CN112106676A - Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs - Google Patents
Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112106676A CN112106676A CN202010955836.2A CN202010955836A CN112106676A CN 112106676 A CN112106676 A CN 112106676A CN 202010955836 A CN202010955836 A CN 202010955836A CN 112106676 A CN112106676 A CN 112106676A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- test
- dog
- test cage
- experimental
- box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 206010003805 Autism Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 208000020706 Autistic disease Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000824799 Canis lupus dingo Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008451 emotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000013016 learning Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000035985 Body Odor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282465 Canis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282461 Canis lupus Species 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282579 Pan Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101150096160 Shank3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010040904 Skin odour abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003925 brain function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000021317 sensory perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011273 social behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/033—Cat or dog houses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test cage device and an evaluation method of social ability of dogs, wherein the test cage device comprises the following steps: the test cage is used for placing the experimental dog and the problem box is arranged in the test cage; the difficult problem box is internally provided with a test tool. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: s1, placing the experimental dog in a test cage, and recording the times and the accumulated time for exploring the problem box by the experimental dog within the set time; s2, enabling a tester to enter the test cage, opening the puzzle box, enabling the test tool to interact with the experimental dog within a set time, then placing the test tool back into the puzzle box, and leaving the test cage; and S3, recording the times and the accumulated time of the experimental dog exploring the problem box in the set time, and the first occurrence time and the help seeking times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog again. The invention reduces the range of motion of the experimental dog by arranging the test cage, and improves the test efficiency. The social ability of the experimental dog is evaluated by utilizing the exploration problem box and the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog, and the evaluation result is more objective and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal behaviors, in particular to a test cage device and an evaluation method of social ability of dogs.
Background
In the domestication process of over thirty thousand years, the domestic dog lives and people in a common environment and communicates with the human being closely, so that the domestic dog becomes a human-loyalty companion animal. The dog family and the human have the phenomenon of convergent evolution in social and emotional aspects. Compared with other model animals, the domestic dog has the characteristics of rich emotion, social intercourse and sympathy, has the advantages (humanity) which are not possessed by other animals, can learn the canine communication mode in the human domestication process, and is better at utilizing the social intercourse behaviors of human beings compared with wolfs and chimpanzees. More specifically, the domestic dog can use sight-seeing with human eyes as a communication tool when human help is needed. Because the dogs have strong learning ability, mild character, good experimental repeatability and high experimental matching degree, the dogs are accepted ideal experimental animals in the international biological and medical fields and are often used as experimental animals for research. Therefore, the domestic dog is used as a model animal to research social emotion, and great potential and opportunity are provided for researching pathogenesis of human mental diseases.
Brain functions include sensory perception, emotion, cognition, learning and memory, and motor control. All these functions are ultimately intended to control the behaviour of the animal. The behavior enables individuals and populations of animals to adapt to environmental changes over a period of time much faster than the evolution of natural selection. It is this adaptive function, the "selection for flexibility", that drives the rapid evolution of the brain throughout phylogenetic processes. Thus, if we want to know how the brain works, we have to consider its function from a behavioral perspective. Currently, there is little research on the ethology of domestic dogs.
The existing ethological method for testing the social ability of the dogs has no standard paradigm, and takes an existing commonly used social behavior testing method 'Unsolvable desk' experiment as an example, the experiment is 3.5 x 4m (14 m)2) The test is carried out in a laboratory room, and the task solving capability of the domestic dog is tested. Feeding judgment of the test dogs was required before the test. During the experiment, three small plates for performing the "insoluble Task" were fixed on the ground, as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, each of which was covered with a clear plexiglass cover having six 0.5mm air holes. The plastic lids on both sides can be easily pushed open to access the food, while the lid in the middle cannot be opened to access the food. The tester sits on a stool about 1.5m from the test cage assembly. After the experiment begins, the experimental dog can move freely in the room and process the task which can not be solved, and the time is 3 minutes. If the test dog did not successfully open the cap 60 seconds after the start of the experiment, the test person opened both plastic caps in half and then sat down again. Videos were analyzed and their behavior scored using The Observer XT 10 software. The dogs under test need to be scored and recorded for each activity, the number of occurrences (frequency), latency and duration of each activity, and the latency of the dog to resolve the first and second resolvable tasks. And finally, converting the scores, times, time and the like into corresponding index results through a calculation formula, and reading the social ability of the experimental dog as shown in fig. 1 c.
