CN112110986B - 6-乙酰rgd巯基嘌呤,其合成,与顺铂联用的活性和应用 - Google Patents
6-乙酰rgd巯基嘌呤,其合成,与顺铂联用的活性和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
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- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤,涉及它们的制备方法,涉及它们与顺铂联用降低顺铂肾毒性的作用。因而本发明涉及它们与顺铂联合在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。本发明属于生物医药领域。
背景技术
6-巯基嘌呤是临床治疗儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病的常用药物。不过,也用于治疗绒毛膜上皮癌。然而,一些毒副作用限制了6-巯基嘌呤的临床应用。例如6-巯基嘌呤的骨髓抑制作用较严重,半衰期较短,以及剂量较大。虽然在过去的几十年里有大量研究试图克服6-巯基嘌呤的这些缺点,但是没有明显成效。发明人经过数年探索发现用CH2CO-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA(式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基)修饰6-巯基嘌呤的6-SH,可消除6-巯基嘌呤的骨髓抑制作用,延长半衰期以及降低剂量。顺铂是一种广谱抗癌药物,对多种实体瘤都具有良好的疗效。顺铂可以铂的形态在体内蓄积而导致诸多毒性,例如肾毒性。虽然在过去的几十年里有大量研究试图克服顺铂的肾毒性,但是没有明显成效。发明人经过数年探索发现用CH2CO-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA(式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基)修饰6-巯基嘌呤的6-SH,可消除6-巯基嘌呤的骨髓抑制作用,延长半衰期以及降低剂量。发明人进一步发现CH2CO-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA(式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基)修饰6-巯基嘌呤的6-SH得到的衍生物与顺铂联合使用,可以进一步降低顺铂的肾毒性等副作用。根据这些发现,发明人提出了本发明。
发明内容
本发明的第一个内容是提供6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基。
本发明的第二个内容是提供6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基,的制备方法,该方法包括:
1.合成6-乙酰-O-乙基巯基嘌呤;
2.合成6-羧甲基巯基嘌呤;
3.采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-OBzl;
4.将Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-OBzl脱保护基制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly;
5.采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,制备Boc-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基;
6.将Boc-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl脱保护基制备Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基;
7.采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基;
8.将Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl脱保护基制备Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基;
9.采用苯并三氮唑-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸脂为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,将6-(羧甲基巯基)嘌呤与Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl(式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基)缩合,制备6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤、6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤、6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤;
10.将6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤、6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤、6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤脱保护基制备6-乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基嘌呤,式中AA为Phe,Val和Ser残基。
本发明的第三个内容是评价6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤与顺铂联合使用的抗肿瘤作用。
附图说明
图1.6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤的合成路线.i)二甲基甲酰胺,K2CO3,溴乙酸乙酯,75℃;ii)CH3OH,2N NaOH水溶液;iii)二甲基甲酰胺,二环己基碳二亚胺,1-羟基苯并三唑,N-甲基吗啉;iv)4N盐酸乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃;v)二甲基甲酰胺,苯并三氮唑-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸脂,1-羟基苯并三唑,N-甲基吗啉;vi)三氟乙酸,三氟甲磺酸。3a和4a中AA为Phe残基;3b和4b中AA为Ser残基;3c和4c中AA为Val残基。
具体实施方式
为了进一步阐述本发明,下面给出一系列实施例。这些实施例完全是例证性的,它们仅用来对本发明进行具体描述,不应当理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1制备6-(乙酰-O-乙基巯基)嘌呤(1)
向2.070g(13.60mmol)6-巯基嘌呤中加入50mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,65℃搅拌至6-巯基嘌呤完全溶解,溶液呈黄色,澄清透明。加入2.250g(16.32mmol)K2CO3作为催化剂,搅拌30min,加1.80mL(16.32mmol)溴乙酸乙酯,继续于65℃反应。24h后TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/2)显示6-巯基嘌呤消失,反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩。得到的橘黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/1),得到2.360g(72%)标题化合物,为无色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):239[M+H]+;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=13.651(s,1H),8.503(s,1H),8.499(s,1H),4.175(q,J=7.8Hz,2H),4.036(dd,J1=12.0Hz,J2=5.4Hz,1H),1.254(t,J=7.8Hz,3H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=167.90,166.65,150.88,150.34,149.51,132.67,60.60,31.14,14.11。
实施例2制备6-(羧甲基巯基)嘌呤(2)
将0.310g(1.30mmol)6-(乙酰-O-乙基巯基)嘌呤(1)用10mL甲醇完全溶解,溶液澄清透明。该溶液于0℃用2N NaOH水溶液调pH至13,0℃搅拌4h后TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/2)监测反应完全。反应液用饱和KHSO4水溶液调pH至7,减压浓缩,有无色盐固体析出,加5mL水使固体完全溶解。该溶液于0℃用饱和KHSO4水溶液调pH至2,静置使固体充分析出,过滤,滤渣用蒸馏水洗,室温放置使其自然干燥,得到0.245g(89%)标题化合物,为无色固体。ESI-MS(m/e):209[M-H]+;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=13.650(s,1H),12.844(s,1H),8.506(s,1H),8.492(s,1H),4.033(dd,J1=12.0Hz,J2=5.4Hz,1H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=171.00,166.53,150.89,150.34,149.55,132.60,32.07。
实施例3制备Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl
将1.660g(5.00mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)用30mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加入0.675g(5.00mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加1.130g(5.50mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将2.360g(5.50mmol)Phe-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=40/1)显示反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),得到的乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到的黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=6/1),得到2.650g(93%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):561[M+H]+。
实施例4制备Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
将1.660g(5.00mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)用30mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加0.675g(5.00mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入1.130g(5.50mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将1.910g(5.50mmol)Val-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)显示反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),得到的乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4/1),得到2.375g(91%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):513[M+H]+。
实施例5制备Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl
将1.660g(5.00mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)用30mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加入0.675g(5.00mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入1.130g(5.50mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将2.360g(5.50mmol)Ser-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)显示反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),得到的乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到的黄色油状物用40mL石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1的混合溶剂在温水浴下搅拌溶解,静置使无色固体充分析出,过滤,自然干燥得到2.273g(89%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):511[M+H]+。
实施例6制备Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl
于0℃下向0.800g(1.43mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl中加入8mL 4N氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃搅拌4h后TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)监测反应完全。抽干反应液,加10mL干燥乙酸乙酯,抽干,重复3次;加无水乙醚,抽干,重复3次。得到0.706g(99%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):462[M+H]+。
实施例7制备Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
于0℃下向2.374g(4.64mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl中加入23mL 4N氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃搅拌4h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)监测反应完全。抽干反应液,加20mL干燥乙酸乙酯,抽干,重复3次;加无水乙醚,抽干,重复3次。得到2.008g(96%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):412[M+H]+。
实施例8制备Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl
于0℃下向1.890g(3.70mmol)Boc-Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl中加入19mL 4N氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃搅拌4h后TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)监测反应完全。抽干反应液,加入20mL干燥乙酸乙酯,抽干,重复3次;加无水乙醚,抽干,重复3次。得到1.620g(98%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):401[M+H]+。
实施例9制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-OBzl
将6.380g(20.00mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)用50mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加入2.700g(20.00mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入4.540g(22.00mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将6.740g(22.00mmol)Gly-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)监测反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),得到的乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,将得到的黄色油状物用10mL二氯甲烷完全溶解,静置过夜使无色固体充分析出。过滤,自然干燥得到8.720g(93%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):467[M+H]+。
实施例10制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly
将0.466g(1.00mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-OBzl用20mL甲醇溶解,该溶液于0℃下用2N NaOH水溶液调pH至12,0℃搅拌4h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)监测反应完全。反应液用饱和KHSO4水溶液调pH至7,减压浓缩,有无色盐固体析出。加5mL水使固体完全溶解。该溶液用饱和KHSO4水溶液调pH至2,用乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×3),将乙酸乙酯合并后用饱和NaCl水溶液洗(20mL×3),乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到0.318g(84%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):377[M+H]+。
实施例11制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl
将0.376g(1.00mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly用20mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加入0.148g(1.00mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入0.247g(1.20mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将0.500g(1.20mmol)Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=15/1)监测反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用50mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),得到的乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到的黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷/甲醇=40/1),得到0.530g(64%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):819[M+H]+。
实施例12制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
将0.800g(2.13mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly用50mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加入0.316g(2.13mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入0.482g(2.34mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将1.000g(2.34mmol)Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=15/1)监测反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到的黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷/甲醇=35/1),得到0.840g(50%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):771[M+H]+。
