetrates into rich chromium cast iron, the company of hammer body and hammer handle
The place of connecing is cast steel, can ensure the obdurability of junction.In addition, hammer body part, in lower part, consistency can obtain adequately
Ensure.In order to ensure the consistency of hammer handle part, it is necessary to dispose sufficiently large riser at the top of hammer handle casting mold.In order to ensure to mend
Contracting channel is unimpeded, it is also necessary to be arranged at hammer handle position and subsidize.It is low to will result in tup casting process yield in this way, cleaning work
Measure big unfavorable factor.
It is that the hammer handle of solid is embedded in the casting mold of tup that solid-liquid is compound, then pours into casting mold rich chromium cast iron liquid and wraps
One end of hammer handle is enclosed, composite hammer head is formed.Hammer handle can be forged steel pieces, can also be cut by steel plate, and obdurability wants bright
The aobvious hammer handle better than steel-casting.The pouring temperature of rich chromium cast iron is 1350-1400 DEG C, and the fusing point of carbon steel is at 1500 DEG C or so；Cause
This, rich chromium cast iron hammer body is hardly formed metallurgical binding with carbon steel hammer handle.Solving the problems, such as this, there are two methods：1）It is hammered into shape by changing
Handle structure forms mechanical bond with rich chromium cast iron hammer body, but its binding force is not so good as metallurgical binding；2）By greatly improving high chromium casting
The pouring temperature of iron reaches the metallurgical binding of hammer body and hammer handle, but chromium is oxidizable element, improves temperature and be easy to cause chromium
Scaling loss and formation oxide inclusion.In addition, rich chromium cast iron belongs to fragile material, when solidification shrinkage, holds when being hindered by carbon steel hammer handle
Crackle is easily formed, is gradually extended until fracture in tup operation.
According to currently available technology composite wear-resistant hammerhead manufacturing process, the wear-resisting property of tup can improve, and the service life extends；
But various types of casting flaws are easy tod produce, the quality and service life of tup is influenced, requires further improvement and perfect.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wear-resisting properties that can not only improve tup, and hammer body and hammer handle combine
It does not crack closely, overcomes casting flaw, improve product yield ratio, reduce cleaning work amount, the quality of tup and use the longevity
Order the double composite wear-resistant hammerheads being increased dramatically and its manufacturing method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution：
Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads, including hammer handle and hammer body, the hammer handle and hammer body casting are formed by connecting, the hammer body
It is formed for two kinds of metal liquid composite castings, the casting of the hammer body and solid hammer handle is formed by connecting tup.
The hammer handle is processed by forged steel or shaped steel and is formed, and material is low-alloy steel；The hammer body is by high chromium white
Two kinds of metal liquids of cast iron and carbon steel sequentially inject tup casting sand mold and to be enclosed in solid hammer handle one end surrounding compound
It casts, metallurgical binding is formed with hammer handle.
The ingredient and mass percent of low-alloy steel（%）：C：0. 3-0. 9, Mn：0.4-1.2, Si：0.3-1.0, Cr：
0.2-1.2, Mo：0.1-0.8, Ni：0.5-6.0, P≤0.05, S≤0.05, remaining is Fe.Performance requirement：Tensile strength >=
800MPa, impact flexibility >=40J/cm2。
The ingredient and mass percent of rich chromium cast iron（%）：C：1.8-3.2, Mn：0.4-1.2, Si：0.3-1.0, Cr：
10.0-30.0 Mo：0.1-3.0, Cu：0.5-1.0, Ni：0.5-3.0, Ti：0.0-0.4, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, remaining is
Fe.Performance requirement：HRC >=60, impact flexibility >=10J/cm2。
The ingredient and mass percent of carbon steel（%）：C：0.2-0.5, Mn：0.3-0.8, Si：0.3-0.6, P≤0.04, S
≤ 0.04, remaining is Fe.Performance requirement：Elongation percentage >=20%.
The manufacturing method of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads includes the following steps：
Step 1：According to the structure fabrication of tup casting sand mold, dried after hardening；
Step 2：The size requirement that low-alloy steel blank is reached to hammer handle by die forging or mechanical processing, clears up hammer handle table
It is preheated behind face, and one end of hammer handle after preheating is embedded into the casting sand mold of tup；
Step 3：Rich chromium cast iron and carbon steel quantitative pouring in order are selected, melting rich chromium cast iron and carbon steel, will first determine respectively
The rich chromium cast iron iron liquid of amount pours into casting sand mold, and 1350-1450 DEG C of pouring temperature pours into carbon immediately after rich chromium cast iron solidification
Molten steel, 1500-1600 DEG C of pouring temperature, until full of casting cavity；Dead head is removed after cooling, clears up tup casting；
Step 4：Heat treatment：Temper after normalizing, normalizing：Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads are heated to 880-1080 DEG C, are protected
After 2-5 hours warm, air blast of coming out of the stove is air-cooled to room temperature；Tempering：Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads are heated to 200-300 DEG C, heat preservation 2-5 is small
Shi Hou, cooling of coming out of the stove.
