CN112145821A - 一种用于食品输送的软管总成 - Google Patents

一种用于食品输送的软管总成 Download PDF

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CN112145821A
CN112145821A CN202011036798.7A CN202011036798A CN112145821A CN 112145821 A CN112145821 A CN 112145821A CN 202011036798 A CN202011036798 A CN 202011036798A CN 112145821 A CN112145821 A CN 112145821A
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徐锦诚
杨鹏
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Yantai Taiyue Fluid Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于食品输送的软管总成。包括接头内管(1)和套设在接头内管(1)外的外扣压管(2)，接头内管(1)与外扣压管(2)配合扣压软管的一端，关键是软管由内向外顺次由食品级橡胶构成的内密封层(3)、内承压骨架层(4)、中胶粘合层(5)、外承压骨架层(6)和外胶防护层(7)构成，内承压骨架层(4)由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。本发明提高了软管的卫生安全性能，减少了液态食品残留的可能和减少了有害物的滋生。

Description

一种用于食品输送的软管总成
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种用于食品输送用的软管总成，特别是指一种高性能的输送液体食品的软管总成。
背景技术：
液态食品的输送是现代生活中常见的现象，特别是液态食品的生产企业的生产过程中，常需要使用软管压力泵加压进行输送，而且会涉及到不同规格、长度的各类软管，运输液态食品的多个中间转移环节也要用到软管。利用软管进行液态食品的输送是一种高效率的作业，并且是在封闭条件下进行输送，更便于食品安全的管理，减小食品被污染的环节。现有的输送软管一般从内至外包括内胶层、具有螺旋状钢丝的承压层和外保护层，内胶层直接面对液态食品，承压层支撑软管以尽量保证软管不会有过大的变形或变扁，外保护层起到保护作用。上述的软管长期在潮湿、变形等环境中使用，存在诸多缺点，一是软管的径向支撑不够，易出现扁平化，影响运输效率；二是内胶层易出现大量的微小裂纹降低强度，使软管内部滋生有害物质或软管内部的有害化学物质泄露，甚至出现内部的钢丝的锈蚀物泄露到内胶层。而对软管总成，除去上述的软管存在的缺陷，软管与接头之间的密封性也是一个问题，现有技术中接头的内表面与软管的外表面存在咬合力不均匀的问题，易造成液态食品的渗透，也是需要解决的问题。
发明内容：
本发明的发明目的是公开一种具有高强度、密封性佳及卫生安全性好的食品输送用的软管总成。
实现本发明的技术解决方案是：包括接头内管和套设在接头内管外的外扣压管，接头内管与外扣压管配合扣压软管的一端，关键是软管由内向外顺次由食品级橡胶构成的内密封层、内承压骨架层、中胶粘合层、外承压骨架层和外胶防护层构成，内承压骨架层由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。
所述的接头内管有外凸齿和外扣压管有内凸齿，外扣压管的内凸齿的高度由内向开口方向为递减。
所述的内密封层的食品级橡胶中均匀混合有8～10nm的按重量百分比计算的0.2～0.6％的膨润土颗粒。
所述的中胶粘合层均匀混合有100～300nm的按重量百分比计算的膨润土颗粒。
所述的外承压骨架层由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。
所述的内承压骨架层的缠绕的聚酯帘布条之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝；或/和外承压骨架层的缠绕的聚酯帘布条之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝。
所述的外胶防护层的外表面设有尼龙水布缠绕的水布层，缠绕三层，水布接头间距不小于1米。
所述的内密封层中混入有按重量百分比计算的1～2％的散乱分布的短炭纤维丝，短炭纤维丝的长度为3～8mm。
本发明的上述技术方案中的软管的结构强度、抗拉伸性能和抗径向变形能力均得到大幅提高，同时软管的密封性和软管与接头之间的密封性能得到了提高，软管的内密封层具有在出现微小裂缝时可自行膨胀而消除上述裂缝，这进一步提高了软管的卫生安全性能，减少了液态食品残留的可能和减少了有害物的滋生。
附图说明：
图1为本发明的实施例的软管总成的断面结构示意图。
图2为本发明的实施例的软管管壁的断面结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
结合附图详细给出本发明的具体的实施方式，需要说明的是本发明的实施方式是为便于对本发明的技术方案的理解，不应视为是对本发明的权利要求保护范围的限制。
请参见图1～图2，本发明的具体实施例的技术解决方案是：包括接头内管1和套设在接头内管1外的外扣压管2，接头内管1与外扣压管2配合扣压软管的一端，关键是软管由内向外顺次由食品级橡胶构成的内密封层3、内承压骨架层4、中胶粘合层5、外承压骨架层6和外胶防护层7构成，内承压骨架层4由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。上述的软管的结构增加了软管总成的抗拉伸和径向支撑性能，特定的缠绕角度使内承压骨架层4的抗拉伸性能得到大幅的提高，中胶粘合层5不仅是起到层间的粘合作用，同时也使软管的各向受力得到过渡传递与分散，使软管的各层的受力不会过于集中于某一层。
为提高接头与软管的结合强度与密封性，所述的接头内管1有外凸齿8和外扣压管2有内凸齿9，外扣压管2的内凸齿9的高度由内向外开口方向为递减。外扣压管2在扣压变形过程中，由于外扣压管2的一端有卡扣端的存在，使外扣压管2从卡扣端至开口端的变形不是完全均匀的，卡扣端至开口端的变形量是递增加，如外扣压管2的内凸齿9的齿高相同，则各齿与软管的咬合度不相同，越接近卡扣端，内凸齿9与软管的咬合力越弱，使用过程中甚至出现小的间隙，使液态食品能够逐渐渗入而滋生有害物；而上述的外扣压管2的内凸齿9的高度由内向开口方向为递减，则在外扣压管2被外力扣压后，各内凸齿9与软管的咬合度基本相同，一方面提高了接头与软管的结合，另一方面避免了上述的小的间隙，减小了外扣压管2与软管之间滋生有害物的可能。
软管在长期使用过程中因各种原因内密封层3会出现微小裂纹，上述的裂纹中很容易残留液态食品，且不易被清洗。因此，所述的内密封层3的食品级橡胶中均匀混合有8～10nm的按重量百分比计算的0.5～1％的膨润土颗粒。当软管使用中出现微小的裂纹时，液态食品的液体如水份会渗入裂纹进入内密封层3的内部，上述的液体如水份则被膨润土颗粒的层间结构吸收或吸附，层间结构的膨胀使膨润土的体积随之大幅膨胀，进而使橡胶膨胀而消除上述的内密封层3的微小裂纹，也就是说加入了纳米级的膨润土颗粒的内密封层3的橡胶在液体进入后具有自身的膨胀性，消除上述的微小裂纹的同时也就避免了液体食品的残留。由于纳米级膨润土具有的物理化学性能，膨润土颗粒的层间结构与橡胶分子或橡胶分子中的某些结构或基团结合，进一步增加了橡胶的强度或弹性。
为进一步提高软管的性能，在中胶粘合层5均匀混合有100～300nm的按重量百分比计算的膨润土颗粒，上述的膨润土颗粒以点状分布在中胶粘合层5中，由于上述的膨润土颗粒较大，每一颗粒均会与多个中胶粘合层5的构成组分的分子结合，实质上在中胶粘合层5中形成一个三维的网络状的结合点，这使中胶粘合层5的强度提高，上述的位于中胶粘合层5的边界的膨润土颗粒甚至与内、外承压骨架层(4、6)的边界的高强力胶的分子结合，这导致中胶粘合层5的强度和中胶粘合层5与内、外承压骨架层(4、6)的结合力的提高，这也进一步提高了前述的中胶粘合层5的作用。
为进一步提高软管的性能，外承压骨架层6由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。缠绕布层为偶数层是为避免软管或外承压骨架层6内出现内应力，提高了软管的可弯曲性能和增加了整体的强度，上述的内承压骨架层4的聚酯帘布条与外承压骨架层6的聚酯帘布条在软管的轴向方向上错位3～5mm进行缠绕，这可进一步的提高软管的轴向和径向的受力的均匀性，进一步提高软管的强度和使用寿命。
为进一步提高软管的性能，在内承压骨架层4的缠绕的聚酯帘布层之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝10，塑料丝10具有较高的弹性，增强了内承压骨架层4的轴向抗拉伸性能和抗径向变形的性能，并且当软管使用时间较长时，内密封层3出现的裂纹导致液体渗透入内承压骨架层4时，塑料丝10不会产生任何的锈蚀，提高了软管的卫生安全性；或/和外承压骨架层6的缠绕的聚酯帘布条之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝10。
所述的内密封层3的食品级橡胶为天然胶(NR)、或丁睛橡胶(NBR)、或三元乙丙(EPDM)、或聚乙烯塑胶、或尼龙塑料，上述材料可视软管的规格或技术要求或使用环境进行适当选用。
为进一步提高软管总成的性能，在所述的外胶防护层7的外表面设有尼龙水布缠绕的水布层，缠绕三层(图中未示出)，水布接头间距不小于1米，增加水布层后可进一步提高软管的性能和提高软管的使用范围。
为进一步提高软管的性能，内密封层3中混入有按重量百分比计算的1～2％的散乱分布的短炭纤维丝，短炭纤维丝的长度为3～8mm，增加了短炭纤维丝的内密封层3的强度增加，可大幅减少前述的微小裂纹的产生，可进一步提高卫生安全性能。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于食品输送的软管总成，包括接头内管(1)和套设在接头内管(1)外的外扣压管(2)，接头内管(1)与外扣压管(2)配合扣压软管的一端，其特征在于软管由内向外顺次由食品级橡胶构成的内密封层(3)、内承压骨架层(4)、中胶粘合层(5)、外承压骨架层(6)和外胶防护层(7)构成，内承压骨架层(4)由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。
2.按权利要求1所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的接头内管(1)有外凸齿(8)和外扣压管(2)有内凸齿(9)，外扣压管(2)的内凸齿(9)的高度由内向开口方向为递减。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的内密封层(3)的食品级橡胶中均匀混合有8～10nm的按重量百分比计算的0.2～0.6％的膨润土颗粒。
4.按权利要求3所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的中胶粘合层(5)均匀混合有100～300nm的按重量百分比计算的膨润土颗粒。
5.按权利要求4所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的外承压骨架层(6)由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反而使相邻层的聚酯帘布条为交叉构形。
6.按权利要求5所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的内承压骨架层(4)的缠绕的聚酯帘布条之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝(10)；或/和外承压骨架层(6)的缠绕的聚酯帘布条之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝(10)。
7.按权利要求6所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的外胶防护层(7)的外表面设有尼龙水布缠绕的水布层，缠绕三层，水布接头间距不小于1米。
8.按权利要求7所述的用于食品输送的软管总成，其特征在于所述的内密封层(3)中混入有按重量百分比计算的1～2％的散乱分布的短炭纤维丝，短炭纤维丝的长度为3～8mm。
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