CN112117547A - Voltage regulation electromagnetic induction transparent resonance controller - Google Patents
Voltage regulation electromagnetic induction transparent resonance controller Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage regulation electromagnetic induction transparent resonance controller, belongs to the application field of slow light effect, and aims to solve the problem that the regulation mode of double transparent windows is relatively single. The graphene resonance device comprises three graphene resonance units, wherein a first graphene resonance unit and a third graphene resonance unit are arranged on the upper surface of a polyimide film in a coplanar manner, a second graphene resonance unit is arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film, and ionic gel is filled between the lower surface of the polyimide film and a silicon substrate; the whole frequency translation of the window and the switching of the double-transparent window, the single-transparent window and the non-transparent window are realized by respectively adjusting the electric potential energy of the three graphene resonance units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the application field of slow light effect, and relates to a technology for adjusting a double-transparent-window resonator.
Background
Currently, active adjustable technology research on Electromagnetically Induced Transparent (EIT) metamaterials mainly focuses on adjustment of parameters such as amplitude, frequency and bandwidth of a single transparent window, while active adjustable research on adjustment of double transparent windows, especially adjustment of double transparent windows into a single transparent window, and even disappearance of transparent windows, is very little, which is disadvantageous for practical application of multichannel slow light effect. The resonator with double transparent windows can be generated by adopting three resonant units to perform near-field coupling, such as bright-bright mode coupling resonance.
Graphene is known as a good platform for actively adjusting EIT metamaterial due to the fact that the electric potential energy of graphene can be changed by changing the doping concentration of graphene or applying voltage. The voltage-regulated graphene potential energy has practical value compared with a method for changing the doping concentration. The electric potential energy of the graphene and the applied gate voltage meet
Wherein: e is the number of electron charges;
is a reduced Planck constant; v. off≈106m/s is the Fermi velocity; t is tdAnddis the thickness and relative permittivity of the substrate;0dielectric constant in vacuum; v is the voltage applied to the gate.
The existing double-transparent window is relatively single in adjusting mode, and voltage adjustment is carried out on the three graphene resonance units integrally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the adjusting mode of a double-transparent window is single relatively, and provides a voltage-adjusting electromagnetic induction transparent resonant controller.
The voltage regulation electromagnetic induction transparent resonance controller comprises three graphene resonance units, wherein the first graphene resonance unit and the third graphene resonance unit are arranged on the upper surface of a polyimide film in a coplanar manner, the second graphene resonance unit is arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film, and ionic gel is filled between the lower surface of the polyimide film and a silicon substrate;
the whole frequency translation of the window and the switching of the double-transparent window, the single-transparent window and the non-transparent window are realized by respectively adjusting the electric potential energy of the three graphene resonance units.
Preferably, the first graphene resonance unit and the third graphene resonance unit are n respectively, and are arranged on the upper surface of the polyimide film in parallel in pairs, and the second graphene resonance unit is n, is arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film, and is located between the first graphene resonance unit and the third graphene resonance unit.
Preferably, the first graphene resonance unit includes a first graphene strip 11 and m first graphene nanoribbons 1, where the m first graphene nanoribbons 1 are connected to the first graphene strip 11 at equal intervals; the second graphene resonance unit comprises m second graphene nanoribbons 2, and the m second graphene nanoribbons 2 are equidistantly arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film; the third graphene resonance unit comprises a third graphene strip 33 and m third graphene nanoribbons 3, wherein the m third graphene nanoribbons 3 are equidistantly connected to the third graphene strip 33 at the same time.
Preferably, a first electrode 4 is plated on one end of each of the n first graphene strips 11, and a first adjustable power supply V is arranged between the first electrode 4 and the polyimide filmG1And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the first graphene resonance unit.
Preferably, a third electrode 5 is plated on one end of each of the n third graphene strips 33, and a third adjustable power supply V is arranged between the third electrode 5 and the polyimide filmG3And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the third graphene resonance unit.
Preferably, the ion gel surface is plated with a second electrode 6, and a second adjustable power supply V is arranged between the second electrode 6 and the silicon substrateG2And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the second graphene resonance unit.
Preferably, the three graphene resonance units are periodic structures of an n × m array, each structural unit includes 1 first graphene nanoribbon 1, 1 second graphene nanoribbon 2 and 1 third graphene nanoribbon 3, the first graphene nanoribbon 1 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 are arranged oppositely, the second graphene nanoribbon 2 is arranged between the first graphene nanoribbon 1 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3, and the first graphene nanoribbon 11 and the third graphene nanoribbon 33 connected to the first graphene nanoribbon 1 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 are located at edges of the periodic structures.
Preferably, the length P of the structural unit in the x-directionxWidth P of the building block in y-direction, 28 μmy18 μm, x-direction length L of first graphene nanoribbon 11X-direction length L of the second graphene nanoribbon 2 ═ 9.5 μm212 μm, x-direction length L of third graphene nanoribbon 3315.8 μm, three groups of stonesThe graphene nanoribbons have the same y-direction width W of 2 μm and a y-direction distance d of 3 μm from each other, and the first graphene nanoribbon 1 is spaced from the left boundary of the structural unit by a distance S1 Second graphene nanoribbon 2 left boundary distance S of 7.25 μm2Distance S between the 12 μm third graphene nanoribbon 3 and the left boundary of the structural unit3＝3.6μm；
The first graphene strip 11 and the third graphene strip 33 are separated from the upper and lower boundary distances d 01 μm, the y-direction width W of the first graphene strip 11 and the third graphene strip 330＝1μm。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention enriches and initiatively regulates EIT phenomenon, expands the application field of slow light effect, designs an EIT metamaterial coupled in a bright-bright mode based on graphene, independently applies voltage regulation to three graphene resonance units in a double-transparent window, realizes the integral frequency translation of the window by regulating three independent voltages, more importantly, can realize the selective regulation from the double-transparent window to a single-transparent window, even realize the phenomenon that the transparent window disappears, and switches between three states of the double-transparent window, the single-transparent window and the non-transparent window.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3 at A, showing a periodic structure;
FIG. 5 is EF1＝EF2＝EF3The transmission spectrum of the structure at 0.40 eV;
FIG. 6 is EF1＝EF2＝EF3The group delay curve of the structure at 0.40 eV;
FIG. 7 is EF1、EF2And EF3Transmitting the spectrum for the same adjustment value;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a single transparent window adjustment, wherein FIG. 8(a) is Retention EF1And EF2Unchanged, adjust EF3FIG. 8(b) is a schematic view ofSupport EF2And EF3Unchanged, adjust EF1；
Fig. 9 is a transmission spectrum when two transparent windows are adjusted simultaneously.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and the voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller according to the present embodiment includes three graphene resonant units, where a first graphene resonant unit and a third graphene resonant unit are disposed on an upper surface of a polyimide film in a coplanar manner, a second graphene resonant unit is disposed on a lower surface of the polyimide film, and an ionic gel is filled between the lower surface of the polyimide film and a silicon substrate;
the whole frequency translation of the window and the switching of the double-transparent window, the single-transparent window and the non-transparent window are realized by respectively adjusting the electric potential energy of the three graphene resonance units.
Referring to fig. 1, the three-layer structure of the silicon substrate, the ionic gel and the polyimide film is sequentially arranged from bottom to top, a first graphene resonance unit and a third graphene resonance unit are arranged on the upper surface of the polyimide film in a coplanar manner, a second graphene resonance unit is arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film, the second graphene resonance unit is not coplanar with the first graphene resonance unit and the third graphene resonance unit, and for better explaining the position relationship, a coordinate system as shown in the figure is established.
The ionic gel is: the polymer is formed by compounding polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (P (VDF-HFP)) and ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide) ([ EMI ] [ TFSA ]).
Filling of ionic gels for achieving voltage VG2And adjusting the electric potential energy of the second graphene resonance unit, fixing the second graphene resonance unit, and enabling a physical distance to exist between the second graphene resonance unit and the silicon substrate. The width of the ionic gel in the y direction is larger than that of the polyimide film, and is used for plating the second electrode 6.
Each n of first graphite alkene resonance unit and third graphite alkene resonance unit, parallel arrangement in polyimide film upper surface in pairs, second graphite alkene resonance unit is n, sets up in polyimide film lower surface, and is located between first graphite alkene resonance unit and the third graphite alkene resonance unit.
The first graphene resonance unit comprises a first graphene strip 11 and m first graphene nanoribbons 1, wherein the m first graphene nanoribbons 1 are connected to the first graphene strip 11 at equal intervals; the second graphene resonance unit comprises m second graphene nanoribbons 2, and the m second graphene nanoribbons 2 are equidistantly arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film; the third graphene resonance unit comprises a third graphene strip 33 and m third graphene nanoribbons 3, wherein the m third graphene nanoribbons 3 are equidistantly connected to the third graphene strip 33 at the same time.
A first electrode 4 is plated on one end of each of the n first graphene strips 11, and a first adjustable power supply V is arranged between each first electrode 4 and the polyimide filmG1And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the first graphene resonance unit.
A third electrode 5 is plated on one end of the n third graphene strips 33, and a third adjustable power supply V is arranged between the third electrode 5 and the polyimide filmG3And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the third graphene resonance unit.
The surface of the ionic gel is plated with a second electrode 6, and a second adjustable power supply V is arranged between the second electrode 6 and the silicon substrateG2And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the second graphene resonance unit.
Three electric potentials can pass through VG1、VG2、VG3The voltage regulation is performed separately.
The three graphene resonance units are of a periodic structure of an n x m array, each structural unit comprises 1 first graphene nanoribbon 1, 1 second graphene nanoribbon 2 and 1 third graphene nanoribbon 3, the first graphene nanoribbon 1 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 are arranged oppositely, the second graphene nanoribbon 2 is arranged between the first graphene nanoribbon 1 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3, and the first graphene nanoribbon 11 and the third graphene nanoribbon 33 connected with the first graphene nanoribbon 1 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 are located at the edge of the periodic structure.
One specific example is given below:
length P of structural unit along x directionxWidth P of the building block in y-direction, 28 μmy18 μm, x-direction length L of first graphene nanoribbon 11X-direction length L of the second graphene nanoribbon 2 ═ 9.5 μm212 μm, x-direction length L of third graphene nanoribbon 3315.8 μm, three groups of graphene nanoribbons have the same y-direction width W of 2 μm and a y-direction distance d of 3 μm from each other, and the first graphene nanoribbon 1 is spaced from the left boundary of the structural unit by a distance S1 Second graphene nanoribbon 2 left boundary distance S of 7.25 μm2Distance S between the 12 μm third graphene nanoribbon 3 and the left boundary of the structural unit3＝3.6μm；
The first graphene strip 11 and the third graphene strip 33 are separated from the upper and lower boundary distances d 01 μm, the y-direction width W of the first graphene strip 11 and the third graphene strip 330＝1μm。
The electromagnetic induction transparent metamaterial is in a bright-bright coupling mode, and incident electromagnetic waves with the polarization direction of the x direction are vertically incident to the surface of the structure along the z direction (as shown in fig. 3). The bright-bright coupling mode refers to the phenomenon that under the action of the current incident electromagnetic wave, the first graphene nanoribbon 1, the second graphene nanoribbon 2 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 can be excited to generate resonance, but due to the fact that the sizes of the first graphene nanoribbon 1, the second graphene nanoribbon 2 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 are different, the resonance frequencies are different, and the bright-bright coupling mode condition is met.
EF1、EF2And EF2Respectively representing the electric potential energy of the first graphene nanoribbon 1, the second graphene nanoribbon 2 and the third graphene nanoribbon 3 when E isF1＝EF2＝EF2Polarization direction at 0.40eVWhen an incident electromagnetic wave in the x direction is vertically incident on the surface of the structure along the z direction, two obvious transparent peaks can be observed in the 0.6 to 1.6THz wave band, as shown in FIG. 5. Wherein the clear peak I is 0.993THz, the clear peak II is 1.207THz, the valley point I is 0.913THz, the valley point II is 1.110THz and the valley point III is 1.323 THz. FIG. 6 is EF1＝EF2＝EF2The group delay curves for this structure at 0.40eV, where the group delay for clear peak I and clear peak II are 2.553ps and 2.368ps, respectively.
FIG. 7 is EF1、EF2And EF2For the same value, while increasing from 0.30eV to 0.50eV, the corresponding transmission spectrum, as can be seen from FIG. 7, the two transparent windows are blue-shifted in overall frequency (blue shift), the transparent peaks I and II are increased from 0.870THz and 1.055THz to 1.103THz and 1.348THz, respectively, and the frequency modulation depth (f)mod,fmod＝Δf/fmax) 21.1% and 21.7%, respectively.
The structure can realize the translation of the whole transparent window and the adjustment of the single transparent window besides the voltage control, and the figure 8 is EF2Using the voltage V of 0.40eVG1Or VG3Control EF1Or EF3Adjustment of a transparent window is achieved. When E is shown in FIG. 8(a)F1And EF2Fixed at 0.40eV, and EF3When the voltage is increased from 0.40eV to 0.62eV, the bandwidth and amplitude of the transparent window I are reduced, and the frequency of the transparent peak I is blue-shifted, in particular EF3At 0.62eV, the clearing peak I disappeared; when E isF2And EF3Fixed at 0.40eV, and EF1When the voltage is reduced from 0.40eV to 0.27eV, as shown in FIG. 8(b), the bandwidth and amplitude of the transparent window II are reduced, and the frequency of the transparent peak II is red-shifted (red shift) when E is measuredF1At 0.27eV, the transparent window II disappeared. A single transparent window may also be similarly adjusted as the transparent window is translated in its entirety to other frequencies.
Two transparent windows of the structure can be adjusted simultaneously, and figure 9 is EF2Fixed at 0.40eV, EF3And EF1The transmission spectrum adjusted from 0.40eV to 0.59eV and 0.21eV respectively, in the process, the bandwidth and amplitude of the transparent window I, II are small, especially when E isF30.62eV and EF1At 0.21eV, both transparent windows disappear, and the transmission spectrum resonates at 1.143 THz. Therefore, the structure can realize the active adjustable phenomenon of double transparent windows → single transparent window → no transparent window, and can switch between three states.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A voltage regulation electromagnetic induction transparent resonance controller is characterized by comprising three graphene resonance units, wherein the first graphene resonance unit and the third graphene resonance unit are arranged on the upper surface of a polyimide film in a coplanar manner, the second graphene resonance unit is arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film, and ionic gel is filled between the lower surface of the polyimide film and a silicon substrate;
the whole frequency translation of the window and the switching of the double-transparent window, the single-transparent window and the non-transparent window are realized by respectively adjusting the electric potential energy of the three graphene resonance units.
2. The voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein n first graphene resonant units and n third graphene resonant units are arranged in parallel in pairs on the upper surface of the polyimide film, and n second graphene resonant units are arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film and located between the first graphene resonant unit and the third graphene resonant unit.
3. The voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller according to claim 2, wherein the first graphene resonant unit comprises a first graphene strip (11), m first graphene nanoribbons (1), and the m first graphene nanoribbons (1) are connected to the first graphene strip (11) at equal intervals; the second graphene resonance unit comprises m second graphene nanoribbons (2), and the m second graphene nanoribbons (2) are equidistantly arranged on the lower surface of the polyimide film; the third graphene resonance unit comprises a third graphene strip (33) and m third graphene nanoribbons (3), wherein the m third graphene nanoribbons (3) are equidistantly and simultaneously connected to the third graphene strip (33).
4. A voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller as claimed in claim 3, wherein the n first graphene strips (11) are co-plated with a first electrode (4) at one end, and a first adjustable power supply V is disposed between the first electrode (4) and the polyimide filmG1And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the first graphene resonance unit.
5. The transparent voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced resonant controller according to claim 3, wherein a third electrode (5) is commonly plated on one end of the n third graphene strips (33), and a third adjustable power supply V is disposed between the third electrode (5) and the polyimide filmG3And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the third graphene resonance unit.
6. A voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ion gel is coated with a second electrode (6), and a second adjustable power supply V is disposed between the second electrode (6) and the silicon substrateG2And the voltage regulator is used for regulating the electric potential energy of the second graphene resonance unit.
7. The voltage-regulated electromagnetically-induced transparent resonant controller according to claim 3, wherein the three graphene resonant units are of a periodic structure of n × m array, each structural unit comprises 1 first graphene nanoribbon (1), 1 second graphene nanoribbon (2) and 1 third graphene nanoribbon (3), the first graphene nanoribbon (1) and the third graphene nanoribbon (3) are oppositely arranged, the second graphene nanoribbon (2) is arranged between the first graphene nanoribbon (1) and the third graphene nanoribbon (3), and the first graphene ribbon (11) and the third graphene ribbon (33) connected with the first graphene nanoribbon (1) and the third graphene nanoribbon (3) are located at the edge of the periodic structure.
8. A voltage regulating electromagnetically induced transparent resonant controller as claimed in claim 7, wherein the structural unit has a length P in the x-directionxWidth P of the building block in y-direction, 28 μmy18 μm, x-direction length L of the first graphene nanoribbon (1)19.5 μm, length L of the second graphene nanoribbon (2) in x-direction212 μm, x-direction length L of third graphene nanoribbon (3)315.8 μm, three groups of graphene nanoribbons have the same y-direction width W of 2 μm and a y-direction distance d of 3 μm from each other, the first graphene nanoribbon (1) being separated from the left boundary of the structural unit by a distance S1(7.25) m, the second graphene nanoribbon (2) is at a distance S from the left boundary of the building block2Distance S between third graphene nanoribbon (3) with the size of 12 mu m and left boundary of structural unit3＝3.6μm；
The first graphene strip (11) and the third graphene strip (33) are separated from the upper boundary and the lower boundary by a distance d01 [ mu ] m, the y-direction width W of the first graphene band (11) and the third graphene band (33)0＝1μm。
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