The wearing layer rich chromium cast iron of tup of the present invention is placed in the bottom of casting sand mold, and cooling velocity is fast, and crystal grain is thin, and feeding is filled
Point, dense structure, final solidified place can obtain the supplement of carbon steel, and rich chromium cast iron interpenetrates between the two with carbon steel, in conjunction with
Power is powerful；The carbon content of carbon steel is relatively low, and plasticity is good, is enclosed in low-alloy steel hammer handle surrounding, is tightly combined, does not crack.
The pouring temperature of carbon steel is properly increased in pouring temperature range, carbon steel is merged with hammer handle surface, forms transition zone, and binding force is strong；
Internal densener of the hammer handle as carbon steel, feeding amount are reduced, and riser can reduce, it might even be possible to riser is not set, yield rate greatly improves,
Cleaning work amount reduces.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
1, the present invention can not only improve the wear-resisting property of tup, and hammer body and hammer handle are tightly combined and do not crack,
Overcome casting flaw, improve product yield ratio, reduces cleaning work amount, the quality and service life of tup are increased dramatically.
2, the wearing layer rich chromium cast iron of tup of the present invention is placed in the bottom of casting sand mold, and cooling velocity is fast, and crystal grain is thin, feeding
Fully, dense structure, final solidified place can obtain the supplement of carbon steel, and rich chromium cast iron interpenetrates between the two with carbon steel, knot
It is powerful with joint efforts；The carbon content of carbon steel is relatively low, and plasticity is good, is enclosed in low-alloy steel hammer handle surrounding, is tightly combined, does not crack.
The pouring temperature of carbon steel is properly increased in pouring temperature range, carbon steel is merged with hammer handle surface, forms transition zone, binding force
By force；Internal densener of the hammer handle as carbon steel, feeding amount are reduced, and riser can reduce, it might even be possible to not set riser, yield rate substantially carries
Height, cleaning work amount reduce.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of tup in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the section left view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of casting sand mold in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view after casting sand casting in the embodiment of the present invention.
Serial number in figure：1, hammer handle, 2, hammer body, 3, casting sand mold, 4, carbon steel casting mold cavity, 5, rich chromium cast iron casting mold cavity,
6, riser, the 7, first cast gate, the 8, second cast gate, 9, positioning pin, 10, bottom slot, 11, location hole.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment one：Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads, including hammer handle 1 and hammer body 2, one end of hammer handle 1
It is provided with bottom slot 10, the other end is provided with location hole 11；The top of hammer body 2 is in globoidal structure；The hammer handle 1 is by forged steel
Processing is formed, and material is low-alloy steel, the ingredient and mass percent of low-alloy steel（%）：C：0. 3-0. 9, Mn：0.4-
1.2, Si：0.3-1.0, Cr：0.2-1.2, Mo：0.1-0.8, Ni：0.5-6.0, P≤0.05, S≤0.05, remaining is Fe；It is described
Hammer body 2 sequentially injected tup casting sand mold 3 by two kinds of metal liquids of high-chromium white cast iron and carbon steel and be enclosed in solid
1 bottom slot of body hammer handle, 10 end surrounding composite casting is formed by connecting tup, and hammer body 2 forms metallurgical binding, rich chromium cast iron with hammer handle 1
Ingredient and mass percent（%）：C：1.8-3.2, Mn：0.4-1.2, Si：0.3-1.0, Cr：10.0-30.0 Mo：0.1-
3.0, Cu：0.5-1.0, Ni：0.5-3.0, Ti：0.0-0.4, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, remaining is Fe；The ingredient and matter of carbon steel
Measure percentage（%）：C：0.2-0.5, Mn：0.3-0.8, Si：0.3-0.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, remaining is Fe.
Embodiment two：Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads, including hammer handle 1 and hammer body 2, hammer
One end of handle 1 is provided with bottom slot 10, and the other end is provided with location hole 11；The top of hammer body 2 is in globoidal structure；The hammer
Handle 1 is processed by forged steel to be formed, and material is low-alloy steel, and the hammer body 2 is by two kinds of molten metals of high-chromium white cast iron and carbon steel
Body sequentially inject tup casting sand mold 3 and be enclosed in 1 bottom slot of solid hammer handle, 10 end surrounding composite casting connection and
At tup, hammer body 2 forms metallurgical binding with hammer handle 1.
