CN112134575A

CN112134575A - Convolutional interleaver, convolutional interleaving method, convolutional deinterleaver, and convolutional deinterleaving method

Info

Publication number: CN112134575A
Application number: CN202011124001.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: P·克伦纳尔
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2014-09-29
Filing date: 2015-09-10
Publication date: 2020-12-25
Also published as: EP3203637B1; MX2016010459A; US20180159791A1; CN106105041A; US10938735B2; CA3136006A1; JP6777708B2; CA3136006C; JP2020074550A; US20190394141A1; JP2016072967A; CA2938509C; EP3203637A1; JP6423329B2; US10454841B2; JP6972190B2; MX361576B; US9935890B2; EP3001572A1; US20210152486A1

Abstract

A convolutional interleaver for performing convolutional interleaving included in a time interleaver includes: a1 st switch for switching a connection destination of an input of the convolutional interleaver to one end of one of the plurality of branches; FIFO memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except for one branch, the number of the branches being different from each other; a 2 nd switch for switching a connection destination of an output of the convolutional interleaver to the other end of one of the plurality of branches; the 1 st and 2 nd switches switch the connection destination by repeating a plurality of branches in order when a plurality of data units equal to the number of code words per 1 frame have passed.

Description

Convolutional interleaver, convolutional interleaving method, convolutional deinterleaver, and convolutional deinterleaving method

This application is a divisional application of chinese patent application 201580013616.5 entitled "time interleaver and time deinterleaver, and time interleaving method and time deinterleaving method" filed on 10/09/2015.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of digital communications, and more particularly, to a time interleaver that time interleaves (interleaves) a plurality of data units, and a time deinterleaver corresponding to the time interleaver.

Background

In a transmitter including a bit-interleaved coding and modulation (BICM) encoder using a quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check code (QCLDPC code) and a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), a time interleaver that time-interleaves a plurality of data units generated by the BICM encoder, and a time deinterleaver corresponding to the time interleaver in a receiver are known.

Examples of such a time interleaver and a time deinterleaver corresponding thereto include a hybrid interleaver that performs hybrid interleaving combining block interleaving (block interleaving) and convolutional interleaving (convolutional interleaving) described in the DVB-NGH standard book (non-patent document 1), and a hybrid deinterleaver corresponding thereto.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: WO2010/061184

Non-patent document

Non-patent document 1: DVB-NGH specification DVB Bluebook A160(Draft ETSI EN 303105) "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); next Generation broadcasting system to Handheld physical layer specification (DVB-NGH) ", November 2012

Non-patent document 2: DVB-T2 implementation requirements standards ETSI TS 102831 "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); implementationation guides for a second generation digital hierarchy broadcasting system (DVB-T2) ", v1.2.1, August 2012

Non-patent document 3: DVB-C2 specification ETSI EN 302769 "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); frame structure channel coding and modulation for a second generation digital transmission systems for cable systems (DVB-C2) ", v1.2.1, April 2011

Disclosure of Invention

A time interleaver according to an aspect of the present invention is a time interleaver that performs time interleaving including convolutional interleaving on a plurality of data units, and the convolutional interleaver that performs the convolutional interleaving includes: a1 st switch for switching a connection destination of an input of the convolutional interleaver to one end of any of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which interleaved data units are arranged; FIFO (first in, first out) memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except for one branch, the number of the branches being different from each other; a 2 nd switch for switching a connection destination of an output of the convolutional interleaver to the other end of one of the plurality of branches; the 1 st switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed; the 2 nd switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a communication circuit on the transmitter side including bit interleaved coded modulation.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic logical representation of data input to the time interleaver.

Fig. 3A is a diagram schematically showing an example of logical operations of a time interleaver conforming to the DVB-NGH standard book.

Fig. 3B is a diagram schematically showing an example of logical operation of a time interleaver conforming to the DVB-NGH standard book.

Fig. 3C is a diagram schematically showing an example of logical operations of a time interleaver conforming to the DVB-NGH standard book.

Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram showing an example of logical operation of a time deinterleaver conforming to the DVB-NGH standard book.

Fig. 4B is a schematic diagram showing an example of logical operation of a time deinterleaver conforming to the DVB-NGH standard book.

Fig. 4C is a schematic diagram showing an example of logical operation of a time deinterleaver conforming to the DVB-NGH standard book.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an example of installation of a time interleaver according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6A is a diagram schematically showing an example of operation of the column-row block interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 6B is a schematic diagram showing an operation example of the block interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 6C is a schematic diagram showing another operation example of the block interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 6D is a schematic diagram showing another operation example of the block interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 6E is a diagram schematically showing an example of operation of the input-side switch of the convolutional interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 6F is a diagram schematically showing an example of operation of the input-side switch of the convolutional interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 6G is a diagram schematically showing an example of operation of the convolutional interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an example of installation of a time deinterleaver corresponding to the time interleaver of fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of mounting of a block interleaver according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the simulation result.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing another example of the configuration of the time interleaver according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an example of installation of a time deinterleaver corresponding to the time interleaver of fig. 10.

Detailed Description

< details of the present inventors' research >

The DVB-NGH specification (non-patent document 1) only describes the transmission sequence (sequence) of a plurality of time-interleaved data units (cells), and does not describe a practical method for generating the transmission sequence.

The invention discloses a time interleaver and a specific installation method and a specific installation device of a time deinterleaver corresponding to the time interleaver.

It should be noted that the application object of the present invention is not limited to broadcasting based on DVB-NGH, for example, the encoding method is not limited to the encoding method using QC LDPC code, and the modulation method is not limited to QAM.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of a communication circuit on a transmitter side including bit-interleaved coding and modulation (BICM).

The transmitter 100 includes an input processing unit 110, a BICM encoder 120, a time interleaver 130, a modulator 140, an RF (radio frequency) front end (front end)150, and an antenna 160.

The input processing unit 110 changes the form of input bits into a block of a prescribed length called a baseband frame. The BICM encoder 120 converts the baseband frame into a plurality of complex-valued data units, respectively, and outputs the data units. The plurality of complex-valued data units are further processed by circuitry comprising at least a time interleaver 130, a modulator 140, and an RF front end 150. The time interleaver 130 time-interleaves and outputs the output of the BICM encoder 120. The modulator 140 performs processing for modulating the output of the time interleaver 130 by, for example, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), and performs time interleaving and frequency interleaving which are generally used to improve diversity. The RF front end 150 converts the digital signal output from the modulator 140 into an analog RF (radio frequency) signal, and performs power amplification of the analog RF signal. RF front end 150 outputs the power-amplified analog RF signal to antenna 160, and outputs the power-amplified analog RF signal as a radio wave from antenna 160.

In fig. 1, a time interleaver 130 is disposed between a BICM encoder 120 and a modulator 140.

The purpose of the time interleaver 130 is to mitigate burst (burst) errors. In fact, in the presence of burst errors, when interleaving multiple data units with respect to time, a very large number of data units that are originally in close proximity in the original data stream are no longer affected by the burst errors. Therefore, time interleaving facilitates recovery of lost data, for example, in the case of a method using a forward error correction code.

Some time interleaving techniques are known in the art of communication systems such as DVB-C2, DVB-T2, DVB-NGH, and the like. Most systems use interleaving of multiple segments. The theoretical explanation behind the overall time interleaving approach is the reconfiguration of multiple data units across some codewords.

The time interleaving used in DVB-T2 is, for example, a row-column block interleaving. Conceptually, row-column block interleaving is a method in which a plurality of data units are written in the column direction (column-wise) of a matrix, and the written data units are read out from the matrix in the row direction (row-wise).

Another time interleaving is convolutional interleaving (convolutional interleaving). Convolutional interleaving is a method of writing a plurality of data elements to a FIFO (first in, first out: first in, first out) shift register of a larger size. Convolutional interleaving is half the memory size of block interleaving, enabling the same time interleaving depth.

In the standard book of DVB-NGH (non-patent document 1), a hybrid interleaving scheme that combines block interleaving and convolutional interleaving is adopted in time interleaving. Conceptually, the time interleaver of DVB-NGH interleaves by convolving a plurality of blocks each composed of a plurality of data units. Wherein one block is referred to as an Interleaving Unit (IU).

The combination of block interleaving and convolutional interleaving is chosen primarily to enable time-frequency slicing (TFS), which is a promising technique to increase multiplexing capacity.

The time interleaver 130 and the corresponding time deinterleaver are further described below.

Fig. 2 shows an example of a schematic representation of the logical representation of data input to the time interleaver 130. Wherein one frame 204 is shown in figure 2.

Frame 204 includes a plurality of codewords 202, each codeword 202 including a plurality of data units 201. Here, the number of code words per 1 frame is expressed as N_{FEC_TI}The number of data units per 1 codeword is expressed as N_cells. In the example of FIG. 2, N_{FEC_Ti}＝2，N_cellsEach frame 204 includes N, 12_{FEC_TI}×N _cells2 × 12 is 24 data units.

Each frame 204 is logically divided into a plurality of interleaving units 203. Here, the number of interleaving units per 1 frame is expressed as N_IU. In the example of FIG. 2, N_IU＝3。

The data structure illustrated in fig. 2 is used to clarify how the time interleaver 130 operates, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the data structure illustrated in fig. 2, and N can be used as N_{FEC_TI}、N_cells、N_IUAnd other values of (2).

Note that the smallest square in fig. 2 corresponds to a data cell, but only a part thereof is given reference numeral 201 for simplification of the drawing. The 1 st character of the 2 characters in each data unit is a value that is temporarily assigned to recognize a codeword, and the 2 nd character is a value that is temporarily assigned to recognize a data unit in each codeword. The same applies to other drawings.

In the DVB-NGH standard, as shown in fig. 3A to 3C and fig. 4A to 4C, the input/output of the time interleaver 130 and the input/output of the corresponding time deinterleaver are explicitly described.

Hereinafter, the time interleaver 130 will be described with reference to fig. 3A to 3C.

Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram showing an example of the initial operation of the time interleaver 130 according to the DVB-NGH standard book. The first operation of the time interleaver 130 includes a process of block interleaving the code words that generate the interleaving units.

IN the example of fig. 3A, 3 consecutive input frames IN (m-2), IN (m-1), IN (m) are shown as input to the delay unit 310 within the time interleaver 130. The input frames are input to delay section 310 IN the order IN which IN (m-2), IN (m-1), and IN (m) are described.

The respective pluralities of interleaving units IU0, IU1, IU2 of input frames IN (m-2), IN (m-1), IN (m) are subjected to mutually different time delays by the delay unit 310. In addition, the time delay includes a time delay "0".

In the example of fig. 3A, each interleaving unit is subjected to a time delay described below.

The interleaving unit IU0 of each input frame is output without delay in the delay unit 310, as indicated by the absence of a delay circuit (delay line) in the corresponding line.

The interleaving unit IU1 of each input frame is delayed by an amount of 1 interleaving unit in the delay unit 310 as indicated by the presence of 1 delay circuit (delay line) 310-11 in the corresponding row, and is output.

The interleaving unit IU2 of each input frame is delayed by the amount of two interleaving units in the delay unit 310 as indicated by the presence of two delay circuits (delay lines) 310-21, 310-22 in the corresponding row, and is output.

In the example of fig. 3A, the output of the delay unit 310 in the first operation of the time interleaver 130 is represented by the intermediate frames INT (n-2), INT (n-1), in (n), INT (n +1), INT (n + 2). The intermediate frames are output from the delay unit 310 in the order of INT (n-2), INT (n-1), INT (n), INT (n +1), and INT (n + 2).

In the example of fig. 3A, only the intermediate frames int (n) are complete, and the intermediate frames before and after the intermediate frames are complete, input frames, not shown, are input to the delay unit 310, subjected to the processing of the delay unit 310, and output from the delay unit 310.

Furthermore, the delay circuits (delay lines) 310-11, 310-21, and 310-22 in the delay unit 310 operate on the groups of data units, i.e., the interleaving units, rather than on a single data unit as in typical convolutional interleaving.

Fig. 3B and 3C show an example of the 2 nd operation of the time interleaver 130 according to the DVB-NGH standard book. The 2 nd action of the time interleaver 130 includes a process of stacking (stack) a plurality of interleaving units 203 horizontally from left to right for each intermediate frame and then reading out the data units in the row direction (row by row).

In more detail, with respect to the intermediate frames int (n), as shown in fig. 3B, interleaving units IU0, IU1, IU2 are horizontally stacked from left to right by a stacking unit 320 within the time interleaver 130. Then, as shown in fig. 3C, the data units of the piled-up interleaving units IU0, IU1, IU2 are read out in the row direction (row by row) and output by the read-out unit 330 within the time interleaver 130. The output result is represented by the output string out (n) in fig. 3C, and the data cells are output in the order of description of 40, 50, 24, …, 19, 42, …, 37, 0B, 1B.

It is known how in the output string out (n) a plurality of data units are advantageously spread more in the code words within the time interleaving depth. This is achieved by the stacking action performed by the stacking unit 320.

When the data unit stream corresponding to the output sequence out (n) is received at the receiver, the time deinterleaver of the receiver performs the operation reverse to the operation described for the time interleaver 130. In short, the plurality of data units are divided into a plurality of interleaved units, and the plurality of interleaved units are vertically stacked from top to bottom to reconstruct a frame, and are further subjected to a time delay.

Hereinafter, the time deinterleaver will be described with reference to fig. 4A to 4C.

Fig. 4A and 4B show an example of the first operation of the time deinterleaver following the DVB-NGH standard. The first operation of the time deinterleaver includes a reception process of an input stream in (n) corresponding to an output sequence out (n) output from the time interleaver 130 at the transmitter side.

As shown in fig. 4A, the data units of the input stream in (n) are input to the separation unit 410 in the order of 40, 50, 24, …, 19, 42, …, 37, 0B, 1B, and are reconstructed into interleaved units by the separation unit 410.

As shown in fig. 4B, the plurality of interleaving units are input to the de-stacking unit 420 and reconstructed into a frame by the de-stacking unit 420.

Fig. 4C schematically shows an example of the 2 nd operation of the time deinterleaver following the DVB-NGH standard book.

In the example of FIG. 4C, 5 consecutive, e.g., intermediate frames INT (n-2), INT (n-1), INT (n), INT (n +1), INT (n +2) are shown as inputs to delay element 430 within the time deinterleaver. The intermediate frames are input to delay section 430 in the order of INT (n-2), INT (n-1), INT (n), INT (n +1), and INT (n + 2). In addition, some of the intermediate frames are not complete in the drawings for convenience of explanation.

Delay unit 430 implements a time delay to the plurality of interleave units that is opposite to the time delay of delay unit 310. In the example of fig. 4C, the delay unit 430 performs delay by the amount of two interleave units for the interleave unit IU0 of each inter frame as indicated by the presence of two delay circuits (delay lines) 430-01, 430-02 in the corresponding row and outputs it. The delay unit 430 performs delay by an amount of 1 interleaving unit as represented by the presence of 1 delay circuit (delay line) 430-11 in the corresponding row for the interleaving unit IU1 of each inter frame and outputs it. The delay unit 430 outputs the interleaving unit IU2 of each inter frame without performing delay as indicated by the absence of a delay circuit (delay line) in the corresponding line.

Through the above processing, the frames OUT (p), OUT (p +1), OUT (p +2) corresponding to the originally transmitted frames IN (m-2), IN (m-1), IN (m) are restored.

However, the above description of the time interleaver and the time deinterleaver is only a logical description of the operations of the time interleaver 130 and the time deinterleaver apparatus and method. Their implementation and installation does not necessarily use the described units 310-330 and 410-430 and can be obtained by some methods. In particular, as defined 2-dimensional matrices are arranged at different spatial positions in relation to each other, the arrangement of data and the movement of data in the defined 2-dimensional matrices are selected merely to simplify the understanding of the time interleaving process and the time deinterleaving process. In a preferred implementation and installation, the physical recording of data may be organized in a memory having a 2-dimensional array structure, but the data need not be physically rearranged as described above, and may simply be logically rearranged using, for example, an appropriate addressing scheme.

The present invention provides a method for implementing and installing the time interleaving and time deinterleaving described above with a reduction in the use of resources, preferably a reduction in the use of memory in the time deinterleaver. This reduction in the use of the memory in the time deinterleaver is effective because the time interleaver may be mounted in a small and potentially portable electronic device, and the reduction in the memory effectively leads to a reduction in size and cost.

The time interleaving and time deinterleaving related thereto will be described below.

< embodiment >

Fig. 5 shows a configuration of an example of installation of a time interleaver according to an embodiment of the present invention. The time interleaving by the time interleaver of fig. 5 is a hybrid interleaving combining block interleaving and convolutional interleaving.

The time interleaver 500 is provided with a row-column Block Interleaver (BI)₀)510 Block Interleaver (BI)₁)520 and a convolutional interleaver 530. The convolutional interleaver 530 logically includes a switch 540 and a memory unit (M)_1，0、M_2，0、M_2，1) 545-11, 545-21, 545-22 and a switch 550. The output of row-column block interleaver 510 is coupled to the input of block interleaver 520, and the output of block interleaver 520 is coupled to the input of convolutional interleaver 530.

However, fig. 5 is only a logical display, and although the time interleaver 500 is not physically implemented, i.e., has no physical switch, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that it can be implemented by using a memory and a processor, for example.

The row-column block interleaver 510 of fig. 5 will be described below.

The row-column block interleaver 510 comprises N_cells/N_IUEqual number of rows and N_IUA matrix of equal number of columns. Wherein N is_IUIs the number of interleaved units per 1 frame, N_cellsIs the number of data units per 1 codeword. For example, in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2, N_cells＝12，N_IU＝3。

In FIG. 6A, N is shown_cells＝12，N_IUAn example of the row-column block interleaver 510 in the case of 3. In the example of fig. 6A, 12 data cells of the 1 st codeword are input to the row-column block interleaver 510 in the order of 00, 01, 02, …, 09, 0A, and 0B.

As can be seen from fig. 6A, the data cells 00 to 0B are written in the matrix column direction in the input order by the row-column block interleaver 510, and after writing, read out from the matrix row direction. As a result, 12 data cells of the 1 st codeword are output from the row-column block interleaver 510 in the order of

description

00, 04, 08, 01, 05, 09, 02, 06, 0A, 03, 07, 0B.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the implementation and installation of the row-column block interleaver 510 can be advantageously achieved using linear memory blocks operated by the addressing scheme used, for example, in the DVB-T2 installation guideline (non-patent document 2) or described in patent document 1. Non-patent document 2 and patent document 1 are entirely included in the present application.

In particular, the row-column block interleaver keeps track of the memory locations from which the next data cell is read, and reuses these memory locations for writing the incoming data cell. In detail, the address a of the ith element of the jth time-interleaved block_(i，j)Based on the following numerical expression 1 and numerical expression 2. The j-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element correspond to the N-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element described above, respectively_cellsEach codeword of a data unit (12 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) and the i-th data unit of each codeword.

[ numerical formula 1]

a_(i，j)＝(a_(i-1，j)+k_(j))mod M+(a_(i-1，j)+k_(j))div M

Here, k₍₀₎＝1、a_(0，j)＝0、M＝Nr×Nc。

Where Nr is the number of rows and Nc is the number of columns. If j is 0 and …, the value is increased by 1, i is 0, …, and N is added every time a codeword is input_cells-1-1 (11 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), Nr and Nc corresponding to N described above_cells/N_IU(12/3 ═ 4 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), N_IU(3 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

In the transmitter-side row-column block interleaver 510, k_(j)The following equation 2 is used for calculation.

[ numerical formula 2]

k_(j)＝(k_(j-1)×Nr)mod M+k_(j-1)div Nc

The method has the advantages that the data unit can be read and written by one buffer, and the two buffers are not required to be used for switching the writing action and the reading action between the two buffers. This enables the use of one block of linear ram (random access memory) for row-column block interleaving, and for similarity-based de-interleaving for row-column blocks. In this regard, the memory sizes of the actual row-column block interleaver and the actual row-column block deinterleaver can be made conceptually the same in size. For example, to perform row-column block interleaving or row-column block deinterleaving of one frame composed of 12 data units, one memory block having a memory space of 12 data units may be used.

Hereinafter, the block interleaver 520 of fig. 5 will be described.

The block interleaver 520 includes N_cellsEqual number of rows and N_{FEC_TI}A matrix of equal number of columns. Wherein N is_cellsIs the number of data units per 1 codeword, N_{FEC_TI}Is the number of codewords per 1 frame. For example, in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2, N_cells＝12，N _{FEC_Ti}2. Further, block

interleavers

520A, 520B described laterAlso include N_cellsEqual number of rows and N_{FEC_TI}A matrix of equal number of columns.

In FIG. 6B, N is shown_cells＝12、N_{FEC_Ti}An example of the block interleaver 520 in the case of 2. In the example of fig. 6B, 12 data elements of the first code word in 1 frame are input to the block interleaver 520 in the order of output from the row-column block interleaver 510, here in the order of 00, 04, 08, …, 03, 07, 0B. Next, 12 data cells of the next code word in the 1 frame are input to the block interleaver 520 in the order of output from the row-column block interleaver 510, here in the order of description of 10, 14, 18, …, 13, 17, 1B.

As shown in fig. 6B, data cells 00-0B of the first codeword are written in the column direction of the matrix by the block interleaver 520 in the order of being output by the row-column block interleaver 510. The data cells 10-1B of the subsequent codeword are written in the column direction of the matrix by the block interleaver 520 in the order of being output by the row-column block interleaver 510. The data cells 00-0B, 10-1B written to the matrix are read by the block interleaver 520 in the row direction of the matrix. As a result, 24 data cells of the 1 st frame are output from the block interleaver 520 in the order of 00, 10, 04, …, 19, 02, … 17, 0B, 1B.

In this case, the block interleaver 520 operates as a row-column block interleaver like the row-column block interleaver 510. Thus, the same considerations as for row-column block interleaver 510 apply, in particular, to the implementation and installation of addressing schemes described using

equations

1 and 2. When applied to the block interleaver 520, the jth time-interleaved block and the ith element correspond to the N-inclusive symbol described above_{FEC_TI}×N_cellsEach frame of (2 × 12 to 24 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data units and the ith data unit of each frame, e.g., j to 0, …, are incremented by 1, i to 0, …, N, each time a frame is entered_{FEC_TI}×N_cells－1(2 × 12-1 is 23 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), and Nr and Nc correspond to N described above_cells(12 in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2) and N_{FEC_TI}(2 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

Hereinafter, for the Block Interleaver (BI) in the time interleaver 130₁) Another example of the mounting of (1) is described.

FIG. 6C shows N in the same case as the numerical example of FIG. 6B_cells＝12、N_{FEC_Ti}Block interleaver in case of 2 (BI)₁) Another example of the installation of (1). However, in FIG. 6C, the Block Interleaver (BI)₁) Shown as block interleaver 520A. In addition, the input data unit in fig. 6C is assumed to be the same as the input data unit in fig. 6B.

In the present invention, in the case of making reference to the block interleaver 520, it is apparent that the block interleaver 520A can be implemented and installed in addition to the block interleaver 520.

As shown in fig. 6C, 12 data cells 00-B of the first codeword are written into the matrix by the block interleaver 520A in the order of being output by the row-column block interleaver 510. The data cells 10-1B of the next codeword are written into the matrix by the block interleaver 520A in the order of being output by the row-column block interleaver 510. However, the data cells 00-0B, 10-1B are not written in the column direction as in the block interleaver 520, but are written diagonally. The data cells 00-0B and 10-1B written in the matrix are read by the block interleaver 520A in the row direction of the matrix in the same manner as the block interleaver 520. As a result, as shown in fig. 6C, 24 data cells of 1 frame are output from the block interleaver 520A in the order of description of 00, 1B, 10, …, 09, 02, …, 13, 17, 0B.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the implementation and installation of the block interleaver 520A can be advantageously achieved using linear memory blocks that operate by an addressing scheme such as that used in the standard book of DVB-C2 (non-patent document 3). In addition, non-patent document 3 is entirely included in the present application.

In particular, the block interleaver keeps track of the memory locations from which the next data cell is read, and reuses these memory locations for writing the incoming data cell. In detail, the jth time interleaving blockAddress a of the ith element of (1)_(i，j)Based on the following equation 3. The j-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element correspond to the N-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element described above, respectively_{FEC_TI}×N_cellsEach frame of one (2 × 12 — 24 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data unit and the i-th data unit of each frame.

[ numerical formula 3]

a_(i，j)＝Nc×r_(i，j)+c_(i，j)

Here, the first and second liquid crystal display panels are,

i＝0，....，Nr×Nc-1

c_(i，j)＝mod(i，Nc)

s_(i，j)＝mod(j×c_(i，j)，Nr)

r_(i，j)＝mod(floor(i/Nc)-s_(i，j)，Nr)

where Nr is the number of rows and Nc is the number of columns, e.g., j 0, …, so that each time a frame is entered, 1 is added, i0, …, N_{FEC_TI}×N_cells-1 (2 × 12-1 ═ 23 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), Nr and Nc corresponding to N described above, respectively_cells(12 in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2) and N_{FEC_TI}(2 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

Hereinafter, for the Block Interleaver (BI) in the time interleaver 130₁) Further another example of the mounting of (1) is described.

FIG. 6D shows N in the case where the numerical value is the same as that in FIG. 6B_cells＝12，N_{FEC_Ti}Block interleaver in case of 2 (BI)₁) And (3) a further installation example of (3). However, in FIG. 6D, the Block Interleaver (BI)₁) Shown as block interleaver 520B. In addition, it is assumed that the input data unit in fig. 6D is the same as the input data unit in fig. 6B.

In the present invention, in the case of making reference to the block interleaver 520, it is apparent that the block interleaver 520B can be implemented and installed in addition to the block interleaver 520.

As shown in fig. 6D, 12 data cells 00-0B of the first codeword are written in the column direction of the matrix by the block interleaver 520B in the order of being output by the row-column block interleaver 510. The data cells 10-1B of the next codeword are written in the column direction of the matrix by the block interleaver 520B in the order output by the row-column block interleaver 510. However, before the data cells are read out, row twisting processing is performed by the block interleaver 520B. After row twisting, data cells 00-0B, 10-1B are read out of the row direction of the matrix by block interleaver 520B.

If the description is changed, the data unit 00-0B of the codeword is written in the column direction of the matrix, and the data unit 10-1B of the following codeword is written in the column direction of the matrix. And, the data cells 00-0B, 10-1B written into the matrix are read diagonally from the matrix.

As a result, as shown in fig. 6D, 24 data cells of 1 frame are output from the block interleaver 520B in the order of 00, 14, 08, …, 1B, 04, …, 17, 0B, 10.

The implementation and installation of the block interleaver 520B can be advantageously achieved using linear memory blocks that act by following the memory locations from which the next data cell is read, reusing the addressing scheme of these memory locations for the purpose of writing the incoming data cell. In detail, the address a of the ith element between the jth time blocks_(i，j)Based on the following equation 4. The j-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element correspond to N included in the above description_{FEC_TI}×N_cellsEach frame of one (2 × 12 — 24 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data unit and the i-th data unit of each frame.

[ numerical formula 4]

Where Nr is the number of rows, Nc is the number of columns, and Nr and Nc correspond to N described above, respectively_cells(12 in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2) and N_{FEC_TI}(2 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

The block interleavers 520A, 520B have an advantage of complementing or replacing the data cell interleaver, and if not, are arranged before the row-column block interleaver 510, and therefore are better than the block interleaver 520. In particular, in DVB-NGH, a data cell interleaver is required before the row-column block interleaver 510 in order to perform a quasi-random reordering of the data cells within the codeword. By using the

block interleavers

520A, 520B, the data cell interleaver can be omitted.

The convolutional interleaver 530 of fig. 5 will be described below.

Switches

540, 550 are at N_{FEC_TI}After the data unit passes, the position of the connection destination is shifted by one amount. The number of positions of the connection switch, i.e., the number of branches in the convolutional interleaver 530 and the number of interleaving units N_IUAre equal.

Fig. 6E shows N in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2 exemplified above_cells＝12、N_{FEC_Ti}＝2、N_IUIn the case of 3, the first 3 steps and the respective output data units of the switch 540 are shown in fig. 6F, and the next 3 steps and the respective output data units are shown. However, in fig. 6E and 6F, the output data cell of the block interleaver 520 shown in fig. 6B is used as the input data cell, and 24 data cells of 1 frame arrive at the switch 540 in the order of 00, 10, 04, …, 19, 02, …, 17, 0B, 1B.

As can be seen from FIGS. 6E and 6F, if N is present_{FEC_Ti}When 2 data units pass, the switch 540 moves the connection destination from the position of the uppermost stage or 2 nd stage to the position of the next stage, or from the position of the lowermost stage to the position of the uppermost stage.

The data unit output from switch 540 passes through the branch currently connected to switch 540. The uppermost branch does not include any delay component, and branches lower than the uppermost branch add another delay component to the upper 1 branches, and include the number of delay components of 1, 2, 3, 4, and the like in order from the upper stage toward the lower stage.

Each delay component M_x，yThe shift register functions as a FIFO (first in, first out) shift register, and includes N_cells/N_IU×N_{FEC_TI}A memory data unit. For example, in the case of the frame construction of FIG. 2, i.e., at N_cells＝12、N_{FEC_Ti}＝2、N_IUIn the case of 3, each delay component M_x，yContaining 12/3 x 2-8 memory data elements. In addition, a delay component M_x，yCorresponding to memory cells 545-11, 545-21, 545-22 of fig. 5.

The data units that have passed through each branch reach switch 550. And, if N is_{FEC_Ti}When 2 data units pass, the switch 550 moves the connection destination from the uppermost or 2 nd stage position to the next stage position, or from the lowermost stage position to the uppermost stage position.

Fig. 6G schematically shows an example of the operation of the convolutional interleaver 530 for the first 3 frames. The empty data units in the output result from the memory contents of the memory units 545-11, 545-21, 545-22 progressing in stages. In particular, in this example, 3 memory cells 545-11, 545-21, 545-22 hold 24 data cells corresponding to 24 null data cells in the output, which are 3 times the total of 8 data cells. From the data unit 40, the data unit exists continuously.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a ring buffer may be used for implementing and installing delay circuits (delay lines) or memory units 545-11, 545-21, 545-22. In addition, ring buffers have the advantage of avoiding physical copying of memory cells. In this method, power consumption is effectively suppressed, which brings a significant advantage to the mobile device.

Fig. 7 shows a configuration of an example of installation of a time deinterleaver according to an embodiment of the present invention. The time deinterleaving by the time deinterleaver of fig. 7 is a hybrid deinterleaving in which convolutional deinterleaving and block deinterleaving are combined.

The time deinterleaver 700 is provided with a convolutional deinterleaver 730, a block deinterleaver (BDI1)720, and a row-column block deinterleaver (BDI0) 710. The convolutional deinterleaver 730 logically includes a switch 740 and a memory cell (M)_1，0、M1、1、M_2，0) 745-01, 745-02, 745-11 andand (5) turning off 750. The output of convolutional deinterleaver 730 is connected to the input of block deinterleaver 720 and the output of block deinterleaver 720 is connected to the input of row-column block deinterleaver 710. It is known that the time deinterleaver 700 is substantially symmetric with respect to the time interleaver 500.

The convolutional deinterleaver 730 operates in a method sufficiently similar to the operation of the convolutional interleaver 530 described with reference to fig. 6E to 6G, particularly with respect to the number of data cells held by the memory cells 745-01, 745-02, and 745-02 and the moving speed of the switch 740 and the switch 750.

Memory cells 745-01, 745-02 include N_cells/N_IU×N_{FEC_TI}A memory data unit.

Switches

740, 750 if N_{FEC_TI}When the data unit passes, the connection destination is moved from the position of the uppermost stage or 2 nd stage to the position of the next stage, or from the position of the lowermost stage to the position of the uppermost stage.

Further detailed description is omitted here.

The row-column block deinterleaver 710 of fig. 7 will be described below.

The row-column block deinterleaver 710 includes N_cells/N_IULine N_IUA matrix of columns.

One memory implementation of the row-column block deinterleaver 710 is symmetric to the row-column block interleaver 510 and is available using a memory using the addressing scheme described below. I.e. the address a of the ith element of the jth time-interleaved block_(i，j)The following numerical expression 5 and numerical expression 6 are used for calculation. The j-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element correspond to N included in the above description_cellsEach codeword of a single (12 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data unit and the i-th data unit of each codeword.

[ numerical formula 5]

a_(i，j)＝(a_(i-1，j)+k_(j))mod M+(a_(i-1，j)+k_(j))div M

Here, k₍₀₎＝1、a_(0，j)＝0、M＝Nr×Nc。

Where, Nr is the number of rows,nc is the number of columns. If j is 0, …, then each time a codeword is input, i is 0, …, N is incremented by 1_cells-1-1 (11 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), Nr, Nc corresponding respectively to N as described in the above_cells/N_IU(12/3-4 in the case of the frame configuration of fig. 2), N_IU(3 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

In the receiver-side row-column block deinterleaver 710, k_(j)The following equation 6 is used for calculation.

[ numerical formula 6]

k_(j)＝(k_(j-1)×Nc)mod M+k_(j-1)div Nr

The block deinterleaver 720 of fig. 7 will be described below.

The block deinterleaver 720 includes N_cellsLine N_{IUFEC_TI}A matrix of columns.

One memory implementation example of the block deinterleaver 720 is symmetrical to the block interleaver 520, and is obtained by using a memory using the addressing schemes described in equations 5 and 6 for deinterleaving addressing on the receiver side, as in the row-column block deinterleaver 710. When applied to the block deinterleaver 720, the jth time-interleaved block and the ith element correspond to N included in the above description_{FEC_TI}×N_cellsEach frame of (2 × 12 to 24 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data units and the ith data unit of each frame, for example, j is 0, …, so that each time a codeword is input, i is increased by 1, i is 0, …, N_{FEC_TI}×N_cells-1 (2 × 12-1 ═ 23 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), Nr and Nc corresponding to N described above, respectively_cells(12 in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2) and N_{FEC_TI}(2 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

Alternatively, in the case of using the block interleaver 520A, a block deinterleaver corresponding thereto is implemented and installed by using the following addressing scheme. I.e. the address a of the ith element of the jth time-interleaved block_(i，j)The following equation 7 is used for calculation. The j-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element correspond to N included in the above description_{FEC_TI}×N_cellsEach frame of a single (2 × 12 — 24 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data unit and the i-th data unit of each frame.

[ number formula 7]

a_(i，j)＝Nc×r_(i，j)+c_(i，j)

Here, the first and second liquid crystal display panels are,

i＝0，…，Nr×Nc-1

c_(i，j)＝mod(i，Nc)

s_(i，j)＝mod(j×c_(i，j)，Nr)

r_(i，j)＝mod(s_(i，j)+floor(i/Nc)，Nr)

where Nr is the number of rows and Nc is the number of columns, e.g., j 0, …, so that each time a codeword is input, 1 is incremented, i0, …, N_{FEC_TI}×N_cells-1 (2 × 12-1 ═ 23 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2), Nr and Nc corresponding to N described above, respectively_cells(12 in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2) and N_{FEC_TI}(2 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

Still alternatively, in the case of using the block interleaver 520B, a block deinterleaver corresponding thereto is implemented and installed by using the following addressing scheme. I.e. the address a of the ith element of the jth time-interleaved block_(i，j)The following equation 8 is used for calculation. The j-th time-interleaved block and the i-th element correspond to N included in the above description_{FEC_TI}×N_cellsEach frame of a single (2 × 12 — 24 in the case of the frame structure of fig. 2) data unit and the i-th data unit of each frame.

[ number formula 8]

Where Nr is the number of rows, Nc is the number of columns, and Nr, Nc correspond to the number of N included in the above description_cells(12 in the case of the frame structure of FIG. 2) and N_{FEC_TI}(2 in the case of the frame construction of fig. 2).

Next, as other embodiments of the present invention, simplified time interleavers and time deinterleavers are described. The time interleaver performs hybrid interleaving in which block interleaving and convolutional interleaving are combined, and the time deinterleaver performs hybrid deinterleaving in which block deinterleaving and convolutional deinterleaving are combined.

Row-column block interleaver 510 counts N data units per 1 codeword_cellsIs the number of interleaving units N_IUThe integer multiple of (d) is used as a conventional row-column block interleaver. However, in a case where this is not the case, it is necessary to use a block interleaver that skips over the following data cells and advances.

According to the DVB-NGH Standard book, L_(IU，min)＝floor(N_cells/N_IU). Wherein floor (x) is the largest integer not exceeding x. N is a radical of_large＝mod(N_cells，N_IU)，N_small＝N_IU－N_large. Further, the first N_largeEach interleaving unit comprises L_(IU，min)+1 data units, followed by N_smallEach interleaving unit comprises L_(IU，min)A data unit. As a result, N_cells＝(L_(IU，min)+1)×N_large+L_(IU，min)×N_small。

Fig. 8 schematically shows an example of the row-column block interleaver. It is known that the block interleaver cannot be directly implemented and installed using the DVB-T2 addressing scheme described above, which inhibits the use of memory. This countermeasure requires skipping reading of a prescribed data unit that is large in scale and involves complicated logic.

However, the inventor thinks that the row-column block interleaver 510 and the row-column block deinterleaver 710 form an outer component (outer component) of the time interleaver circuit as a whole and the time deinterleaver circuit as a whole. Therefore, the row-column block interleaver 510 and the row-column block deinterleaver 710 can be easily removed from the time interleaver circuit and the time deinterleaver circuit without affecting the overall functions and without degrading the performance. Simulation results supporting this finding are shown in fig. 9.

Fig. 10 shows an example of a structure of a time interleaver 1000 corresponding thereto.

The time interleaver 1000 of fig. 10 is provided with a Block Interleaver (BI)₁)1020, and a convolutional interleaver 1030, the convolutional interleaver 1030 including a switch 1040, a plurality of FIFO registers 1045, and a switch 1050. In addition, the square blocks in the convolutional interleaver 1030 in fig. 10 are FIFO registers 1045, respectively. In addition, positions i (1 to N) provided on the switch 1040 side_IU-1) and position i (1 to N) on the side of switch 1050_IUThe FIFO register 1045 in the j-th branch between-1) from switch 1040 to switch 1050 is denoted M_i，j。

The spreading of the codewords is determined by the switch 1040.

In one embodiment, switch 1040 is at N_FEC－TIAfter the data unit passes, the position of the connection destination is moved to increase by 1 (0, 1, 2, …, N)_IU－2，N_IU-1, 0, 1, …). The operation of switch 1050 reproduces the operation of switch 1040. That is, the switch 1050 moves the position of the connection destination to increase by 1 (0, 1, 2, …, N) after NFEC-TI data cells pass_IU－2，N_IU－1，0，1，…)。

The invention is not limited to

switches

1040, 1050 being at N_{FEC_TI}After the passage of each data unit, the position of the connection destination is shifted by 1, and other addition may be performed. In the latter case, the size of each FIFO register 1045 is adjusted. For example, when the

switches

1040 and 1050 are switched with one jump (that is, when the switch is first moved to the all-even positions 0, 2, 4, … and then moved to the all-

odd positions

1, 3, 5, …), the first N is connected to the switch_largeFirst N of switch 1040 associated with each interleave unit_largeEach FIFO register (Mi, j)1045 connected at a location needs to be (L)_(IU，min)+1)×N_{FEC_TI}Memory for storing data units. In connection with the rest of N_smallThe remaining N of the switch 1040 associated with one interleaved unit_smallFIFO registers (M) connected at a location_i，j)1045 is L_(IU，min)×N_{FEC_TI}Storage for memory data cellsA device. The advantage is that the code words extend over a larger time span.

All possible implementations and implementations described for

block interleavers

520, 520A, 520B, in particular, can be used for block interleaver 1020, regardless of which of the above-described block interleavers is used.

In the transmitter, FIFO registers (M)_i，j)1045 the size of which is equal to the original N_largeAssociated with each interleaving unit, i being 1, …, N _large1, j is 1, …, i is (L)_(IU，min)+1)×N_{FEC_TI}Memory data cell, and next N_smallAssociated with one interleaving unit, where i is N_large，···，N_IU-1, j-1, …, i is L_(IU，min)×N_{FEC_TI}A memory data unit.

A time deinterleaver 1100 corresponding to the time interleaver 1000 of fig. 10 reflects the function of the time interleaver 1000, and fig. 11 shows an example of the structure of the time deinterleaver 1100.

The time deinterleaver 1100 of fig. 11 includes a convolutional deinterleaver 1130 and a Block Deinterleaver (BDI)₁)1120, the convolutional deinterleaver 1130 includes a switch 1140, a plurality of FIFO registers 1145, and a switch 1150. In addition, the square blocks in the convolution deinterleaver 1130 in fig. 10 are FIFO registers 1145, respectively. In addition, positions i (0 to N) provided on the switch 1140 side_IU-2) and position i (0-N) on the side of switch 1050_IUThe FIFO register 1045 in the k-th branch from the switch 1140 to the switch 1150 in-2) is expressed as M'_i，i+k－1＝M’_i，j。

Here, the

switches

1140 and 1150 operate in correspondence with the

switches

1040 and 1050. That is, switches 1140 and 1150 are at N_FEC－TIAfter the passage of each data unit, the connection destination position is switched in the same order as the

switches

1040 and 1050. The considerations made above for block deinterleaver 720 apply equally to block deinterleaver 1120.

Dependent on N_cellsWhether or not it is N_IUInteger multiple of (1), FIFO register (M'_i，j)1145 size and FIFO register with transmitterMachine (M)_i，j)1045 the pairs of registers are different.

In particular, in N_cellsIs N_IUIn case of integer multiples of (N), all FIFO registers 1145 are the same size, i.e. N_cells/N_IU×N_{FEC_TI}。

As a general conclusion, in N_cellsIs not N_IUIn the case of an integer multiple of (d),

FIFO register M'_i，jFor i-0, …, N_large－1，j＝i，…，N_IU-2 is (L)_(IU，min)+1)×N_{FEC_TI}A unit of data of the memory is stored,

for i ═ N_large，…，N_IU－2，j＝i，…，N_IU-2 is L_(IU，min)×N_{FEC_TI}A memory data unit.

The block deinterleaver 1120 offsets the functionality of the block interleaver 1020, as discussed in block deinterleaver 720, by some implementation of the block deinterleaver described above, based on one block of RAM and its associated addressing scheme.

The entire communication scheme is known to face only the block interleaver and the block deinterleaver because the delay circuit is packed by the block interleaver and the block deinterleaver.

As proposed in the present embodiment, the outer row-column Block Interleaver (BI)₀)510 and a row-column Block Deinterleaver (BDI)₀) The elimination of 710 changes the transmission order of the transmitter shown in fig. 3C, but has the advantage of facilitating implementation and installation.

Fig. 9 shows an outline of simulation results comparing the performance of the time interleaver of DVB-NGH with the performance of the time interleaver 1000 of the present embodiment. In which fig. 9 is represented by an error curve for a signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR). As can be seen from FIG. 9, the performance of time interleaver 1000 does not pass through the outer row-column Block Interleaver (BI)₀)510 and a row-column Block Deinterleaver (BDI)₀)710 drop out, i.e. the error curve of the time interleaver for DVB-NGH crosses the time of the present embodimentThe error curves for the loom 1000 are substantially identical.

The resulting simulation shown in fig. 9 includes rayleigh burst erasure channels with fixed erasure bursts occurring during the center of the interleaved data units. This is in simulating the transfer of a wireless communication path with significant shielding. The disappearance rate (20%, 40%) is associated with the time interleaving depth of the time interleaver. Further, the simulation parameters are "modulation scheme: 256 non-uniform QAM "," LDPC code word length nltpc ═ 64800, coding rate 9/15 "," number of interleaving units: n is a radical of_IU15 "," code word number per 1 interleaving unit: n is a radical of_{FEC_Ti}8 "," interlace frame number: 30".

Some embodiments are described separately, but it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that they can be combined in order to arrive at alternative embodiments.

< supplement >

The communication method and the like according to the present invention will be summarized.

(1) The 1 st time interleaver is a time interleaver that performs time interleaving including convolutional interleaving on a plurality of data units, and the convolutional interleaver that performs convolutional interleaving includes: a1 st switch for switching a connection destination of an input of the convolutional interleaver to one end of any of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which interleaved data units are arranged; FIFO (first in, first out) memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except for one branch, the number of the branches being different from each other in the some; a 2 nd switch for switching a connection destination of an output of the convolutional interleaver to the other end of one of the plurality of branches; the 1 st switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed; the 2 nd switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed.

(2) A1 st time deinterleaver for performing time deinterleaving including convolutional deinterleaving on a plurality of data cells, the convolutional deinterleaver comprising: a1 st switch for switching a connection destination of an input of the convolutional deinterleaver to one end of any one of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which deinterleaved data units are arranged; FIFO (first in, first out) memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except for one branch, the number of the some branches being different from each other; a 2 nd switch for switching a connection destination of an output of the convolutional deinterleaver to the other end of one of the plurality of branches; the 1 st switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed; the 2 nd switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed.

(3) A1 st time interleaving method of time interleaving a plurality of data units, the time interleaving method including convolutional interleaving, a time interleaver that performs the time interleaving method including a convolutional interleaver that performs the convolutional interleaving; the convolutional interleaver includes: a1 st switch for switching a connection destination of an input of the convolutional interleaver to one end of any of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which interleaved data units are arranged; FIFO (first in, first out) memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except for one branch, the number of the branches being different from each other in the some; a 2 nd switch for switching a connection destination of an output of the convolutional interleaver to the other end of one of the plurality of branches; the 1 st switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed; the 2 nd switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed.

(4) A1 st time deinterleaving method for performing time deinterleaving including convolutional deinterleaving on a plurality of data units, the time deinterleaver performing the time deinterleaving method including a convolutional deinterleaver for performing the convolutional deinterleaving; the convolutional deinterleaver includes: a1 st switch for switching a connection destination of an input of the convolutional deinterleaver to one end of any one of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which deinterleaved data units are arranged; FIFO (first in, first out) memories provided in some of the plurality of branches except for one branch, the number of the some branches being different from each other; a 2 nd switch for switching a connection destination of an output of the convolutional deinterleaver to the other end of one of the plurality of branches; the 1 st switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed; the 2 nd switch switches the connection destination by sequentially repeating the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed.

Industrial applicability

The present invention can be used in a time interleaver that time-interleaves a plurality of data cells and a time deinterleaver corresponding to the time interleaver.

Description of the reference symbols

100 transmitter

110 input processing unit

120 BICM encoder

130 time interleaver

140 modulator

150 RF front end

160 antenna

310 delay unit

320 stacking unit

330 read-out unit

410 separation unit

420 depacketizing unit

430 delay unit

500 time interleaver

510 row-column block interleaver

520. 520A, 520B block interleaver

530 convolutional interleaver

540 switch

545-11, 545-21, 545-22 memory cells

550 switch

700 time deinterleaver

710 row-column block deinterleaver

720 block deinterleaver

730 convolutional deinterleaver

740 switch

745-01, 745-02, 745-11 memory cell

750 switch

1000 time interleaver

1020 Block interleaver

1030 convolutional interleaver

1040 switch

1045 FIFO register

1050 switch

1100 time deinterleaver

1120 Block deinterleaver

1130 convolution de-interleaver

1140 switch

1145 FIFO register

1150 switch

Claims

1. A convolutional interleaver that interleaves a plurality of data units, the convolutional interleaver comprising:

an input terminal to which the plurality of data cells are input from a block interleaver, the block interleaver including a matrix having N columns and used for block interleaving;

an output terminal that outputs the plurality of data units such that each of the plurality of data units is classified into one of M interleave units;

a convolution delay circuit, which is provided with M branches and a plurality of FIFO registers for delaying a plurality of data units, wherein the number of the FIFO registers arranged in the Mth branch is M '-1, M' is an integer from 1 to M, and the FIFO registers are first-in first-out registers;

a1 st switch disposed between the input terminal and the convolution delay circuit; and

a 2 nd switch disposed between the convolution delay circuit and the output terminal,

the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are respectively connected to the same branch of the M branches so that the input terminal and the output terminal are connected via the same branch,

when N data units are input to the input terminal during a period in which the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are connected to the L-th branch, respectively, the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are connected to the L +1 th branch or the 1 st branch, respectively, and L is an integer of 1 to M.

2. The convolutional interleaver of claim 1,

the M interleaving units are arranged in 1 frame provided with a plurality of data units.

3. A convolutional interleaving method for interleaving a plurality of data units, comprising:

a step of rearranging the plurality of data units with a matrix, the matrix being for block interleaving and having N columns;

after rearranging the plurality of data units, inputting the plurality of data units to a convolution delay circuit through a1 st switch, wherein the convolution delay circuit is provided with M branches and a plurality of FIFO registers for delaying the plurality of data units, the number of the plurality of FIFO registers arranged in the M ' th branch is M ' -1, M ' is an integer from 1 to M, and the FIFO registers are first-in first-out registers; and

a step of outputting the plurality of data units from the convolution delay circuit via a 2 nd switch so that each of the plurality of data units is classified into one of M interleave units,

the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are respectively connected with the same branch in the M branches,

when N data units are input to the convolution delay circuit in a period in which the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are connected to the L-th branch, respectively, the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are connected to the L +1 th branch or the 1 st branch, respectively, and L is an integer of 1 to M.

4. The convolutional interleaving method of claim 3,

5. A convolutional interleaver for performing convolutional interleaving, comprising:

a1 st switch that switches a1 st connection destination of an input terminal of the convolutional interleaver to one end of any one of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which interleaved data units are arranged;

a plurality of FIFO registers, which are arranged in a part of the branches other than the 1 st branch among the plurality of branches, and the number of which is different from each other among the plurality of branches, and an additional FIFO register is added to each branch at a lower level, the FIFO registers being first-in first-out registers; and

a 2 nd switch for switching a 2 nd connection destination of an output terminal of the convolutional interleaver to the other end of any one of the plurality of branches,

the 1 st switch switches the 1 st connection destination of the input terminal by repeatedly switching a branch corresponding to the 1 st connection destination in order among the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed,

the 2 nd switch switches the 2 nd connection destination of the output terminal by repeatedly switching a branch corresponding to the 2 nd connection destination in order among the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed,

the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are always directed to the same branch.

6. A convolutional deinterleaver for performing convolutional deinterleaving, comprising:

a1 st switch that switches a1 st connection destination of an input terminal of the convolutional deinterleaver to one end of any one of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which deinterleaved data units are arranged;

a 2 nd switch for switching a 2 nd connection destination of an output terminal of the convolutional deinterleaver to the other end of any one of the plurality of branches,

the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are always directed to the same branch.

7. A convolutional interleaving method, comprising:

switching a1 st connection destination of an input terminal of a convolutional interleaver to one end of one of a plurality of branches equal in number to interleaving units in which interleaved data units are arranged, by a1 st switch;

a step of setting a plurality of FIFO registers in the plurality of branches except for the 1 st branch, wherein the number of the plurality of FIFO registers is different from each other among the plurality of branches, and additional FIFO registers are added in each branch at the lower level, and the FIFO registers are first-in first-out registers; and

a step of switching a 2 nd connection destination of an output terminal of the convolutional interleaver to the other end of any one of the plurality of branches by a 2 nd switch,

in the switching by the 1 st switch, the 1 st switch switches the 1 st connection destination of the input terminal by repeatedly switching a branch corresponding to the 1 st connection destination in order among the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed,

in the switching by the 2 nd switch, the 2 nd switch switches the 2 nd connection destination of the output terminal by repeatedly switching a branch corresponding to the 2 nd connection destination in order among the plurality of branches when a plurality of data units equal to the number of codewords per 1 frame have passed,

the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are always directed to the same branch.

8. A convolutional deinterleaving method, comprising:

switching a1 st connection destination of an input terminal of a convolutional deinterleaver to one end of any one of a plurality of branches equal to the number of interleaving units in which deinterleaved data units are arranged, by a1 st switch;

a step of switching a 2 nd connection destination of an output terminal of the convolutional deinterleaver to the other end of any one of the plurality of branches by a 2 nd switch,

the 1 st switch and the 2 nd switch are always directed to the same branch.