CN112138638B - 一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,属于气相色谱技术领域。将其作为气相色谱固定相;其中,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的平均分子量大于等于1000。所述固定相不仅能与极性分子物发生氢键、偶极和范德华力作用,还能与非极性或弱极性物质发生CH‑π作用和色散作用,上述各种分子作用有益于提高所述固定相对不同极性分析物及其异构体的综合分离性能。同时,所述固定相在常温下为粘稠液体并且具有良好的热稳定性,其在较低及较高操作温度下均具有良好的分离性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,属于气相色谱技术领域。
背景技术
气相色谱分析(GC)常用于各领域样品组分的分离检测,其固定相的选择性是影响样品中各组分色谱峰间分离程度的关键。常用的聚乙二醇固定相为聚醚类化合物(平均分子量约为20000),适用于极性物质的分离;其熔融温度较高(约60℃),低于该温度时其分离性能明显下降,不适用于低沸点组分的分离测定。上述影响因素限制了其应用范围。因此,发展新型高选择性气相色谱固定相对于满足实际分析测定的需求具有重要应用价值。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,将所述APC作为色谱固定相用于气相色谱分析,能够高选择性分离不同极性的各类分析物及其异构体。此外本发明所述APC固定相在常温下为粘性液体,有利于提高其在较低操作温度下的色谱选择性。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,将其作为气相色谱固定相;其中,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的平均分子量大于等于1000,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯包含式Ⅰ的重复单元和式Ⅱ的重复单元:
R1、R2分别为碳原子数为4~10的亚烷基中的一种,且R1与R2不同。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的平均分子量为1000~5000。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的两端为羟基、醚基或酯基。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的两端为羟基。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯中R1和R2分别表示碳原子数为5的亚烷基和碳原子数为6的亚烷基。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的重复单元中R1和R2分别表示碳原子数为5的亚烷基和碳原子数为6的亚烷基,且所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯两端为羟基。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为气相色谱固定相,用于分离低沸点溶剂、极性物质的同分异构体或非极性物质的同分异构体。
优选的,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为气相色谱固定相,用于分离沸点小于等于105℃的溶剂、烷烃异构体、二乙苯异构体、苯胺类异构体、酚类异构体或二溴苯异构体。
有益效果
本发明采用脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为气相色谱固定相,所述固定相不仅能与极性分析物发生氢键、偶极和范德华力作用,还能与非极性或弱极性物质发生CH-π作用和色散作用,上述各种分子作用有益于提高所述固定相对不同极性分析物及其异构体的综合分离性能,包括不同极性的低沸点溶剂、非极性烷烃异构体、弱极性二乙苯异构体、极性苯胺类异构体、酚类异构体和二溴苯异构体等。同时,所述固定相在常温下为粘稠液体并且具有良好的热稳定性,其在较低及较高操作温度下均具有良好的分离性能。因此,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为固定相用于气相色谱分析测定具有重要的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定低沸点溶剂的色谱图。
图2为APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定庚烷异构体的色谱图。
图3为APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定二乙苯异构体的色谱图。
图4为APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定苯胺类异构体的色谱图。
图5为APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定甲酚异构体的色谱图。
图6为APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定二溴苯异构体的色谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
以下实施例中:所用的脂肪族聚碳酸酯(APC)为从旭化成公司购买的T5652型号的产品(所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的重复单元中R1和R2分别表示碳原子数为5的亚烷基和碳原子数为6的亚烷基,且所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯两端为羟基),平均分子量为2000,所述产品是将戊二醇和己二醇以1:1的摩尔比与碳酸二甲酯通过共聚方式得到的。
采用静态法制备毛细管色谱柱的方法如下:
将APC固定相溶于二氯甲烷中,配制成固定相溶液(0.25%,w/v),并将该溶液通入熔融石英毛细管柱内,将毛细管柱一端密封并将另一端连接真空系统,溶剂挥散完全后取下毛细管柱置于柱箱内,在氮气保护下进行老化,然后用于气相色谱分析测定。
实施例1
采用APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定由乙醚、异丙醚、环己烷、乙醇、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯、苯和硝基甲烷组成的低沸点溶剂:
色谱参数如下:高纯氮气为载气,流速为0.4mL/min,柱温35℃,进样口温度250℃,检测器温度300℃。
分离结果如图1所示,图中色谱峰峰号1-8分别代表乙醚、异丙醚、环己烷、乙醇、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯、苯和硝基甲烷。由图可见,采用APC色谱柱能在低温下高效分离低沸点溶剂并且色谱峰对称性良好,表明APC色谱柱对低沸点组分的高选择性分离能力和良好惰性,满足样品组分色谱分析测定的要求。
实施例2
采用APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定由2,2,3-三甲基丁烷、2,3-二甲基戊烷和正庚烷组成的庚烷异构体:
色谱参数如下:高纯氮气为载气,流速为0.2mL/min,柱温40℃,进样口温度250℃,检测器温度300℃。
分离结果如图2所示,图中色谱峰峰号1-3分别代表2,2,3-三甲基丁烷、2,3-二甲基戊烷和正庚烷。由图可见,采用APC色谱柱能高效分离庚烷异构体并且色谱峰对称性良好,表明APC色谱柱对非极性低沸点庚烷异构体的高选择性分离能力和良好惰性,满足样品组分色谱分析测定的要求。
实施例3
采用APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定由间二乙苯、对二乙苯和邻二乙苯组成的二乙苯异构体:
色谱参数如下:高纯氮气为载气,流速为1mL/min,柱温90℃,进样口温度250℃,检测器温度300℃。
分离结果如图3所示,图中色谱峰峰号1-3分别代表间二乙苯、对二乙苯和邻二乙苯。由图可见,采用APC色谱柱能高效分离二乙苯异构体并且色谱峰对称性良好,表明APC色谱柱对弱极性二乙苯异构体的高选择性分离能力和良好惰性,满足样品组分色谱分析测定的要求。
实施例4
采用APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定由苯胺、邻甲苯胺、对甲苯胺、间甲苯胺、2,6-二甲苯胺、2,4-二甲苯胺、2,5-二甲苯胺、3,5-二甲苯胺、2,3-二甲苯胺和3,4-二甲苯胺组成的苯胺类异构体:
色谱参数如下:高纯氮气为载气,流速0.7mL/min,程序升温:60℃(1min)至160℃(升温速率5℃/min),进样口温度250℃,检测器温度300℃。
分离结果如图4所示,图中色谱峰峰号1-10依次代表苯胺、邻甲苯胺、对甲苯胺、间甲苯胺、2,6-二甲苯胺、2,4-二甲苯胺、2,5-二甲苯胺、3,5-二甲苯胺、2,3-二甲苯胺和3,4-二甲苯胺。由图可见,APC色谱柱能基线分离十种苯胺类异构体并且色谱峰的对称性良好,表明APC色谱柱对极性苯胺类分析物的高选择性分离能力和良好惰性,满足样品组分色谱分析测定的要求。
实施例5
采用APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定由邻甲酚、对甲酚和间甲酚组成的甲酚异构体:
色谱参数如下:高纯氮气为载气,流速0.6mL/min,柱温120℃,进样口温度250℃,检测器温度300℃。
分离结果如图5所示,图中色谱峰峰号1-3依次代表邻甲酚、对甲酚和间甲酚。由图可见,采用APC色谱柱能基线分离甲酚异构体并且色谱峰对称性良好,表明APC色谱柱对极性甲酚异构体的高选择性分离能力和良好惰性,满足样品组分色谱分析测定的要求。
实施例6
采用APC色谱柱气相色谱分析测定由间二溴苯、对二溴苯和邻二溴苯组成的二溴苯异构体:
色谱参数如下:高纯氮气为载气,流速为1mL/min,柱温110℃,进样口温度250℃,检测器温度300℃。
分离结果如图6所示,图中色谱峰峰号1-3依次代表间二溴苯、对二溴苯和邻二溴苯。由图可见,采用APC色谱柱能完全分离二溴苯异构体并且色谱峰对称性良好,表明APC色谱柱对极性二溴苯异构体的高选择性分离能力和良好惰性,满足样品组分色谱分析测定的要求。
以上实施例表明,所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为气相色谱固定相能够用于分离不同性质的分析物,且表现出高选择性分离性能和良好惰性。
本发明并不限于静态法制备得到的脂肪族聚碳酸酯色谱柱的分离应用,采用所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯经其他色谱柱制备方法得到的色谱柱用于气相色谱分离均在本发明的保护范围内。
综上所述,本发明包括但不限于以上实施例。凡是在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
2.如权利要求1所述的一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的平均分子量为1000~5000。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的两端为羟基。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯中R1和R2分别表示碳原子数为5的亚烷基和碳原子数为6的亚烷基。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯的重复单元中R1和R2分别表示碳原子数为5的亚烷基和碳原子数为6的亚烷基,且所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯两端为羟基。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为气相色谱固定相,用于分离低沸点溶剂、极性物质的同分异构体或非极性物质的同分异构体。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种脂肪族聚碳酸酯的应用,其特征在于:所述脂肪族聚碳酸酯作为气相色谱固定相,用于分离沸点小于等于105℃的溶剂、烷烃异构体、二乙苯异构体、苯胺类异构体、酚类异构体或二溴苯异构体。
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