The manufacturing method of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads includes the following steps：
Step 1：According to the structure fabrication of tup casting sand mold 3, water-glass sand is selected to make casting sand mold 3, sand mold 3 of casting
Use CO2Hardening, then 200 DEG C of drying；
Step 2：Select low-alloy steel, the mass percent of ingredient：C：1.5%, Mn：0.6%, Si：0.3%, Cr：0.6%,
Mo：0.6%, Ni：5.5%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.05%, remaining is Fe, forges into hammer handle blank, is machined into needs
Size, 1 removing surface of hammer handle is clean, and is preheating to 400 DEG C；And pour casting sand by what the bottom groove hole end of hammer handle 1 was embedded into tup
In type 3, the other end is fixed on by location hole 11 outside casting sand mold 3 using positioning pin 9；
Step 3：Select rich chromium cast iron and carbon steel quantitative pouring in order, the mass percent of rich chromium cast iron ingredient：C：
2.8%, Mn：0.5%, Si：0.5%, Cr：16.0%, Mo：1.0%, Cu：0.5%, Ni：1.0%, Ti：0. 4%, P≤0.05%, S≤
0.05%, remaining is Fe；The mass percent of carbon steel composition：C：0.25%, Mn：0.4%, Si：0.5%, P≤0.05%, S≤
0.05%, remaining is Fe；Respectively in two medium-frequency induction furnaces melting to temperature：1430 DEG C of rich chromium cast iron, 1630 DEG C of carbon steel；
First quantitative rich chromium cast iron iron liquid is poured into from the first cast gate 7 in casting sand mold 3, pouring temperature is controlled at 1350 DEG C or so；
Pouring temperature is suitably reduced in pouring temperature range, cooling velocity is fast, dense structure, crystal grain refinement, and surface quality is good；Quantitatively pour
Fill rich chromium cast iron casting mold cavity 5 so that height of the rich chromium cast iron in sand mold 3 of casting is slightly above the ingate of the first cast gate 7
Upper edge, in this way can by the first cast gate 7 observe rich chromium cast iron solidification situation control cooling time, when the first cast gate 7
After the solidification completely of the rich chromium cast iron observed, the first cast gate 7 is sealed with refractory material and by carbon steel molten steel from the second cast gate at once
Injection casting sand mold 3, until being full of carbon steel casting mold cavity 4；The pouring temperature of carbon steel is controlled at 1580 DEG C, in pouring temperature range
The pouring temperature for inside properly increasing carbon steel is to form metallurgical binding with carbon steel to promote the surface of hammer handle 1 melting layer occur；Carbon
Molten steel body fills up the shrinkage cavity at hammer body center by hammer handle bottom slot 10, while infiltrating through rich chromium cast iron hammer body center, makes two kinds
Combination more closely；Carbon steel liquid flows through riser 6 and enters casting sand mold 3, and the carbon steel molten steel temperature of riser 6 is made to remain high
Temperature forms top-down temperature gradient, is conducive to the feeding of riser 6；The phosphorus content of carbon steel is relatively low, and plasticity is excellent, in cooling
It is hindered in the process by the contraction of hammer handle 1, is also unlikely to crack；Dead head 6 is removed after cooling, clears up tup casting；
Step 4：Heat treatment：Heat treatment is divided into two stages, normalized treatment and temper, normalized treatment：It will cast
Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads be put into heating in resistance furnace, come out of the stove after keeping the temperature 4 hours at 980 DEG C, air blast rapid cooling is air-cooled after ten minutes
To room temperature；Temper technique：Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads after normalized treatment are put into resistance furnace and are heated, 4 are kept the temperature at 250 DEG C
It comes out of the stove after hour, it is air-cooled to arrive room temperature.
The inspection of tup：Tup is without appearance casting flaw；Tup dissection is internal not to find shrinkage cavity and porosity and crackle；Double gold
Belonging to engaging portion has apparent transition zone；The impact flexibility of 1 position of hammer handle sampling is 43J/cm2, microstructure be tempered martensite+
A small amount of bainite；The impact flexibility of 2 position of hammer body sampling is 14J/cm2, hardness HRC62.
Embodiment does not constitute the limit to the scope of the present invention only to facilitate understand technical scheme of the present invention
System, it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention perhaps according to the technical essence of the invention to any letter made by above scheme
Single modification, equivalent variations and modification, still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. pair composite wear-resistant hammerhead, including hammer handle (1) and hammer body (2), the hammer handle (1) and hammer body (2) casting are formed by connecting,
It is characterized in that：The hammer body (2) is that two kinds of metal liquid composite castings form, the hammer body (2) and solid hammer handle (1)
Casting is formed by connecting tup;
The hammer handle (1) is processed by forged steel or shaped steel to be formed, and material is low-alloy steel, and the hammer body (2) is cast by high chromium white
Two kinds of metal liquids of iron and carbon steel sequentially inject tup casting sand mold (3) and are enclosed in solid hammer handle (1) one end surrounding
Composite casting forms, and metallurgical binding is formed with hammer handle (1)；
The preparation method of double composite wear-resistant hammerheads specifically comprises the following steps：
Step 1：According to the structure fabrication of tup casting sand mold (3), dried after hardening；
Step 2：The size requirement that low-alloy steel blank is reached to hammer handle by die forging or mechanical processing, after clearing up hammer handle surface
Preheating, and one end of hammer handle after preheating is embedded into the casting sand mold (3) of tup；
Step 3：High-chromium white cast iron and carbon steel quantitative pouring in order are selected, melting rich chromium cast iron and carbon steel, will first determine respectively
The rich chromium cast iron iron liquid of amount pours into casting sand mold (3), and 1350-1450 DEG C of pouring temperature pours into immediately after rich chromium cast iron solidification
Carbon steel liquid, 1500-1600 DEG C of pouring temperature, until full of casting cavity；Dead head (6) is removed after cooling, clears up tup casting；
Step 4：Heat treatment：Temper after normalizing, normalizing：Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads are heated to 880-1080 DEG C, keep the temperature 2-5
After hour, air blast of coming out of the stove is air-cooled to room temperature；Tempering：Double composite wear-resistant hammerheads are heated to 200-300 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 2-5 hours,
It comes out of the stove cooling.
2. double composite wear-resistant hammerheads according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ingredient and mass percent of low-alloy steel
（%）：C：0.3-0.9, Mn：0.4-1.2, Si：0.3-1.0, Cr：0.2-1.2, Mo：0.1-0.8, Ni：0.5-6.0, P≤0.05,
S≤0.05, remaining is Fe.
3. double composite wear-resistant hammerheads according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ingredient and quality hundred of high-chromium white cast iron
Divide ratio（%）：C：1.8-3.2, Mn：0.4-1.2, Si：0.3-1.0, Cr：10.0-30.0 Mo：0.1-3.0, Cu：0.5-1.0,
Ni：0.5-3.0, Ti：0.0-0.4, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, remaining is Fe.
4. double composite wear-resistant hammerheads according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ingredient and mass percent of carbon steel（%）：
C：0.2-0.5, Mn：0.3-0.8, Si：0.3-0.6, P≤0.04, S≤0.04, remaining is Fe.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105642868A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 洛阳市致力新材料有限公司 | Method for producing ceramic particle reinforced duplex metal base hammer through sand mold |
| CN105879971B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2021-01-26 | 佳木斯大学 | Throwing head based on double-liquid metal fusion welding technology |
| CN105772687A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-20 | 湖南湖大三佳车辆技术装备有限公司 | Automobile mold casting compositely casted through cold work die steel and gray iron, pouring system and casting method |
| CN107345287A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-11-14 | 黄毅 | A kind of base steel ceramic-metal composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN107675079A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-09 | 邓宏运 | Colliery disintegrating machine hammer body multicomponent microalloying high toughness wear resistant steel formula and technique |
| CN109732062A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | Metal mold castingin coal winning machine cutting bit |
| CN111468702B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-07-20 | 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 | Casting method of double-liquid composite hammer head by adopting protective agent |
| CN111468703B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-05-14 | 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 | Casting method of double-liquid composite hammer head |
| CN112604775A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-06 | 衡阳鸿宇机械制造有限公司 | Hammer head for cement pulverizer and preparation process thereof |
| CN112475241A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-12 | 衡阳鸿宇机械制造有限公司 | Composite hammer head ingate process |
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| DE29521489U1 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-07-03 | Swb Stahlformgusgesellschaft M | Wear parts |
| CN101406930A (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2009-04-15 | 金培良 | Device and method for casting composite hammer head |
| CN103056343B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-11-26 | 佳木斯大学 | Trimetal composite cast crusher hammer production process method |
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Effective date of registration: 20230705 Address after: 225700 Xishi Park, Xinghua Economic Development Zone, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: JIANGSU CHANGYOU STEEL MACHINERY CO.,LTD. Address before: 225721 science and Technology Park, Dainan Town, Xinghua City, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: XINGHUA SPECIAL STAINLESS STEEL INSTITUTE OF SHANGHAI University |
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