实施例13制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl
将1.340g(3.56mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly用100mL无水四氢呋喃溶解,于0℃下加入0.529g(3.56mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入0.807g(3.92mmol)二环己基碳二亚胺,搅拌30min。将1.590g(3.92mmol)Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)监测反应完全。反应液过滤,滤液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,滤去不溶物,滤液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),得到的乙酸乙酯相用无水硫酸钠干燥12h。过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得到的黄色油状物用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷/甲醇=30/1),得到1.380g(65%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):769[M+H]+。
实施例14制备Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl
于0℃下向0.530g(0.65mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl中加入5.3mL4N氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃搅拌4h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=15/1)监测反应完全。抽干反应液,加入10mL干燥乙酸乙酯,抽干,重复3次;加入无水乙醚,抽干,重复3次。得到0.456g(93%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):719[M+H]+。
实施例15制备Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl
于0℃下向0.840g(1.09mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl中加入8.4mL4N氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃搅拌4h后,TLC(乙酸乙酯/水/冰醋酸=8/1/1)监测反应完全。抽干反应液,加入15mL干燥乙酸乙酯,抽干,重复3次;加无水乙醚,抽干,重复3次。得到0.760g(99%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):671[M+H]+。
实施例16制备Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl
于0℃下向0.395g(0.51mmol)Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl中加入4mL4N氯化氢的乙酸乙酯溶液,0℃下搅拌4h后用TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=15/1)监测反应完全。抽干反应液,加入5mL干燥乙酸乙酯,抽干,重复3次;加入无水乙醚,抽干,重复3次。得到0.350g(96%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):669[M+H]+。
实施例17制备6-[乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe(OBzl)-巯基]嘌呤(3a)
将0.630g(3.00mmol)6-(羧甲基巯基)嘌呤(2)用10mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解,于0℃下加入0.405g(3.00mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入1.310g(3.30mmol)苯并三氮唑-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸脂,搅拌30min。将2.490g(3.30mmol)Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)监测反应完全。反应液减压浓缩,得到的棕红色油状液体用100mL二氯甲烷/甲醇溶解,静置使固体充分析出,过滤,滤渣用二氯甲烷、甲醇洗,自然干燥得到1.290g(47%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):910[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=13.555(s,1H),8.634(s,1H),8.502~8.390(m,4H),8.255~8.197(m,2H),7.345~7.191(m,15H),5.040(s,4H),4.708(s,1H),4.470(m,1H),4.306(s,1H),4.207~4.111(dd,J1=16.2Hz,J2=12.6Hz,2H),3.774~3.672(dd,J1=14.1Hz,J2=12.6Hz,2H),3.134~2.999(m,4H),2.733~2.579(m,2H),1.173~1.143(m,4H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=172.01,171.40,170.78,170.20,169.00,168.04,159.75,151.77,149.73,143.51,137.30,136.46,136.10,129.55,128.82,128.80,128.73,128.47,128.40,128.31,127.03,66.52 66.17,54.34,53.17,49.48,49.06,42.34,36.99,36.72,32.46,29.71。
实施例18制备6-[乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val(OBzl)-巯基]嘌呤(3c)
将0.286g(1.36mmol)6-(羧甲基巯基)嘌呤(2)用10mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解,于0℃下加入0.221g(1.36mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入0.594g(1.50mmol)苯并三氮唑-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸脂,搅拌30min。将1.160g(1.50mmol)Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Val-OBzl于0℃下加入向反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)监测反应完全。反应液减压浓缩,残留物用硅胶柱层析纯化(二氯甲烷/甲醇=9/1),得到0.550g(47%)标题化合物。
ESI-MS(m/e):861[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=13.552(s,1H),8.641(s,1H),8.589(m,2H),8.487(m,2H),8.447~8.364(m,1H),7.552~7.349(m,10H),5.114~5.080(d,J=10.2Hz,4H),4.764(m,1H),4.292(m,1H),4.169~4.126(m,3H),3.714~3.639(m,2H),3.128(m,2H),2.892~2.732(m,4H),2.047(m,1H),1.837~1.522(m,4H),0.844~0.825(d,J=5.7Hz,6H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ/ppm=172.00,171.47,171.01,170.24,169.19,151.78,136.47,136.27,128.85,128.55,128.48,128.41,128.31,66.41,66.16,58.13,49.57,36.59,30.25,19.32,18.55。
实施例19制备6-[乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser(OBzl)-巯基]嘌呤(3b)
将0.108g(0.51mmol)6-(羧甲基巯基)嘌呤(2)用10mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶解,于0℃下加入0.076g(0.51mmol)1-羟基苯并三唑,搅拌10min后加入0.240g(0.56mmol)苯并三氮唑-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸脂,搅拌30min。将0.394g(0.56mmol)Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser-OBzl于0℃下加入反应液中,用N-甲基吗啉调节反应混合物pH至9,室温搅拌12h后TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=7/1)监测反应完全。反应液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL二氯甲烷/甲醇溶解,过滤,滤渣用二氯甲烷、甲醇洗,自然干燥得到0.168g(38%)标题化合物。ESI-MS(m/e):849[M-H]-,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=13.551(s,1H),8.647(s,1H),8.490~8.465(s,2H),8.449(s,1H),8.293~8.233(m,4H),7.955(m,10H),5.115~5.079(d,J=10.8Hz,4H),5.028(m,1H),4.791~4.773(m,1H),4.391(m,1H),4.367(m,1H),4.215~4.076(dd,J1=15.0Hz,J2=11.7Hz,2H),3.739~3.647(m,4H),3.127(m,2H),2.963~2.891(m,1H),2.793~2.690(m,2H),1.708~1.532(m,4H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=172.09,170.94,170.59,170.27,169.07,168.03,151.79,136.49,136.37,128.82,128.40,128.30,128.08,66.42,66.15,61.56,55.46,29.69。
实施例20制备6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-Phe-巯基)嘌呤(4a)
于0℃下将0.100g(0.11mmol)化合物3a用1mL三氟醋酸完全溶解,溶液变黄,加入0.3mL三氟甲磺酸,0℃反应1h后,反应液抽气30min。于0℃下加入预冷的无水乙醚70mL,搅拌使无色固体充分析出,静置,弃去上清液,重复3次,抽干乙醚。得到的淡黄色固体于0℃下用2mL蒸馏水溶解。该溶液用10%氨水调pH至8,过滤,滤液使用RP-C18柱层析纯化(40%甲醇水溶液),馏分冷冻干燥。合并得到的无色固体,共0.022g(30%)标题化合物。FT-MS(m/e):684.24[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=10.077(s,1H),8.771~8.749(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),8.665(s,1H),8.521~8.496(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),8.467(s,1H),8.321(s,1H),7.348~7.325(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.218~7.159(m,5H),6.994(s,2H),4.390~4.366(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.306~4.294(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.201~4.149(m,2H),4.090(s,1H),3.864~3.793(m,2H),3.641~2.992(m,4H),1.901~1.493(m,4H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ/ppm=174.30,173.77,172.18,170.52,169.05,167.84,157.72,151.78,144.03,138.53,129.77,128.97,128.68,128.35,126.44,54.79,52.95,50.54,42.84,37.71,37.04,32.42,30.18,24.48。
实施例21制备6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-Val-巯基)嘌呤(4c)
于0℃下将0.100g(0.12mmol)化合物3c用1mL三氟乙酸溶解,加入0.3mL三氟甲磺酸,0℃反应1h后TLC(乙酸乙酯/水/冰醋酸=3/1/1)监测反应完全。反应液抽气30min,于0℃下加入70mL预冷的无水乙醚,搅拌10min使无色固体充分析出,静置,弃去上清液,重复3次,抽干乙醚。得到的黄色固体于0℃下用2mL蒸馏水溶解,该溶液用10%氨水调pH至8,过滤,滤液用RP-C18柱层析纯化(40%甲醇水溶液),馏分冷冻干燥。合并得到的淡黄色固体,共0.042g(61%)标题化合物。FT-MS(m/e):636.25[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,D2O):δ/ppm=8.601(s,1H),8.350(s,1H),4.505(m,1H),4.303(m,1H),4.210~4.160(m,1H),3.963(m,2H),3.941~3.800(dd,J1=6.6Hz,J2=2.4Hz,2H),3.256(m,1H),2.932(m,2H),2.670~2.478(m,2H),2.011~1.944(m,1H),1.807~1.583(m,2H),1.323~1.275(m,2H),0.774~0.726(d,J=7.2Hz,6H);13C-NMR(75MHz,D2O):δ/ppm=175.89,174.00,172.65,170.56,168.84,167.84,157.85,157.36,151.61,151.25,144.48,129.61,58.64,52.87,50.62,49.06,42.81,37.94,32.33,31.32,30.79,24.76,19.65,18.24。
实施例22制备6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-巯基)嘌呤(4b)
于0℃下将0.122g(0.14mmol)化合物3b用1mL三氟醋酸溶解,加入0.3mL三氟甲磺酸,0℃反应1h后,反应液抽气30min。于0℃下加入预冷的无水乙醚70mL,搅拌10min使无色固体充分析出,静置,弃去上清液,重复3次,抽干乙醚。得到的淡黄色固体于0℃下用2mL蒸馏水溶解,该溶液用10%氨水调pH至8,过滤,滤液用RP-C18柱层析纯化(40%甲醇水溶液),馏分冷冻干燥。合并得到的无色固体,共0.028g(31%)标题化合物。FT-MS(m/e):624.20[M-H]-;1H-NMR(300MHz,D2O):δ/ppm=8.576(s,1H),8.315(s,1H),4.598~4.555(m,2H),4.306~4.261(m,1H),4.183~4.165(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.150(s,1H),3.856(m,2H),3.744~3.729(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),2.939~2.891(m,2H),2.634~2.566(m,2H),1.785~1.601(m,2H),1.310~1.262(m,2H);13C-NMR(75MHz,D2O):δ/ppm=174.31,173.15,172.80,171.29,170.24,165.00,161.97,153.99,145.72,138.69,130.61,130.50,68.63,63.77,57.68,55.36,51.75,44.59,39.03,34.72,31.88,27.36。
实施例23评价4a,b与顺铂联合使用的抗肿瘤作用
6-巯基嘌呤和羧甲基纤维素钠均购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司。SPF级ICR品系雄性小鼠(20±2g)购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司。实验采用移植性小鼠S180肉瘤模型。化合物4a,b的剂量为32μmol/kg,阳性对照6-巯基嘌呤的剂量为164μmol/kg,顺铂的剂量为5.7μmol/kg,阴性对照为CMCNa。
建模移植性小鼠S180肉瘤模型用的瘤源为S180小鼠肉瘤细胞,购自北京大学医学部动物实验中心,按悬浮细胞培养方法自行传代保留。取传代一周的荷S180腹水瘤SPF级雄性ICR小鼠,适量乙醚麻醉后断颈处死,浸泡于75%酒精中消毒1min,剖开腹腔,取腹水S180瘤液,经1000r/min×10min离心,弃上清液,残留物以少量经冷却的生理盐水洗去非细胞碎片,组织及浮血,用MUSE流式细胞仪标定细胞活力,结果显示细胞活度达94.67%。活细胞计数,密度为4×107个/mL。活细胞悬浮于冷却的生理盐水中,使细胞密度为2×107个/mL,尽快用于接种。接种时左手固定小鼠,右手持1mL注射器刺入小鼠右侧腋下约2mm至皮下,轻轻钝性分离出一小空腔,注入0.2mL活细胞悬液。
检测接种后每日观察小鼠,至大部分小鼠腋下可见绿豆粒大小实体瘤(平均约接种第5天)时分组,每组11只小鼠,连续给药10天,至第11天称各组小鼠进行称重,以乙醚麻醉,颈椎脱臼处死,固定小鼠腋下实体瘤生长部位,取剪刀剪开皮肤,充分暴露瘤体,沿皮肤,上肢钝性分离取出肉瘤称重。依次剖出脑,心,肝,脾和肾并称重,计算各脏器指数。
数据原位瘤重以均值±SD g表示,SD值先经SPSS软件进行方差分析,检验方差齐性,采用t-test检验,进行组间统计学比较。
结果4a,b与顺铂联合使用,抗肿瘤活性显著优于顺铂单独使用的抗肿瘤活性。并且,化合物在比6-巯基嘌呤剂量降低4倍的情况下,与顺铂联合使用的抗肿瘤活性与6-巯基嘌呤与顺铂联合使用抗肿瘤活性相当。这是本案的意想不到的技术效果。
表1 4a,b与顺铂联用的S180抗肿瘤活性
化合物(剂量,μmol/kg) | 瘤重(均值±SDg) |
CMCNa(—) | 3.06±0.20 |
顺铂(5.7) | 1.95±0.32<sup>a</sup> |
6-巯基嘌呤(164)+顺铂(5.7) | 1.49±0.45<sup>c</sup> |
4a(32)+顺铂(5.7) | 1.16±0.30<sup>b</sup> |
4b(32)+顺铂(5.7) | 1.09±0.36<sup>b</sup> |
a)与CMCNa比p<0.05;b)与CMCNa比p<0.05,与顺铂比p<0.01;c)与CMCNa比p<0.05,与顺铂比p<0.05;n=12.
实施例24评价4a,b与顺铂联用的肝毒性
操作连续给药治疗10天的小鼠,处死之前进行眼球取血,在30min内于4℃1000rpm离心15min,取血清后用谷丙转氨酶/ALT/GPT试剂盒进行检测。4a,b为6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤的代表,对照为CMCNa,假手术组为正常小鼠。
结果表2显示,化合物4a,b联合顺铂组小鼠的血清谷丙转氨酶活力显著低于顺铂组或6-巯基嘌呤联合顺铂组小鼠的谷丙转氨酶活力(p<0.05),即在32μmol/kg的剂量下4a,b联合顺铂用药可在一定程度上降低顺铂的肝毒性。这是本案的意想不到的技术效果。
表2 4a,b与顺铂联用的小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶活力
化合物 | 血清谷丙转氨酶活力(均值±SD IU/L) |
假手术组 | 15.95±5.76 |
顺铂 | 81.29±23.39<sup>a</sup> |
6-巯基嘌呤+顺铂 | 80.17±17.30<sup>a</sup> |
4a+顺铂 | 53.92±15.30<sup>b</sup> |
4b+顺铂 | 34.57±13.35<sup>c</sup> |
a)与假手术组比p<0.05;b)与顺铂比p<0.05;c)与顺铂比p<0.01;n=6.
实施例25评价4a,b与顺铂联用的肾毒性
操作连续给药治疗10天的小鼠,处死之前进行眼球取血,在30min内于4℃1000rpm离心15min,取血清后用肌酐(Cr)试剂盒进行检测。4a,b为6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤的代表,对照为CMCNa,假手术组为正常小鼠。
结果表3显示,化合物4a,b联合顺铂组小鼠的血清肌酐含量显著低于顺铂组或6-巯基嘌呤联合顺铂组小鼠的肌酐含量(p<0.05),即在32μmol/kg的剂量下4a,b联合顺铂用药可在一定程度上降低顺铂的肾毒性。这是本案的意想不到的技术效果。
表3 4a,b与顺铂联用的小鼠血清肌酐水平
化合物 | 血清肌酐水平(均值±SDμmol/L) |
假手术组 | 218.5±31.1 |
顺铂 | 565.8±158.2<sup>a</sup> |
6-巯基嘌呤+顺铂 | 328.6±72.5<sup>b</sup> |
4a+顺铂 | 286.8±61.4<sup>b</sup> |
4b+顺铂 | 154.0±38.0<sup>c</sup> |
a)与假手术组比p<0.05;b)与顺铂比p<0.05;c)与顺铂比p<0.01;n=6.
实施例26评价4a,b与顺铂联用的骨髓抑制毒性
操作连续给药治疗10天的小鼠处死之前眼球取血20μL于0.5mL专用EDTA采血管中,盖紧管口上下摇匀,并在4h内采用全自动三分类血液细胞分析仪检测。4a,b为6-(乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基)嘌呤的代表,对照为CMCNa。
结果表4显示,顺铂组小鼠的白细胞数显著降低于CMCNa组小鼠,血小板数和红细胞数无明显降低。这表明顺铂造成的骨髓抑制毒性主要表现为对白细胞数的抑制。6-巯基嘌呤联合顺铂组小鼠血小板数显著低于CMCNa组小鼠。4a,b联合顺铂组小鼠的白细胞数和血小板数明显比顺铂组小鼠高,即4a,b与顺铂联用可降低顺铂的骨髓抑制副作用。这是本案的意想不到的技术效果。
表4 4a,b与顺铂联用的小鼠骨髓抑制毒性测定
a)与CMCNa比p<0.05;b)与CMCNa比p<0.05,与顺铂比p<0.05;c)与CMCNa比p<0.05,与顺铂比p<0.01;n=8.
实施例27评价4a,b与顺铂联用组小鼠体内铂含量
操作取连续给药10天后的小鼠的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、脑等脏器、血液、排泄物等生物样本,在MARS-AApress微波消解仪中硝化至澄清溶液,用Varian710-ES电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定铂元素的含量。
结果表5显示,4a,b联合顺铂组小鼠各器官及血液中的铂含量显著低于顺铂组小鼠各脏器和血液中的铂含量(p<0.05),并且,4a,b联合顺铂组小鼠尿液中的铂含量显著高于顺铂组小鼠(p<0.05),即在32μmol/kg的剂量下4a,b可在一定程度上减少小鼠体内铂蓄积,增加铂排泄。
表5 4a,b与顺铂联用小鼠体内铂含量
a)与顺铂比p<0.05;b)与顺铂比p<0.01;n=8。
Claims (3)
2.权利要求1的6-乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基嘌呤的制备方法,该方法包括:
2.1.合成6-乙酰-O-乙基巯基嘌呤;
2.2.合成6-羧甲基巯基嘌呤;
2.3.采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-OBzl;
2.4.采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,制备Boc-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl;
2.5.将Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-OBzl脱保护剂制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly;
2.6.将Boc-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl脱保护剂制备Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl;
2.7.采用二环己基碳二亚胺为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,制备Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl;
2.8.将Boc-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl脱保护剂制备Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl;
2.9.采用苯并三氮唑-N,N,N’,N’-四甲基脲六氟磷酸脂为缩合剂,1-羟基苯并三唑为催化剂的液相法,将6-羧甲基巯基嘌呤与Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-AA-OBzl缩合,制备6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤,6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤;
2.10.将6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Phe(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤,6-乙酰-Arg(NO2)-Gly-Asp(OBzl)-Ser(OBzl)-巯基嘌呤脱保护基制备6-乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基嘌呤。
3.权利要求1的6-乙酰-Arg-Gly-Asp-AA-巯基嘌呤与顺铂联合治疗在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
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