The above "insoluble Table" experiment was performed at 14m2The experiment dog can move freely in an overlarge area, and the participation degree of the experiment is low, so that the evaluation efficiency of each behavior of the experiment dog in the experiment process is reduced; moreover, the experimental steps are complicated, the evaluation index is complex, and the feasibility of experimental operation is reduced; in addition, the data processing steps of the experiment are complicated, and the form of the presented result is obscure and not intuitive enough.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a test cage device comprising a test cage and a puzzle box, and a method for evaluating the social ability of a dog through the behaviors of exploring the puzzle box and seeking help to a person by a test dog.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a test cage device comprising: the test cage is used for placing a laboratory dog and the problem box is arranged in the test cage; and a test tool is arranged in the difficult problem box.
Further, the test cage is of regular and symmetrical geometry.
Further, the test cage is enclosed by a fence.
Further, the test device is a food or a toy.
Further, the area of the test cage is 3-6m2。
Further, the test cage device also comprises a camera arranged outside the test cage.
Further, the test cage device is arranged indoors.
The invention also comprises an evaluation method for the social ability of the dogs by using the test cage device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the experimental dog in the test cage, and recording the times and the accumulated time for exploring the puzzle box by the experimental dog within a set time;
s2, a tester enters the test cage, opens the puzzle box, interacts with the experimental dog by using the test tool within a set time, and then puts the test tool back into the puzzle box and leaves the test cage;
and S3, recording the times and the accumulated time of exploring the puzzle box by the experimental dog in the set time, and the first occurrence time and the help seeking times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog again.
Further, the experimental dog exploring the puzzle box comprises: sniffing the puzzle box by the experimental dog, or grabbing or scratching the puzzle box by a claw.
Further, the interacting with the laboratory dog with the test kit comprises: the test person feeds the test dog or plays with the test dog with a toy.
Further, the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog comprises that the experimental dog looks at the difficulty box by eyes of the test person when exploring the difficulty box.
And further comparing the recorded times and accumulated time of exploring the problem box by the experimental dog and the first occurrence time and times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog with reference data, and evaluating the social ability of the experimental dog.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the test cage device and the evaluation method for the social ability of the dog, provided by the invention, by arranging the test cage, under the condition that the free exploration of the experimental dog is ensured, the range of the activity space of the experimental dog is properly reduced, the exploration time of non-target objects is reduced, the experimental participation of the experimental dog is improved, and the evaluation efficiency of each behavior of the dog is further improved. According to the behavior characteristic that the dogs can transmit social signals through eye fixation after long-term domestication, the social ability of the experimental dogs is evaluated by using the data of the exploration problem box and the help seeking behavior of the experimental dogs, the evaluation steps and the evaluation indexes are simplified, the feasibility of evaluation is improved, and the evaluation result is more objective and reliable. Compared with the traditional data analysis mode, the invention has the advantages that the statistics and the processing of the test data enable the test result to be more visual, and the interference of multiple processing factors on the judgment of the experimental result is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1a is an experimental scenario of an existing "insoluble Task" experiment;
FIG. 1b is a diagram of three small trays used in the conventional "Unsolvable Task" experiment;
FIG. 1c is an evaluation index table of a conventional "insoluble Table" experiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test cage assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating social ability of a dog according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4a to 4c are schematic process diagrams of the evaluation method of social ability of dogs in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is the cumulative time data of the experimental dog exploration puzzle box in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is data of the number of times the trial dog explores the puzzle box in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is data of the first occurrence time and the number of help seeking times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog in the embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers in the drawings are, in order:
1. the system comprises a test cage, 2, a problem box, 3, a camera, 31, a first camera, 32, a second camera, 4, a test tool, 5, a mirror, 6 and a tester.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings. The following examples of the present invention are provided herein to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test cage device comprising: the test cage is used for placing a laboratory dog and the difficult problem box 2 is arranged in the test cage 1; the difficulty box 2 is internally provided with a test tool 4. The test cage 1 is regular and symmetrical in geometric shape, so that the phenomenon that the attention of the experimental dog is interfered in the evaluation test process due to the irregular and asymmetrical shape of the test cage 1, the behavior and judgment of the experimental dog are interfered, and the evaluation result is further influenced is avoided. For example, the shape of the test cage 1 is rectangular or circular, and the shape of the test cage 1 is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present invention. The test cage 1 may be enclosed by a fence, roofBoth the base and the base are open. The test device 4 may be food or toy, and the type of the test device is not particularly limited as long as it is interesting to the laboratory dog. The size of the test cage 1 is moderate, and the evaluation test efficiency is influenced if the test cage 1 is too large; the test cage 1 is too small, the movement of the experimental dog can be limited excessively, the evaluation test result is further influenced, and the area of the test cage 1 can be 3-6m2. The area of the test cage 1 is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present invention. The outside of the test cage 1 is provided with a camera 3 for shooting the activity of the experimental dog in the test cage 1 in the evaluation test process. The number and the position of the cameras 3 may be determined as needed, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
The test cage device is arranged indoors, so that the phenomenon that excessive environmental factors interfere with the attention of the experimental dog in the evaluation test process, interfere with the behavior and judgment of the experimental dog and further influence the evaluation result is avoided. The indoor environment is free of any furniture and sundries and peculiar smell. The indoor brightness is uniform, and the illumination is not less than 200 lx; if a window exists, shading the window; the ambient volume is below 40 dB.
In this embodiment, the area inside the chamber is 15m2The room (2) has no furniture or sundries, the window of the room is shielded, and the ambient sound volume in the room is about 30 dB. As shown in fig. 3, the test cage 1 disposed in the room was a rectangle of dimensions 2.7 by 1.8 by 0.9m (length by width by height) enclosed by the enclosure. Puzzle box 2 is a laboratory dog transport cage, 0.6 x 0.43 x 0.45m (length x width x height), placed in the corner of the pen and fixed. Disposed within puzzle box 2 is food, such as dog food or beef cans. The experimental dog cannot open the difficult problem box 2. The floor, the fence and the problem box 2 in the room are ensured to be clean without peculiar smell. A first camera 31 is arranged right above the test cage 1, a second camera 32 is arranged on one side, away from the difficult problem box 2, of the test cage 1, and the first camera 31 and the second camera record the movement of the experimental dog in the fence. The first camera 31 and the second camera are both Haekwev cameras, and are wide-angle cameras.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for evaluating social ability of a dog using the test cage device, including the following steps:
s1, placing the experimental dog in the test cage 1, and recording the times and the accumulated time for the experimental dog to explore the puzzle box 2 within set time;
the experimental dog exploration problem box 2 comprises: sniffing the problem box 2 by the experimental dog, or grabbing or scratching the problem box 2 by a claw.
S2, enabling a tester 6 to enter the test cage 1, opening the puzzle box 2, using the test tool 4 to interact with the experimental dog within a set time, and then placing the test tool 4 back into the puzzle box 2; and exits the test cage 1.
The interaction of the test person 6 with the test kit 4 with the laboratory dog comprises: feeding the experimental dog or playing with the experimental dog by using a toy.
And S3, recording the times and the accumulated time of the experimental dog exploring the problem box in the set time, and the first occurrence time and the help seeking times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog again.
The help seeking behavior of the experimental dog comprises that the experimental dog looks at the tester 6 with eyes when exploring the puzzle box 2.
The social ability of the experimental dog can be evaluated by comparing the recorded times and accumulated time of exploring the puzzle box 2 by the experimental dog, the first occurrence time of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog and the help seeking frequency with the reference data. The reference data may be obtained using test data obtained by an evaluation test of a large number of dogs by the evaluation method of the present invention, for example, an average value of all test data is used as the reference data. The method can be used for comparing various test data of the experimental dog with corresponding reference data of various tests; or the social ability of the dog is evaluated by carrying out weighted average on each test data of the experimental dog and then comparing the test data with corresponding weighted average benchmark data. The evaluation level of the social ability of the dog can also be set based on the benchmark data.
Considering that the time length of attention of the domestic dog is limited, in the evaluation test process, a certain time length is set for each test step, and the behavior of the laboratory dog is recorded in the set time length, for example, the number of times of exploring the puzzle box 2 and the accumulated time of the laboratory dog in the set time length are recorded, and the number of help seeking times of the laboratory dog in the set time length are recorded. The set time length is moderate and too long, and the attention of the experimental dog is not enough to maintain the time; the time is too short, and the collected behavior data of the experimental dog is insufficient; therefore, the evaluation test results are affected, and the set time can be 2 to 4 minutes. The embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited thereto. The same time length can also be set for each test step as required.
In the embodiment, 13 beagle dogs are used as experimental dogs, the age of the experimental dogs is 9-11 months, the weight of the experimental dogs is 10-15 kg, and the experimental dogs are normal in body and have no limb damage after conventional quarantine and physical examination. Of these, 8 were wild beagle dogs (5 female dogs, 3 male dogs); the other 5 were autism model dogs edited by Shank3 gene (see invention patent application CN201811577970.2 method for establishing autism model dog).
In this example, the test article was food, so all the test dogs were fasted for at least 6 hours before the evaluation test, and the evaluation test was performed on each test dog separately according to the following procedure.
First, the laboratory dog is placed in the test cage 1 alone, the laboratory dog is allowed to move freely in the test cage 1 for 2 minutes, as shown in fig. 4a, and the number of times and the cumulative time during which the laboratory dog searches the puzzle box 2 are recorded by the first camera 31 provided directly above the test cage 1, that is, the number of times and the cumulative time during which the laboratory dog smells the puzzle box 2 or grabs or scratches the puzzle box 2 with claws after recognizing the food placed in the puzzle box 2.
The test person 6 then enters the test cage 1, opens the puzzle box 2, removes the food from it and feeds the dog for 2 minutes, as shown in figure 4 b. If the test tool in the puzzle box 2 is a toy, the tester 6 takes out the toy and plays with the experimental dog for 2 minutes. The test person 6, after feeding, places the remaining food back into the puzzle box 2 and then leaves the test cage 1, moves outside the side of the test cage 1 remote from the puzzle box 2, sets the position of the second camera 32, and stands facing the puzzle box 2, as shown in fig. 4 c. A second camera 32 is arranged behind the test person 6.
Let the laboratory dog alone again in test cage 1 activity 2 minutes, during this period, the laboratory dog still wants to eat the food in difficult problem case 2, then explores difficult problem case 2 again to when can not eat the food in difficult problem case 2, through with tester 6 eyesight to the tester 6 help. As shown in fig. 3 and 4c, the second camera 32 is disposed behind the test person 6, and records the help-seeking behavior of the laboratory dog together with the first camera 31. In order to assist in recording the help-seeking behavior of the laboratory dog, i.e. the laboratory dog looking at the tester 6, a mirror 5 may be provided in front of the head of the tester 6. The mirror surface of the mirror 5 faces the face of the test person 6 and the second camera 32. Make second camera 32 also can shoot the direction of gazing of tester 6 when shooting the activity of laboratory dog, especially, when the laboratory dog gazes tester 6, can confirm that tester 6 is also gazing at the laboratory dog, promptly, laboratory dog and tester 6 eye-sight are looked at. The height of the mirror 5 is determined by the height of the test person 6, typically the height of the mirror 5 is level with the head of the test person. In this step, the times and the accumulated time of the experimental dog exploring the puzzle box 2, and the first occurrence time and the help seeking times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog are recorded. Thus, the evaluation test of the experimental dog is completed.
The evaluation test may be performed as many times per dog as necessary according to the above evaluation method, for example, three times per dog, once per day. The average of the multiple evaluation test results may be taken as the final evaluation result.
When a tester carries out evaluation tests on different experimental dogs or carries out evaluation tests on the same experimental dog for multiple times, the tester needs to wear the same clothes and make personal hygiene; the phenomenon that the attention of the experimental dog is interfered due to the change of clothes of a tester or the body odor is avoided, the behavior and judgment of the experimental dog are interfered, and the evaluation result is further influenced.
Fig. 5 to 7 show the test data of 8 wild beagle dogs and 5 autism model dogs in this example. In the figure, Ctrl represents a wild beagle dog, a closed black circle represents a male dog, and an open black circle represents a female dog; mut represents an autistic model dog, represented by 5 gray circles of different shades.
Fig. 5 shows data of the cumulative time to explore the puzzle box for wild beagle dogs and autistic model dogs. Wherein, the data diagram on the left side is the data of the accumulated time of the exploration problem box of the wild beagle dog and the autism model dog during the experimental dog is placed in the test cage to freely move for 2 minutes in the step S1; the data plot on the right is the cumulative time for the wild beagle dog and the autistic model dog to explore puzzle box 2 during the 2 minute period of activity in the test cage alone after the experimental dog was fed at step S3.
As can be seen from fig. 5, when the experimental dog alone was allowed to move freely in the test cage at step S1, the cumulative time for the wild beagle dog puzzle box (average of about 22 seconds) was longer than the cumulative time for the autistic model dog puzzle box (average of about 15 seconds), but the difference was not significant. However, after the test persons had fed the test dogs and stood outside the test cages, the cumulative time for the wild beagle exploration problem box (average of about 70 seconds) was significantly increased over that before; while the cumulative time for exploring the puzzle box for the autism model dog (average of about 10 seconds) is not significantly increased or even decreased.
Figure 6 shows data for the number of times the problem box was explored by wild beagle dogs and autistic model dogs. Wherein, the data diagram on the left side is the times of exploring a difficult problem box of a wild beagle dog and an autism model dog during the period of placing the experimental dog in the test cage 1 to freely move for 2 minutes; the data plot on the right is the number of problem cases explored by the wild beagle dog and the autistic model dog during the 2 minute period of activity in the test cage alone again after the experimental dog was fed.
As can be seen from fig. 6, when the experimental dog alone was allowed to freely move in the test cage at step S2, the number of times of exploring the puzzle box by the wild beagle dog (average of about 2.6 times) was greater than that of exploring puzzle box 2 by the autistic model dog (average of about 1.4 times), but the difference was not significant. However, after the test persons had fed the test dogs and stood outside the test cages, the number of times the wild beagle dog explored the puzzle box (average about 4.6 times) was significantly higher than before; the number of times of exploring the puzzle box (average of about 2 times) of the autistic model dog is not significantly increased.
Figure 7 shows data for help in wild beagle dogs and autistic model dogs after being fed and again free to move within test cages for 2 minutes on their own. Wherein, the data diagram on the left side is the data of the first occurrence time of the help seeking behaviors of the wild beagle dog and the autism model dog; the data on the right are for the number of help sought by wild beagle dogs and autistic model dogs.
As can be seen from fig. 7, after the experimental dog is fed in step S3 and put in the test cage again, in the process of searching the puzzle box, when it is known that the food is not available by its own ability, the tester on the spot is asked for help. The first occurrence time of the help behaviors of the wild beagle dogs (average value of about 56 seconds) is significantly shorter than that of the help behaviors of the autism model dogs (average value of about 90 seconds), and the help times of the wild beagle dogs (average value of about 1.7 times) are much larger than that of the autism model dogs (average value of about 0.3 times).
From the data in fig. 5 to 7, it can be seen that the data gap between the wild beagle dog and the autism model dog exploration problem box is not significant in the case of no accompanying person. However, in the case of accompanying people, the times and the accumulated time for exploring the puzzle box by the wild beagle dog are remarkably increased. When people find that the people cannot obtain food and need help, people can seek help for the people in time and frequently through eyes of the people, the social ability is strong, and the social dependence on the people is great. In contrast, the autism model dog cannot ask for help from people in time, has weak social ability and has weak social dependence on people.
In addition, by comparing the data of 8 wild beagle dogs, it can be seen that the social ability is different. The test data for each wild beagle dog can be compared to benchmark data to assess their social competence.
According to the test cage device provided by the invention, the test cage is arranged, so that the moving space range of the experimental dog is properly reduced, the exploration time of non-target objects is reduced, the experimental participation of the experimental dog is improved, and the judgment efficiency of each behavior of the experimental dog is improved under the condition that the experimental dog can be freely explored. According to the method for evaluating the social contact ability of the dog, provided by the invention, the social contact ability of the experimental dog is evaluated by using the data of the exploration problem box and the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog according to the behavior characteristic that the dog can transmit the social contact signal by looking at the eyes after long-term domestication, so that the evaluation steps and the evaluation indexes are simplified, the feasibility of evaluation is improved, and the evaluation result is more objective and reliable. Compared with the traditional data analysis mode, the invention counts and processes the test data to ensure that the result is more visual, and reduces the interference of multiple processing factors on the judgment of the experimental result.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience of describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present invention, and are not intended to refer to any parts or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A test cage device, comprising: the test cage is used for placing a laboratory dog and the problem box is arranged in the test cage; and a test tool is arranged in the difficult problem box.
2. The test cage device of claim 1, wherein the test cage is a regular and symmetrical geometric shape.
3. The test cage device of claim 1, wherein the test cage is enclosed by a fence.
4. The test cage device of claim 1, wherein the test implement is a food or toy.
5. Test cage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the test cage has an area of 3-6m2。
6. The test cage device of claim 1, further comprising a camera disposed outside of the test cage.
7. The test cage device of claim 1, wherein the test cage device is disposed indoors.
8. A method of assessing social ability of dogs using a test cage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the experimental dog in the test cage, and recording the times and the accumulated time for exploring the puzzle box by the experimental dog within a set time;
s2, a tester enters the test cage, opens the puzzle box, interacts with the experimental dog by using the test tool within a set time, and then puts the test tool back into the puzzle box and leaves the test cage;
and S3, recording the times and the accumulated time of exploring the puzzle box by the experimental dog in the set time, and the first occurrence time and the help seeking times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog again.
9. The evaluation method of claim 8, wherein the searching of the puzzle box by the laboratory dog comprises: sniffing the puzzle box by the experimental dog, or grabbing or scratching the puzzle box by a claw.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein said interacting with said test device with said laboratory dog comprises: the test person feeds the test dog or plays with the test dog with a toy.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the laboratory dog help behavior comprises the laboratory dog looking at the test person while exploring the puzzle box.
12. The evaluation method according to claim 8, wherein the social ability of the experimental dog is evaluated by comparing the recorded times and accumulated times of exploring the puzzle box by the experimental dog and the first occurrence times and times of the help seeking behavior of the experimental dog with reference data.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010955836.2A CN112106676A (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010955836.2A CN112106676A (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112106676A true CN112106676A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
Family
ID=73802523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010955836.2A Pending CN112106676A (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112106676A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103598144A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-02-26 | 昆明医科大学 | Tree shrew behavioristic evaluation method |
| WO2016154033A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Brownridge Chelsea W | Dog locker/pet locker |
| CN106577324A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Device and method for fear test |
| CN107094653A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-29 | 合肥民众亿兴软件开发有限公司 | A kind of animal free-ranging monitoring system |
| CN109699508A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-03 | 山东理工大学 | Full automatic pet monitoring device based on internet big data analysis platform |
| CN110063267A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-07-30 | 深圳派特科技有限公司 | A kind of system and method for automatic detection and correction animal behavior |
-
2020
- 2020-09-11 CN CN202010955836.2A patent/CN112106676A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103598144A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-02-26 | 昆明医科大学 | Tree shrew behavioristic evaluation method |
| WO2016154033A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Brownridge Chelsea W | Dog locker/pet locker |
| CN106577324A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Device and method for fear test |
| CN107094653A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-29 | 合肥民众亿兴软件开发有限公司 | A kind of animal free-ranging monitoring system |
| CN109699508A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-03 | 山东理工大学 | Full automatic pet monitoring device based on internet big data analysis platform |
| CN110063267A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-07-30 | 深圳派特科技有限公司 | A kind of system and method for automatic detection and correction animal behavior |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 环球: "研究发现驯化的狗独立思考性差", 《科学大观园》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Kondo et al. | Crows cross-modally recognize group members but not non-group members | |
| Hile et al. | Male vocal imitation produces call convergence during pair bonding in budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus | |
| Davis | Socially induced flight reactions in pigeons | |
| Feaver et al. | A method for rating the individual distinctiveness of domestic cats | |
| Shriner | Yellow-bellied marmot and golden-mantled ground squirrel responses to heterospecific alarm calls | |
| CN104472385B (en) | Non-human primate social behavior testing device | |
| Jensen et al. | Echolocating bats can use acoustic landmarks for spatial orientation | |
| Shettleworth et al. | Multiple systems for spatial learning: dead reckoning and beacon homing in rats. | |
| Quinn et al. | When rats rescue robots | |
| CN112136706A (en) | Testing device and method for evaluating dog athletic ability | |
| Borrego et al. | Lions (Panthera leo) solve, learn, and remember a novel resource acquisition problem | |
| Zimmermann et al. | Use of vocal fingerprinting for specific discrimination of gray (Microcebus murinus) and rufous mouse lemurs (Microcebus rufus) | |
| KR20210108686A (en) | Diagnosis and prognosis method of pets disease based on visual artificial intelligence | |
| Silberer et al. | Object naming in language and vision: A survey and a new dataset | |
| Dennett | Out of the armchair and into the field | |
| Persons et al. | The effect of prey movement on attack behavior and patch residence decision rules of wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) | |
| Gouzoules et al. | Agonistic screams and the classification of dominance relationships: are monkeys fuzzy logicians? | |
| CN112106676A (en) | Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs | |
| Cavagna et al. | Characterization of lab-based swarms of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes using 3D-video tracking | |
| Morita et al. | Animals exhibit consistent individual differences in their movement: A case study on location trajectories of Japanese macaques | |
| CN112136699B (en) | Method for evaluating social ability of dogs and dogs by utilizing multi-unit device | |
| Kemp et al. | Individual modulation of anti-predator responses in common marmosets | |
| CN106200905A (en) | Information processing method and electronic equipment | |
| CN214709751U (en) | Device for establishing insect social barrier model | |
| CN111034682B (en) | Behavior detection device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201222 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |