CN112136531B

CN112136531B - Tree grafting device and grafting method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112136531B
Application number: CN202011056123.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于鹏飞; 于发科; 蔡庆霞
Original assignee: Yanling Fake Meiyuan Eco Tourism Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuchang Meirenyu Ecotourism Development Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-09-29
Filing date: 2020-09-29
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-29
Also published as: CN112136531A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tree grafting variety optimization, in particular to a tree grafting device and a grafting method thereof. The tree grafting device comprises a hole digging mechanism, a position avoiding inserted bar and a mounting plate, wherein the right end of the mounting plate is provided with a rotating arm, the rotating arm is rotatably connected with the mounting plate, the upper left end of the rotating arm is provided with a digging head, the rotating arm rotates to drive the digging head to dig a pit on the peripheral wall of a stock, the hole digging mechanism is slidably mounted on the mounting plate after the pit is formed, the rotating arm rotates to drive the digging head to hammer the hole digging mechanism, a scion hole for placing a scion is dug downwards on the lower limiting surface of the pit, and the position avoiding inserted bar assists the scion to be placed in the scion hole; according to the tree grafting device, in the process of nailing the mounting plate into the stock for grafting, the mounting plate does not need to be pulled out, so that the operations of digging a pit, digging a hole and cutting the scion are completed at one time, the working efficiency is high, the damage to the stock and the scion can be reduced, and the scion survival rate is high.

Description

Tree grafting device and grafting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tree grafting variety optimization, in particular to a tree grafting device and a grafting method thereof.

Background

Grafting is one of the artificial propagation methods of plants, that is, grafting the branch or bud of one plant to the stem or root of another plant, so that the two parts which are connected together can grow into a complete plant. Grafting is commonly used for propagation of fruit trees, forest trees and flowers, and is also used for seedling culture of melon vegetables. In the production practice process, the grafting has very important significance for improving varieties and improving economic value, and the application range of the grafting technology is in a continuously expanding trend at present.

At present, grafting operation is mostly carried out manually, the manual grafting operation needs a large amount of labor, the labor intensity is high, the working efficiency is low, the grafting time is easily delayed, the damage to the stocks and the scions in the grafting process is large, and the scion survival rate is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

According to at least one defect of the prior art, the invention provides a tree grafting device, which aims to solve the problems of low grafting efficiency and low grafting survival rate caused by damage in the grafting process in the prior art.

The tree grafting device adopts the following technical scheme: the hole digging device comprises a hole digging mechanism, a position avoiding inserting rod and a horizontally arranged mounting plate, wherein a top and a through avoiding cavity are arranged at the left end of the mounting plate, the top is nailed into the peripheral wall of a vertically arranged stock to support the mounting plate, a rotating arm is arranged at the right end of the mounting plate, a connecting rod extending downwards is fixedly arranged at the right lower end of the rotating arm, the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the mounting plate, a digging head is arranged at the upper left end of the rotating arm, the rotating arm rotates to drive the digging head to dig a pit with a left limiting surface and a lower limiting surface on the peripheral wall of the stock, and the left limiting surface of the pit is arc-shaped;

the avoidance cavity is connected with an installation block in a sliding mode along the left and right direction, the installation block is provided with an arched notch with an opening at the left end, the arched notch enables the installation block to be provided with an arc-shaped inner surface and two vertical inner surfaces, the inner surface of the installation block is provided with a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove which extend along the vertical direction, the number of the first limiting groove and the number of the second limiting groove are two, and the two first limiting grooves and the two second limiting grooves are symmetrically arranged relative to the front center plane and the rear center plane of the installation block;

the hole digging mechanism is arranged in a first limiting groove in a sliding mode after the concave pits are formed, the rotating arm rotates to drive the digging head to hammer the hole digging mechanism, and a scion hole for placing scions is dug downwards on the lower limiting surface of each concave pit;

the position-avoiding inserted bar is arranged in the second limiting groove after the scion is positioned on the position-avoiding inserted bar, the position-avoiding inserted bar is placed between the stock cambium and the scion, the position-avoiding inserted bar is pressed, the position-avoiding inserted bar and the scion slide downwards under the guidance of the second limiting groove, and the scion is assisted to be placed in the scion hole.

Optionally, the hole digging mechanism comprises a pressure bearing handle, two elastic ejector rods and a hole digging pipe, wherein the axes of the elastic ejector rods and the hole digging pipe extend in the vertical direction, and the two elastic ejector rods are slidably connected with the first limiting groove; the two elastic push rods are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing handle, and the hole digging pipe is positioned between the two elastic push rods and is fixedly connected with the lower ends of the two elastic push rods; the right side surface of the hole digging pipe is a vertical plane, the bottom surface of the hole digging pipe is an inclined plane with a high left and a low right, and the lower end of the right end surface of the hole digging pipe is a cutting edge;

the lower end part of the hole digging pipe is provided with a bevel plane parallel to the bottom surface of the hole digging pipe, the bevel plane divides the hole digging pipe into a fixed female ring and a cutting sub-ring, the cutting sub-ring is positioned below the fixed female ring, and the fixed female ring is fixedly connected with the elastic push rod; the upper end of the left side of the cutting sub-ring is rotatably connected with the lower end of the left side of the fixed female ring through a connecting device, and the connecting device enables the cutting sub-ring to rotate downwards.

Optionally, the lower end of the left side of the fixed female ring is provided with a first groove with a downward opening, the upper end of the left side of the cutting male ring is provided with a second groove with an upward opening, and the first groove and the second groove are correspondingly arranged; connecting device includes connecting block, pivot and torsional spring, connecting block fixed connection be in just extend to on the bottom surface of second recess inside the first recess, pivot fixed connection be in between the face of both ends around the first recess, the connecting block passes through the pivot with fixed female ring rotates to be connected, the torsional spring cover is established in the pivot, the torsional spring makes cutting child ring and fixed female ring open.

Optionally, a vertically arranged push plate is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a third connecting plate are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate from left to right in sequence, the first connecting plate is located on the left side of the push plate, the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are both located on the right side of the push plate, and the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are arranged at intervals;

a pushing spring is arranged between the right end face of the first connecting plate and the left end face of the push plate, and is in pushing fit with the right end face of the first connecting plate and the left end face of the push plate;

buffer heads horizontally extending along the axis are inserted into the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate, a limiting plate is fixedly arranged on each buffer head, the limiting plate is positioned between the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate, and an elastic piece positioned between the limiting plate and the third connecting plate is sleeved on each buffer head; the left end of the buffering head extends out of the left end face of the second connecting plate and is in top press fit with the right end face of the push plate, and the right end of the buffering head extends out of the right end face of the third connecting plate.

Optionally, the upper surface of mounting panel is located and dodges the chamber and is equipped with the nut and lay the chamber on the positive right side, it is equipped with the guiding hole to dodge chamber and nut and lay the level between the chamber, guiding hole one end with dodge chamber intercommunication, the other end and nut and lay the chamber intercommunication, the guiding hole internal slip is equipped with the threaded rod, threaded rod one end screw-thread fit be equipped with adjusting nut, the other end with installation piece fixed connection, adjusting nut is located the nut is laid the chamber in order to rotate can drive during adjusting nut the threaded rod drives installation piece horizontal slip is in with the change the installation piece is in dodge the position of intracavity.

Optionally, dig the head and have convex side face of digging, the lower extreme of side face of digging upwards extends to be equipped with oblique face of digging, oblique face of digging is located the right side of side face of digging, the side face of digging with oblique face of digging intersects to form a cutting part, it is equipped with the hammering face to extend to the right side to dig to one side, the hammering face is used for the hammering dig hole mechanism.

Optionally, the distance from the rotation center of the rotating arm to the leftmost end of the top is smaller than the distance from the rotation center of the rotating arm to the leftmost end of the top, so that the top is continuously fixed on the stock after the pits are dug.

Optionally, the top includes first support arm and second support arm, the right-hand member activity of first support arm and second support arm articulates dodge the left end in chamber, first support arm and second support arm rotate the back around the articulated shaft in opposite directions, the left end of first support arm with the left end handing-over of second support arm is touched and is formed an contained angle for the top has a top, so that the top can nail into the stock smoothly, and when the stock was extracted to the top, first support arm and second support arm rotated around the articulated shaft towards opposite direction and opened, conveniently extracted.

Optionally, the avoiding inserted link and the elastic ejector rod are both made of elastic materials.

Optionally, the grafting method of the tree grafting device includes the following steps:

(1) selecting fresh branches which are full in annual development, healthy and strong as scions, comparing the scions with the bottom inclined plane of the hole digging pipe, cutting a bevel cut plane with the same inclination angle as the bottom inclined plane of the hole digging pipe at the lower end of the scions, and slightly cutting off an old bark layer at the middle arched part of the back surface of the bevel cut plane to expose green tender bark; finding a smooth and straight position on the side surface of the stock as a grafting position, and marking the position to be grafted;

(2) aligning the tree grafting device provided with the mounting block to a position to be grafted, knocking the tail of the tree grafting device to enable the top to be nailed into the stock, and then rotating the rotating arm to enable the digging head to dig a pit at the position to be grafted;

(3) shifting the adjusting nut, and adjusting the position of the mounting block in the avoidance cavity to ensure that the arc-shaped inner surface of the mounting block is superposed with the inner arc surface of the forming layer of the stock in the projection direction; putting the hole digging mechanism into the mounting block, pulling the rotating arm rightwards and then loosening the rotating arm to enable the rotating arm to move anticlockwise, further enabling the digging head to hammer a pressure bearing handle of the hole digging mechanism, digging a scion hole downwards, and detaching the hole digging mechanism from the mounting block after the scion hole is dug;

(4) the oblique cutting surface of the scion is opposite to the wood layer of the stock, meanwhile, a position-avoiding inserted rod is placed between the forming layer of the stock and the scion to support the scion, and then the position-avoiding inserted rod and the scion are simultaneously placed into the mounting block; pressing downwards to enable the aversion inserted bar and the scion to simultaneously enter the scion hole to a proper depth, enabling the oblique section of the scion to be fully contacted with the bottom surface of the scion hole, then pulling out the aversion inserted bar, and slightly adjusting the position of the scion to enable the green tender skin of the scion to be tightly attached to the forming layer of the stock; after the scions are placed, pulling the mounting plate out of the stock;

(5) and (5) wrapping the scion part by using a plastic film to finish the scion.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tree grafting device comprises a hole digging mechanism, a position avoiding inserting rod and an installing plate, wherein a rotating arm is arranged on the installing plate, a digging head is arranged at the front end of the rotating arm, the installing plate does not need to be pulled out in the process of nailing the installing plate into a stock for grafting, so that the operations of digging a pit, digging a hole and inserting a scion are completed at one time, and the working efficiency is high.

The hole digging pipe of the hole digging mechanism is divided into a fixed female ring and a cutting female ring, the cutting female ring and the fixed female ring are rotatably connected through a connecting device, a torsion spring is arranged in the connecting device, the torsion spring enables the cutting female ring and the fixed female ring to be opened in a separating trend, after the hole digging mechanism is inserted downwards to a certain depth, the hole digging mechanism is lifted upwards, the cutting female ring and the fixed female ring of the hole digging mechanism are opened, at the moment, the cutting female ring is cut into the sleeved small wood core and is cut off to take out a hole for placing scions, the hole digging and wood taking process is completed at one time, and the working efficiency is further improved.

The rocking arm rotates around the articulated shaft for what dig the head is that a left limiting surface is curved pit, in order to reduce the volume of digging the part, reduced the injury to the stock, guarantee the success rate of scion.

The lower extreme of rocking arm is provided with and pushes away spring and elastic component to make dig the head once after the hammering mechanism of digging a hole promptly with dig the mechanism separation of digging a hole, can not appear digging the head relapse, the hammering of small amplitude mechanism of digging a hole, avoid digging the mechanism of digging a hole and appear and form the layer adhesion, destroy the circumstances of cambium under the hammering of digging the head relapse, small amplitude, further improved scion success rate.

The position-avoiding inserted rod is arranged, the position-avoiding inserted rod and the scion can be placed into the mounting block at the same time, the position-avoiding inserted rod is located between the scion and the cambium, the position-avoiding inserted rod avoids friction between the scion and the cambium, the damage to the contact surface of the scion and the cambium is reduced, and the scion success rate is further improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tree grafting apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hole digging mechanism installed on the tree grafting device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the tree grafting apparatus of the present invention showing the structure of the installation of the avoidance inserting rod;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the tree grafting apparatus of the present invention with the mounting block, threaded rod and adjusting nut removed;

FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the mounting block, the threaded rod and the adjusting nut of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the hole digging mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 7;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the anti-space insertion rod of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, mounting a plate; 2, rotating arm; 3 digging a head; 4, pushing the head; 5 avoiding the cavity; 6, a nut placing cavity; 7 pushing a spring; 8, buffering the head; 9 an elastic member; 10 limiting plates; 11, mounting a block; 12 a first limit groove; 13 a second limiting groove; 14 a threaded rod; 15 adjusting the nut; 16 elastic push rod; 17 fixing the female ring; 18 cutting the sub-ring; 19 a connecting device; 20 a pressure bearing handle; 21, connecting blocks; 22 a rotating shaft; 23 a torsion spring; 24 cutting the flat plate; 100 a hole digging mechanism; 200 avoiding inserting rods; 25 rotating arm mounting cavities; 26, digging a hole pipe; 27 a first groove; 28 a second groove; 29 a push plate; 30 a first connecting plate; 31 a second connecting plate; 32 a third connecting plate; 33 side digging surface; 34, obliquely digging a surface; 35 hammering surface; 36 connecting rods.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the tree grafting device of the present invention comprises a hole digging mechanism 100, a spacing insertion rod 200 and a horizontally arranged mounting plate 1; an avoidance cavity 5, a nut placing cavity 6 and a rotating arm mounting cavity 25 which are communicated up and down are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the mounting plate 1 from left to right, a top head 4 is arranged at the left end head of the mounting plate 1, and the top head 4 blocks the left end of the avoidance cavity 5; the top head 4 comprises a first support arm and a second support arm, the right ends of the first support arm and the second support arm are detachably and movably hinged at the left end of the avoidance cavity 5, after the first support arm and the second support arm rotate around the hinge shaft in opposite directions, the left end of the first support arm and the left end of the second support arm are intersected to form an included angle, so that the top head 4 is provided with a top point, the top head can be smoothly nailed into a stock, and when the stock is pulled out of the top head 4, the first support arm and the second support arm rotate around the hinge shaft in opposite directions to be opened, so that the top head is conveniently pulled out; the rotating arm 2 is arranged in the rotating arm mounting cavity 25, the right end of the rotating arm 2 is fixedly provided with a connecting rod 36 extending downwards, and the lower end of the connecting rod 36 is rotatably connected with the mounting plate 1 through a pin shaft; the left end head part of the rotating arm 2 is provided with an excavating head 3, the excavating head 3 is provided with a circular arc-shaped side excavating surface 33, the lower end of the side excavating surface 33 extends upwards to form an inclined excavating surface 34, the inclined excavating surface 34 is positioned at the right side of the side excavating surface 33, the side excavating surface 33 and the inclined excavating surface 34 are intersected to form a blade part, and the inclined excavating surface 34 extends rightwards to form a hammering surface 35; the distance (L1 in fig. 5) from the rotation center of the rotating arm 2 to the leftmost end of the digging head 3 is less than the distance (L2 in fig. 5) from the rotation center of the rotating arm 2 to the leftmost end of the top 4, L1< L2 and the front-back width of the digging head 3 is less than or equal to the width of the mounting plate 1, so that the top 4 is beaten into the stock supporting mounting plate 1, when the rotating arm 2 rotates, the digging head 3 digs a pit with a left limiting surface and a lower limiting surface, the left limiting surface of the pit is arc-shaped, the volume of the digging part is reduced as much as possible, and further the injury to the stock is reduced. Because L1< L2, guarantee after digging a hole, top 4 still is fixed in the stock, be convenient for subsequent scion work.

Dodge chamber 5 and nut and lay the level and be equipped with the guiding hole (not shown in the figure) between the chamber 6, guiding hole one end with dodge chamber 5 intercommunication, the other end and nut and lay chamber 6 intercommunication, the guiding hole internal slip is equipped with threaded

rod

14, 14 one end screw-thread fit of threaded rod is equipped with adjusting nut 15, the other end is equipped with installation piece 11, installation piece 11 is located dodges chamber 5, adjusting nut 15 is located the nut and lays chamber 6 and can drive threaded rod 14 and drive installation piece 11 horizontal slip when rotating adjusting nut 15 to change the position of installation piece 11 in dodging chamber 5, installation piece 11 thickness equals and surface parallel about the two with mounting panel 1 thickness and avoid installation piece 11 to screw into the stock at mounting panel 1 after dodging 5 internal rotations in chamber. The mounting block 11 has an arch-shaped notch with an open left end, and the arch-shaped notch enables the mounting block 11 to have a circular arc-shaped inner surface and two vertical inner surfaces, and the circular arc-shaped inner surface is tangent to the two vertical inner surfaces. The inner surface of the mounting block 11 is vertically provided with a first limiting groove 12 and a second limiting groove 13, the first limiting groove 12 is located at the intersection of the arc-shaped inner surface and the vertical inner surface, the second limiting groove 13 is located on the arc-shaped inner surface, the first limiting groove 12 and the second limiting groove 13 are both provided with two limiting grooves, the two first limiting grooves 12 are symmetrically arranged along the front center plane and the rear center plane of the mounting block 11, the first limiting groove 12 and the second limiting groove 13 are semicircular, and the two second limiting grooves 13 are symmetrically arranged along the front center plane and the rear center plane of the mounting block 11.

The hole digging mechanism 100 is slidably mounted in the first limiting groove 12, the hole digging mechanism 100 can be detached from the mounting block 11, the outer arc surface of the hole digging mechanism 100 is attached to the arc-shaped inner surface of the mounting block 11, the adjusting nut 15 is shifted to adjust the position of the mounting block 11, the arc-shaped inner surface of the mounting block 11 is enabled to coincide with the inner arc surface of the stock forming layer in the projection direction, the hole digging mechanism 100 is hammered by the hammering surface 35 of the digging head 3, the hole digging mechanism 100 is enabled to vertically move downwards to a certain depth, then the hole digging mechanism 100 is manually lifted, and the hole digging mechanism 100 is enabled to dig a scion hole for placing scion downwards along the stock forming layer on the lower limiting surface of the pit.

The position-avoiding inserted rod 200 is slidably arranged in the second limiting groove 13, the position-avoiding inserted rod 200 can be detached from the mounting block 11, the position-avoiding inserted rod 200 is positioned between the scion and the stock cambium and separates the scion and the stock cambium, the scion and the cambium are prevented from being directly contacted and mutually rubbed, so that the cambium is damaged, and the scion success rate is improved.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the excavating mechanism 100 comprises an elastic ejector rod 16 in sliding fit with the first limiting groove 12, a pressure-bearing handle 20 and an excavating pipe 26, wherein the axes of the elastic ejector rod 16 and the excavating pipe 26 extend in the vertical direction, and two ejector rods 16 are provided; the two elastic push rods 16 are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing handle 20, and the hole digging pipe 26 is positioned between the two elastic push rods 16 and is fixedly connected with the lower ends of the two elastic push rods; the right side surface of the hole digging pipe 26 is a vertical plane, the vertical plane is the cutting flat plate 24, the bottom surface of the hole digging pipe 26 is an inclined surface with a higher left side and a lower right side, and the bottom inclined surface enables the bottom of the cutting flat plate 24 to form a cutting edge; the lower end part of the hole digging pipe 26 is provided with a bevel plane parallel to the bottom surface, the bevel plane divides the hole digging pipe 26 into a fixed female ring 17 and a cutting male ring 18, the cutting male ring 18 is positioned below the fixed female ring 17, and the fixed female ring 17 is fixedly connected with the elastic push rod 16; the left lower end of the fixed female ring 17 is provided with a first groove 27 with a downward opening, the left upper end of the cutting sub-ring 18 is provided with a second groove 28 with an upward opening, the first groove 27 and the second groove 28 are correspondingly arranged, a connecting device 19 is arranged in a cavity defined by the first groove 27 and the second groove 28, and the cutting sub-ring 18 is rotatably connected with the fixed female ring 17 through the connecting device 19.

As shown in fig. 9, the connecting device 19 includes a connecting block 21, a rotating shaft 22 and a torsion spring 23, the connecting block 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second groove 28 and extends to the inside of the first groove 27, the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected between the front end surface and the rear end surface of the first groove 27, the connecting block 21 is rotatably connected to the fixed female ring 17 through the rotating shaft 22, the torsion spring 23 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 22, the torsion spring 23 is in press fit with the rear end surface of the first groove 27 and the rear end surface of the connecting block 21, and the torsion spring 23 urges the cutting male ring 18 and the fixed female ring 17 to be separated. The digging head 3 hammers the digging mechanism 100 to enable the digging mechanism 100 to be inserted downwards, at the moment, the torsional spring 23 stores force at the joint of the fixed female ring 17 and the cutting sub-ring 18, after the digging mechanism 100 is inserted downwards to a certain depth, the digging mechanism 100 is lifted upwards, the torsional force of the torsional spring 23 enables the fixed female ring 17 and the cutting sub-ring 18 to be opened, the cutting sub-ring 18 rotates downwards around the rotating shaft 22 and cuts into a small core sleeved by the digging pipe 26, and then the small core is cut off to bring out a hole for placing scions. The process of digging and taking the wood is completed at one time, and the efficiency is improved.

The avoiding inserted rod 200 is formed by winding a thin cylindrical rod, the avoiding inserted rod 200 is provided with two straight pipe sections and a pressed part, the diameters of the two straight pipe sections are the same as the diameter of the second limiting groove 13, and the two straight pipe sections of the avoiding inserted rod 200 are inserted into the second limiting groove 13, so that the avoiding inserted rod 200 is in sliding connection with the mounting block 11; the diameters of the two elastic ejector rods 16 are the same as the diameter of the first limiting groove 12, and the two elastic ejector rods 16 are inserted into the first limiting groove 12, so that the hole digging mechanism 100 is in sliding connection with the mounting block 11.

As shown in fig. 5, the lower end of the connecting rod 36 is provided with a push plate 29 which is vertically arranged, the lower surface of the mounting plate 1 is fixedly connected with a first connecting plate 30, a second connecting plate 31 and a third connecting plate 32 from left to right in sequence, the first connecting plate 30 is positioned at the left side of the push plate 29, the second connecting plate 31 and the third connecting plate 32 are positioned at the right side of the push plate 29, and the second connecting plate 31 and the third connecting plate 32 are arranged at intervals; a pushing spring 7 is arranged between the right end face of the first connecting plate 30 and the left end face of the push plate 29, the pushing springs 7 are sleeved on the two mounting columns, and the pushing springs 7 are in pushing fit with the right end face of the first connecting plate 30 and the left end face of the push plate 29 (specifically, the right end face of the first connecting plate 30 and the left end face of the push plate 29 are both fixedly provided with the mounting columns, the axes of the two mounting columns extend along the horizontal direction, and the pushing springs 7 are sleeved on the mounting columns); a buffer head 8 with a horizontally extending axis is inserted into the second connecting plate 31 and the third connecting plate 32, a limiting plate 10 is fixedly arranged on the buffer head 8, the limiting plate 10 is positioned between the second connecting plate 31 and the third connecting plate 32, an elastic member 9 positioned between the limiting plate 10 and the third connecting plate 32 is sleeved on the buffer head, and the elastic member 9 is a helical compression spring; the left end of the buffering head 8 extends out of the left end face of the second connecting plate 31 and is in abutting fit with the right end face of the push plate 29, and the right end of the buffering head 8 extends out of the right end face of the third connecting plate 32.

When the hole digging mechanism 100 is used for digging a hole, the rotating arm 2 is pulled backwards, the push plate 29 moves leftwards to compress the pushing spring 7, the rotating arm 2 is loosened after the force of the pushing spring 7 is accumulated, and the rotating arm 2 rotates anticlockwise under the reset force of the pushing spring 7; before the digging head 3 hammers the pressure-bearing handle 20, the arc surface of the push plate 29 supports against the buffer head 8, the buffer head 8 applies horizontal leftward thrust to the arc surface of the push plate 29 to enable the digging head 3 to perform deceleration movement until the digging head 3 rebounds after hammering the pressure-bearing handle 20, and the elasticity of the elastic piece 9 is larger than the sum of the gravity of the pushing spring 7 and the digging head 3, so that the digging head 3 is prevented from hammering the pressure-bearing handle 20 for the second time under the action of the gravity of the pushing spring 7 and the digging head 3 after the hammering pressure-bearing handle 20 is rebounded; the rotating arm 2 rotates clockwise after rebounding, at the moment, the elastic part 9 gradually resets to push the push plate 29 to move leftwards, so that the rotating arm 2 continuously rotates clockwise, and after the resetting force of the elastic part 9 disappears, the rotating arm 2 stops rotating due to stress balance and returns to the initial position. Under the elastic force action of the pushing spring 7 and the return spring, the digging head 3 is separated from the digging mechanism 100 after the hammering digging mechanism 100 is used for one time, the repeated and small-amplitude hammering digging mechanism 100 with the rotating arm 2 under the action of gravity cannot occur, the phenomena that the digging mechanism 100 is adhered to a cambium and the cambium is damaged under the repeated and small-amplitude hammering are avoided, and the success rate of scions is ensured.

The avoiding inserted rod 200 and the elastic pushing rod 16 are made of elastic materials, and when the pit with the arc-shaped side surface influences the placement of the hole digging mechanism 100 and the avoiding inserted rod 200, the avoiding inserted rod 200 and the elastic pushing rod 16 can be inserted after being bent, so that the environmental applicability of the avoiding inserted rod 200 and the elastic pushing rod 16 is improved.

With reference to the above examples, the method of use of the present invention is as follows:

(1) selecting fresh branches which are full in annual development, healthy and strong as scions, comparing the bottom inclined planes of the hole digging pipes 26, cutting a bevel cut plane with the same inclination angle as the bottom inclined plane of the hole digging pipe 20 at the lower end of the scions, and slightly cutting off an old bark layer at the middle arched part of the back surfaces of the bevel cut planes to expose green tender barks; and (3) searching a smooth and straight place on the side surface of the stock as a grafting position, and marking the position to be grafted.

(2) The tree grafting device shown in the figure 1 is horizontally aligned to a position to be grafted, then the tail of the tree grafting device is knocked, the top 4 is nailed into the stock, and then the rotating arm 2 is rotated, so that the digging head 3 digs a pit at the position to be grafted.

(3) Shifting the adjusting nut 15, adjusting the position of the mounting block 11 in the avoidance cavity 5, and enabling the arc-shaped inner surface of the mounting block 11 to be overlapped with the inner arc surface of the forming layer of the stock in the projection direction; as shown in fig. 2, the hole digging mechanism 100 is placed in the mounting block 11, the rotating arm 2 is pulled rightwards and then is released, so that the rotating arm 2 moves anticlockwise, the digging head 3 is further enabled to hammer the pressure bearing handle 20 of the hole digging mechanism 100, a scion hole is dug downwards, and the hole digging mechanism 100 is detached from the mounting block 11 after the scion hole is dug.

(4) The oblique cutting surface of the scion is opposite to the wood layer of the stock, meanwhile, the aversion inserted bar 200 is placed between the forming layer of the stock and the scion to support the scion, and then the aversion inserted bar 200 and the scion are simultaneously placed into the mounting block 11; pressing downwards to enable the aversion inserting rod 200 and the scion to simultaneously enter the scion hole to a proper depth, enabling the oblique cut surface of the scion to be fully contacted with the bottom surface of the scion hole, then pulling out the aversion inserting rod 200, and slightly adjusting the position of the scion to enable the green tender bark of the scion to be tightly attached to the forming layer of the stock; after the scions are placed, the mounting plate 1 is pulled out of the stock.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tree grafting device which characterized in that: the hole digging mechanism comprises a hole digging mechanism, a position avoiding inserting rod and a horizontally arranged mounting plate, wherein the left end of the mounting plate is provided with a top head and a through cavity from top to bottom, the top head is nailed into the peripheral wall of a vertically arranged stock to support the mounting plate, the right end of the mounting plate is provided with a rotating arm, the right lower end of the rotating arm is fixedly provided with a connecting rod extending downwards, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the mounting plate in a rotating manner, the left upper end of the rotating arm is provided with a digging head, the digging head is provided with a circular arc-shaped side digging surface, the lower end of the side digging surface extends upwards to be provided with an inclined digging surface, the inclined digging surface is positioned on the right side of the side digging surface, the side digging surface and the inclined digging surface are intersected to form a blade part, the inclined digging surface extends rightwards to be provided with a hammering surface, the hammering surface is used for hammering the hole digging mechanism, the rotating arm rotates to drive the digging head to dig a pit with a left limiting surface and a lower limiting surface on the peripheral wall of the stock, the left limiting surface of the pit is arc-shaped;

2. The tree grafting device of claim 1, wherein: the hole digging mechanism comprises a pressure bearing handle, two elastic push rods and a hole digging pipe, wherein the axes of the two elastic push rods and the hole digging pipe extend along the vertical direction, and the two elastic push rods are connected with the first limiting groove in a sliding manner; the two elastic push rods are respectively positioned at the front end and the rear end of the lower surface of the pressure-bearing handle, and the hole digging pipe is positioned between the two elastic push rods and is fixedly connected with the lower ends of the two elastic push rods; the right side surface of the hole digging pipe is a vertical plane, the bottom surface of the hole digging pipe is an inclined plane with a high left and a low right, and the lower end of the right end surface of the hole digging pipe is a cutting edge;

3. The tree grafting device according to claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the left side of the fixed female ring is provided with a first groove with a downward opening, the upper end of the left side of the cutting sub-ring is provided with a second groove with an upward opening, and the first groove and the second groove are correspondingly arranged; connecting device includes connecting block, pivot and torsional spring, connecting block fixed connection be in just extend to on the bottom surface of second recess inside the first recess, pivot fixed connection be in between the face of both ends around the first recess, the connecting block passes through the pivot with fixed female ring rotates to be connected, the torsional spring cover is established in the pivot, the torsional spring makes cutting child ring and fixed female ring open.

4. The tree grafting device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the connecting rod is provided with a vertically arranged push plate, the lower surface of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a third connecting plate from left to right in sequence, the first connecting plate is positioned on the left side of the push plate, the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are both positioned on the right side of the push plate, and the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are arranged at intervals;

5. The tree grafting device of claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of mounting panel is located the positive right side of dodging the chamber and is equipped with the nut and lays the chamber, it lays the level and is equipped with the guiding hole to dodge chamber and nut between the chamber, guiding hole one end with dodge chamber intercommunication, the other end and nut and lay the chamber intercommunication, the guiding hole internal slip is equipped with the threaded rod, threaded rod one end screw-thread fit be equipped with adjusting nut, the other end with installation piece fixed connection, adjusting nut is located the nut is laid the chamber in order to rotate can drive during adjusting nut the threaded rod drives installation piece horizontal slip is in with the change the installation piece is in dodge the position of intracavity.

6. The tree grafting device of claim 1, wherein: the distance from the rotating center of the rotating arm to the leftmost end of the top is smaller than the distance from the rotating center of the rotating arm to the leftmost end of the top, so that the top is continuously fixed on the stock after the pits are dug.

7. The tree grafting device of claim 1, wherein: the top includes first support arm and second support arm, the right-hand member activity of first support arm and second support arm articulates dodge the left end in chamber, first support arm and second support arm rotate the back around the articulated shaft in opposite directions, the left end of first support arm with the left end handing-over of second support arm is touched and is formed a contained angle for the top has a top, so that the top can be nailed into the stock smoothly, when the stock was extracted to the top, first support arm and second support arm rotated around the articulated shaft towards opposite direction and opened, conveniently extracted.

8. The tree grafting device according to claim 2, wherein: the position-avoiding inserted rod and the elastic ejector rod are both made of elastic materials.

9. The grafting method of a tree grafting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: